Transfert d’énergie modale dans les smart-structures:récupérer et contrôler

Simon CHESNE , Claire Jean-Mistral,

L. Gaudiller & Z. WangUniversité de Lyon, CNRS INSA-Lyon, LaMCoS

Journée scientifique de la SFATechniques de contrôle en vibrations, acoustique et musique

16-11-15

Overview

Context

Previous worksModal SSDI

SSHI

SSDV

SSDH Principles

Experimental Identification

Simulations results & analysis

Conclusions

2

Context: Active control for embedded structuresApplication to a printed circuit board

■ PZT (2 sensors, 1 actuators)■ Modal active control focused on damaging modes■ PCB lifetime increased by 128■ Semi-adaptive

• Semi-adaptive modal control of on-board electronic boards using an identification method

B Chomette, D Remond, S Chesne, L Gaudiller - SMS, 2008

• Damage reduction of on-board structures using piezoelectric components and active modal control

B Chomette, S Chesne, D Rémond, L Gaudiller - MSSP, 2010

Electronic components

PZT

3

Context: Active control for embedded structuresTransmission Loss

3

Transmission Loss

improved

Low Spillover

PhD Thesis, V. Lhuillier, 2009 LVA

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

-90

-80

-70

-60

-50

-40

Frequency (Hz)

dB

(re

f:1

V)

-12dB

-8dB

Context: Active control for embedded structuresApplication to a composite structures

■ Fully integrated transducers■ Identification of coupling coefficients

Experimental identification of smart material coupling effects in composite structures

S Chesne, C Jean-Mistral, L Gaudiller - Smart Materials and Structures, 2013

MFC PVDF

1

1

2

2

1( )( ) ( ) ,( )

y sH s C sI A B

u s

,,

, 2 21

( ) ,2

k lijk ln

ident ik l

i i i i

M eH s

s s

4

Context: Active control for embedded structuresGlobal long-term objectives:

Integrated transducers

High performances

Adaptive

Broadband excitation

Energetic autonomy X

Synchronized switch approaches ?

5

Context: Active control for embedded structures

Passive

control

SSDI

control

Modal

SSDI

control

Hybride

modal

control

Ideal

control

SSDH

Active

modal

control

En

erg

yc

os

t

Performances

6

Context: Synchronized switch approachesBasic principles of switch on Inductance

SSDI = Synchronized Switch Damping on Inductance

Voltage Inversion on each extrema using a resonant network

7

Context: Synchronized switch approachesBasic principles of switch on Inductance

SSDI = Synchronized Switch Damping on Inductance

Voltage Inversion on each extrema using a resonant network

Three interesting developmentsModal SSDI

SSDV

SSHI7

Previous works: Synchronized switch approachesModal SSDI

Voltage Inversion on each modal extrema using a resonant network

Necessity of a modal observer to reconstruct the modal state.

New semi-active multi-modal vibration control using

piezoceramic components

S Harari C. Richard L, Gaudiller; JIMSS, 2009,

8

Previous works: Synchronized switch approachesSSDV (Synchronized Switch Damping on Voltage source)

The electromechanical coupling is reinforced by artificiallyincreasing the voltage amplitude delivered by the patches,

Semi-passive Piezoelectric Structural Damping by Synchronized Switching on Voltage Sources

E, LEFEUVRE & al, JIMSS, 2006,

No control

SSDI

SSDV

9

Previous works: Synchronized switch approachesSSHI (synchronized switch harvesting on inductor)

Artificial increase of the piezoelements’ output voltage.

Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting using a Synchronized Switch Technique

A. BADEL & al, JIMSS 2005

10

Synchronized Switch Damping and HarvestingObjectives of the new approach

Autonomous

High performances

On the same structure

PrinciplesTo harvest energy on a mode (modal SSHI like)

To enhance SSDI control to an another mode (modal SSDV like)

10-1

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

Magnitude (

dB

)

Bode Diagram

Frequency (Hz)

10-1

-40

-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

40

Magnitude (

dB

)

Bode Diagram

Frequency (Hz)Energy transfert11

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

Energy harvesting

Synchronized switch Damping and HarvestingPrinciples of the new approach

Autonomous

High performances

Schema of energy transfer circuit with SSDH technique

and identification of the main functions.

Enhancing Vibration Damping of Smarts Structures by Energy Transfer between Modes

Wang Z, Jean-Mistral C , Chesné S and Gaudiller L, Applied Mechanics and Materials 201412

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

Energy harvesting

Synchronized switch Damping and HarvestingVarious operation principles

Constant intermediate voltages

Full charge transfer

Necessity of an accurate model to synchronize the switches.

13

Experimental identification of the modelConstruction of an experimental model

Identification of mechanical parameters using curve fitting approach

L1

PZT 2

PVDF 1 PVDF 2PZT 1

L2

La Ls LsL3

LT

Experimental identification of smart material coupling effects in composite structures

S, Chesné, C, Jean-Mistral, L, Gaudiller.. Smart Materials and Structures, 2013

Measured FRFReconstructed FRF

14

Length=40cmf1= 15,8Hzf2= 91,5Hz

Experimental identification of the modelConstruction of an experimental model

Indirect measurement of modal electromechanical coupling coefficients

Experimental identification of smart material coupling effects in composite structures

S, Chesné, C, Jean-Mistral, L, Gaudiller.. Smart Materials and Structures, 2013

For the PZT, high coupling:

2𝜋 ∗ ( 𝐶0[ 𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑜 2 − 𝑓𝑖

𝑐𝑐2] = 𝐵𝑖

𝑘

For the PVDF, very low coupling coefficient:

,,

, 2 21

( ) ,2

k lijk ln

ident ik l

i i i i

M eH s

s s

𝑀𝑖𝑘,𝑙𝑒𝑗∅𝑖

𝑘,𝑙

𝐵𝑖𝑘 = 𝐶𝑖

𝑙

15

The useless slide Vibration energyharvesting

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

L1

PZT 2

PVDF 1 PVDF 2PZT 1

L2

La Ls LsL3

LT

Structure

Global management

SSHI Buck-boost

SSDV

16

Simulation results

Bi harmonic excitation, Constant intermediate voltages Resulting voltages

PZT 2 Voltage, Modal SSHI on mode 2

L1

PZT 2

PVDF 1 PVDF 2PZT 1

L2

La Ls LsL3

LT

Vibration energyharvesting

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

17

≈2mm displacement

2 2.05 2.1 2.15-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Time(s)

Voltage (

V)

No Control

SSDH

q2

2.0423 2.0424 2.0425 2.0426 2.0427 2.0428 2.0429 2.043 2.0431 2.0432

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

Time(s)

Voltage (

V)

No Control

SSDH

q2

1.4 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.48 1.5 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.58-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Time (s)

Vo

ltag

e V

01 (

V)

No Control

modal SSDI

SSHD

q1

Simulation results

Bi harmonic excitation, Constant intermediate voltages Resulting voltages

L1

PZT 2

PVDF 1 PVDF 2PZT 1

L2

La Ls LsL3

LT

Vibration energyharvesting

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

18

≈2mm displacement

PZT 1 Voltage, Modal SSDV on mode 1

1.4 1.42 1.44 1.46 1.48 1.5 1.52 1.54 1.56 1.58-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

Time (s)

Vo

lta

ge

V0

1 (

V)

No Control

modal SSDI

SSHD

q1

1.5954 1.5956 1.5958 1.596 1.5962 1.5964 1.5966 1.5968-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Time (s)

Vo

lta

ge

V0

1 (

V)

Simulation results

Bi harmonic excitation, Constant intermediate voltages Resulting voltages

L1

PZT 2

PVDF 1 PVDF 2PZT 1

L2

La Ls LsL3

LT

Vibration energyharvesting

DC-DC converter

Vibration control

Energy transfer Energy transfer

Inversion factorSSDI: 0,745SSDH: 0,96

18

≈2mm displacement

PZT 1 Voltage, Modal SSDV on mode 1

Simulation resultsBi-harmonic excitation, Constant intermediate voltages

Modal state, mode1

2 2.05 2.1 2.15-2

-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5

2x 10

-4

Time (s)

q1 No Control

q1 SSDH

q1 SSDI

Amplitude reductionSSDI: -13,5dBSSDH: -26,7dB

19

Simulation resultsBi-harmonic excitation, Constant intermediate voltages

Modal state, mode2

Amplitude reductionSSDH: -6dB

2 2.05 2.1 2.15-1.5

-1

-0.5

0

0.5

1

1.5x 10

-5

Time (s)

q2 No Control

q2 SSDH

20

Theoretical Attenuation

SSDI ->14,5dB

SSDV ->27dB

SSDH -> 26,7dB

Simulation resultsComparison with theoretical SSDV / SSDI

Considering a voltage source of 2V (equivalent to our intermediate storage)

Analytical formulae are given for a 1DoF system : an equivalent modal model is used.

∅𝑇𝑀∅

∅𝑇

K∅𝑇

qi

∅𝑇F

Equivalent modal model.

21

Simulation resultsImpulse response

21

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1

x 10-3

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

Frequency (kHz)

Pow

er/

frequency (

dB

/Hz)

Welch Power Spectral Density Estimate

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2-1500

-1000

-500

0

500

1000

1500

Time

mV

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2-30

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Time (s)

V

Self-sustained excitationNecessity of an adaptive step (as SSDV)

-17dB

Sensor voltage

Actuator voltage

Energetic analysis

iLB(t)

Imax

t1t2

Step 1 Step 2

Perspectives

0 0.0005

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

Time (s)

Voltage (

V)

VB

V01

0 0.0002 0.00040

1

2

3

4

5

6

Time (s)

Vo

lta

ge

(V

)

V02

Vint

SSHI Buck Boost SSDVc

Mechanicalexcitation

Dissipatedenergy

1st & 2nd mode

? Steady state ?

2nd mode 1st mode

1st mode

i2

iLB

f1= 15,8Hzf2= 91Hz fbb= 10000Hz

Perspectives

Focusing + Harvesting

Structronic project

ConclusionsNew concept to enhance modal vibration damping thanks to energy transfer between modes.

Global optimization (mechanical & electrical)

Performances similar to SSDV (-27dB), without voltage source!

It highlights the interest of the association of smart functions (cf. Structronic project).

Multi modal harvesting.

Experimentation in progress

22

ConclusionsExperimentation in progress

0,0073 0,0016

Thank you.23