Pura Model

7/29/2019 Pura Model

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PURA MODEL OF RURAL

DEVELOPMENT

PROVIDING URBAN AMENITIES

IN RUAL AREA (2005)


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Objective of PURA Model:

1. To eradicate poverty from India, PURAmodel will work as lever of Economicupliftment of the villages.

2. People below poverty line (BPL) areabout 260 crore and at present GDP rateis 6.9%. It has to be increased to 9% andto be sustained for several years.

Then it is possible for India to get thestatus of a Developed Nation.


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3. To ensure that people who are living inrural area, must have a standard in theirlife.

4. To make strong the Social

infrastructure of Rural Area such asHealth, Electricity, Education and healthissues, so that people can survive with

better life. 5. To propel Economic Development

without population Transfer.(from rural tourban).


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6. Take infrastructure to villages wherehuman beings live (said by Late Prof. A.M.Khusro).

7. PURA concept also invite PrivateSector for investment for creating Socialand Economic infrastructure in Rural Area.Infrastructure includes : ROADS,ELECTRICITY, TRANSPORTATION,TELECOMMUNICATION, HEALTH CARE

AND EDUCATION.


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For this purpose Rs.3 Crore is not

sufficient to develop one-cluster (15-25

villages). It will require Rs.100 crore &

above.

Development areas are as under:

(i) Roads and Ring Road,

(ii) Electricity,

(iii) Transport facilities,

(iv) Telecommunication & IT Services.


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(v) Knowledge Connectivity : Higher

Education.

(vi) Hospital and Health Centre.

(vii) Marketing Facilities:- Where rural

people can sell their produce and can

purchase all the goods and commodities &

services for daily use.


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Dr. A.P.J.Kalam have said as under :1. PURA is a development solution for the

rural sector.

2. India needs Approx.7,000 PURAcomplexes (Markets), each unit having a

maximum of 1 lakh population (Block area)

3. Consisting of20 to 100 villages(cluster)4. Each PURA complex will cost Rs.100 to

Rs.200 Crores depending upon the region.


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5. It will provide direct employmentopportunities to about 3,000 people.

6. It will generate employment

opportunities in the Service & Supportsectorfor about 10,000 people.

7. This will reduce the employment gap

(26 crore BPL people). 8. Physical connectivity of villages by

Pucca Roads, and Transportation.


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9. Electronic connectivity through Tele-

communications reaching the rural areas.

10. Broad-band wirelessand knowledge

connectivity through Education, Skill

Training for farmers, Artisans, &

Craftsmen and Entrepreneurship program.

11. These three connectivity will lead to

economic connectivity through starting of

enterprises with the help of: (a) Banks,


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(b) Micro-credit, and (c) Marketing of

Products.

Economic Connectivity by :-

- Public & Private Sectors,

- NGOs, FICCI, NASSCOM,

ASSOCHAM, CII.

- Govt. to provide proactive policies - Banks to provide loans with low interest

and no procedural hurdles.


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Physical/Electronic/KnowledgeConnectivities:-

1. Road & Infrastructure by Govt.

2. Electronic & Knowledge connectivityby: - Industries & Business;

- Establishments

- Private Industries; - Educational Institutions;

- R&D by Government.


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Activities to be started by : 1. Vocational Training & Schools by NGOs, and

Private Sector.

2. Health Care by Govt. reinforced by Private

Healthcare Institutions.

3. Habitates (Housing) by Government andInsurance Bodies (LIC) & others Financial

Institutions.

4. Sanitation & Hygiene by NGOs.

5. Industrial/Entrepreneurship leads to clean

Green Industries.

SUGGESTED APPROACH TO


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SUGGESTED APPROACH TO

GOVT. BY EXPERTS IS AS

UNDER:

1. Select 600 blocks in Backward areas.

2. Invest Rs.100Rs.200 crores per block 3. This amount should be given to Block

Development Committee to develop

clusters. This amount will be given in three Phases:


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Ist Phaze : under Xth Plan - 25% amount

2ns Phaze: under XIth Plan 35% amount

3rd

Phaze : under XIIth Plan- 40% amount Out of the total amount 20% amount

should be contributed by the State-Govt.,

so that 80% can be realeased by theCentral Govt. to state govt. concerned.


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As there are 3 categories of Clusters viz.,(i) Urban (TypeA-Cluster),

(ii) Semi-urban (Type-B-Cluster), and

(iii) Village oriented (Type-C-Cluster).

The Govt. should start work ofinfrastructure at Bottom level cluster first.

Cluster TypeC- be taken first by theGovt. with Roads, Electricity and Waterconnectivity.


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These three essential infrastructure shouldbe made available by the State Govt.funds. Then, for remaining development

work i.e. Hospital, Education, andTelecommunication. (But Private Sectorhave already started connectivity inTelecommunication sector)

PPP mode should be used by Govt. forimplementing the PURA schemes.


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XIth Plan provision in Budget is for Rs.248crores for implementing the PURA shcemein compact Rural areas in Public Private

Partnership (PPP) mode. Population between 30,000 to 1 lac in

about 10 to 15 villages with adequate landfor four-lane circular road without havingcanals should be taken on priority basis fordevelopment in all districts.


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PURA-model involves FOUR

connectivities:

1. Physical Connectivity

2. Electronic Connectivity

3. Knowledge Connectivity4. Economic Connectivity.

These four connectivity is required to

enhance the prosperity of cluster ofvillages in the Rural Areas.


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(1) PHYSICAL CONNECTIVITY:

In this connectivity, the main objectives

are as under:-

(i) A group of 15-20 villages linked by

Road. It means- a strong infrastructure

should be constructed to connect the rural

area. This will make easier to go from one

place to other and transfer of goods will beeasy (Agricultural produce).


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(ii) There will be a Ring Road to connect

the villages each other.

(iii) Besides Roads, provision of Electricity

and Transport have also been included in

PURA- Physical connectivity.

(2) Digital or Electronic Connectivity:

(i) Under this model every Indian should

get electric connection in his house.


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(ii) Telecommunication facilities and

Information Technology services should

be available :

- Public Call Offices,

- Cyber Cafes,

- Computer Services etc. (3) Knowledge Connectivity:-

This connectivity means :-


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(i) A School within a distance of 5 to 7kms. of Circular Ring Road.

(ii) Higher Education Centre.

(iii) Hospital and Primary Health Centre invillages.

(iv) To provide public awareness through

various type of Dramas and plays. (v) To train people of rural area through

Training Institutions.


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(4) Economy Connectivity:

(i) To establish within this group ofvillages (15-20 villages) good

MARKETING FACILITIES, so that all thecommodities and services of daily use canbe procured.

(ii) Rural people can sell their Agriculturaland allied activities produce in thesemarkets.


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(iii) Economic connectivity consists of

following things:-

Agricultural Produce through Channels of

ROADS,

TRANSPORTATION,

LOGISTICS,

MAN-POWER, TECHNOLOGY to

Markets.


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Market through various agencies and

their Cooperation- Agencies are:

BANKS

STATE & CENTRAL GOVERNMENT,

COOPERATIVE BANKS,

SHG- NGO, AND DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTIONS.


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Through Economic connectivity, thePURA-model can become a BusinessEnterprise which can be operated in every

nook and corner in our country and also atGlobal level.

The PURA enterprize has to have theskills for evolving a business plan withbanks and also create infrastructuralsupport as Educational Institutions,


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Health Centers, Small Scale Industries,

Transportation services, Tele-educations,

Tele-medicine, e-governance services in

the region integrating with thegovernmental rural development schemes

like Roads, Transport, Communication etc.


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CLASSIFICATION OF PURA IN 3

CATEGORIES:

CategoryI :Type A Clusters (near urban)

Category-II :Type B Clusters (,, semi-urb)

Category-III :Type C Clusters (far off-urb)

TYPE-A CLUSTER:

The classification is made based onregion and state of present development:

- Closer to an urban area,

- Having minimal road connectivity,


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- Limited infrastructure,

- Limited support of Schools,

- Limited support for Primary Health Centre (PHC).

Keeping in minds these things, the

development is made and improvement isdone.


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TYPEB CLUSTER:-

- It is situated close to urban area but has

sparsely spread infrastructure and it

may be closer to urban area.

- No connectivity of School and PHC.

TYPE C CLUSTER:-

- Located far interior (Remote Areas),

- With no infrastructure,


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- No connectivity of School & PHC, and

- No basic amenities.

IMPLEMENTATION OF PURA-MODELBY NATION :-

Government Action on the PuraModel is

as under:-

(1) Govt. planned to develop 7,000 Rural

clusters locations of Backward Regions.


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(2) Budget Allocated:

At least Rs.100 crores for each cluster.

Total Clusters are 7000 (Revised).

Hence, total value to be issued for each cluster

will be between Rs.100 to 200 Crores depending

on the region.

(3) To be implemented through CDP :- - Irrigation facilities were enlarged and

- Green Revolution was possible through CDPs.


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(4) There is migration of people from rural to

urban areas, which has created difference

between urban and rural which continues.

The urban-rural gap can be removed only ifmigration stops. Some facts & figures about

migration to urban area:

In 1951 urban population was : 17.3%

In 2001 urban population was : 27.8% and

In 2011 urban population is : 32.0%.


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II- WHITE REVOLUTION

MISSION MILK -NATIONAL DAIRY PLAN (NDP) MODEL

FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT


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Mission Milk has also been told as one ofthe model for Rural Development.

Production of Milk is done by Rural India

and more than 50% farmers are havingmilch animals and producing milk.

It is one of the biggest area of employment

alongwith Agriculture in Rural area. It is an allied activity to Agriculture, which

is undertaken by almost all farmers.


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AMUL is known to all for its variousproducts produced from Milk.

AMUL is not only popular in India but also

in other so many countries. AMUL is producing variety of milk

products including Butter, Ghee, Lassi,

and Ice-cream. Like AMUL every state has its own brand

name of Milk & Milk Products.


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1. Second White Revolution launched

from Anand (Gujarat) w.e.f. 20th

April,2012.

2. Scheme is to Double Indias Milk

production.

3. Present production of milk is 122.8

million tonnes in 2010-11.

4. Target is to produce 200 million tonnes

by 2021-22.


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5. National Dairy Development Board

(NDDB) is Implementing agency.

6. India is the worlds largest milk

producer.

7. Amrita Patel is chairperson of NDDB.

Financial Outlay:

The financial outlay (in first phase) is

Rs.2242 Crore for 6 years.

Project cost (estimated) is Rs.17,300


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Objective of Mission Milk:

Mission Milk will be a multi-state initiative

by which the plan is aimed at increasing

the productivity of milch animals through a

Scientific Plan.

It is a Ist phase of National Dairy Plan

(NDP).

It is necessary to maintain Annual Growth

of over 4% for the next 15 years to meet

the estimated demand.


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Project Development Objectives of NDP

are as under:-

1. To help increase productivity of milch

animals and thereby- milk production to

meet the rapidly growing demands for

milk.

2. To help provide rural milk producerswith greater access to organize milk-

processing sector.


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NDP will be implemented in 14 major milk

producing states, they are :-

1. Andhra Pradesh

2. Bihar

3. Gujarat

4. Haryana 5. Karnataka

6. Kerala


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7. Madhya Pradesh

8. Maharashtra

9. Orissa 10. Punjab

11. Rajasthan

12. Tamil Nadu 13. Uttar Pradesh

14. West Bengal.


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These 14 states account for 90% of

countrys milk production.

SOURCES OF FUND:

Financed as loan from International

Development Association (IDA) of World

Bank and implemented by NDDB, through

End Implementing Agencies (EIA) locatedin the 14 States.


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Implementation Period:

Total tenure is 15 years and total financial

outlay is Rs.17,300 crore.

The World Bank has assured to give

support for next phase if this project is

implemented successfully.

The Dairy sector at present contributes 6%

to countrys GDP.


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Production of 2,500 high genetic merit and

disease-free cattle and Buffalo Bulls of

different breed will be made available and

import of 400 Jersey & Holstein FriesianBulls will be brought to India.

Breed Development through Artificial

insemination will be increased from 20% to35% over a period of 6 years of project

period.


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Training of Resource Persons:

Farmers will be imparted Training and

education through 40,000 local resource

persons on feeding their Animals

Balanced Ration (Balanced Diet).

Procurement (of Milk) system:

Village based procurement system will be

expanded by strengthening existing

cooperatives and facilitation the setting-up

of Producer Companies.


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Coverage of Villages:

It is expected that 1.2 million milk

producers in 23,800 additional villages will

be covered in the project.

Phase Period:

PhaseI is from 2012-13 to 2016-17

Phase II is from 2017-18 to 2019-20.


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Bifurcation of estimated Project outlay:

(i) Rs.1584 Crore is IDA credit

(ii) Rs. 176 Crore is the C.G. share

(iii)Rs. 282 Crore is share of End Imple-

menting Agencies (EIA) or the State

Governments.

(iv) Rs. 200 Crore as the share of NDDB


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Helping hands in implementing the project:

(a) Department of Animal Husbandry

(b) Dairying Department

(c) Fishing & Ministry of Agriculture

Department.

It is hoped that India will be successful inMission Milk

Pura Model

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