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Pleomorphic adenoma is benign tumor thatis derived from a mixture of ductal epithelialcells and myoepithelial cells show bothepithelial and mesenchymal differentiation.

The most common neoplasm of salivaryglands.Location: 60% of tumors in the parotid, lesscommon in the submandibular glands, &

relatively rare in the minor salivary glands. Inparotid gland, most tumor arise within thesuperficial lobe.Sex & Age: frequent in women in the 4 th

decade of life. But it can be occurred inchildren & in elderly persons of either sex.

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Symptoms: painless, slow growing, mobilediscrete mass within the parotid orsubmadibular areas or in the buccal cavity.Treatment: parotidectomy.Recurrence: 4% (parotidectomy) 25%(enucleation).

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Rounded and well demarcated mass.Encapsulated (but sometimes the capsule isnot fully developed producing a tongue-likeprotrusions into the surrounding gland)Cut Section: solid, gray white in color,consistency depends on the relative amountof epithelial cells and stroma.

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Tumor composed of two components(biphasic appearance): Epithelial component

Forming duct structures / acini / irregular tubules /

sheets of cells.Foci of squamous metaplasia are common. Mesenchymal component

Loose myxoid tissue (contained stellate cells)Cartilagenous or osseus differentiation are usually

found

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The most common benign tumor of thefemale breast.Age: reproductive period.Frequently multiple & bilateral.Symptoms: palpable mass, painless andmobile.

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Spherical noduleSolidFirm and rubbery

Well demarcated pseudocapsuleGray white

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The tumor consisted of ductularproliferation and proliferation offibromyxomatic stroma. Proliferation of ductuli may form a slit-like (called

intracanalicular) or round spaces (calledpericanalicular)

The fibromyxomatic stroma contain spindle andstellate cells.

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COMMON SOLID TUMOR OF CHILDHOOD,90% FOUND BEFORE AGE 6 ,PEAK AGES 2 TO5.PRESENT WITH AN ABDOMINAL MASS ORABDOMINAL TENDERNESS, MAY PRESENTWITH HEMATURIA,HYPERTENSION OR WITHPERITONEAL SYMPTOMS.

PROGNOSIS DEPEND ON TUMORSTAGE,HISTOLOGIC FEATURES & PATIENTAGE AT TIME OF DIAGNOSIS.

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TYPICALLY SINGLE,WELL CIRCUM-SCRIBEDMASS WITH LOBULATED APPEARANCE.VARIEGATED,BULGING MASS,PALE GRAY TOTAN-PINK,CUT SURFACE : TYPICALLY WITH EXTENSIVEHEMORRHAGE & NECROSIS, CYSTFORMATION MAY BE SEEN.

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CLASSICALLY SHOWED TRIPHASICAPPEARANCE CONSISTED OFBLASTEMA,STROMAL & EPITELIALCOMPONENT.BLASTEMAL COMPONENT IS ARRANGED IN

DIFFUSED SHEETS,THIN CORDS OR ASNODULAR AGGREGATS,PERIPHERALPALISADING OF NUCLEI MAY BE SEEN.BLASTEMA COMPOSED OF SMALL ROUND

CELL WITH HYPERCHROMATIC NUCLEI,COARSE CHROMATIN & SCANTYCYTOPLASM

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STROMA IS TYPICALLY

MYXOID/FIBROMYXOID,DIFFERENTIATIONTOWARD SKELETAL MUSCLE OR LESSCOMMONLY CARTILAGE, BONE, FAT,NEURAL TISSUE MAY BE SEEN.

EPITHELIAL COMPONENT IS IN THE FORM OFPOORLY FORMED TUBULES & GROMERULAR(TUBULAR,GROMERULAR ABORTIVE)

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DERMOID CYST

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This tumor is presumably derived from theectodermal differentiation of totipotentialcells.Cystic teratomas are usually found in youngwomen during the active reproductive years.Bilateral in 10% 15% cases.

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Cystic tumor, usually unilocular.Containing hair and cheesy sebaceousmaterial.Cut section: Thin wall cystic tumor, with fociof thickened wall where hair shafts frequentlyprotude (called: Dermal Plaque).

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Cystic tumors, lined by stratified squamousepithelium with underlying skin adnexae suchas: sebaceous glands, hair shafts, lipid cells,etc.Structures from other germ layer can beidentified, such as: cartilage, bone, thyroidtissue, GI tract mucosal tissue, bronchus,nerve, glial tissue, etc.

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Solid, lobulated.Greyish white.Infrequent necrotic

and hemorrhageareasGenerally does notinfiltrate to thetunica albuginea.

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Tumor cells are large size, round topolyhedral shape. Round, large, centrallocated nuclei, conspicuous nucleoli, clearcytoplasm and distinct cell membrane.

Tumor cells divided into poorly demarcatedlobules by delicate septa and interveninglymphoid stroma.

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