Sezione Geodesia e Geomatica Titolo presentazione … · Titolo presentazione sottotitolo Milano,...

Titolo presentazione

sottotitolo

Milano, XX mese 20XX

Sezione Geodesia e Geomatica – DICA

Geodesy and Geomatics - DICA

Update: July 2107

Geodesy and Geomatics Section - DICA

Geodesy and Geomatics - People

Riccardo Barzaghi Full Professor

Barbara Betti Full Professor

Maria Antonia Brovelli Full Professor

Fernando Sansò Emeritus

Alberta Albertella Associate Professor

Federica Migliaccio Associate Professor

Livio Pinto Associate Professor Chair of GG Section

Giovanna Venuti Associate Professor

Ludovico Biagi Associate Professor

Daniela Carrion Researcher

Mirko Reguzzoni Reseacher

Carlo De Gaetani Researcher

Vincenza Tornatore Senior Technician

Giovanna Sona Researcher


Geodesy and Geomatics – Research Areas

Physical and Mathematical Geodesy • Boundary Value Problems analysis • Earth gravity field estimate: local gravity models • Earth gravity field estimate: satellite gradiometry and global gravity models • International Service for the Geoid (ISG) activities

Surveying methods based on GNSS techniques • Methodological research activities • Permanent networks of GNSS stations • Non-permanent networks for deformation monitoring

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (Earth Observation) • Digital photogrammetry: close range applications • Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) applications

Digital cartography and Geographical Information Systems • GIS design • 3D and 4D applications • WebGIS and geo-Web Services


Satellite geodesy - Gravity models

The original concept of GOCE data analysis by means of the space-wise approach developed at the GG Section has been recognized by ESA as an official GOCE data reduction scheme for the production of GOCE Earth gravity field models.

The ESA GOCE mission (2009 – 2013) measured second derivatives of the gravity potential by means of a gradiometer. GOCE data have attained unprecedented spatial coverage and resolution of the Earth gravity field.

Satellite geodesy: the GOCE mission data analysis


Satellite geodesy The ASI MOCASS study

DICA - Geodesy and Geomatics proposal, with partners UniTS and AtomSensors

An innovative satellite gravity mission based on advanced Cold Atom Interferometry (CAI).

→ Goal: monitoring with high resolution mass distribution and variations which occur on and below the Earth surface. → A key issue in e.g. study variations in the water cycle; study of the Earth’s interior processes.

ASI Call (October 2015) for new concepts of mission and payload for Earth Observation

Complete laser + vacuum system

developed in Firenze (Space Optical

Clocks Project, 2008)

Laser source with integrated micro-

optics for micro-gravity experiments

with Rb (DLR-ESA, FBH Berlin)


6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.0036.00

38.00

40.00

42.00

44.00

46.00

An image of the high precision Italian geoid (4 cm precision)

The Italian geoid estimate

Physical geodesy - Gravity models


GEMMA GLOBAL MOHO

Use of gravity observations (also from satellite missions, like GOCE) or GNSS campaigns to infer the Earth mass density and the structure of the subsurface. Development of inversion algorithms based on stochastic modelling and in particular on the Bayesian approach and MCMC methods. The activities are performed in cooperation with geophysicists from other universities and research centers, with applications also for oil exploration (ENI projects).

SALT DOME

SALT

SEDIMENTS

Physical geodesy - Inversion of geodetic data


International Service for the Geoid (ISG)

A Service of the International Association of Geodesy – IAG) Formerly IGeS, founded 1992 http://www.isgeoid.polimi.it/

PURPOSES AND ACTIVITIES

• to collect regional geoids on a worldwide scale (geoid repository); • to conduct researches on procedures for geoid determination; • to organize international geoid schools and special trainings; • to edit and distribute the Newton's Bulletin; • to take part in international researches: GEOMED; European Gravity Geoid project; Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS) project for the height datum …

Spatial coverage of the grid geoid models available at ISG. Colourbar shows the highest spatial resolution per location (log10 scale, unit: arc-minutes)


GEOID REPOSITORY

On-line repository of regional geoid models, constantly updated. Basic information and references are provided (see the figure as an example) for all regional models in the geoid repository, that recently exceeded the number of 150 models. Public and on-demand regional geoid models are distributed with a unique ISG ASCII format.



International Schools on Geoid Computation

1st Int. Geoid School, Milano, 10 - 14 / 10 / 1994 12th Int. Geoid School, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia 2016



Laboratory of Geodetic and Photogrammetric Measurements

ACTIVITIES: • surveys for scientific and teaching

purposes; • structure, land and geodynamic

monitoring • research cooperation with Universities,

Public Authorities and Administrations, providing consultancy and services in the geodetic-surveying-photogrammetric framework.

MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS: • classical surveying instruments: Total

stations, theodolites and levels; • geodetic and low cost GNSS receivers; • RGB, RGB-D and NIR cameras; • drones for photogrammetric surveys.


GNSS permanent networks

and the national reference frame

RDN is the national Reference Frame, adjusted in ETRF in 2008 In the map: the ETRF displacements for a dense network of 650 stations (red) during the last 10 years. + coseismic displacements of 2016 earthquakes (black) Research activity Spatial modeling of the displacement field to analyze the deformation of RDN in 10 years.


• The GG Section is in the scientific advisory board of SPIN GNSS Network and contributed to the design of the network over the Lombardia area.

• This is the first Italian inter-regional network for real time applications, and allows for precise positioning (5-6 cm precision).

GNSS Techniques The SPIN GNSS RTK network

Users connections in June 2017 (blue dots = GNSS stations)

The SPIN GNSS network consists of 30 GNSS permanent stations connected to a computing center managed by CSI Piemonte.


GNSS Techniques Permanent GPS networks for deformation monitoring

ALPS-GPSQUAKENET project

- The network has been designed for monitoring the deformation of the Alpine area - More than 35 GPS permanent stations have been processed at the GG Section


GNSS Techniques Non-permanent GPS networks for deformation monitoring

THE POLLINO NETWORK Monitoring of the deformations related to the

Castrovillari fault (Pollino seismic gap)


Theodolite TS 30 Leica

Angular rms = 0.5”

Distance rms = 0.5 mm + 0.5 ppm

DATUM WGS84

3D Coordinates

Traverse survey

Trellis pattern: 250/500 m distance between points.

500 m

1-2

m

GNSS Techniques Geodetic survey at INFN GS lab – Tunnel measurements

Accuracy GPS baseline CERN - INFN = 1 cm Traverse survey = 3 cm Point inside the lab = 2-3 cm

Total accuracy less than 4 cm


GNSS signals are delayed by the tropospheric water vapor content. Time series of estimated delays can be derived from the data collected by each station of already existent permanent networks or new networks ad hoc deployed.

The use of dense networks of cost-effective GNSS receivers is one of the topic of our research. The augmented spatial resolution of such networks can be exploited in the prediction of local heavy rains, especially if assimilated in high resolution numerical weather prediction models.

GNSS Techniques GNSS for troposhere water vapor monitoring


GNSS derived tropospheric water vapor delays have been used to validate water vapor maps derived from SAR interferometry. Integration of GNSS and SAR products are under study also within the ASI project SINERGY (call for new concepts of mission and payload for Earth Observation) An ESA project called STEAM will soon start on the assimilation of GNSS water vapor products in high resolution numerical weather prediction models.

The use of low-cost networks and new Sentinel SAR products will be tested in the framework of the recently approved H2020 project TWIGA for the forecasting of heavy rain events in sub Saharian regions

GNSS Techniques GNSS for troposhere water vapor monitoring


GNSS Techniques Low cost GNSS receivers for local deformation monitoring

The monitoring of deformations at the local scale can require dense networks of stations for some applications (for example landslides). For economical reasons, networks of geodetic GNSS receivers cannot be always established for local monitoring. The use of low cost (≈ 500 E) GNSS receivers provide a reasonable alternative. Do they provide accurate and reliable estimates for monitoring purposes? Experiments with networks of low cost receivers and simulated (known) displacements. Comparisons of known and estimated positions. Encouraging results.


IVS Network

Lander CE-3

GNSS Techniques and VLBI Near Field Target Positioning by geodetic VLBI

Interferometric response for natural radio source 3c286

GLONASS satellite PR21 artificial signal

IVS PMD: Associate Analysis Center of the “International VLBI Service” Observations of GNSS satellites (2010-2017) and Lander Chang-3 (2017)

Space-ties to improve Global Reference Frames


Distorted

image Undistorted

image

Geometric calibration

Radiometric calibration

Targets with known reflectance

Tetracam ADCLite Sequoia Optris PI MAPIR/ SJ Cam GoPro

Geometric and radiometric calibration of light multispectral sensors for UAV

Photogrammetry UAS sensors calibration


Flight path and control points

Digital Surface Model

Texturized DSM

NIR-RED-GREEN

NDVI Thermal ortophoto

Photogrammetric block adjustment

UAS, sensor characteristics and test field

Photogrammetry UAS applications in agriculture


Photogrammetry UAS applications in forestry

Non native species detection

Ground masking

DSM

Supervised classification Cisano Bergamasco

Parco Adda nord

Multispectral and multitemporal orthophotos Multispectral image processing and tree species classification


Photogrammetry 3D reconstruction

Villa Castelbarco

3D reconstruction from

photogrammetric takes and

topographic survey.

3D bas-relief reconstruction

with AGIsoft photoscan.


A unique DTM for the alpine and

subalpine area between Italy

(Piedmont and Lombardy) and

Switzerland (Ticino and Grisons

Cantons) has been computed

starting from data acquired from

different DTMs, in different

reference frames and obtained with

different technologies, accuracies,

and resolutions.

The project was funded by the

European Regional Development

Fund within the Italy-Switzerland

cooperation program.

HELvetia-Italy Digital Elevation Model project http://www.helidem.eu/

Digital Terrain Models HeliDEM


GEOLab is an Inter-Departmental Research Laboratory of POLIMI since 2014. Four Departments: CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (DICA), ARCHITECTURE, BUILT ENVIRONMENT AND CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING (DABC), ELECTRONICS, INFORMATION AND BIOENGINEERING (DEIB), AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (DAER).

Focus on Earth Observation: acquisition, modelling, analysis, representation and management of data of EO from space.

GEOLab – An Inter-Departmental Research Laboratory

http://geolab.como.polimi.it

http://geolab.como.polimi.it


Critical variable for climate modelling, biodiversity monitoring, etc.

Increasing availability of high resolution EO and open data

Geographic Information Systems Land Use / Land Cover (LULC)


Integration between new openly released Earth Observation data (e.g. Copernicus satellite images) with the emergent phenomenon of Citizen Science

Geographic Information Systems Earth Observation and Citizen Science


Development of tools to exploit Earth Observation data and, generally, Big Geo Data for solving urban areas issues (PRIN project)

Geographic Information Systems Earth Observation and Urban Geoservices


“Life happens in (at least) three dimensions, so why doesn't science?”

3D Virtual Globes offer a more realistic way to represent/visualise the world

Geographic Information Systems Web visualisation and 3D Virtual Globes


Geographic Information Systems Applications for Historical Research

Design and implementation of a georeferenced DB and GeoService for historical research.

• Data from historical archives: census and fiscal data. • Period: XV century. • Area: modern-day Apulia (Principality of Taranto)


GIS and cartography Applications for Historical Research

Study of cartographic deformations on ancient maps.

Milano Abbiategrasso

Rho

Legnano

An example: the «Cotton map» (140 cm x 66 cm), British Library (London), Cotton Charter Archive XXIII.44.

Hand drawn on parchment by an Italian author at the end of the XV century.

Deformations in the Northern part of the map, based on 62 check points.


Geomatics activities in co-operation with GReD GReD is a spin-off of Politecnico di Milano

H2020 Industrial Leadership Projects

BRIGAID – Water vapour

monitoring by low-cost GNSS

Industrial innovative services

for geodetic monitoring

Deformation monitoring by

low-cost GNSS

Processing and inversion of gravity

data for oil & gas major companies

Gravity disturbances from airborne

survey [mGal]

A reality of excellence in R&D providing innovative

solutions based on geomatics technologies.

Main strength of the company is the expertise in the

field of acquisition, analysis and management of geo-

spatial data, required for the control, understanding

and knowledge of the territory and its processes.

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