Teatri da cxovreba - Iverieli: Homedspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/128699/1/Teatri_Da...5 2015...

52015

Teatri da

cxovreba

warwera nodar gurabaniZis wignze:

genialuri tipebisnamdvili zedaxoraa:sesilia da veriko,SavguliZe da xoravaYyvela mkvdaria da am drossuyvela aris cocxali:axmeteli da vasaZe!marjaniSviliocxeli...kargia,nodar am wignebsSenc rom sxvebisgan ar iwer!Mmematianev namdvilo_ixare, gurabaniZev! tariel Wanturia

Cvens Jurnals ukveaqvs Tavisi veb-gverdi.

ikiTxeT Jurnali `Teatri da cxovreba~

misamarTze:

Teatri da

cxovrebamTavari redaqtoriguram

baTiaSvili

pasuxismgebeli mdivaninino

maWavariani

sakonsultacio sabWo:nodar

gurabaniZe,

daviT doiaSvili,

vasil kiknaZe,

irakli samsonaZe,

giorgi sixaruliZe,

robert sturua,

Temur CxeiZe

SemoqmedebiTi kavSiri - saqarTvelos Teatraluri sazogadoeba

1910-1926 `Teatri da cxovreba~`Teatraluri moambe~1950-1990

UDC 792(479.22)T-391

#5, 2015seqtemberi, oqtomberi

Jurnal ̀ Teatri da cxovrebis~ redaqcia

madlobas moaxsenebs saqarTvelos kultur-

isa da ZeglTa dacvis saministros Jurnalis

finansuri mxardaWerisTvis.

Giga Lortkifanidze’s return --------------------------------- 3

Nodar GurabanidZe - 85 ------------------------------------ 4

Emzar KvitaiSvili - The World not only ` in the Eye of

the theater-goer~ -------------------------------------------- 5

Nodar Gurabanidze - The World in the Eye of the

theater-goer --------------------------------------------------16

Giga Japharidze’s Star in Oni ------------------------------29

talk about Georgian theatrical criticism ---------------30

PERFORMANCES

Tea Kakhiani - The pain’s morphology -----------------37

Lasha Chkhartishvili -

about movie’s two Georgian

theatrical version About two versions

of Georgian theatrical movies ----------------------------41

Gubaz Megrelidze -

Dmanisi Theatre arised again ----------------------------48

Maka Vasadze -

Vazha- Pshavela’s story in Zugdidi Theatre ---------51

Lela Tsifuria - Synthesis of eternity and modernity on

the Tbilisi International Theatrical Festival -----------54

Vasil Kiknadze - 220 years of Theatre

transitioned on the myths ---------------------------------60

Nino Matchavariani - Griboedovi Theatre - 170 -----67

Mission of `Duruji~ ------------------------------------------71

National Drama Festival ----------------------------------- 72

Maia Kikabidze - The structure. Production and

criticism of modern independent television ----------82

giga lorTqifaniZis dabruneba ------------- 3nodar gurabaniZe_85 -------------------------4emzar kvitaiSvili _`samyaro ara mxolod Teatralis TvaliT~ ---------------------------5kolegebi ulocaven -------------------------- 10nodar gurabaniZe _ samyaro Teatralis TvaliT ---------------- 16

giga jafariZis varskvlavi onSi ----------- 29saubari qarTul Teatralur kritikaze - 30

speqtaklebiTea kaxiani _ `tkivilis morfologia~ -- 37laSa CxartiSvili _ kinofilmis ori Teatraluri versiis Sesaxeb --------------- 41gubaz megreliZe _ dmanisis Teatri kvlav aRorZinda --------------------------------------48maka vasaZe _ zugdidis TeatrSi gacocxlebuli vaJas moTxroba ------------51lela wifuria _ maradiulisa da Tanamedroveobis sinTezi Tbilisis saerTaSoriso Teatralur festivalze --54

vasil kiknaZe _ miTebSi gadasuli Teatris 220 weli ----------------------------- 60nino maWavariani _ griboedovis Teatri _ 170 ----------------- 67`durujis~ misia -------------------------------71 erovnuli dramaturgiis festivali ------72

dialogimaka vasaZe _ robert sturua: Tu gsurs mixvde, ra swrafad gadis dro, modi TeatrSi -----------------------------------------73

maia kikabiZe _ Tanamedrove damoukidebeli televiziis struqtura, warmoeba da kritika --------------------------82

#5 2015

Teatri da cxovreba 3

swored ase SeiZleba iTqvas imis Taobaze, rac im dRes _ 3 oqtombers elbaqiZis daR-marTze, patara skverSi xdeboda. giga lorTqifaniZisaTvis mSobliuri marjaniSvilis Tea-tris siaxloves daidga gamoCenili qarTveli reJisoris, saqarTvelos saxalxo artistis, rusTavelis premiis laureatis giga lorTqifaniZis biusti _ reJisorma Tavisi Teatris SemogarenSi daido bina.

biusti Seqmna da qalaqs saCuqrad gadasca gamoCenilma qarTvelma moqandakem da fer-mwerma zurab wereTelma.

biustis gaxsnis ceremoniali mihyavda reJisoris meuRles, respublikis saxalxo art-ists, rusTavelis premiis laureats qeTevan kiknaZes. cxadia, Relavda, daZabuli gaxl-daT, radgan elbaqiZis daRmarTis skverSi meuRle Semoegeba. q. kiknaZem uRrmesi madloba gadauxada Tbilisis mers b-n daviT narmanias, meriis TanamSromlebs im guliTadobisaTvis, romelsac reJisoris saxelis ukvdavsayofad gaweul SromaSi iCendnen. q. kiknaZes Tbili-sis meriis arc adrindeli xelmZRvaneli da TanamSromlebi daviwynia _ swored gamoCe-nili guliTadobisa da yuradRebis gamo.

gulTbili sityva warmoTqva, qarTul kulturaSi giga lorTqifaniZis Setanil Rvawlze isaubra qalaq Tbilisis merma daviT narmaniam: ̀ giga lorTqifaniZis Rvawli, dedaqalaqisa da qveynis winaSe, namdvilad, imsaxurebs amgvar dafasebas, Tumca, es yvelaferi simbolu-ria, gamomdinare iqidan, rom batoni giga lorTqifaniZis damsaxureba da misi Sroma Seu-fasebelia~.

giga lorTqifaniZe mravalmxrivi moRvawe, politikur, sazogado sarbielze damkvid-rebuli Semoqmedi gaxldaT. amitom mis Sesaxeb, rasakvirvelia, uwinaresad, Teatris da kinos moRvaweni saubrobdnen: mwerali revaz miSvelaZe, xelovnebaTmcodneobis doqtori, profesori vasil kiknaZe, respublikis saxalxo artisti Temur CxeiZe, kompozitori vaJa azaraSvili, poeti jansuR Carkviani, moqandakis da e. wereTeli, kinoreJisori eldar Sen-gelaia, rusTavis Teatris msaxiobi naTela muxuliSvili, sportuli mimomxilveli jam-let xuxaSvili da sxv.

giga lorTqifaniZis dabruneba

Teatri da cxovreba4

#5 2015

nodar gurabaniZe _ 85

qarTul TeatrmcodneobaSi nodar gurabaniZe sruliad gamorCeulia Tavi-si azrovnebiT, mxatvruli gemovnebiT, maxvilgonierebiT, farTo diapazoniTa da weris kulturiT. ra Temazec ar unda wer-des, yvelgan icavs maRal kriteriumebs. Teatralis TvaliT danaxuli misi sam-yaro gamoirCeva originaluri mxatvruli mignebebiT.

gansakuTrebulia nodar gurabaniZis damsaxureba Jurnal `xelovnebis~ mTavari redaqtorobis, gamomcemloba `xelovnebis~ xelmZRvanelobis periodSi, sadac bevri erovnuli mniSvnelobis saqme gakeTda.

Cven TiTqmis erTad gaviareT xangrZlivi cxovrebis gza. mas Semdeg, rac Teatralur institutSi SevxvdiT rogorc studentebi, 65 welze meti dro gavida...

marTla wuTi yofila wuTisofeli!...mTavaria, rom amaod ar garjila. Seqmna

SesaniSnavi mravalSviliani (oTxi) ojaxi, romelsac dedaburjad udgasG fiso yar-alaSvili.

nodar gurabaniZis asparezi moicavs Te-

atrmcodneobas, sazogado da saxelmwifo moRvaweobas.

sazogadoebrivi da profesiuli cxovre-biT mdidari Tavis 85 wlisTavs sportul formaSi Sexvda. misi wignebis TiTqmis um-ravlesobas gamovexmaure, magram verc am wigns avuare gverdi ara megobrobis, ar-amed profesiuli sindisisa da movaleobis gamo _ gamovida SesaniSnavi monografia `reJisori gizo Jordania~. monografia, rogorc ityvian, erTi amosunTqviT wa-vikiTxe. mixaria, rom wigni kidev erTxel gamoxatavs qarTuli Teatrmcodneobis ma-Ral dones da mis mniSvnelobas qarTuli Te-atris istoriisaTvis. swored aseTi wignebi uqmnian avtoritets Teatrmcodneobas, Cvens profesias aniWeben gansakuTrebul mniSvnelobas.

imaze meti ra unda vuTxra Cems megobars, rac ilia WavWavaZem uTxra vaso abaSiZes saiubileo TariRTan dakavSirebiT: `imxneve da iZliere!~.

vasil kiknaZe

`imxneve da iZliere~

gamoCenil qarTvel Teatrmcodnes, SoTa rusTavelis sax. erovnuli premiis laureats, profesor nodar gurabaniZes

Zvirfaso batono nodar,saqarTvelos Teatraluri sazogadoeba guliTadad mogesalmebaT Tqveni dabadebis 85-e

wlisTavze, rogorc qarTuli kulturis erT-erT gamoCenil moRvawes da Cvens megobars, pirovnebas, romelic xangrZlivi da nayofieri sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi didi ZalisxmeviT em-saxureba qarTul Teatrs.

Tqven tradiciulad gverdSi udgexarT qarTul Teatrs, rogorc misi Wirisa da lxinis gamziarebeli. araerTgzis iyaviT da xarT, gamovTqvamT survils, rom kvlavac iqnebiT, Cveni prezidiumis, gamgeobis, amaTuim komisiisa, Tu Jiuris Tavmjdomare. qarTveli mkiTxvelisa-Tvis, qarTuli sazogadoebrivi azris CamoyalibebisaTvis Zalze mniSvnelovania Tqvens mier dawerili wignebi Cveni Teatris reJisorebze, msaxiobebze.Aam wignebs gamoarCevs cincxali azrovneba, weris maRali kultura, Rrma erudicia, Tqveni keTilganwyoba. Jurnal `Teatri da cxovrebis~ furclebze dResac didi interesiT vkiTxulobT Tqveni Canawerebis wigns `samyaro Teatralis TvaliT~ Tqven erT-erTi imaTgani xarT, vinc qarTuli Teatrmcodneoba maRal pro-fesiul daneze aiyvana, es Tavisebureba cxadad vlindeba Tqvens wignebSi.

mravalJamier, batono nodar!saqarTvelos Teatraluri sazogadoeba

#5 2015


ymawvilobidanve mqonda miswrafeba asa-kiT Cemze didebTan siaxlovisa da es aravi-Tar uxerxulobas ar iwvevda; bevr maTgans davumegobrdi da gauxunari mogonebebic damrCa. nodar gurabaniZe xuTi wliTaa ufrosi da masTan yovelTvis uaRresad Tbi-li urTierToba mqonda. uzomo siamovnebas maniWebda da maniWebs misi esseebis, Teat-raluri STabeWdilebebis, monografiebis kiTxva, weris uzado stili, mravalmxrivi codna da naazrevis gadmocemis misabaZi _ uSualo da Znelad misaRwevi sisadave.

ganuxrelad mwamda _ yovlad SeuZlebe-lia, nodar gurabaniZes Tundac mcireodeni siyalbe dascdes; rac ar sjera, arasodes dawers; vinc qebis, pativiscemisa da siy-varulis Rirsia, yvelas jerovnad warmoa-Cens, vinc ukeTurebiTa da qvebudanobiT Seircxvina Tavi, arc imas daafarebs xels, sakadriss miuzRavs.

udides, SesaSur ganaTlebasTan Seza-vebuli Seumcdari gemovneba mis nawerebs mimzidvelad, gatacebiT sakiTxavs xdis, sulierad gamdidrebs da mudam uzomod kmayofili rCebi, rac Cem Tavze araerTgzis gamomicdia.

sami saucxoo monografia _ `reJisori robert sturua~ (1998), `fantastikuri ram-az CxikvaZe~ (2004) da `mixeil TumaniSvilis Teatri~ (2009) Zvirfasma nodarma adreve misaxsovra. maTSi qarTuli Teatris am ko-rifeebis ganumeorebeli samyaro, marTlac, mTeli siRrmiT, feradovnebiTaa ganfenili, WeSmariti xelovnebis Zalasa da madls ga-grZnobinebs. axlaxan gamovida misi axali monografia gamorCeuli xelwerisa da Seu-bRalavi zneobis reJisorze, gizo Jordani-aze, romelsac, imedia, male gavecnobi.

yovelgvari paTeturobisa da gadaWarbe-bis gareSe minda vTqva, iSviaTad wamikiTxavs iseTi piruTvneli, moqnilad dawerili da STambeWdavi mogonebebis wigni, rogoric gaxlavT nodar gurabaniZis `Cemi cxovre-bis Teatri~ (2006), romelmac Cveni yofis Soreuli Tu axlo warsulis dReebi gamic-ocxla, gardasuli epoqis surneli mZafrad magrZnobina, bevr rameze sxvagvarad dama-fiqra.

am wignis furclebze ostaturad, iu-veliris sifaqiziT aris aRbeWdili uam-ravi adamianis saxe, vinc avtors cxovrebis grZelsa da rTul gzaze Sexvedria. maTi um-

etesoba sikeTiskenaa midrekili da gulT-bilad gaxsenebas imsaxurebs, magram aqa-iq gakrTebian dabadebiTve cilismwameblebi, profesionali dambezReblebi, sisxls rom uSrobdnen, sicocxles umwarebdnen irgv-liv myofT. maT mimarT nodar gurabaniZe sakmaod daundobelia, vinaidan ar ZaluZs, simarTles uRalatos.

Seunelebeli eqspresiiTaa daxatuli omisdroindeli wlebi, roca sanaxaobas danatrebuli axalgazrdoba e.w. `trafeini~ filmebs TvalebiT nTqavda, netarebas gan-icdida. imaT Soris yvelaze popularuli da saamo `mziuri velis serenada~ iyo.

nodar gurabaniZe mogviTxrobs, ymawvi-lobaSi da Semdgomac fexburTis rogori Tavgadakluli motrfiale yofila da ram-denjer Sesula mayurebliT gadaWedil, agu-gunebul stadionze daxatuli, nafleTe-bisgan Sekowiwebuli bileTiT. aseT uwyinar siyalbes, biWobisas, arc me da Cemi Tana-tolebi vTakilobdiT.

winamdebare mogonebebSi igi yrud, ori-ode sityviT moixseniebs daujerebel, gulisSemZrav ambavs, roca akaki xoravas saxlSi gardacvlili, erTaderTi vaJis cx-edari esvena da am dros speqtaklSi `didi xelmwife~ ivane mrisxanes roli unda eTama-Sa, radganac gamocxadebuli premieris sxva dRisaTvis gadatana xelisuflebis mier akrZaluli iyo da sastikad isjeboda. Zneli warmosadgeni ar aris, nebisyofis ra daZabva mouxdeboda genialur msaxiobs, rogor dae-fliTeboda nervebi (scenazec Svilis ku-bos dahyurebda), rom aseT jojoxeTur sa-tanjvelSi Cavardnils egzom rTuli roli ganesaxierebina. es ambavi Tavad Seqspiris yvelaze tragikuli piesebis siuJetSi Ca-jdeboda, imdenad amaRelvebeli da drama-tulia. misi gaZleba da wonasworobis Senar-Cuneba adamianis SesaZleblobebs aRemateba.

yovlad SeuZlebeli iyo, nodar gura-baniZis mogonebebis wignSi adgili ar daT-moboda akaki xoravas did sexnias, misi uRlis gamwevs, uzarmazari niWisa da kul-turis msaxiobs, gardasaxvaTa ubadlo os-tats akaki vasaZes da es asec moxda.

gulisSemZvreli intrigebis gamo rus-Tavelis Teatridan wasul akaki vasaZes uTqvams: `sulac gavSli erT patara fard-ags Cemi saxlis sadarbazos win da iq daviw-yeb TamaSs. sxva, araferi mWirdeba~.

ara mxolod `Teatralis TvaliT~emzar kvitaiSvili

Teatri da cxovreba6

#5 2015

am sityvebiT SeZruli nodar gurabaniZe sinanuls ver malavs da iqve dasZens:

`visac akaki vasaZe gogolis `SeSlilis werilebSi~ unaxavs, dameTanxmeba, rom mas marTlac, àraferi sWirdeboda~, imdenad mdidar aqtiorul xerxebs flobda da ise Rrma iyo misi SemoqmedebiTi samyaro. SeSli-lis TeTr perangSi gaxveuli, scenaze marto mdgari akaki vasaZe saswaulebs axdenda. igi gmiris avadmyofur xilvebs mouxelTebeli Sinagani logikiT aerTebda da molandebebs realobad aqcevda.

bolos da bolos, Teatric xom ararse-bulis, gamonagonis xelaxla gamogoneba da realobad qcevaa, anu rogorc piter bruki ityoda _ Teatri ùxilavis xilulad gar-damqmnelia~.

mis cxovrebaSi zemoT naxsenebma am uecarma da sasikeTo Semobrunebam alalad aTqmevina memuarebis avtorsL `Teatri Cemi cxovreba da bediswera yofila. swored Te-atrma momca imis saSualeba, rom momevlo TiTqmis mTeli msoflio, menaxa xelovnebis uamravi Sedevri, Sevxvedrodi da mecxovra uniWieresi adamianebis gverdiT, romelTa-gan zogi geniosic kia~.

nodar gurabaniZe bevrgan aRniSnavs, Tu ra guliTadi megobroba aqvs mas qarTuli Teatris istoriis saukeTeso mkvlevar-ebTan, Tavis TanamokalmesTan vasil kiknaZ-esTan, visac qarTuli poeziac Zalian uy-vars.

erTxel, vasos kabinetSi, ideologiuri direqtivebiT gaRizianebul nodars mil-ionobiT adamianis damRupvelis, saZulveli maniaki leninis TabaSiris qandakeba Semoem-sxvra. dafeTebuli Zmakacebi (amis gaxmaure-bas rac mohyveboda, kargad icodnen), Zirs dayril namsxvrevebs danayaven da CanTebiT malulad gazidaven.

es skandaluri SemTxveva didostaturad gamoiyena am zafxuls mSobliur TelavSi uecrad gardacvlilma da iqve dakrZal-ulma Cvenma uniWieresma romanistma zaira arseniSvilma, rac Tavad nodarsac aqvs aR-niSnuli.

nodar gurabaniZis marTalze marTali wignidan imden axalsa da sainteresos igeb, yvelafris ubralod CamoTvlac ki gagi-Wirdeba. mogonebaTa avtorebi warsuls xSirad alamazeben, TavianTi Tavi wmind-anebad gamohyavT, aq ki yvelas da yvelafers Tavisi adgili aqvs miCenili. aseTi, bo-lomde SenarCunebuli gulaxdiloba, Cvens gaukuRmarTebul droSi sanatrelia.

rogor miukerZoeblad ixateba, magali-

Tad, Cveni saukeTeso kompozitoris, oTar TaqTaqiSvilis portreti, misi esoden momxiblavi adamianuri Tvisebebi, cxovre-bis wesi iSviaTi pirovnebisa, vinc urTules pirobebSi, TiTqmis oci wlis manZilze saxelovnad uZRveboda kulturis saminis-tros da yvelafers akeTebda, raTa aravin daCagruliyo. nodar gurabaniZe arc imas malavs, rom zogjer ambiciebi moeZaleboda _ Tavisi opera `mindia~ zaqaria faliaSvi-lis àbesalom da eTerze~ naklebad ar mi-aCnda. isic ar damaviwydeba, sakmao riskis fasad, ra qomagoba gauwia man usafuZvlod aTvalwunebul, operaSi gaCenil xanZarze borotad eWvmitanil genialur qarTvel mocekvaves vaxtang Wabukians. aseTi magal-iTebi wignSi mravladaa warmodgenili.

Cemi megobris, gamoCenili msaxiobis da Zalze niWieri mwerlis giorgi xarabaZis-gan momismenia, rogor cdilobda guneba-wamxdari oTar TaqTaqiSvili rusTavelis TeatrSi CaTesili urTierTqiSpobis gan-muxtvas.

nodar gurabaniZe TviT yvelaze gamaR-izianebel adamiansac ar ukargavs, Tuki raime sikeTe hqonda gakeTebuli. magali-Tad, sxvadasxva sapasuxismgeblo Tanamde-bobebze momuSave, metismetad energiuli partiuli muSaki oTar egaZe drodadro exmareboda, bevrs rameSi xels uwyobda ax-algazrdebs, magram niadag intrigebSi iyo gaxlarTuli. es uTuod Crdils ayenebs mis saxels.

Seulamazeblad wers nodar gurabaniZe arcTu saxarbielo warsulis mqone cnobil mweralze (`ciskarSi~ me misi redaqtorobis dros daviwye muSaoba da, araerTi usiam-ovnebis garda, kargi rameebis gaxsenebac SemiZlia), konstantine lorTqifaniZeze.

memuarebis avtori Tavidan savsebiT obieqturad aRniSnavs: `roca igi msjelo-bas iwyebda literaturaze, es iyo niWieri, ukiduresad maxvili Tvalis Semoqmedis saubrebi. mas SeeZlo sruliad axleburad warmoeCina ama Tu im mxatvruli nawar-moebis Taviseburebani. me misi madlieri viyavi. `ciskarSi~ swored misi dakveTiT gamovaqveyne ramdenime statia (`cekvaSi gancdili Seqspiri~, vaxtang Wabukianis baletze òtelo~, `jorj balanCinis qore-ografia~, àbsurdis Teatri~ da sxv). Zalze yuradRebiT da gulTbilad mepyroboda.~

am garemoebas xeli ar SeuSlia nodar gurabaniZisaTvis, gaemxila erTi aRmaS-foTebeli saqcieli, rasac igi Tavad Ses-wrebia. moxda ise, rom rusTavelis premiaze

#5 2015


erTad iyvnen wardgenilebi konstantine lorTqifaniZe da revaz margiani (maTTanve kenWs iyrida giorgi leoniZe, rac bedis dacinvas gavs). konstantine lorTqifan-iZe daurideblad Sevardnia revaz margians kabinetSi da ultimatumi wauyenebia, Seni kandidatura axlave unda moxsna, premia me unda miviRoo (batoni konstantine ar malavda, rom jildoebisken avadmyofuri ltolva hqonda). `meranis~ direqtors, miuxedavad ganawyenebisa, mSvidad upasux-nia, vinc gaimarjvebs, premia iman unda mii-Roso. amaze mTlad gacecxlebula momxdu-ri. ufro xmamaRla ayvirebula: `rezo, Sen xom ici, mgeli var, mgeli! gzaze rom Cemi Svili gogia gadamidges, imas SevWam, imitom, rom mgeli var da mogspob icode!~.

amis gamgone nodar gurabaniZe gancvi-frebula, arafriT ar megona, premiis gamo aseTi samkvdro-sasicocxlo Sejaxeba Tu gaimarTebodao. didad gasakviri ar iyo es ambavi. baton konstantines kargad vicnobdi da vicodi, im premias, cocxali TaviT, ar-avis dauTmobda, Tumca, rogorc mivaniSne, maSin premiaze giorgi leoniZis Sedevric, `natvris xe~ iyo wardgenili. imave xanebSi, premiebis gacemis kviraZalze, `ciskris~ redaqciaSi gaveSebuli, aqloSinebuli kon-stantine lorTqifaniZe SemoiWra, saxeze aWarxlebuli iyo. etyoboda, Jiuris wevrebi axali awiokebuli Tu damunaTebuli hyavda. Tvalebs SeSliliviT Strimavda (gurulebis gamoTqmaa). porTfeli rom dado da cotaTi dawynarda, TanamSromlebs mogvitrialda: `sad gagonila! me, namdvili prozaikosi asoamogdebuli (is sasircxvo sityva ix-mara, magram gameorebas moveridebi) dav-rCe da rusTavelis premia Tavisi bavSvobis mogonebaSi gogla leoniZes miakuTvnon, amas ranairad Sevurigdebio. magan ikmaros, rac stalinuri premiebi moboWao. giorgi leoniZes maSin erTi wlis sicocxle hqonda darCenili da is premia konstantine lorT-qifaniZes xvda, xolo ̀ natvris xe~ _ ukvdavi wigni, qarTuli prozis margaliti, poetis gardacvalebis Semdeg dajildovda.

Tanamedroveebze naTqvami imdeni keTili da mozomili sityva, nodar gurabaniZis mogonebebsa Tu sxva nawerebSi romaa gab-neuli, aravisTan wamikiTxavs. amave dros, rogorc zemoT aRvniSne, igi arc imaT gak-icxvasa da mxilebaze ikavebs Tavs, romelT-ac qveynisa Tu pirovnebaTa mimarT saZraxi-si saqcieli aqvT Cadenili.

nodar gurabaniZe damsaxurebas ar ukar-gavs cnobil, Zalze Rrmad ganswavlul

musikaTmcodnes anton (tatuli) wulukiZ-es, magram mixvev-moxvevis gareSe gadagviS-lis ucnauri, ulogiko SexedulebebiT gajerebul mis winaaRmdegobriv, Znelad Sesaguebel xasiaTs.

nodar gurabaniZes bevri ram akavSireb-da anton wulukiZesTan, visac erTob did adgils uTmobs wignSi. igi saukeTeso in-teligentur ojaxsa da garemoSi gaizarda, ymawvilobisas gansacvifrebel monacemebs amJRavnebda, rogorc pianisti, `musikis vunderkinds~ eZaxdnen Turme, ucxoel kom-pozitorTagan vagners eTayvaneboda, rusi kompozitorebidan prokofievsa da Sosta-koviCs aniWebda upiratesobas.

siymawvileSi daukavSirda saqarTve-los gaTavisuflebisaTvis axalgazrda mebrZolTa kavSirs, megobrobda upati-osnes pirovnebasTan, literator mirian abulaZesTan da masTan erTad amohyo cixeSi Tavi. iq, wamebis miuxedavad, ar gamtydara, yvelaze meti nebisyofa gamoiCina, aravin gaucia, moixada patimroba.

nodar gurabaniZe marTlac rom misabaZi ostatobiT xatavs im adamianTa mcire, dasa-maxsovrebel portretebs, cxovrebis gzaze rom gadayria da TavianTi pirovnebiT say-uradReboni yofilan. erTi maTgania mTeli TbilisisTvis sayvareli da enamaxvilobiT gamorCeuli, samwuxarod, loTobisken mid-rekili, mudam pewianad Cacmuli niaz di-asamiZe, romelic oTar egaZes Jurnal `sab-WoTa xelovnebaSi~ samuSaod miuRia. iqvea naTqvami, rom am kacs `sCveoda xolme vaJka-curi da keTilSobiluri Jestis gakeTeba~.gaxsenebulia niazis mravalmxrivi niWier-ebac. man male auRo alRo Jurnalis speci-fikas, patar-patara, xalisiT sakiTxavi masalebis werac dauwyia, smac miutovebia, loTobisgan daforaJebuli saxec dawmendia da am dros redaqciaSi samadlod miRebul erT lazRandaras borotad gauqilikebia niazi, gana ar vici, werilebs nodar gura-baniZe da Tengiz janeliZe rom giwereno. yovlad usafuZvlod Seuracxyofil niazs simwrisagan erTi sawylad CauRimia, Tanam-Sromlebs zrdilobianad gamomSvidobebia, wasula da aRarc mibrunebula samsaxurSi, kvlav loToba dauwyia, ramac sabolood imsxverpla. ase damRupvelad SeiZleba imo-qmedos RvarZliani kacis naTqvamma.

kidev ufro xelSesaxebi, gamokveTilia uniWieresi mxatvrisa da didad sasiam-ovno, gulRia adamianis, Wabua amirejibisa da zurab niJaraZis sisxliT naTesavis (igi didi mouravis, giorgi saakaZis pirdapiri

Teatri da cxovreba8

#5 2015

STamomavalic gaxldaT) revaz Tarxan-mouravis saxe, visac aseve alkoholisadmi zedmetma miZalebam mouswrafa sicocxle. igi mogonebaTa avtors literaturis in-stitutis TanamSromel, qarTuli poeziis Tavgadaklulad moyvarul qica xerxeuliZ-esTan erTad, megobrul sufraze gaucvnia. mere, roca Tarxan-mouravis Zalze Tavise-buri linograviurebi da sxva namuSevrebic unaxavs (farTo diapazonis Semoqmedi did, ulamazes pirovnebasac xatavda), Zalian moswonebia da daaxloebia. uwesrigo, bohe-muri cxovrebis mimdevari, uzomod keTili, alali mxatvari (igi bevri ramiT mogagoneb-daT avTo varazs), ramdenime winadadebiT, uwyinari iumoristuli StrixebiT ise cocx-lad aris daxatuli, es ucnauri garegnobisa da ukompromiso principebis mqone upatios-nesi pirovneba, umal Tvalwin dagidgebaT:

`Cvens sufraze Zalze koloritulad gamoiyureboda rezo Tarxan-mouravi, uCveulod simpaTiuri, Zalze momxiblavi, miuxedavad imisa, rom tanad patara iyo, gamxdari, susti (Tumca krivSic varjiSob-da da `zemelze~ Tavisi saxlis did, grZel galereaSi e.w. savarjiSo `msxali~ ekida da imas dauSenda xolme tyavisxelTaTmanian muStebs). Zalze koxta Tavi hqonda, Tumca, uzarmazari yurebi da cxviric sirano de berJerakis (am raindisa da menestrelis) cx-virs ar Camouvardeboda. ambobdnen, rezo Tarxan-mouravi jarSi rom gaiwvies, saeqimo komisiam daiwuna. erT eqims uTqvams xumro-biT: am biWs didi mouravis marto cxviri da yurebi SerCeniao.

yvelas uyvarda, Seudareblad guluxvi iyo, kapiks ar daitovebda saxvaliod, ami-tomac sul ufulod iyo. socialisturi realizmis esTetikiT `tvindasetyvilebs~ gvaocebda misi msjeloba mxatvrebze, saer-Tod mxatvrobaze. originaluri xedva hqon-da da yvelaferze Tavisi damoukidebeli azris gamoTqma uyvarda.

Zalze meama, roca mogonebaTa furclebi-dan Cveni usayvarlesi nika agiaSvilis spe-takma saxem SemomanaTa. igic, iseve, rogorc Salva demetraZe, alio adamia, SoTa niSnian-iZe, murman qoiava da sxvebi, gamomcemloba `literatura da xelovnebaSi~ gaucvnia nodar gurabaniZes da ise unaklod, sru-lyofilad hyavs daxasiaTebuli, Tavad ba-toni nika samudamod madlieri darCeboda: `me gansakuTrebiT davuaxlovdi nika agiaS-vils, am daxvewil, mosiyvarule, moridebul da Taviseburad artistul kacs. uamravi ram icoda da uamravi ram axsovda. rasakvirve-

lia, me vicnobdi mis mSvenier biografiul romans servantesze, mis araCveulebriv wigns `Wabukebi darCnen marad~ da mis sxva nawerebsac, magram sinamdvileSi igi ufro Rrma da saintereso pirovneba aRmoCnda. garegnuladac mSvenieri Sesaxedavi iyo, saS-ualoze odnav maRali, Txeli, welgamarTu-li, rogorc amboben xolme, mwyazari saxiT. uceb migizidavda da axloblad gagrZnob-inebda Tavs. TeTri Tma koxtad hqonda dav-arcxnili da mxolod fafanaki aklda Tavze, rom namdvil imerels damsgavseboda. iSvia-Ti moqarTule da stilisti iyo. laparakob-da xmadabla, hqonda iumoris grZnoba, ver itanda medroveebsa da karieristebs, Tumca Tavis grZnobebs iSviaTad amxelda. yvela pativiscemiTa da ridiT eqceoda, magram Tavis sasargeblod arasodes gamouyenebia ZlierTa ama qveynisaTa keTilganwyobileba (magaliTad, irakli abaSiZis). yvelafers iwerda, Tumca saocari mexsiereba hqonda. mis mier Cawerili qarTvel poetTa funago-riebi unikaluria. saintereso ram maCvena erTxel _ Senaxuli hqonda yvela mosawvevi baraTi (sxvaTa Soris, ase inaxavda yve-lafers rusuli avangardistuli poeziis cnobili mkvlevari nikoloz xarjievi _ e.k.). am baraTebze TiTo miniaturuli ambavi iyo moTxrobili _ vin eswreboda saRamos, vin ra Tqva, ra ixumra, rogor moiqca, ra kuriozi moxda. apirebda maT gamoqveynebas saTauriT `minawerebi mosawvev baraTebze,~ rac Cveni kulturuli cxovrebis erTgvar matianed SeiZleboda qceuliyo~.

SeuZlebelia dagaviwydes nodar gura-baniZis madliani kalmiT daxatuli (igi yov-elTvis Rrmad wvdeba adamianTa xasiaTs, Si-nagan samyaros) polikarpe kakabaZis, kolau nadiraZis, demna Sengelaias, aleqsandre quTaTelis, karlo kalaZis, revaz margianis da sxvaTa portretebi.

aseve mimzidvelad gamoiyureba megobar mxatvarTa da moqandakeTa (merab berZen-iSvili, elguja amaSukeli, juna miqataZe, zurab leJava, nodar malazonia, zurab ka-panaZe da sxvebi) galerea.

TAvisi Tanamdebobrivi mdgomareobi-sa (kulturis ministris pirveli moad-gileoba, Jurnal `sabWoTa xelovnebis~ redaqtoroba...) da sulieri moTxovnilebis gamo, nodar gurabaniZes xelovnebis yvela dargis warmomadgenlebTan mWidro mego-bruli urTierToba hqonda. Tavisuflad grZnobda Tavs kompozitorTa wreSi, bevrs werda maTze, magram gundruks rodi ukmevda Tu rame ar moewoneboda romelime maTganis

#5 2015


xasiaTsa da saqcielSi, yovelTvis daufara-vad, magram taqtianad aRniSnavda. yvelaze axlos mainc Teatris samyarosTan (re-Jisorebi, msaxiobebi, sxvadasxva ansamblTa xelmZRvanelebi, lotbarebi...) iyo, araerTi monografia da werili miuZRvna maT, magram aqac, rogorc yovelTvis, sasikeTo wevre-bis, msoflio mniSvnelobis warmatebaTa danaxvis gverdiT, arc Crdilovan mxareebs, wvrilmani adamianuri kaprizebis gamovle-nas tovebda uyuradRebod.

movelodi da didad gavixare, rom nodar gurabaniZis memuarebSi sul sxva Saravand-ediT aris Semosili qarTuli folkloris ubadlo amagdari, legendad qceuli ar-tem erqomaiSvilis SviliSvili, erT-erTi yvelaze saxelmoxveWili ansamblis `rus-Tavis~ damaarsebeli da xelmZRvaneli an-zor erqomaiSvili, visTan erTadac nodarma msoflios mravali qveyana moiara.

bednierebaa, rodesac kacze, mis mo-qalaqeobriv gmirobaze guliT daweril anTebul striqonebs waikiTxav da Tanac es mTel gverdebze grZeldeba.

rusTavelis Teatri da ansambli `rus-Tavi~ erTad iyvnen amerikaSi sagastrolod. brodveize Catarebuli koncertis Semdeg anzors Teatris msaxiobebi da qarTve-li emigrantebi dilis wirvaze miuwvevia ukrainul marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi, sa-dac ansamblis wevrebma cxra aAprils daRu-pulTa sulebis mosaxsenieblad imReres. maSindeli STabeWdilebis gadmosacemad mozrdili amonaweri unda movitano: `... me vxedavdi, rogor usveldebodaT cremliT saxeebi morwmune adamianebs, miuxedavad maTi erovnuli warmomavlobisa. es gaakeTa qarTulma simReram, Torem Cveni trage-diis ambavi xeirianad arc ki icodnen ek-lesiaSi Tavmoyrilma morwmuneebma. maSin mivxvdi, rom anzoris uCveulo ruduneba qarTuli folklorisadmi sxva araferia, Tu ara zrunva Cveni sulebis gadarCenisa-Tvis. aseTi maRali zneobrivi mizani war-marTavs mTel mis moRvaweobas. mas SeuZlia ukanaskneli groSebi gaiRos, TviTon uluk-mapurod darCes da sxvas gauwodos daxmare-bis uangaro xeli. espaneTSi, magaliTad, mas TavisTvis araferi SeuZenia. mTeli hono-rari gadaixada avadmyofi rezo laRiZis wamlebisaTvis. miambes, rom germaniaSi ukve nayidi manqana meore dRes ukan daabruna, raTa erTi rusTaveli megobrisaTvis gulis operacia gaekeTebinaT~.

nodar gurabaniZe, cxadia, arc imas iviw-yebs Tu rogor meurveobda genialuri xmis

momRerals hamlet gonaSvils (sicocxleSi da gardacvalebis merec) anzor erqomaiS-vili, ramdens zrunavda, rom ansambl `rus-TavSi~ qarTveli orfeosis talanti sru-lad gaSliliyo.

am wignidanve gavige, rom hamleti Tav-dapirvelad Teatralur institutSi swav-lobda, samsaxiobo fakultetze, iq bevri veraferiT gamoiCina Tavi. misi RvTaebrivi niWi SeamCnia gamoCenilma swavlulma, axal-gazrda xelovanTa dauRalavma qomagma mix-eil kveselavam, daarwmuna, msaxioboba misi saqme rom ar iyo, daexmara konservatoriaSi gadasuliyo da ase gadagvirCina amodena saunje. kinostudiaSi rasac akeTebda, es calkea saTqmeli.

sad ar xlebia nodar gurabaniZe rus-Tavelis Teatrsa da ansambl `rusTavs~, magram etyoba, espaneTSi yofnas sxvanair gemos atanda. erTgan aRwerilia qalaq san-tenderSi Catarebuli, didi warmatebiT Cavlili daskvniTi koncertis Semdeg, ham-let gonaSvilis fantastikuri simReriT Tavbrudaxveuli ulamazesi Sotlandieli qalebi (Tavadac saucxoo momRerlebi), rogor moiWrnen sastumroSi, gars Semoex-vivnen hamlets da yelze kocnidnen, ki-naRam gaugudavT. gauTavebeli alersisgan aforiaqebuls wamouZaxnia: `momaSoreT es gogoebi, ZarRvebSi wyali ki ar midgaso.~

yvelaze Zlieri mainc wignis is, sun-TqvisSemkvreli da aRtacebis momgvreli adgilebia (yvelas vurCevdi maT wakiTxvas, vinaidan citireba ramdenime gverdze gadai-Wimeboda), sadac dasuraTebulia espanelTa gamaognebeli, cecxlovani cekva `fla-menko~ da Cveni rainduli TavdaWerilobiT moTokili `qarTuli~ vizualurad aris Sepirispirebuli maTi ritmi da plastika, raSic ori uZvelesi eris gansxvavebuli xa-siaTi vlindeba.

nodar gurabaniZes mravalgan araCveule-brivi STagonebiT aqvs gadmocemuli sazR-vargareT nanaxi speqtaklebidan gancdili uSualo STabeWdilebebi da amas ise cocx-lad, Zaldautaneblad akeTebs, SegrZneba giCndeba, im speqtaklebs Sen TviTonac es-wrebi. aseTia ingliseli reJisoris stiven berkofis mier gamaognebeli ZaliT, sruli-ad axali, uaRresad Tamami reJisoruli xerxebiT da gadawyvetiT xorcSesxmuli franc kafkas erT-erTi saukeTeso romani `procesi~ (`tipiuri avangardistuli dadg-ma~).

diuseldorfis dramatuli Teatris ge-neral-intendantTan giunTer belicTan

Teatri da cxovreba10

#5 2015

nodar gurabaniZes xelSekruleba hqonda gaformebuli, rom diuseldorfisa da Tbi-lisis TeatrTa speqtaklebis paritetuli gacvla momxdariyo _ zaarbriukenSi sagas-trolod Casuli rusTavelis Teatri Tavis dadgmas warmoadgenda, xolo diuseldor-fis Teatri TbilisSi ̀ process~ Camoitanda.

samwuxarod, kulturaTa daaxlovebis am keTilSobilur Canafiqrs aRsruleba ar ewera, zaarbriukenSi, banketze myofi nodar gurabaniZe sabWoTa saelCos warmo-madgenlebma, orma zonzroxma, erTnair nac-risfer kostiumSi gamowyobilma `kagebeS-nikma~, gverdiT oTaxSi gaixmo. advili warmosadgenia, rogor gunebaze dadgeboda igi (es `siurprizi~ Tavad gafiTrebulma giunTer belicma amcno stumars). `kagebes~ sad aRar miuwvdeboda rvafexasaviT wagrZelebuli sacecebi. im mogzavnilma ax-maxebma Savi dRe daawies nodar gurabaniZes _ rogor gabede aseTi rame, axlave Secvale xelSekruleba, germanelebma `procesi~ TbilisSi Tu Camoitanes, maSin iZulebuli gavxdebiT igi moskovSic vaCvenoT, sakav-Siro `ceka~ ki amisi kategoriuli winaaRm-degiao. amgvarad daakargvines Tbilisel mayurebels unikaluri SesaZlebloba gen-ialuri speqtaklis naxvisa. aseTi SemTxveve-bi im dros erTi da ori rodi iyo.

aTasnairi xrikebisa da xelovnuri bari-erebis momwyob `goskoncerts~ nodar gura-baniZe sruliad samarTlianad uwodebs kagebeSnikur organizacias; maTi Sefebi bev-rjer hyavs memuarebis avtors mxilebuli, saaSkaraoze gamoyvanili. magaliTad, sakav-Siro kulturis ministris pirvel moadg-iles, vinme i. popovs nodar gurabaniZisTvis TiTi dauqnevia, gaRizianebuls uTqvams _ federaciul germaniasTan Tqveni romani rodis gaTavdebao. cinizmi amaze Sors Zne-lad Tu wava.

saJurnalo werilis SezRuduli mocu-lobis gamo, ZiriTadad nodar gurabaniZis erTi wignis (`Cemi cxovrebis TEeatri~) STa-beWdilebaTa gadmocemiT Semovifargle, rac mcirea imasTan SedarebiT, ris Tqmasac vapirebdi niWis ubereblobaze.

nodar gurabaniZis STagonebiT ganaTe-bul umSvenieres nawerebs roca kiTxulob, SeuZlebelia ar irwmuno meoce saukunis didi frangi filosofosis uak maritenis naTqvami, rom Semecnebisken da ara praq-tikuli saqmianobis, keTildReobisken mimarTuli WvretiTi goneba aniWebs ada-mians srul da usazRvro kmayofilebas RmerTis arsebis intuiciuri wvdomisa da igi aziarebs WeSmaritebiT tkbobas.

aseT RvTaebriv madlTan wilnayarobas miCveuli var da yovelTvis velodebi Cemi ufrosi megobrisgan. TviTon misTvisac bevrjer miTqvams da vimeoreb _ nodar gurabaniZis STabeWdilebaTAa veeba cikli `samyaro Teatralis TvaliT~ (maTi umrav-lesoba dasrulebuli, unatifesi essee-bia da amJamadac grZeldeba) uzarmazar siamovnebas, umaRles netarebas mgvris. es aramcdaramc araa Cveulebrivi, saxeldax-elo Canawerebi, arc mxolod `Teatralis Tvali~. maTSi Cans uzarmazari ganaTleba da daxvewili, aristokratiuli gemovneba _ poeziis, mxatvrobis, qandakebis, arqite-qturis, musikis, istoriis, filosofiis, sxva dargebis zedmiwevniTi codna da sul vnatrob, isini calke wignebad gamosuli vixilo.

isedac (Sesaferisi qvelmoqmedi rom ga-moCndebodes), Zalze sasurveli da saS-uria nodar gurabaniZis mravaltomeulis gamocema. maSin igi mTeli simaRliT, siR-rmiT warsdgeba rogorc TanamedroveTa, aseve STamomavalTa winaSe.

nodar gurabaniZe aris adamiani, romelmac Teatrze kiTxva damawyebina. misma statiebma 70-iani wlebis qarTul JurnalebSi Teatri Tavidan aRmomaCenina. ufro sworad, cnobier-ad. (es batoni nodarisTvis ratomRac arasdros miTqvams da albaT, gaukvirdeba). velode-bodi mis werilebs, wignebs, Canawerebs. saxlSi es yvelaferi ar gveleoda. Cemi mSoblebi icnobdnen. uyvardaT. pativs scemdnen. avtoriteti hqonda. hqonda saxeli. misi xedvisa da gemovnebis sjerodaT. araordinaruli pirovnebaa bevri TvisebiTa da mizeziT. cxovrebis wesiTac. dRes SemiZlia Tavs ufleba mivce da vTqva - megobrebi varT.

yvelafrisTvis didi madloba, batono nodar! lela oCiauri

marTlac, daujerebelia, imdenad Sinaganad axalgazrdaa, dResac, batoni nodari... mudam aCqarebuli metyvelebis manera, mudam atacebuli imiTi, razec Tavis studentebs

gvesaubreboda... arada mosayoli Zalian bevri hqonda, vinaidan im droisTvis – 1974–75

#5 2015


batoni nodar gurabaniZis pirovneba yovelTvis asocirdeba: keTilSobilebasTan, sikeTesTan, udides profesionalizmTan.

misi saxeli imdenad Zvirfasia TeatrmcodneTa mravali TaobisTvis, rom Cemi jer gamou-qveynebeli moTxrobis gmiricaa.

sadac ar unda viyo, rasac ar unda vakeTebde, yovelTvis vgrZnob udides pasuxismge-blobas didebuli pirovnebebis: vasil kiknaZisa da nodar gurabaniZis winaSe.

maTi sulierebis gamonaSuqi cxovrebas dResac imediTa da rwmeniT miciskrovnebs.batoni nodaris damsaxurebaa albaT isic, Tu dRemde raRacas vqmni da vwer.es man miwinaswarmetyvela didi warmateba literaturis sarbielze, roca pirvel kursze

sakurso naSromi warvadgine.vusurveb didxans sicocxles, janmrTelobas, ulev sixaruls ojaxTan da axloblebTan

erTad.dali cekvava

batonma nodar gurabaniZem msoflio Teatraluri kuluarebis fanjara pirvelma gauRo Tavis studentebs. rusTavelis Teatris mudmiv megzurs sazRvargareTis qveynebSi, Tavis-Tavadi mkveTri niWiT da saintereso TxrobiT naTeli Semoqonda nacrisfer sinamdvileSi. yvelasaTvis misabaZi pewiT, Cacmis stiliT da cxovrebis wesiT, mZlavri Sinagani ZaliT, mkveTrad gamoxatuli individualobiT pedagogi da erTguli megobari Taobis simbolod iqca. misiT aRfrTovanebuli studentebi da ara marto studentebi, profesiasTan erTad cxovrebas swavlobdnen, cxovrebas, romelsac saxelad Teatri erqva! sikeTis mqadagebeli _ sikeTes qadagebda! RmerTma gaumarjos, sixaruli da mzegrZeloba ar moklebodes sama-galiTo adamians, namdvil mamuliSvils, WeSmarit profesionals, baton nodar guraban-iZes! didi madloba batono nodar!

B gia kaxeli

batoni nodari uaRresad niWieri, Sromismoyvare, masStaburad moazrovne Teatrm-codnea. Sinagani konstituciiT mudam axalgazrda, Tanamedroved moazrovne. man Zalze sagulisxmo, Rirebuli masala Seqmna qarTuli TeatrisaTvis, Semogvinaxa 80-iani wlebis qarTuli Teatraluri samyaros Zalze cocxali, emociuri da saxieri matiane.

marina xaratiSvili

batoni nodari Cveni kursis pirveli pedagogi iyo TeatrmcodneobaSi. muSaoba sainter-esod daiwyo. jer piesebis ganxilva-analizi viswavleT, mere recenziebze gadavediT. ba-toni nodari Sexvedrebs gviwyobda kote maxaraZesTan, robert sturuasTan da sxvebTan.

wlebisTvis, ucxoeTSi bevri ver dadioda. b–ni nodari ki, rusTavelis Teatris yovel gas-trolze, rogorc Teatrmcodne, yovelTvis Tan axlda. Camohqonda uamravi STabeWdile-ba da ar iRleboda CvenTan, axalgazrdebTan maTi gaziarebiT. maxsovs erT–erTi leqcia, roca espaneTidan Camovida da yvelaze Zlieri emociuri gancda rac etyoba rom Camohyva – korida iyo! mogviyva, magram es ar iyo ubralo, uintereso monaTxrobi, aramed es iyo mTeli „speqtakli“, romelic batonma nodarma Cvens warmosaxvas warmoadgenina, imdenad saxierad da emociurad yveboda toreadoris da xaris Serkinebas... aseTi araerTi STabe-Wdileba maxsovs, romliTac gvamdidrebda igi Tavisi emociuri mexsierebis da araCveule-brivi gadmocemis unariT...

batono nodar, 85 weli namdvilad araferia, imitom, rom Tqven isev iseTive mousvenari, isev iseTive keTilmosurne adamianad darCiT, rogorc iyaviT maSin, roca CvenTan Sedi-odiT leqciaze da rogorc gvaxsovxarT. Tqven suls veraferi daaklo cxovrebis orom-trialma... albaT, es Tqveni gansakuTrebuli bunebis, xasiaTis da cxovrebiseuli Rire-bulebis damsaxurebacaa.

didxans iyaviT, rom Tqveni keTilganwyobili da amave dros Zalian saintereso, sagulisxmo Teatrmcodnis sityva axalgazrdebisTvis da ara marto axalgazrdebisTvis, momavalSic „ismodes“. es Zalian saWiro da aucilebelia.

marika wulaZe


#5 2015

,,RmerTma ar misca siberis niWida dadis CvenSi - beberi biWi“

gizo niSnianiZe

k a c i - am sityvis yvelaze kargi gagebiT. adamiani, romelsac arasdros ar SeSlia, ukompromiso da utyuari. Teatrze uzomod Seyvarebuli (ramdenic gnebavT, imdenia Cvens sferoSi `moRvawe“ adamiani, romelsac araTu uyvars, aramed ver itans Teatrs). batoni nodari 85 wlis gamxdara, arada, is Cvenze axalgazrdaa. zafxulSi CogburTi, zamTarSi Txilamurebi da ase sportuli SemarTebiT gadis dro. yvelasgan gamorCeuli zedmiwevniT Tanamedroved Cacmuli da garujuli batoni nodari pirvelad misaReb gamocdaze vnaxe, brextisa da qarTuli Teatris urTierTobaze ra SegiZliaT miamboTo, mkiTxa, mec meti ra mindoda. daviwye da daviwye... dodo aleqsiZis `samgroSian operaSi“ moTamaSe iseTi msax-iobebis gvarebi CamovuTvale, mis Semdeg rom TeatrSi saerTod aRarc uTamaSiaT, maSinve xuTi damiwera. saRamomde damtova gamocdaze da yvela abiturients rasac ekiTxeboda, Tu man ar icoda, me mayolebda. im dRidan moyolebuli gansakuTrebul siyvaruls vgrZnob misgan, erTxel wamocda kidec, Sens TaobaSi yvelaze metad miyvarxaro.

Zalian miyvarxarT, batono nodar da minda kidev didxans Zalian magrad iyoT!!!nikoloz wulukiZe

nodar gurabaniZem Teatrmcodnis profesias prestiJi da warmatebis xibli SesZina. misi Seqeba Tu mowoneba sakuTari Tavis rwmenas gvmatebs, xolo misi wignebisa Tu gamosvlebis energetika SemoqmedebiT inspiracias aRviZebs. esTets, inteleqtualsa da epikuriels Teatris, profesiisa da cxovrebis mimarT mgznebare damokidebuleba aqvs. yvelaze Tan-amedrove, is mudam movlenebis avangardSia da maradi axalgazrdobis saidumlos flobs.

mowafe da, vimedovneb, megobariTamar bokuCava

nodar gurabaniZis pedagogiuri moRvaweoba Teatralur institutSi Teatrmcodneebis jgufisTvis Teatraluri kritikis seminariT daiwyo. maSin batoni nodari kulturis min-istris pirveli moadgile iyo da miuxedavad amisa, arc erTi leqcia ar gaucdenia. qarTul saTeatro literaturas kritikis saxelmZRvanelo ar gaaCnda, amitom batoni nodaris fan-taziasac mieca gaqaneba _ leqciaze gvawerinebda saxeldaxelo recenziebs, portretebs da TiToeul Cvengans iqve, naweris wakiTxvisTanave, aZlevda rCevas, SeniSvnas da rac mTa-varia, es SeniSvnebi ar aviwydeboda. profesiuli swavlebis TiToeul elements batoni nodari sakmaod did yuradRebas uTmobda. yovel gamoTqmul mosazrebaSi igrZnoboda ara mxolod Teatrmcodnis, xelovnebaTmcodnis Rrma erudicia.

is mravali wignis avtoria, romelTagan erTi _ `samyaro Teatralis TvaliT~ _ erT-gvari Tvalis gadavlebaa warsulisa, romelic mraval xelovanTan akavSirebda.

baton nodars qarTuli Teatris didi ostatebis gverdiT mouwia moRvaweoba, _ amanac ganapiroba misi naSromebis xarisxi da mniSvneloba qarTul TeatrSi. wlebma aramcTu rame daakles, piriqiT, sibrZne da sulieri siZliere Semates.

dae, kidev mraval wels emsaxuros qarTul Teatralur kulturas.nino maWavariani

vsaubrobdiT dadgmul speqtaklebze, Canafiqris ganxorcielebaze, momaval gegmebsa da sxva SemoqmedebiT sakiTxebze, rac CvenTvis didi skola iyo. batoni nodari sainteresod gviyveboda sxvadasxva koleqtivebis sagastrolo mogzaurobebs, visac Tan axlda xolme da CvenTvis mniSvnelovan informaciebs gvawvdida, rac im periodSi sxvebisTvis Znelad mi-sawvdomi iyo. Cvens leqciebs iumoric Tan sdevda. Mme, pirvelma daviwye kursze recenzie-bis gamoqveyneba. amitom studentTa azris gamoTqmisas metyoda xolme; `aba, ras gvetyvis gazeT `Tbilisis~ korespondenti~-o.

Ggubaz megreliZe

#5 2015


sul sami semestri gvaswavlida Teatrmcodneebis jgufs. axladgamosuli iyo misi erT-erTi pirveli wigni, `mravalsaxeoba Teatrisa~ da didi molodiniT velodiT gaxmaurebu-li wignis avtors. ori kvira gvalodina, TiTqos sagangebo Teatraluri efeqtis mosaxde-nad (rogorc sturuas `mefe lirs~ elodnen). da, marTlac moaxdina efeqti. romeliRac samxreTuli qveynis gastrolze axlda rusTavelis Teatrs. energiuli nabijebiT Semoa-bija garujulma, ultramodur, kubokrul kostiumSi gamowyobilma da SesaniSnavi par-fiumis surneliT aavso auditoria. studentebi sul sxva tipis da garegnobis pedagogebs viyaviT SeCveulni da yvelaferi gveucxova, sruliad Tavisuflad gamoTqvamda mosazre-bebs – politikaze, xelovnebaze, adamianebze. zogjer arcTu normatiuli gamoTqmebic ki gvesmoda, rac SokSi gvagdebda, gogoebs gvaSfoTebda kidec, magram dRes rom maxsendeba, vxvdebi: cdilobda gaveTavisuflebineT skolidan gamoyolili SeboWilobidan, gavTama-mebuliyaviT.…

arasodes damaviwydeba Tu rogor saxierad gviambo espanuri flamenkosa da koridis am-bebi, rogor moadga Tvalze cremli, roca xaris mokvlis scena aRwera da arc is daumalavs – vitire, radganac gamaxsenda babuaCemi ra saTuTad eqceoda Tavis xarso.

gveSinoda batoni nodaris, misi mware, sarkastuli enis. piradad me axlac meSinia... ar vici, moewoneba Tu ara Cemi es werili.

dodo xurcilava

nodar gurabaniZe erT-erTi yvelaze analitikuri, profesionali da mudam progresu-lad moazrovne ostati Teatrmcodnea, romlis naSromebi, wignebi, werilebi aris maRali profesionalizmis gamoxatuleba da samagaliTo momavali Taobis kritikosebisTvis. nodar gurabaniZes kidev erTi SesaSuri Tviseba da profesiuli unari gamoarCevs sxva yvela Taobis kritikosebisgan, misi recenziebi scildeba lokalur masStabs da mis mier speqtaklis, Teatraluri procesis Tu movlenis analizi gadmocemulia evropuli Teat-ris konteqstSi. mxiblavs da momwons misi bolo periodis gaaqtiureba, rogorc mecnieris, romelmac Cveni TaobisTvis metad saWiro mecnieruli memkvidreoba Seqmna. wignebi: „mix-eil TumaniSvilis Teatri“, „evropuli dramaturgia rusTavelis Teatris scenaze“ Cvens profesiaSi moRvawe TaobebisTvis ara mxolod saWiro da aucilebeli wignebia, aramed saxelmZRvaneloc.

minda baton nodars didxans sicocxle, janmrTeloba, intensiuri da nayofieri Semo-qmedebiTi cxovreba vusurvo, radgan es pirvel yovlisa, Cven, momaval Taobas gvWirdeba.

laSa CxartiSvili

nodar, Zvirfaso, gilocav am, marTlac RirSesaniSnav iubiles. madlobas gixdi imi-saTvis, rom kidev ufro maRal safexurze azide qarTuli Teatrmcodneoba da Seni dau-Ralavi moRvaweobiTa da unikaluri SesaZleblobebiT Rirseba Sehmate mas.

piradad me, bevri ram viswavle Sengan da axla unda gamovtyde, rom Tuki vinmesTvis min-doda Tavis mowoneba Cemi saqmianobiT, upirvelesad es Sen iyavi. kvlavac velodebi aRta-cebis momgvrel Sens namuSevars. gkocni, miyvarxar da menatrebi.

dali mumlaZe

„ra nela gadis dro, ra Cqara gadis dro“ - robert sturuas polikarpe kakabaZis mixed-viT dadgmuli „asulnis“ refrenad gadevnebuli fraza gamaxsenda, rodesac gavige, rom nodar gurabaniZe iubilaria. daujerebelia, magram batoni nodari oTxmocdaxuTisaa. daujerebelia ara marto imitom, rom dResac aqtiurad muSaobs da am bolo periodSi ram-denime SesaniSnavi da rac mTavaria, qarTuli Teatraluri samyarosTvis saWiro wigni Se-qmna, ara marto imitom, rom absoluturad Tanamedroved azrovnebs, ara marto imitom, rom masTan saubari dResac bevrs gaZlevs da gmatebs, ara marto imitom, rom yovelTvis uyvarda da uxaroda axalgazrdebTan urTierToba da maTTvis profesiuli TvalsazrisiT xelis gamarTva, imitomac, rom aqtiurad aris dakavebuli sportis sxvadasxva saxeobiT da rac mTavaria, CarTulia uaxles saTeatro procesebSi. meamayeba, rom Teatrisa da kinos universitetis gamomcemloba „kentavrma“ bolo periodSi misi ori wigni gamosca: „mixeil TumaniSvilis Teatri“ da „evropuli dramaturgia rusTavelis Teatris scenaze“. meamaye-


#5 2015

batoni nodar gurabaniZis SemoqmedebaSi yovelTvis da yvela dros mxiblavda misi erudicia, evropulad Tavisufali da araordinaruli azrovneba; mxiblavda nebismieri qveynis, esTetikis Tu Janris speqtaklebis uzustesi aRqmis, Sefasebisa da, amasTanave, speqtaklis saxieri xatis gacocxlebis, aRweris unari. es yvelaferi laRi da umdidresi eniT aris gadmocemuli mis wignebSi, esseebSi, recenziebSi, CanaxatebSi, samecniero Tu Ju-rnalistur statiebSi.

minda, agreTve, aRvniSno batoni nodaris gansakuTrebuli interesi da keTilganwyoba kolegebis, miT ufro, axalgazrda Teatrmcodneebis mimarT. swored es davinaxe mravali wlis win, roca Cemi pirveli werili - „eleqtras miTi Tanamedrove frangul TeatrSi“ mi-vutane JurnalSi „xelovneba“. igives vgrZnob dResac!

gmadlobT, batono nodar! gilocavT! kidev mravali weli ar mogvakloT Tqveni keTil-ganwyoba da Teatraluri studiebis kiTxvis siamovneba.

irina RoRoberiZe

nodar gurabaniZe qarTuli TeatrmcodneobiTi skolis erT-erT pirveli warmomadgene-lia - vasil kiknaZis, aleqsandre SalutaSvilis, Tengiz janeliZis, romlebmac dimitri janeliZis udidesi skola gaiara. sabWoTa Teatrmcodneobisgan gansxvavebiT es iyo namd-vilad erovnul niadagze damyarebuli da qarTul Teatrze orientirebuli skola, ramac mniSvnelovani wvlili Seitana, zogadad, qarTuli Teatris ganviTarebaSi. TiTqmis samo-ci wlis ganmavlobaSi nodar gurabaniZis Semoqmedeba qarTuli Teatris kvlevas eZRvneba: esaa sqeltaniani wignebi da gamokvlevebi, Teoriuli, TiTqmis enciklopediuri naSrome-bi, recenziebi. rusTavelis Teatris yvela sagastrolo mogzaurobis, maTi sazRvargare-Tuli warmatebebis mowmem da Tanamonawilem am koleqtivis Tanamedrove istoria Seqmna, rac aisaxa mis bolodroindel gamocemebSi: „fantastikuri ramaz CxikvaZe“, „reJisori robert sturua“, „ucxouri dramaturgia rusTavelis Teatris scenaze“ da sul axlaxan gamosuli _ „reJisori gizo Jordania“.

batoni nodari yovelTvis mxiblavda imiT, rom is aris namdvili, WeSmariti xelovnebaT-mcodne, romelic ar ifargleba mxolod TeatrmcodneobiTi specialobiT, aramed srul- yofilad flobs saxviTi xelovnebis istorias, xelovnebis Tanamedrove Teoriebs, rac mis gamokvlevebSia asaxuli.

vulocav baton nodar gurabaniZes 85 wlis iubiles da vusurveb kvlav aseTi axalgazr-duli SemarTebiT gaegrZelebinos moRvawoba.

giorgi yajriSvili

ba, vinaidan garda imisa, rom ubralo mkiTxvelisTvisac sainteresoa, orive naSromi pro-fesionalebisTvis samagido wignad iqca.

gilocavT batono nodar, janmrTelobas da didxans SemoqmedebiTad aqtiur cxovrebas gisurvebT. Tqven misabaZi xarT yvelasTvis.

maka vasaZe

1984 wlis pirveli seqtemberi bednieri dRe iyo Cvens cxovrebaSi, _ nodar gurabaniZis studentebi gavxdiT. swored Cven viyaviT Teatrmcodneebis is pirveli jgufi, vinc ba-tonma nodarma ar miatova. misi studentoba ki, saamayo iyo yovelTvis, gansakuTrebiT ma-Sin, uZraobis xanaSi. CvenTvis batoni nodari iyo namdvili `fanjara evropisaken~, radgan uswrafesad gvacnobda ucxouri Teatraluri procesebis inovaciebs, uaxles wignebs, jer kidev daubeWdav werilebsa da axal Targmanebs, missave axal wignebsa Tu werilebs.

batono nodar! gisurvebT janmrTelobas, didxans sicocxles, ulev sixarulsa da araerT saiubileo TariRs.

1989 wlis kursdamTavrebuli Teatrmcodneebis jgufi:maia kiknaZe, Tamar quTaTelaZe,

fiqria yuSitaSvili, marika mamacaSvili, nino qiria.

#5 2015


qarTul saTeatro sivrceSi nodar gurabaniZis moRvaweobis erT-erTi mTavari Tviseba masStaburobaa. masStaburia misi naRvawis moculoba, azrovnebis siRrme, interesTa sfe-ro da kvlevis obieqtTa geografiuli areali. mis profesiul TvalTaxedvaSi yovelTvis xvdeboda qarTuli da saerTaSoriso saTeatro procesebi, sasceno xelovnebis aqtualuri tendenciebi. azrovnebis wesiT, profesiuli paTosiT, SemoqmedebiTi energetikiT batoni nodaris saqmianobis Sedegi yovelTvis Tanamedrove, progresuli da aqtualuria.

zaza sofromaZe

gamomcemloba `literam~ gamosca nodar gura-baniZis wigni `reJisori gizo Jordania~. naSromi Sedgeba 10 Tavisagan da darTuli aqvs reJiso-ris mier dadgmuli speqtaklebis nusxa. aqve unda aRiniSnos misi maRali poligrafiuli xarisxi.

avtori ar gaurbis mcire biografiul eqskurss da misi detalebis analiziT adgens gizo Jordani-as Semoqmedebis garkveuli detalebis aqcentire-basac. musikaluri ganaTleba daexmara am dide-bul Semoqmeds, dramatuli Teatrebis Tanabari warmatebiT da erudiciiT emoRvaweva musikaluri Teatrebis sarbielzec, gaemdidrebina Tavisi Te-atraluri esTetika da musikis, baletis, simReris elementebis saxiT polifonizmi Seetana rogorc komediur, aseve tragikul speqtaklebSi.

wignSi avtorisTvis damaxasiaTebeli skrupu-lozulobiTa da farTo xedviT aris ganxiluli gizo Jordanias mier dadgmuli warmodgenebi. avtori am speqtaklebs xedavs rogorc qveynis im-droindeli politikuri Tu socialuri viTare-bis, aseve Teatraluri cxovrebis mimdinare aq-tiuri procesebis SuqSi da es Zalian sainteresos xdis maT analizs.

gizo Jordaniam qarTuli TeatrisaTvis sak-maod rTul periodSi daiwyo moRvaweoba rusTav-elis TeatrSi, magram arasdros miuRia monawileoba mis konfliqtebSi. `igi natifi sulis kacia, suliT aristokrati... udides tkivils ayenebs mis mimarT gamovlenili sul mcire utaqtobac ki...~ _ ase axasiaTebs mas avtori.

rogorc vxedavT, naSromi maRali profesionalizmiT axasiaTebs am didi xelovanis Se-moqmedebas da aseve, mis pirovnul Tvisebebs. es aris wigni Semoqmedze, romelmac didi kva-li daaCnia Tanamedrove qarTuli Teatris istorias, wigni, romelic yoveli Teatralisa-Tvis samagido wignad unda iqces.

nino maWavariani

nodar gurabaniZis axali wigni

werilebi yovelTvis yvelaze mets avtoris Sesaxeb yvebian. nodar gurabaniZis erT pa-tara abzacSic ki dainaxavT, Tu ramdenad mravalmxrivia is, rogorc inteleqtuali da rogorc pirovneba. mas ainteresebs yvelaferi, raSic adamianis SesaZleblobebis maqsimu-mi vlindeba: xelovneba, sporti, politika... gadmogcemT uzustesi detalebiT, moulod-neli CanarTebiT da mTavari emociuri damokidebulebiT, rom mas sjera adamianis. es aris imedis, optimizmis da gulSematkivrobis sul ufro gaiSviaTebuli unari, rac SeuZlebe-lia yuradRebis miRma darCes.

Tea kaxiani


#5 2015

samyaro Teatralis TvaliTnodar gurabaniZe

àlebastris princesa~

swored ase, àlebastris princesa~ uwoda jorj balanCinma Tavis muzas da ukanasknel siyvaruls _ siuzan farels, ulamazes balerinas, mTeli àmerikuli baletis xats~, romelsac aRmerTebda rogorc mocekvaves da TavdaviwyebiT uyvarda, rogorc qali, Tumc es ori cneba - qali da balerina _ ganuyofeli iyo misTvis. amitomac, mis mravalricxovan sayvarlebsa da colebs Soris mxolod balerinebi iyvnen.

...balanCinis `niu-iork siti bales~ TbilisSi pirveli gastrolebisas (1963 weli), progra-ma Semominaxavs da mocekvave qalTa kordebaletSi siuzan farelis gvaric amovikiTxe, axla rom gamoviTvale, Tvrameti wlisa yofila, maSin mec axalgazrda viyavi da am gamaognebeli, Tavbrudamxvevi sanaxaobis yvela mocekvave qali angeloziviT miuwvdomeli megona, imdenad daxvewili, msubuqi, sufTa da haerovani iyo maTi yoveli moZraoba da Jesti broliviT gamWvir-vale `serenadaSi~. Tan yvelas, rogorc maxsovs, Tmis erTnairi varcxniloba da erTnairad ul-amazesi profile hqonda, rom araferi vTqvaT gamokveTili figurebis, gansakuTrebiT xeleb-is, miuwvdomel harmoniulobaze. samoc wels mitanebuli maestro, romelic Tavis meSvide Tu merve colTan, balerina tanakval le klerkTan, jer gayrilic ki ar iyo, roca erTdroulad iwvoda agizgizebuli SemoqmedebiTi cecxliT da trfobis aliT. Tavis qoreografiul xil-vebSi da musikaSi mxolod siuzanis saxes da sxeuls xedavda, mxolod misTvis da masze Txzavda Tavis qoreografiul Sedevrs. ase Seiqmna misi WeSmariti mwvervali `mocartiana~.

`mocartiana~ mSvidi baletia, magram teqnikurad jojoxeTurad rTuli. igi dakavSire-bulia atmosferosTan, ganwyobilebasTan, repeticiebze Cven orive saSinlad vRelavdiT. erTxel vuTxari, aseTi ram `mgonia, rom samoTxe aseTi unda iyos~. am sityvebis Semdeg igi rwmeniT aRivso~ (s.fareli).

meore baleti, romelic mas specialurad daudga, iyo `don-kixoti~, romlis musika daw-era nikolas nabokovma, saxelganTqmuli mwerlis, nabokovis biZaSvilma da balanCinis axlo megobarma. minkusis musikisagan gansxvavebiT, es iyo Tanamedrove da rTuli musika. balan-Cini didi xnis manZilze fiqrobda servantesis romanis qoreografiul enaze ametyvele-baze. s.fareli igonebs: `romani me ar wamikiTxavs, Zalian wvrili SriftiTaa dabeWdili da Zalze sqeli wignia... me mxolod vfurclavdi romans da veZebdi, Tu sad iyo moxsenebuli dulsinea, da... ver vpoulobdi. bolos, vifiqre, is, rac surs balanCins, iqneba qoreogra-fiaSi. am opusSi Cven SemoqmedebiTad vugebdiT erTmaneTs naxevarsityviT. igi muSaobda swrafad (rogorc es saerTod sCvevoda), oTx kviraSi mTeli baleti dadga, TviTon SeTxza scenis gaformebac da kostiumebic. `don-kixotSi~ viTardeboda mTeli istoria, rasac mis sxva baletebSi ver SexvdebiT, ramac publika gaaoca. Tumca, igi iRvwoda, rom mayurebels hyvareboda baleti da ara siuJeti. ra Tqma unda, `bi~ yoveTvis imas akeTebda, rac undoda. amJamad isurva dramatuli rolis Sesruleba `mwuxare saxis raindisa~. mis gverdiT yofna CemTvis kidev erTi saCuqari iyo~, magram am saCuqars, ara imdenad siuzens uZRvnida, ram-denadac sakuTar Tavs. swored mas undoda scenaze siuzen farelTan axlos yofna, miux-edavad imisa, rom TviTon didi xania, rac aRar cekvavda da Tavisi habitusiT srulad arc Seesabameboda don kixotis awowil da Camomxmar figuras.

magram, saxelganTqmulma metrfem da triumfatorma sabolood, mainc, mtkivneuli marcxi ganicada. `misma ùnazesma mtarvalma~ ocdaoTxi wlis dulsineam, `tobosis am mwya-zarma gvritma~, bazili amjobina 60 wlis `lamanCis am mZvinvare loms~ da colad gahyva balanCinis mowafes, pol mexias~ - ase vwerdi am siyvarulis gamo, TerTmeti wlis winaT, Jurnal òmegaSi~ (#1, 2004. `didi bi~-s paradoqsebi da vnebebi~).

#5 2015


balanCini gansakuTrebiT ganarisxa imanac, rom misi mowafeebi moris beJarTan gaiqcnen. didi xnis Semdeg s.farelma Tavis memuarebSi ̀ moeWide haers~ aRiara: ̀ ar megona Tu beJaris Semdeg balanCinTan davbrundebodi, Tumc Cemi sxeuli moiTxovda balanCinis gakveTilebs, Tavisufal dros me misi sistemis mixedviT vvarjiSobdi~, magram gamoxda xani da Sve-bulebaSi myofi, dabrunda niu-iorkSi, daeswro `New York City Ballet~-is speqtakls, romlis programaSi, axal nawarmoebTan erTad, iyo is baletebic, romlebSic siuzanic cekvavda... saxlSi dabrunebisTanave mokle baraTi mivwere balanCins `Zvirfaso jorj, am baletebis xilva SesaniSnavia, magram maTSi cekva - kidev ufro SesaniSnavi, nuTu es SesaZlebelia? _ male damireka balanCinis mdivanma da miTxra, balanCins TqvenTan saubari surs, vidre ev-ropaSi dabrundebiTo. Cven erTmaneTs balanCinis binaSi SevxvdiT, da mas erTi frazac ki ar uTqvams, ai, aseTi tipisa `nebas gaZlevT dabrundeT dasSi~, man mxolod es sTqva... `ro-dis daviwyoT muSaoba. barem, exlave SevudgeT. ase aRsdga da gagrZelda Cveni SesaniSnavi saerTo cxovreba~.

siuzan fareli maRali zneobisa da erTgulebis gansaxiereba aRmoCnda, uaryofili siy-varulis gamo ganrisxebulma jorjma (mas siuzanis colad SerTva hqonda gadawyvetili) Seyvarebuli mocekvaveebi, faqtiurad, kinwiskvriT gamoagdo dasidan. gulnatkenma siu-zanma samagiero imiT gadauxada, rom mTeli Tavisi moRvaweoba da cxovreba, Tavis did maswavlebels da aRmzrdels miuZRvna. Camoayaliba `siuzan farelis baleti~, romelic repeticiebs vaSingtonis ̀ kenedi centrSi~ atarebs da misi repertuari, TiTqmis mTlianad, balanCinis baletebisagan Sedgeba. aq aris baletmaisteris rogorc yvelaze saxelganTq-muli, ise miviwyebuli baletebi, magaliTad, igor stravinskis ori kameruli baleti: Monu-mention Pro Gesua do (1960 wels dadgmuli) da Movements for Piano and Orchestra (1957). swored am ukanasknelSi Seasrula farelma Tavisi pirveli mTavari roli, roca moulodnelad Secvala sxva Semsrulebeli. maSin siuzani jer kidev skolis moswavle iyo da generalur repeticiebze daigviana sakontrolo weris gamo... `me mivedi Б–sTan da SevCivle – gamosas-vlelad mzad ara var. mipasuxa: `Zvirfaso, gamoxval Tu ara, amas me vwyvet~-o. da me mivende mas. mivende samudamod. Zalian momwons is sityvebi, romlebic stravinskim warmosTqva speqtaklis Semdeg: ̀ es aRmoCnda gaseirneba SenobaSi, romlis gegma me Sevadgine. marTalia, Sevadgine, magram ar damisrulebia~.

balanCinis dadgmebiT `siuzan farelis baletma~ mTeli msoflio moiara, miuxedavad imi-sa, rom xanSi Sesuls uWirs xangrZlivi mogzauroba da aRarc axali qveynebis xilva izidavs maincdamainc. `me yovelTvis vambob `Tanaxma var!~ roca mTxoven balanCinis baletebis Cvenebas.

`me igi, axlac, arc erTi wuTiT ar maviwydeba. bevr rameze ise vfiqrob, rogorc igi fiqrobda. magaliTad, rom baleti Zalze faqizi xelovnebaa, sadac Tanamedrove teqnol-ogiebi uZlurni arian. `Б~-c ase fiqrobda – yvela codna Cvens saqmeSi dagrovili, erTi mocekvavidan meore mocekvaveze gadadis. misTvis baleti iyo cekvis yvelaze wminda for-ma. repeticiaze Tvali unda gedevnebina, gagemeorebina yvela misi moZraoba, gecadaT misi gageba. yvelaze pirveli versia misi `Cvenebisa~ iyo is, Tu ra undoda mas umalve, amitom me viswavle, Tu rogor unda gamego yvelaferi myisierad, umalve. balanCini Zalian ufrTx-ildeboda mocekvaveebs, misTvis yvela wevri dasSi Zalze mniSvnelovani pirovneba iyo. igi gatacebiT swvdeboda Cvens arss, sxeulis yvela SesaZleblobas. kargad icnobda, anu ic-nobda im instruments, romelzedac mocekvave `ukravs~. gansxvavebiT violinosa da roi-alisgan, romlebic SegiZlia moaTavso gansazRvrul pirobebSi, Sesabamis sinotivesa da temperaturaSi, sxeuli moqmedebs ganuwyvetliv, yovelgvari klimat-temperaturis miuxe-davad. sxeuli arasodes cruobs, sxeulis ena – yvelaze sufTa enaao – ambobda. mocekvavee-bis winaSe igi moZraobaTa samyaros warmosaxavda. gakveTilebze gvaiZulebda gvemoZrava xan nela, autanlad nela, xan ki, piriqiT, ukiduresad swrafad. miaCnda, rom Tu mocekvaves ZaluZs mxolod swrafi an mxolod neli pa-s Sesruleba, maSin xelovnebaSi erTob viwro koridori eqneboda. mas sWirdeboda srulqmnili da Tavisufali sxeuli cekvis sivrceSi... moswonda artistebi, romlebic atarebdnen did energetikas. magram tyuilad nu Seecde-bodiT idealur mocekvaved mogeCvenebinaT Tavi. misTvis repeticiebi iyo laboratoria, sadac mas artistis individualoba ki ar unda `daemsxvria~, aramed unda ganeviTarebina. igi ubralod ki ar Txzavda qoreografias, aramed qmnida filosofiur sistemas... balan-Cinis mTavari postulati iyo: unda icxovro awmyoTi, is momavals miapyrobs mzeras, war-


#5 2015

suli ki ukve wasulia. aseve cxovrobda igi, principiT àq da axla~, arasodes fiqrobda memkvidreobaze, Tavisi baletebis SenarCuneba-Senaxvaze. miaCnda, rom Zalian didxans icocxlebda. `Cven, qarTvelebi, didxans vcocxlobT~-o, ambobda igi da me mjeroda misi, amitomac moulodneli iyo misi sikvdili CemTvis... xSirad vekiTxebodi: `ra naxeT CemSi aseTi?~ arasodes pasuxi ar gaucia. me ise Zalian menatreba balanCini, rom Cemi emociebi uneburad gadmoiRvara qaRaldze. mogonebaTa Cemi wignis saTauri dakavSirebulia balet `meditaciebTan~ – pirveli baleti, romelic man CemTvis Seqmna. es iyo romantikul-vnebi-ani pa-de-de Caikovskis musikaze. saSinlad vgrZnobdi Tavs `xilvebis~ rolSi. sikvdiliv-iT meSinoda misi, vkankalebdi. SevCivle `mister Б-i, me wamdauwum meSleba raRac, Zalze mouqneli da tlanqi var TiTqos. Cems gamo Tqveni baleti zaraldeba~. mipasuxa: `roca Seyvarebuli xar, xSirad yvelafers uSnod da tlanqad akeTeb. moeWide haers da afrind-ebi~. premieridan oriode wlis Semdeg, man `meditaciebis~ yvela ufleba me gadmomiloca da miTxra, àm baletSi sxva balerinas naxva ar msurso~. partniorebi icvlebodnen, magram Cemi partia aravis Seusrulebia. roca Camovayalibe dasi, Cems Tavs vuTxari, suzan, nu xar egoisti. uCvene axal Taobas es baleti. axla Cemi dasi am balets cekvavs~.

`genialuri diletanti~

`poetikis~ avtori, aristotele fiziognomikis erT-erT fuZemdebladac SeiZleba miviC-nioT. warsulis didi moazrovneni da filosofosebi cdilobdnen daesabuTebinaT kavSiri adamianis gamometyvelebasa da mis Sinagan samyarosTan. aristoteles azriT, ganvlili cxovreba cvlis ara marto adamianis sxeuls, aramed mis sulsac. fiziognomikis amocanad mas miaCnda sxeulis garegnuli niSnebis safuZvelze sulis Tvisebebis amocnoba. adamianis saxis agebulebis SeswavlisTvis renesansis epoqaSi nayofierad iRvwodnen italielebi jovani batiste della posta – dramaturgi, filosofosi, eqimi, alqimikosi da genialuri leonardo da vinCi. magram fiziognomikis fuZemdeblad mainc iTvleba Sveicarieli mw-erali, filosofosi da mwerali iohan kaspar lafateri, romelsac misi megobari goeTe `genialur diletants~ uwodebda. 1772 wels man gamosca traqtati, romelmac SesZra moazrovne samyaro. mis `fiziologiur etiudebs~ didi gatacebiT kiTxulobdnen puSkini, balzaki, dikensi, aleqsandre diuma, jek londoni, xolo lord baironma safuZvlianad Seiswavla igi. Cveni Tanamedrove astrologis, WeSmariti eruditis, a.globas azriT, la-fateris popularoba upiratesad ganapiroba `traqtatSi~ gafantulma araCveulebrivma winaswarmetyvelurma xilvebma, misma telepatiurma niWma da analitikurma gonebam. aT-euli wlebis manZilze swavlobda adamianis saxis gamometyvelebas, uamravi gardacvlili adamianis niRabs da didZali masala daagrova Tavisi fundamenturi traqtatisaTvis. la-fateri saxes yovelTvis or ganzomilebaSi ganixilavda – anfasSi da profilSi. bolos miv-ida im daskvnamde, rom anfasi es aris niRbis msgavsi ram, romelsac adamianebi ìkeTeben~ garSemomyofTaTvis, xolo profili cxadhyofs maTi miznebis da ZiebaTa mimarTulebas cxovrebis labirinTebSi. misi Tanamedroveni gansakuTrebiT SesZra `traqtatSi~ Camoyal-ibebulma mosazrebam, rom saxis nakvTebis mixedviT SesaZlebelia potenciuri damnaSavis amocnoba. igi amtkicebda, rom gardacvalebamde erTi wliT adre, adamianis saxes gadae-kvreba e.w. `sikvdilis niRabi~, romlis mixedviT SesaZlebelia ganisazRvros tragikuli finalis moaxloveba.

a. globam safuZvlianad Seiswavla iohan kaspar lafateris `traqtati~. agreTve, ufro adrindeli traqtatebi da Tavisi yovlismomcveli da Rrma astrologiuri codnis safuZvelze (adamianis saxis sxvadasxva saxis Sefardeba planetebTan) gaaanaliza cnobi-li adamianebis sikvdilis Semdgom aRebuli niRbebi (pirad koleqciaSi aqvs samasi aseTi niRabi, maT Soris: goeTes, kromvelis, nicSes, hegelis, mocartis, lev tolstois, leninis, stalinis, trockis, napoleonis niRbebi) da am niRbebSi xSiradaa gamoxatuli adamianis xa-siaTis WeSmariti arsi da Camoayaliba fiziognomikis sakuTari xedva. aqve SevniSnav, rom misi statiebi, romlebic, garda specialuri samecniero gamocemisa, ibeWdeba popularul JurnalebSi `Story~, `biografiebi~, `dialogi~, `karavani~ (swored am Jurnalebis wyalobiT gavige bevri ram astrologiaze) da didi interesiT ikiTxeba. am SemTxvevaSi mkiTxvelis

#5 2015


yuradRebas mivapyrob a. globas zogierT daskvnas. misi azriT, patara, Rrmad Camjdari, naperwkaliviT moelvare Savi Tvalebi, xSiri Savi warbebi, damcinav RimilTan erTad (mom-Rerali tomi jonsi) mowmobs eSmakobas, gamWriaxobas da paranoiamde misul eWvianobas. aseT adamianebs aqvT civi da mZlavri goneba, daxvewili gemovneba, axasiaTebT socialuri eleganturoba, magram akliaT xelgaSliloba. unda iTqvas, rom dabla CamoSvebuli warbebi mowmobs sicocxlis Zalebis did marags, romelsac didi xnis manZilze inarCuneben. aseTi warbebi hqonda stalins, romelic cnobili iyo Tavisi ukiduresi eWvianobiT. ...amozneqi-li, viwro nikapi (vladimer maiakovski) gvamcnobs adamianis avantiuristul suls, Rrmuli nikapze ki amxels pirovnebas, romelic didi warmatebiT sargeblobs sawinaaRmdego sqe-sis warmomadgenelze. xSirad es aris, Teatraluri termini rom movixmoT, `gmiri Seyvar-ebuli~ (`герой любовник~), romelsac qali brmad ar unda endos. aseTi Rrmuli `amSvenebda~ marSal Jukovs, romelsac erTdroulad ramdenime qalTan hqonda romani gaCaRebuli. xan-dazmulobisas, zogs warbebs Soris unviTardeba ori vertikaluri naoWi, zogs ki erTi. erTnaoWianebi gamoirCevian TviTnebobiT, siamayiT, gulqvaobiT, impulsurobiT, saku-Tari azris Tavze moxveviT. aq globa asaxelebs or pirovnebas, CerCils da a.solJenicins, romlebsac miaCndaT, rom yvelaferSi marTlebi iyvnen, maTTvis arsebobda mxolod ori azri – sakuTari da mcdari azri. amis gamo iyo, albaT, rom CerCili ukiduresad uxeSi iyo xelqveiTebis mimarT, xolo sakuTari simarTlis usityvo rwmenam solJenicini mravalgzis ixsna saSineli xifaTisagan. rogorc wesi, aseT adamianebs bevri mteri hyavT, radgan sxvisi azris Seuwynarebloba sapasuxo reaqcias iwvevs. ai, stalins ki, romelsac tiranad miiCne-ven, warbebs Soris ori xazi hqonda, SeeZlo situaciis marjved gamoyeneba, yuradRebiT us-menda oponents, agrZnobinebda, rom misi azri misTvis mniSvnelovania da yovelTvis rodi iCemebda Tavis simarTles. amitom, misi sve-bedi ufro sviani iyo, vidre CerCilisa, romel-mac cxovrebaSi mravalgzis ganicada aRmafrenis sitkbo da dacemis simware da, sabolood, samarcxvinod datova premieris savarZeli.

a. globa aSkaradaa dainteresebuli stalinis fenomeniT. ai, ras wers igi: `lafateri saintereso daskvnebs akeTebs saxeze yurebis dabla ganlagebaze. am daskvnebis simarTle me virwmune Cemi praqtikis meoxebiT. SemiZlia ganvacxado, rom yuris niJarebis dabla gan-lageba Zalian xSirad adasturebs Camomavlobis siZveles da memkvidreobiT miRebul did niWierebas. gardacvalebis Semdeg aRebul Cem niRabTa koleqciaSi yvelaze dabla ganlagebuli yurebi stalins aqvs. Tumca, TiTqosda, igi Raribi ojaxiSvili iyo. mama – mewaRe, deda – mrecxavi. magram, rogorc Cans, mis gvarSi arsebobdnen uZvelesi memkvidreobiTi xazebi, romelTa Sesaxebac Cven, ubralod, araferi viciT. me yuradReba mivaqcie imas, rom aseTi yurebi yvelaze xSirad aqvT keTilSobili ojaxis Svilebs. me maqvs mefeTa Tu dedofalTa ramdenime niRabi, maT Soris nikoloz pirvelis da dedofali viqtoriasi, romelTac yure-bi swored ase aqvT ganlagebuli. sxvis Secdomebze swavla yvelaze metad axasiaTebT aseTi yurebis patronebs~.

aq davasruloT a. globas daskvnebze saubari, Torem Zalze Sors wavalT.

n.wereTeli _ `kameruli Teatris sveti~

1912 wels maqs reinhardtis `germanuli Teatris~ mier moskovSi gamarTulma gastrolebma imdroindel Teatralur samyaroSi furori moaxdina. reinhardti, upiratesad, dgamda germanul klasikur dramaturgias, Seqspirs da Zvel berZenTa tragediebs. gansakuTrebu-li warmateba xvda mis mier dadgmul sofokles ̀ oidipos mefes~, romelSic mTavar rols as-rulebda warmoSobiT albaneli, germanulenovani msaxiobi, sandro moisi (saxeli moixveWa Seqspiris repertuarSi, gamodioda ibsenisa da l. tolstois dramebSic), TanamedroveTa mowmobiT, didi tragikuli temperaturiT da saocari xmiT dajildovebuli artisti. Tea-tralur xelovnebaSi reinhardtis udides damsaxurebadaa miCneuli masobrivi scenebis kom-poziciisa da dinamikis TvalismomWreli silamaziT da efeqturobiT dadgma. speqtaklSi monawile mTeli es masa gardaqmnili iyo erT plastikur sxeulad, romelic emorCileboda musikas da ritms, myisier reaqcias da monumentur garindebas. erToblivi Jestebi, sxeu-lis moZraobani, aseve erToblivi reCitativebi Tu wamoyvirebani did zemoqmedebas axden-


#5 2015

da TeatrSi mosul auditoriaze. reinhardtis reJisuram ganuzomeli gavlena moaxdina ev-ropuli scenuri xelovnebis ganviTarebaze da mis gavlenas mravali saxelovani reJisori ver ascda, maT Soris sandro axmetelic.

reinhardti didi gulisxmeviT arCevda masobriv scenebSi monawile msaxiobebs, did mniS-vnelobas aniWebda maT plastikas, ritmis da musikis grZnobas, Teatris gamomsaxvelobas da sxeulis silamazes. `oidipos mefeSi~ masobriv scenebSi monawileTa Soris iyo axal-gazrda, aTleturi agebulebis, romauli profilis msaxiobi, n.wereTelic, romelmac am speqtaklTan erTad mTeli dasavleT evropa Semoiara. reinhardtis Teatris gastroleb-isas n.wereTeli swavlobda a.adaSovis Teatralur skolaSi da paralelurad gamodioda sxvadasxva Teatris speqtaklebis masobriv scenebSi. moskovSi Camosulma reinhardtma maso-briv scenebSi monawileobisaTvis ramdenime adgilobrivi axalgazrda statisti daimata, dRevandeli eniT rom vTqvaT, `kastingis~ Semdeg. ase iqceoda igi yovelTvis gastrolebis dros, radgan masobriv scenebSi monawileTa grandiozuli Semadgenlobis aqeT-iqiT tare-ba did xarjebTan iyo dakavSirebuli. m.reinhardti ewvia adaSovis skolas (`Курсы драмы Адашова~), sadac aswavlidnen v.kaCalovi, a.sulerJicki, e.luJski da mravalTagan mxolod n.wereTeli SearCia. rogorc Cans, germanel reJisors TvalSi mouvida n. wereTelis gar-egnoba, plastikuroba, CarTo `oidiposis~ masobriv scenebSi da evropis ramdenime qvey-anaSic Tan iaxla (sxvaTa Soris adaSovis skola daamTavra genialurma e. vaxtangovmac). evropidan dabrunebuli n. wereTeli, erTxans (1913-16w.w.) moskovis samxatvro TeatrSi gamodioda epizodebSi da e.w. `masovkebSi~. 1916 wlidan ki, mTeli rva sezonis manZilze, a.tairovis xelmZRvanelobiT arsebuli `kameruli Teatris~ wamyvani msaxiobi iyo. am Te-atrTan erTad sagastrolod iyo evropis mraval qveyanaSi da samxreT amerikaSi (brazilia, urugvai, argentina, kolumbia). swored a.tairovis damsaxurebaa, rom n.wereTeli, meorex-arisxovani da usityvo rolebis Semsrulebeli, pirveli rangis msaxiobad da Teatris pre-mieri qalis, alisa koonenis, partniorad iqca TiTqmis yvela mis tragikul repertuarSi. rogorc Cans, guli reJisurisaken mouwevda, 1924 wels miatova `kameruli Teatri~ (k. mar-janiSvilis `Tavisufali Teatris~ es `Svilobili~), visi wyalobiTac didi saxeli moixveWa da gamovida axal asparezze – reJisorobda moskovis musikalur da leningradis komediis TeatrebSi, magram bolomde Tavisi msaxioburi didebis CrdilSi darCa (Tumca, ramdenime filmSic gadaiRes).

`kameruli Teatridan~ misi wamosvlis gamo, 1924 wlis Jurnali `Жизнь искусство~ werda: `wereTeli wamovida `kameruli Teatridan~! Cven ki gvgonia, rom es daujerebeli ambavia. a. kooneni da n. wereTeli ori svetia, romelzedac dgas `kameruli Teatri~ da uceb, erT-erTi sveti gamovida wyobidan...~

marTlac, n.wereTeli a.koonenis Seucvlel partniorad iTvleboda. TviT a. kooneni, romelsac ucxoeTis presa sara bernarsa da eleonora duzes – am or genialur msaxiobs, utolebda – aRiarebda, rom n.wereTeli Zalian musikaluri iyo, gemovnebiani, plastikuri, cekvavda da mReroda SesaniSnavad, hqonda mJReri xma. mogonebaTa wignSi, `cxovrebis fur-clebi~, igi vrclad msjelobs o.uaildis `salomeas~ novatorul dadgmaze (Tavisi meuRl-is, a.tairovis, am speqtaklSi igi mTavar gmirs, salomeas, TamaSobda, xolo n. wereTeli io-qanaans) da sagangebod aRniSnavs: `Потрясал зал сильный металический голос. Церетели - Иоканана~

S. lekokis komediaSi `Jirofle-Jiroflia~ n.wereTeli a.koonenTan erTad SesaniSna-vad asrulebda mxiarul duets da iseTi simsubuqiT cekvavda, rom `В Париже, во время наших гастролей его сравнивали с Нижинским~. dramatuli Teatris msaxiobis Sedareba baletis am genialur mocekvavesTan yovelgvar qebas aRemateba. `kamerul TeatrSi~ Sesrulebuli reper-tuaridan gansakuTrebuli warmatebiT gamodioda romeos (u. Seqspiris `romeo da juli-eta~), ipolites (rasini `fedra~) da ibenis (o’nilis `siyvaruli Telebs qveS~) rolebSi. aq srulad gamovlinda msaxiobis tragikuli temperamenti, romantikuli mgznebareba da dramatuli konfliqtis mZafri warmosaxvis niWi.

n. wereTeli didgvarovani da mdidruli ojaxidan iyo, misi babua buxaris emiri gax-ldaT. misi namdvili gvaria said mir nudoiar xani. maS, saidan gaCnda qarTveli Tavadis gvari? mis garegnobaSi araferi iyo Suaaziuri, piriqiT, tipiuri evropeli iyo qarTuli ieriT. rusul scenaze moRvawe, rusulenovani xelovani, ratom aiRebda fsevdonimad maincdamainc qarTul gvars, Tu igi, ramenairad ar iyo dakavSirebuli am gvarTan? cno-

#5 2015


bilia Tu vin iyo misi babua, magram ucnobia vin iyo mamamisi. erTi sityviT, misi zusti war-momavloba CvenTvis ucnobia. magram, davaneboT yovelive amas Tavi. vimsjeloT mxolod misi garegnuli portretiT da misi msaxioburi individualobiT. igi iyo WeSmaritad sin-Teturi msaxiobi. misi plastikuroba, simRerisa da cekvis Tandayolili niWi, gamokveTili Teatraloba mafiqrebinebs, rom mis ZarRvebSi qarTuli sisxli Cqefda. asec rom ar iyos, ruseTis erT-erTi, msoflioSi aRiarebuli Teatris istoriaSi samudamod damkvidrda, msaxiobi qarTuli gvariT - n.m.wereTeli.

maqsim gorkis cremlebi

1903 wels moskovis samxatvro TeatrSi gaimarTa m.gorkis piesis, `fskerze~, premiera. speqtakls arnaxuli warmateba xvda wilad. mayurebeli gaognebuli iyo scenaze ganviTare-buli ambebiT. aseTi ram manamde arasodes enaxaT: didi realizmiT, ostatobiT da dama-jereblobiT gaiTamaSa Teatrma e.w. `bosiakebis~ yofa-cxovrebis, fskerze daSvebuli aut-saiderebis, ̀ yofilebis~ (yofili baroni, yofili aqtiori) xelmocaruli, gaubedurebuli adamianebis yoveldRiuri Wir-varami, maTi iluziebi da amao Zalisxmeva `maRla, `zeviT~ amosvlisaTvis. socialurad ase mZafri speqtakli manamde rusul scenaze ar warmoudgen-iaT. speqtaklis premieris Semdeg gaimarTa didi banketi, sadac, am Teatris erT-erTma damaarsebelma, vladimer nemiroviC-danCenkom brwyinvale sadRegrZelo warmosTqva (saqarTveloSi dabadebulsa da gazrdils es ar SeeSleboda!), xotba Seasxa avtors, uni-Wieresi dramaturgi uwoda da didi warmateba uwinaswarmetyvela (rac axda kidec) Teat-raluri xelovnebis asparezze. aRelvebuli, grZnobamoreuli da acremlebuli m.gorki mivida nemiroviCTan da uTxra `Zalian gTxovT, sapasuxo sityvac Tqven warmosTqviTo~.

reJisori diqtatorebi diqtatoris samSoblodan

giorgi (goga) tovstonogovis simkacrisa da Seuvalobis ambavi Teatralur wreebSi kar-gad iyo cnobili. rogorc ki daikava leningradis ̀ didi dramatuli Teatris~ (БДТ) mTavari reJisoris posti, im dResve daibara Tavis kabinetSi wamyvani msaxiobebi (romlebsac ukve moeswroT ramdenime samxatvro xelmZRvanelis gagdeba, ris gamoc Teatris mdgomareoba aSkarad savalalo gaxda) da ganucxada, `Tqven ukve `SeWameT~ Cemi winamorbedebi, icodeT, Cemi xorci ar iWmeva!~. ori Tu sami sezonis Semdeg, maCanCala БДТ erT-erTi upirvelesi Te-atri gaxda sabWoTa sivrceSi. msaxiobebi krTodnen mis winaSe, misi inteleqti, erudicia, didi Sinagani Zala da, vTqvaT pirdapir, genialoba, yvelas imorCilebda. marTali ambavia: Teatris radisti yoveldRiurad, repeticiis win, radioTi afrTxilebda msaxiobebs: `giorgi aleqsandroviCis manqana ukve daiZra Teatrisaken~... `giorgi aleqsandroviCi Teatrs mouaxlovda~... `ai, manqana ezoSi Semovida... is gadmovida manqanidan da Teatris karebs miuaxlovda~... aq wydeboda misi xma, radgan tovstonogovi ukve TeatrSi iyo.

tovstonogovis erT-erTi yvelaze gamoCenili moswavle, axla 70 wlis reJisori, mosk-ovis axalgazrduli Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvanelia, kama ginkasi, avtori mravali RirsSesaniSnavi speqtaklisa, romelTa Soris erT-erTi gamorCeulia a. Cexovis `Savi beri~(festival `saCuqaris~ meSveobiT, Tbiliselebsac aqvT nanaxi), Tavis maswavlebels stalinsac ki adarebs: `stalinis eSinodaT saSinlad da uyvardaT ganuzomlad. ase iyo gogasTanac. misic eSinodaT da, amav dros, aRmerTebdnen, aRtacebulni misi genialuri reJisuriT, gancvifrebulni misi mZlavri niWiT. TvalebSi Sescicinebdnen, netav, rogor Semxedavs, rogor gamicinebso. magram goga uaRresad TavSekavebuli iyo. masTan urTi-erToba Zalian rTuli iyo, magram ar maxsovs odesme xma aemaRlebinos, an wonasworoba daekargos. masSi, iseve rogorc stalinSi, iyo raRac kavkasiuri TavdaWeriloba, me asec vityodi, lomis simSvide, roca adamiani moSvebulia, modunebulia, magram Tu gaabrazeb, ZaluZs myisierad Tavi mogaWamos da es gaakeTos yovelgvari isterikis gareSe, uborotod, marjved da ubralod, ufro xSirad, iumoris momakvdinebeli grZnobiT~.

TiTqmis amasve ambobs tatiana doronina, rusuli Teatrisa da kinos gamoCenili msax-iobi, moskovis m. gorkis sax. samxatvro Teatris xelmZRvaneli, oleg basilaSvilis pir-


#5 2015

veli meuRle, TviTonac karga magari uxiaki da Tavneba diaci. igi da misi meuRlec, lenin-gradis `leninuri komkavSiris Teatris~ dasSi saukeTesoni iyvnen, da, rogorc Cans, es ar gamohparvia g. tovstonogovis maxvil Tvals da gadawyvita t. doroninas Tavis TeatrSi miyvana. t. doronina Tavis wignSi `msaxiobi qalis dRiuri~ igonebs: `tovstonogovTan rom mivdiodi, dedam pirjvari gadamwera. ai, ase, dedis locva-kurTxeviT Sevedi mis kabinetSi. rogorc ki daminaxa, umalve fexze wamodga da, ase fexze mdgari melaparakeboda, me ki arc velodi, rom igi saerTod damelaparakeboda _ me, damwyeb msaxiobs, cudad da Raribulad Cacmuls, raRac alublisferi yeliani fexsacmliT misuls. igi warmoudgenlad zrdili mamakaci iyo, yovelTvis yuradRebiani, TavdaWerili. roca usiamovno ramis Tqma undoda, kabinetSi dagibarebda da iq getyoda saTqmels. erTxel, amerikidan axlad dabrunebuli, repeticiaze Semovida. sarepeticioSi me da misi TanaSemwe viyaviT, gviTxra, raime nawyveti maCveneTo. bolomde uyura, mere me mommarTa: `tatiana, geTayva, Semodi Cems kabinetSi~. Sevedi, ̀ Tqven rom balerina yofiliyaviT, Tavisuflad SeZlebdiT ocdaTeqvsmeti fuetes Sesrulebas~, ase komplimentiT daiwyo saubari, `magram am rolSi ocdaTeqvsmeti fuete ki ar mWirdeba, aramed mxolod xuTi da, bolos da bolos me unda gavigo, Tu ras akeTebT~ (t. doroninam da a. basilaSvilma mravali roli brwyinvaled ganasaxieres g.tovstonogovis speqtaklebSi, magram tatianam ver gauZlo `despot~ reJisors da moskovSi gaiqca, iseve rogorc, cota mogvianebiT, uniWieresi msaxiobebi _ smoktunovski, borisovi, iurski).

sxvaTa Soris, rusTavelis Teatris msaxiobebi robert sturuas naxevrad xumrobiT, naxevrad seriozulad, imisda mixedviT Tu rogor moiqca maTi samxatvro xelmZRvaneli, kuluarebSi stalins uwodeben. amas winaT, erTi saintereso ambavi gaamxila: argentinaSi, buenos airesis Teatr `san martSi~ dgamda iujin o’nilis piesas èleqtras ZaZebi Svenis~. generalur repeticiaze, romelsac, inerciiT, dResac `pragons~ uwodeben, r.sturuam speqtakli Sekveca, amoiRo erT-erTi saukeTeso epizodi, romelSic SesaniSnavad TamaSob-da iq cnobili da popularuli msaxiobi qali. speqtaklis es epizodi imis gamo amoiRo, rom igi anelebda ritms da arc kompozicias ergeboda. ganawyenebulma msaxiobma profkavSireb-Si iCivla, xolo Tu ra ZalauflebiT da avtoritetiT sargeblobs evropaSi da amerikis kontinentze profkavSirebi, amis mowme me xSirad vyofilvar. msaxiobi qali Cioda - me didi energia davxarje da Cemi samuSao drois mravali saaTi movaxmare am rolis Seqmnas. es dro me SemeZlo ukeT gamomeyenebina Cems SemoqmedebaSio da kategoriulad iTxovda epizodis aRdgenas. Teatris general-intendantma r.sturuas uTxra. es msaxiobi marTalia, gTxovT aRadginoT epizodi, nu daupirispirdebiT profkavSirso. sturuam kategoriuli uari ga-nacxada. intendantma, meored, ufro dabejiTebiT gaumeora Txovna, cota ufro mkacri intonaciiT. r. sturua: ìciT Tu ara Tqven, rom me stalinis qveynidan var? - epizods ar aRvadgen!~ erTxans Secbunebul da gaognebul maspinZels xma ar gauRia, mere gascinebia da gasclia iqaurobas.

saerTod, sturua Tavis, ukve damTavrebul, speqtaklebs xSirad hkvecavs, Tuki xedavs, rom epizodi arRvevs kompoziciur mTlianobas anda gawelilia droSi. magaliTad, `kavka-siuri carcis~ wridan amoiRo vrceli epizodi: `mosamarTlis arCeva~, sadac r. CxikvaZis azdaki sruliad sxvagvarad gvevlineboda - Sav paltoSi Cacmuli, Savi saTvaliT, TeTri niRbiTa da SliapiT. laparakobda Secvlili xmiT da plastikuradac sxva kaci iyo. es epi-zodi groteskulad warmosaxavda sabWoTa arCevnebis mTel siyalbes da dekoratiulobas (cxadia, miniSnebiT da qveteqstebiT). da, saerTodac epizodi Zalze kargad iyo gaTamaSe-buli r. CxikvaZisa da r. CxaiZis mier, reJisorma mainc `gawira~ igi.

`cisferi~ da `vardisferi~

avadsaxsenebeli lavrenti berias sabraldebo daskvnaSi, sadac mis mier Cadenili dana-Saulebi da sazizRari kapitalisturi qveynebis sasargeblod misi `Spionoba~ iyo mxilebuli, erT-erTi braldeba exeboda mis daucxromel ltolvas lamazi qalebisadmi. sabraldebo daskv-naSi gvar-saxelebiT moxsenebulni iyvnen is ̀ putankebi~, romlebic, misma damqaSma, a.sarqisovma, veragulad gaaba dagebul maxeSi Tavisi didi SefisaTvis. am qalebis umravlesobas damTavre-buli hqonda ucxo enaTa instituti, zogi ìnturistSi~ muSaobda da zogi, maRali klasis sas-

#5 2015


tumroebsa da restornebSi. isini uSiSroebis organoebs, anu, berias uwyebas, Zalze Zvirfas da misTvis saintereso informacias awvdidnen. am sabraldebo daskvnas, n. xruSCovis politbiuros gadawyvetilebiT, sagangebod mowveul partiul krebebze da saxalxo Tavyrilobebze ixilavd-nen, rasac, zogjer, kuriozuli uxerxulobani axlda. vasil kiknaZes Tavis mogonebebSi moTxro-bili aqvs erTi amgvari SemTxveva, romelsac igi axalgazrdobisas Seeswro. kolmeurne glexobas am `daskvnas~ samuSao dRis damTavrebis Semdeg, saRamos saaTebSi, ukiTxavdnen. Sromisagan Za-lagamoclili glexoba Zilisken iyo midrekili da Zil-buranSi Cafluli. roca momxsenebelma waikiTxa fraza: `xalxis mters, berias, surda kolmeurneobis gauqmebao~, rogorc Cans, swored winadadebis bolo es ori sityva miswvda maT cnobierebas da umal mxurvale taSi dascxes..

sxvaTa Soris, axalgazrda qalebTan urTierTobis `daskvniseuli~ kvalifikacia, rogorc danaSaulisa da saxelmwifos Ralatisa, Zalian aradamajerebeli, erTob gazviadebuli iyo da TiTidan gamowovil ambavs hgavda, ris gamoc, Caxedul adamianebSi, igi mxolod ironiul Rimils iwvevda. vin ar icis, rom uxsovari droidan moyolebuli dRemde saxelmwifos gamgebelni - im-peratorebi, xelmwifeebi, prezidentebi, premier-ministrebi msubuqi yofaqcevis lamaz qalebs SpionaJisTvis iyenebdnen. zogierTi maTgani (mag. mata xara da olga Cexova) saerTaSoriso masStabis figurad iqca da legendaruli qalis saxeliT Sevida istoriaSi. ager, sul axlaxans, gamovida roland diumas, safrangeTis sagareo saqmeTa yofili ministris, mogonebaTa wigni, sadac igi aseT ambebs Cveulebrivad, raime sagangebo aqcentis gareSe gadmogvcems. igi wers, rom mas informaciis mravali wyaro gaaCnda, romelTa Soris erT-erTi iyo katia riuxas (igive goldfabi), parizSi Zalze elitaluri, saroskipo, romelic umaRlesi rangis diplomatebs em-saxureboda. rogorc mogonebebis avtori gvauwyebs, evropis mravali qveynis sagareo saqmeTa saministrosTan axlac arsebobs e.w. `Ramis komfortis samsaxuri~, romelic saxelmwifo inter-esebis arealSi moxvedril diplomatebs sTavazobs `meore baliSs~, romlis fers `cisfers~ Tu `vardisfers~, TviT `klienti~ irCevs sakuTari orientaciis mixedviT.

Cveni yofili prezidenti da misi Tanmxlebi `qaquCebi~ da `kakutebi~ iseT kolosalur Tanxas ixdidnen evropisa da amerikis qveynebis sastumroebSi cxovrebisas, rom maqvs `gonivruli eWvi~, isini uars ar ambobdnen `Ramis komfortis samsaxurze~ (`ratomac ara?!~ rogorc ityoda prezidentyofili).

roland diumam (axla 92 wlisaa) cxovrebis saintereso gza ganvlo, igi kargi publi-cisti da eseisti iyo. politikuri karieris dawyebamde ki Zalze warmatebuli advokati. igi, upirvelesad, icavda cnobili mxatvrebis interesebs, maT Soris iyvnen mark Sagali, jorjo de kiriko, JorJ braki, alberto jakometi da pablo pikaso. swored am ukanasknelis TxovniT ikisra man urTulesi davalebis Sesruleba: pikasos saxelganTqmuli `gernikas~ dabruneba espaneTSi, rac warmatebiT daagvirgvina kidec. miuxedavad xandazmulobisa, saintereso azrebs gamosTqvams msoflio politikasTan dakavSirebiT. mag. mas miaCnia, rom dRevandeli qaosi da ganukiTxaoba siriaSi, eraySi, libiaSi, ukrainaSi da a.S. dasav-leTma warmoqmna, ̀ gana Rirda damxoba yvela im fsevdodiqtaturisa, romelic inarCunebda wonasworobas msoflios sxvadasxva regionSi? me mirCevnia saqme mqondes amgvar `diqta-torebTan~ da ara sisxlian bandebTan, romelTa wyalobiTac gamefda anarqia, daingra yvela saxelmwifoebrivi struqtura~. wignSi `dRiurebi. 1984-2014~ mravali pikanturi am-bavia moTxrobili, aRwerilia politikurad arakoreqtuli Sexvedrebi kulisebSi da ku-riozuli SemTxvevebic. mag. is Tu rogor gaaTena Rame uzomod gamomtyvralma, ruseTis pirvelma prezidentma, warmoSobiT glexma, boris elcinma, mefis sawolSi, versalis tri-anonis sasaxleSi.

noliT noli

1980 wlis 20 aprils TbilisSi Camosuli, erT dros popularuli dramaturgi, mixeil Satrovi daeswro Tavisi piesis ̀ lurji cxenebi wiTel balaxze~ genialur repeticias rus-Tavelis TeatrSi. igi aRtacebuli darCa speqtakliT, gansakuTrebiT robert sturuas reJisuriT. ambobda _ `me Tavs damatyda udidesi talantis gamanadgurebeli Zala~. imav saRamos, es sityvebi gaimeora satelevizio programa `moambeSi~. Tumca amas xeli ar SeuS-lia Caedina yovlad samarcxvino saqcieli. moskovSi, rusTavelis Teatris gastrolebi-


#5 2015

sas, swored misi gancxadebis safuZvelze, es speqtakli, pirvelive Cvenebis Semdeg, moix-sna sagastrolo repertuaridan. am pirvel Cvenebaze speqtaklze mowveulni iyvnen Zveli partielebi da veterani revolucionerebi, romlebic aRSfoTdnen leninis saxis stu-ruaseuli interpretaciiT da saprotesto weriliT mimarTes ssrk komunisturi partiis centralur komitets da sakavSiro kulturis saministros. am dros es piesa, dadgmuli moskovis leninuri komkavSiris TeatrSi, saxelmwifo premiaze iyo wardgenili. m. Satro-vi SeSinda, namdvilad ar momcemeno premias da dawera gancxadeba, ar viziareb am dadgmis ideur Sinaarss da sasurvelia, rom igi aRar iqnes naCvenebi moskovSi...

m. Satrovis dokumentur piesaTa mTeli seria, ZiriTadad, exeboda leninsa da mis parti-ul-saxelmwifoebriv moRvaweobas.

TbilisSi, misi piesis generaluri repeticiis Sesvenebaze, m. Satrovma giga lorTqi-faniZes da me erTi saxaliso epizodi gviambo. moskovis samxatvro TeatrSi oleg efre-movma dadga misi piesa àse gavimarjvebT~ (`Так победим~), romelic, rasakvirvelia, kvlav lenins eZRvneboda. o. efremovma piradad sTxova k.p-is c.k-s generalur mdivans, leonid breJnevs, daswreboda speqtakls. marTlac, movida igi Tavisi umaRlesi kamariliiT. cxa-dia, moTavsdnen samTavrobo loJaSi. m. Satrovi: `leninis rols SesaniSnavad TamaSobda a.kaliagini. araCveulebrivi grimi hqonda gakeTebuli da zedmiwevniT hgavda lenins. da, ai, Semovida scenaze kaliagini. breJnevma gadaulaparaka loJaSi msxdom politbiuros wevrebs, àmxanagebo, lenini Semovida, unda mivesalmoT!~ adga da is iyo taSi unda daekra, rom m. suslovma droulad CamoqaCa `dabrZandiT, leonid iliC, Cven TeatrSi varT~. me es ambavi ufro Teatraluri anekdoti megona breJnevze, romelic im dros ukve karga magrad iyo gamoTayvanebuli da masze bevri anekdoti vrceldeboda. cxadia, mogonili iyo, aba, vin gaigona ra iTqva samTavrobo loJaSi da vin gamoitana gareT es ambavi?! magram, anek-doti ki ara, Turme, namdvili, gansacvifrebeli ambavi yofila. samxatvro Teatris msax-iobi da reJisori, vsevolod Silovski, Tavis vrcel, sayuradRebo publikaciaSi ùnamu-sobis kodeqsi~(`Кодекс бесчестья `), romelic, ZiriTadad, samxatvro Teatris orad gayofas da amasTan dakavSirebul dramatul-tragikul ambebs exeba, mogviTxrobs: `didi xani ar SevCerdebi mixeil Satrovisadmi Cems damokidebulebaze. mimaCnia, rom misi piesebi savsea istoriuli faqtebis falsifikaciiT, magram aleqsandre kaliaginma, marTlac kargad Sea-srula leninis roli. es iyo araCveulebrivi sanaxaoba. breJnevis mosvlisas samTavrobo loJas КГБ-s mecxre ganyofileba amzadebda. maT, ratomRac, ise aeriaT erTmaneTSi mavTu-lis sadenebi, rom loJaSi naTqvami yoveli sityva mSvenivrad ismoda darbazSi. ase, rom im saRamos mayurebelma eniT auwereli siamovneba miiRo. piesis siuJetis mixedviT, lenini modioda momakvdavi sverdlovis sanaxavad. reJisoris CanafiqriT, sawoli, romlis win lenini idga, carieli iyo. kaliagini iwyebda: ài, amxanago iakob mixailoviC, gana ase Sei-Zleba?..

_ sverdlovi sadRaa? _ dainteresda leonid iliCi._ is aq ar aris, es reJisoris xerxia! _ auxsna gverdiT mjdomma andrei gromikom, po-

litbiuros wevrma, sagareo saqmeTa ministrma. _ a-a-a! Semdeg lenini viRacas Zalzed uwyreboda, yviroda. kaliaginis mZafri monologi, rep-

likam gawyvita: _ ki magram ra ayvirebs? _ ibrZvis, _ eubneba gromiko. _ beladebi ar unda yvirodnen _ damrigebluri kiloTi warmosTqva breJnevma, _ ai, me

Sen xom arasodes giyviri?~ amas mosdevs leninis saubari muSasTan, romelsac georgi (Jora) burkovi TamaSobda.

Joras metyvelebaSi (diqciaSi) problemebi hqonda. igi, mizanscenis mixedviT, mTavrobis loJasTan zurgiT idga. am dros gaisma xma.

_ araferi ar mesmis. Joram decibeli moumata. _ mainc araferi mesmis _ daiCivla leonid iliCma. maSin Joram zurgi Seaqcia lenins da mimarTa breJnevs. kaliagini ki replikebs Joras

zurgs awvdida.

#5 2015


_ ai, axla kargad ismis, _ ganacxada breJnevma. am scenis Semdeg, breJnevi uceb wamodga da gavida loJidan. efremovsa da Satrovs ki-

naRam sisxli CaeqcaT tvinSi. mcire xnis Semdeg generaluri mdivani dabrundeba da dar-bazs Seatyobina: `noliT nolia!~

Turme televiziaSi uCvenebdnen xokeis matCs (iliCi ki am sportis Tavgadakluli gulSe-matkivari iyo. n.g.) da angariSi ainteresebda~.

didi rivera da marevna

meqsikis didi, saerTaSoriso Teatraluri festivalis, `servantinos~, guli _ guanaxuato, erT-erTi ulamazesi da uZvelesi qalaqia, ganTqmuli Tavisi universitetiT (Zveleburi iezui-turi centri), sakoncerto amfiTeatrebiT, TeatrebiT, muzeumiT, dekoratiuli mcenareebiT, yvavilebiT, avokados maradmwvane xeebiT da aJuruli RobiT SemosazRvruli, marmarilos filebiT dafaruli veeba moednebiT da aq gamarTuli karnavalebiT. SesaniSnavi mwerali, kar-los fuentesi, werda: `guanaxuato meqsikaSi daaxloebiT igivea, rac evropaSi flandrea, guli, kvintesencia stilisa da erovnuli Taviseburebisa~, xolo `servantinos~ festivalTan dakav-SirebiT dastambul didtanian prospeqtSi `memoria – 82~ mxaris gubernatori mravalricxovan xelovanT ase warudgenda am mSvenier qalaqs: `xalxis yoveldRiurma mcdelobam da gonierma xelma daamgvana Cveni qalaqi `Teatrs cis qveS~, gaiyvana quCebi da Seqmna moednebi ara mxolod utilitaruli mizniT, aramed, rogorc cocxali gamoxatuleba adamianuri garemosi, romelic, Tavis mxriv, SemoqmedebiTi da kulturuli sulis gansaxierebaa, qalaqi, romelsac ganuzrax-avs iyos kulturis gansaxiereba da ara adamianTa mcire jgufis gasarTobi adgili, ueWvelad gadaiqceva yvela xalxis cxovrebis gamomxatvelad~.

rusTavelis TeatrTan erTad, me aq orgzis (1975 da 1982 w.w.) momiwia yofna da im mrav-alferovani da sakvirveli STabeWdilebebidan, rac aq miviRe, sagangebod aRvniSnav saxel-ganTqmuli mxatvar-monumentalistis, meqsikis saamayo Svilis, diego riveras saxl-muz-eums, romelmac mravali fiqri aRmiZra da bevric gamaxsena warsulidan. es saxl-muzeumi viqtorianuli stilis patara, orsarTuliani Senobaa, Tavisi amwvanebuli patioTi. saer-Tod, aseTi stilis saxlebi prevalireben meqsikis patara qalaqebSi _ puebla, leone, tu-luka, aguas-kalientesi... reproduqciebis, albomebis da msoflios sxvadasxva muzeumSi eqsponirebuli namuSevrebiT, ase Tu ise, vicnobdi diego riveras Semoqmedebas, magram, rac vnaxe mexikoSi, es iyo Tavzardamcemi Tavisi masStabiT da ZalmosilebiT. ise moxda, rom orivejer im sastumroSi mogvaTavses `reformis prospeqtze~ (misi sigrZe 18 kilom-etri iyo 1982 wels), romlis TvalSeudgami interieris uzarmazari kedlebi diegos mier iyo moxatuli (erTi, SedarebiT patara, kedeli tamaios mouxatavs).

es iyo meqsikis revoluciis mRelvare dReebis amsaxveli pano, saidanac gvimzerdnen revoluciis pirquSi beladebi. Tavisufali espaneli konkistadorebi, mziT garujuli glexebi, siamayiT savse glexis qalebi, mrisxanebiT savse TvalebiT (oqtavio pazi werda rom: `meqsikelebi mxolod revoluciis Semdeg gaxdnen kacobriobis Tanadroulni~). ma-gram, es uzarmazari pano miniaturasaviT gamoiyureba acketebis stadionis moxatulo-basTan SedarebiT. stadionis mTel garsSemoweril perimetrze gamosaxuli monumentu-ri figurebi, xveulebi, ornamentebi, moculobebi waruSleli STabeWdilebiT aRavsebs mnaxvels. rasakvirvelia, mTeli am diadi ferweris Semqmneli da mxatvar-SemsrulebelTa mTeli koleqtivia, magram idea, eskizebi, kompoziciebi xom riveras ekuTvnis da mxolod mis saxelTan asocirdeba es yovelive?! amitom, xiluls mxolod mas miawer da gikvirs, nuTu Cveulebrivi adamiania amis Semqmneli, romelsac mosdgams herkulesis Zalmosileba da mizandasaxuloba (aseTi gancda dameufla miqelanjelos siqstis kapelas moxatulo-bis cqerisas). marTalia, TviTon diego rivera deviviT kaci iyo, mudam wvermoSvebuli, gadmokarkluli sisxliani TvalebiT, win wamozrdili mucliT, didi TaviT da Zlieri mkerdiT (yovel SemTxvevaSi aseTia igi, amadeo modelianis mier Seqmnil portretSi), ma-gram, mainc, Znelia warmosaxvis da STagonebis aseTi masStabebi erT mxatvars daukavSiro. Tumca, visac unaxavs mexikos gansacvifrebeli `antropologiuri muzeumi~, aq warmodge-nili uzarmazari qvis `mzis saaTebi~, `kalendrebi~, saritualo atributebi, salocavebi,


#5 2015

piramidebi da sxvadasxva kultTan (mze, mTvare) dakavSirebuli sagnebi, mixvdeba, rom sam-yaros swored amgvarma filosofiurma da esTetikurma aRqmam ganapiroba didi sameulis - alfero david sikeroisis, diego riveras da rufino tamaios monumenturi, grandio-zuli ciklebi, istoriul-filosofiuri simboloebi, abstraqtul-dekoratiuli efeqti, kontrastebi, formaTa dinamika da, bolos, sabrZolo suliskveTebiT gamsWvaluli pa-Tosuroba. magram, guanaxuatos saxl-muzeumSi sxva diego vixile, grafikosi, Janristi, lirikosi, parizis quCebisa Tu kafeebis cxovrebaze etiudebis avtori. am kontrastma gamaoca. aqve iyo gamofenili misi parizeli megobrebis - modelianis, pikasos, sutinis, Ja-kobis, marevnas mier naCuqari ferweruli da Tu grafikuli suraTebi. am saqveynod cno-bili mxatvrebidan, Cveni mkiTxvelisaTvis naklebad cnobilia saxeli marevnasi, romelic diegosaTvis gacilebiT meti iyo, vidre megobari.

maria broneslavis asuli vorobiov-stebelskaia (marevna) iyo Tvalwarmtaci, egzotikuri garegnobis qali, Zalian Tamami, gamomwvevad Tavisufali qcevebis, mxatvrebis e.w. `parizuli skolis~ TvalsaCino warmomadgeneli, impresionisti da puantelisturi stilis mimdevari. daibada ruseTis provinciaSi (CuvaSeTi), dedamisi moxetiale dasis primadona iyo da erTob ux-vkalTiani diaci, Zlieri sqesis warmomadgenlebis mimarT. ori wlis maria iSvila (raRa iSvila, namdvili mama iyo) mdidarma polonelma aristokratma, broneslav stebelskim. ucnauri kaci iyo es stebelski, Tavgadakluli monadire, duelianti, pokeristi, xelgaSlili. marias biWurad zrdida, aswavla srola, jiriTi, civi iaraRis xmareba. ukve moswrebul gogonas STaagonebda: `me minda Sen gamoxvide arwivis marTve da ara dedali qaTami~. male bronislavi TbilisSi gad-movida samuSaod da sacxovreblad. maria Tbilisis gimnaziaSi swavlobda, qarTulad laparaki uWirda, magram bunebiT Tamami qaliSvili, ar ufrTxoda Secdomebs da rusul aqcents. gim-naziaSi xatvasac aswavlidnen da maria Zalian muyaiTad Seudga xatvis xelovnebis kanonebis aTvisebas. es qala-biWi, ratomRac, ucnaur figurebs xatavda, qimerebs, eSmakeulebs, alqajebs, urCxulebs. yvela am naxatSi amoicnoboda misi pedagogebi, magram vin iyo iseTi suleli, eRi-arebina, me mgavso. piriqiT, uqebdnen niWs, samyaros ucnaur xilvebs da did momavals uwinas-warmetyvelebdnen. b.stebelskim qaliSvili saswavleblad moskovis, stroganovebis ganTqmul saswavlebelSi gagzavna, Semdeg romSi. italiaSi yofnisas xSirad stumrobda kunZul kaprze mcxovreb maqsim gorkis da ̀ rusul kolonias~. gorkis vaJiSvils, iuri JeliabuJskis, umal Seuy-varda es laRi qaliSvili da romanis gabmac scada, magram am droisTvis - 1911 welia - arc maqsim gorki iyo jabani da Tavis mxriv, vnebaaRZruli, cdilobda marias moxelTebas. magram, Tu marias mogonebebs davujerebT, mama-Svils xeli moecaraT. `rusuli koloniis~ mxiarulebis, zeimis, siyvaruli da vnebis morevSi gadaeSva momxiblavi maria, magram kapris mSvenieri peizaJebis etiudebisTvisac poulobda dros. m. gorkim urCia, artistul fsevdonimad aeRo _ marevna. ka-pris Semdeg parizs gaemgzavra, umalve modernistuli mxatvrebis garemocvaSi aRmoCnda, gaic-no da dauaxlovda yvela axalgazrda genioss, bina daido maT ̀ bunagSi~ _ mdinare senis marcxena sanapiroze mdebare saxlSi - La Ruche. pirvelxanebSive dauaxlovda polonel kislings, ruseTi-dan gamoqceul xaim sutins, futurist ilia erenburgs, skulptorsa da poets maqsim voloSins (masTan romani hqonda). erenburgi eubneboda `Tqven erTdroulad gevxarT dacemul angelozs da eSmakeuls, Slegs, mouTvinierebel Zu vefxvs~. `igi Zalze egzotikurad gamoiyureboda, ma-gram iyo gulubryvilo, mimndobi, simarTlis moyvaruli, pirdapiri da patiosani (ixile misi `adamianebi, wlebi, cxovreba~). pirveli msoflio omis win `bohema~ gadavida monparnasze, kafe rotondaSi, sadac Tavs iyridnen, rogorc `rusi parizelebi~ - b.savnikovi, balmonti, Sagali, voloSini, trocki (Wadraks eTamaSeboda kandinskis) - aseve `parizuli skolis~ rCeulni - pika-so, braki, sutini, modeliani, cadkini (ukve marevnas sayvareli), poetebi - apolineri, maks Jako-bi, Jan kokto. erTxel `rotondas~ Carli Caplini ewvia da `bohemam~ mxurvale ovacia gaumarTa mas... movida leninic... `bohema~ sdumda. mSier-mwyurvali modernistebi karnavaluri TavaSve-bulobiT cxovrobdnen da TavdaviwyebiT xatavdnen. marevna am karnavalis mgznebare monawile iyo, `me viyavi Tavze xelaRebuli yaCaRana, mejlisebze Tu Sexvedrebze mivdiodi kacurad Cac-muli, maRalsayeloian Sav CeqmebSi, galifeSi, Tbilisidan wamoRebul fafaxSi gamowyobili. bevrs movwondi, xSirad, Zalian bevrs. ar veridebodi skandalebs, xSirad gadamibrunebia mag-ida, maspinZlebis vai-uSvelebelze gulianad vxarxarebdi~. marevna sayovelTao yuradRebis centrSi iyo rogorc mSvenieri qali, magram CrdilSi idga rogorc mxatvari. 1919 wels marevna absoluturad usaxsrod darCa. misma monadire mamam, paroqsizmis Semotevis dros, pirSi Caido

#5 2015


orluliani Tofi da... qali iZulebuli gaxda ecxovra ise, rogorc yvelaze Rarib-Rataki emi-granti mxatvrebi cxovrobdnen, anu ̀ rotondas~ mflobelis, ̀ mamilo libionis~ xarjze. marevna xandaxan `mowyalebis saxlSi~ ikvebeboda, vidre gulmowyale italielma qalbatonma, rozalia tobim (isic mxatvrobisa da mxatvrebis Tayvanismcemeli iyo. gonebas hkargavda ulamazes amadeo modelianze da misi xaTriT mzad iyo yvela misi megobari daepurebina) ar Seifara. swored roza-lias duqanSi moxda marevnas sabediswero Sexvedra diego riverasTan.

marevnas mogonebebidan: ài, Semovida uzarmazari tanis diego, Ripiani, msuqani vnebi-ani tuCebiT, wyliani TvalebiT, ecva saRebavebiT moTxvrili tilos lurji Sarvali, igi namdvil mavrs hgavda da warmoudgenlad momxiblavi iyo~. am droisTvis diego ukve saxel-moxveWili meqalTane iyo, mis danaxvaze qalebs guli uRondebodaT, meyseulad afeTqe-buli vnebisa da ndomisagan. igi ukve coliani iyo. magram, igi uyvarda ara marto qalebs, aramed poetebsa da mxatvrebs. diego sikeTisa da siyvarulis vulkani iyo, xelgaSlili, moqeife, ambebis araCveulebrivad momTxrobi. mas Semdeg rac meqsikis qalaq san-karlo-sis samxatvro akademiaSi evropis qveynebSi mogzaurobis granti miiRo, briuselSi gaicno rusi mxatvari angelina belova, masTan erTad Camovida parizSi da 1914 wels, berta valis galereaSi gamarTa personaluri gamofena. angelinac uaRresad keTili qali aRmoCnda da amitomac axalgazrda mxatvrebis `banda~ xSirad stumrobda diegos saxelosnos, sadac Rvino da purmarili elodebodaT.

erTxel diegom marevna saxlSi dapatiJa, magram qalma raRac eniT auxsneli uxerxuloba igrZno da gadawyvita, rom xSirad ar Sexvedroda. miuxedavad imisa, rom `Cems irgvliv moriale mamakacebidan yvelaze metad momwonda diego. yuradRebas ar vaqcevdi arc mis brtyelterfianobas, arc mis Rips da arc mis feTxumobas. aRtacebuli viyavi misi dide-buli, TiTqos, saracinis, TaviT, win wamoweuli TvalebiT, romelic xandaxan cecxliviT gizgizebda, momwonda, roca misi saxe fiTrdeboda da mere abrialdeboda. roca is lapar-aks iwyebda, yvela Cumdeboda, imis gamo ki ara, Tu ras laparakobda, aramed rogor lapara-kobda~. Semdeg, marevnas sulSi siyvarulTan erTad gaiRviZa sibralulis grZnobam, roca Seeswro am veeba kacis waqcevas avi znis Semotevis Semdeg... saintereso ambavs hyveboda, uceb Sewyvita laparaki da mTlad gafiTrda, saxe gaeyina, Tvalis gugebi gadmoutrialda, goneba dakarga da Zlivs moasulieres. mTeli aTi weli keTili angelina udrtvinvelad uv-lida avznian meuRles. icoda misi daucxromeli cxovrebis ambebi, magram mSvidad iyo, ime-di hqonda, diego mainc miubrundeboda. angelina grZnobda, rom diegos vneba ukve marevna-sadmi iyo mimarTuli. erTxel, erenburgi, pikaso da marevna saxelosnoSi ewvivnen diegos. wasasvlelad rom moemzadnen, riveram Tqva: `marevna Zalian gacivebulia, misi saxelosno ki namdvili sayinulea, amaRam darCes CemTan, ase ajobebs~. RamiT, ZilburanSi, marevnas aseTi dialogi Caesma: `me miyvars marevna da uZluri var am siyvarulis winaSe. angelina, es ambavi Sen unda uTxra, me amas verasodes SevZleb~. `kargi, kargi dawynardi - wynarad war-mosTqva angelinam _ nu Relav, movagvareb yvelafers, axla ki daiZine, Torem gaaRviZeb da SeSindeba~. dilauTenia marevna gamoipara diegos saxelosnodan. angelina am dros fexmZ-imed iyo. marevna gaurboda diegos, magram erTxel, wveulebaze moixelTa Zlevamosilma mamrma. cariel oTaxSi gaiyvana, SampaniuriT gaavso ori Tasi, Semdeg orives sisxlis wveTebi Seuria sasmels da Sesves. ès induri ritualia, romelic Cven SegvaerTebs mrava-li, mravali wlis manZilze. samudamod~. angelina avadmyofobda. bednieri wyvili ki laR-ad daseirnobda parizis quCebSi da luvris darbazebSi. diegom gaacno matisi, aaxlovebda galeristebs, modioda qalis saxelosnoSi, aZlevda rCevebs, uyveboda meqsikur miTebze da cxovrebaze. marevna TandaTan efloboda misi zegavlenis morevSi. am dros misi yofili sayvareli voloSini gamoecxada `ruseTSi revoluciam gaimarjva. axla iq Tavisuflebaa. me mivdivar! wamodi Senc!~ marevnam, moulodnelad, gamosavali ipova da daeTanxma, magram aq saqmeSi Caeria pikaso: àr waxvide, Cven Sengan SevqmniT namdvil mxatvars da arafriT naklebi ar iqnebi mari loransze~. am sityvebma gadaawyvetina qals parizSi darCena. male ilia erenburgi ewvia: `yuri damigde marevna! guSin, saRamos, gamomecxada diego. es kaci sul mTlad gadavida Wkuidan. kinaRam momkla. xmamaRla mosTqvamda. Sen undixar Tavdavi-wyebiT, geficebi. giJdeba Senze. gamagebine, ra xdeba Tqvens Soris? aqa maqvs magis werili, momismine: `Zvirfaso ilia! me miyvars marevna da es angelinamac icis. meti aRar SemiZlia Cem colTan cxovreba, is Cemi coli aRar aris. axla igi fexmZimedaa. es man specialurad


#5 2015

gaakeTa, raTa masTan davrCeniliyavi. me misi Zalian madlieri var. igi yovelTvis Cemi saukeTeso megobari iyo. magram axla, yvelaferi damTavrda. ar SeiZleba es kidev didx-ans gagrZeldes. marevna an aqedan unda gaemgzavros, an darCes CemTan. angelina gayraze Tanaxmaa~. erenburgi: `gamxnevdi marevna, aseT siyvaruls Sen veRarasodes ver eRirsebi. ise, gulwrfelad rom vTqva, am diegos kargi gemovneba hqonia~... Seyvarebulebs bednieri Taflobis Tve daudgaT, siyvarulTan erTad, orives didi SemoqmedebiTi aRmafrena ew-viaT, erTad muSaobdnen saxelosnoSi, erTad ifinebodnen, magram Znelze Zneli aRmoCnda am kacTan cxovreba. gaSmagebuli temperamenti, sigiJis Semotevebi, mZvinvare eWvianoba (eWvianobda pikasoze da erenburgze) stanjavda qals. erTxel col-qmari quCaSi Sexvda pikasos. cbierma pikasom, viTom SemTxveviT, xeli Seavlo marevnas ZuZus. saxelosnoSi dabrunebulTa Soris gaimarTa skandaluri scena. qalma gadareul diegos uTxra: `me mas-Tan ar vyofilvar, samwuxarod~. isedac gadareuli, sul mTlad gadairia, dakarga goneba, staca xeli danas da yelSi gamousva... qali sisxlSi curavda. gadarCa... monanieba, kvlav Cx-ubi, erTmaneTis lanZRva-gineba, siyvaruli; cema-tyepas enacvleboda kocna-alersi. erTi aseTi gaafTrebuli Sexla-Semoxla loginSi gagrZelda dauokebeli seqsiT. kulminaciur momentSi marevnam saguldagulod gadamaluli dana zurgSi Casca diegos (gamoadga mamami-sis gakveTilebi). ase rom, am siyvarulis kvali Sramad darCaT orives - qals yelze, kacs zurgSi. gauCndaT qaliSvili, marika. meore msoflio omis dros saSinel siduxWires ganic-didnen, mieZalen alkohols da narkotikebs. erTxel gaTriaqebuli marevna meore sarTu-lidan gadaxta, magram saswaulebrivad gadarCa. diegos mobezrda marikasTan da marevnas-Tan cxovreba da male miatova isini. dabrunda meqsikaSi, SeirTo ulamazesi qali, male isic miatova da sxva, kidev ufro mSvenier qalze daqorwinda. rogorc Cans, diegos, qalis siy-varulis gareSe cxovreba da Semoqmedeba ar SeeZlo, magram vinc uyvarda, yvelas uRalata. uyvarda komunizmi, magram, Cveulebisamebr, masac uRalata, mxolod mxatvrobisTvis ar uRalatia. gardaicvala 1957 wels. datova uzarmazari memkvidreoba. dasaflavebulia meqsikeli geniosebis gverdiT, rotondaSi, samoqalaqo panTeon `dolaresSi~.

marevna? misi ferwera sayovelTao yuradRebis centrSi moeqca, monawileobda parizis prestiJul gamofenebSi `Semodgomis saloni~. misi qaliSvili marika, romelsac diegom, bolos da bolos, misca Tavisi gvari, jer cekvavda aisidora dunkanis dasSi, Semdeg cno-bili balerina da kinovarskvlavi gaxda. misi ZalisxmeviT, 1971 wels, gaimarTa marevnas didi gamofena JenevaSi, 2004 wels ki moskovSi, `tretiakovis galereaSi~, manve gamosca dedamisis `memuarebi~ (2005w.). marevna gardaicvala 1984 wels, inglisSi, sadac igi bolo wlebi cxovrobda. diego rivera, miuxedavad yvelafrisa, samudamod darCa mis gulSi, Cven ki davamTavroT es etiudi ise, rogorc mTavrdeba marevnas `memuarebi~: `es iyo didebuli dro. axalgazrdobiT aRZruli grZnoba aRtkinebisa... sixaruli, gamowveuli imis gamo, rom ekuTvni sayovelTaod aRiarebul mxatvarTa jgufs, romelTac erTi mizani da erTiani amocanebi amoZravebT. mxolod Cveni gamoCenac ki parizis quCebSi yvelas yuradRebas ipy-robda. rogorc wesi, win, mtkice nabijiT, meqsikuri xeljoxis qneviT, midioda uzarma-zari, wvermoSvebuli diego rivera. Semdeg me _ vardisferi italiuri TavsarqmeliT, velosipedistis brijebiT da mamiseuli wamosasxamiT, welze Semortymuli farTo qam-riT, TeTr windebSi da Sav fexsacmelebSi. Semdeg, modiliani, aRorZinebis epoqis Tval-ismomWreli kululebiT, bolomde Caxsnili perangiT da wigniT xelSi. mas mosdevda xaim sutini, Tvalebamde CamoSvebuli Savi TmiT, Semdeg cxenisTaviani erenburgi da lomisTa-viani voloSini, pikaso, maks Jakobi~.

#5 2015


raWa. saqarTvelos am madlian kuTxeSi araerTi Rirseuli Svili Sobila, ara erT raWvel kacs gauwevia didi samsaxuri Tavisi kuTxisaTvis. giga jafariZe im Rirseul moRvaweTa rigs ganekuTvneba, romlebmac raWis cxovrebas didi amagi dasdes. am Cinebulma Semoqmedma mTeli Tavisi niWi, uSreti energia mSobliur raWvelebs moaxmara.

XX saukunis meore naxevarSi saqarTvelos Teatralur rukaze onis Teatric figurireb-da. Tumc saxalxo Teatri iyo, magram mis speqtaklebs arc mayurebeli aklda, arc profe-sional kritikosTa Sefaseba. amitom waruSlelia giga jafariZis kvali raWis cxovrebaSi _ es is Semoqmedi gaxldaT, romelic Tavis kuTxes amSvenebda da asaxelebda.

giga jafariZis varskvlavi onSi

swored amiT gaxldaT ganpirobebuli is, rom 17 oqtombers onis saxalxo TeatrTan giga jafariZis varskvlavi gaixsna. ceremonialze uamravma xalxma moiyara Tavi, ara mxolod maT, visac ugemnia giga jafariZis mier gaweuli SemoqmedebiTi Sromis nayofi, isinic mov-idnen, vinc am qveynad giga jafariZis wasvlis Semdeg gaCnda, magram smeniaT Tu raoden amagdari kaci daabijebda raWis miwaze.

giga jafariZis Rvawlze, mis damsaxurebaze mSobliuri kuTxis winaSe isaubres onis Tea-tris reJisorma revaz SerazadiSvilma, onis municipalitetis sakrebulos Tavmjdomarem Suqura jafariZem, saqarTvelos Teatraluri sazogadoebis Tavmjdomarem, parlamentis wevrma gogi qavTaraZem, msaxiobma, saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrma gia jafariZem da sxv.


#5 2015

saubari qarTul Teatralur kritikaze(gagrZeleba. dasawyisi ixileT `T da c~ #3, 4. 2015)

andro enuqiZe:baTumis ilia WavWavaZis sax. dramatuli Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvaneli

1. vuwev, oRond maTze fiqrs viwyeb mas Semdeg, rac pre-miera ukve gamoSvebulia.

2. dasadgmel nawarmoebze rom viwyeb fiqrs, vcdilob gaviTvaliswino is zogadi tendenciebi, rasac Teatrm-codneoba kargad flobs.

3. ara, ra Tqma unda. amas ar mivesalmebi. ar iwereba da es aris cudi, magram, vfiqrob, amasac Tavisi mizezi aqvs. kritikas, iseve rogorc sazogadoebrivi saqmianobis nebi-smier sferos saqarTveloSi, Tavisi problemebi aqvs. Tea-traluri kritika aris ganuyofeli nawili qarTuli Tea-

trisa. amdenad, naklovanebebi sarkiseburad gadadis cocxali Teatridan kritikaSi da piriqiT. rac Seexeba uaryofiT recenziebs, mxolod da mxolod Teoretikosis diplomi ar kmara saimisod, rom kritikosma mkveTrad uaryofiTi Sefaseba misces im cocxal pro-cesebs, rac qarTul TeatrSi xdeba. saerTod, Teatrsac da kritikossac meti zrdiloba marTebT. etyoba, am mosazrebidan gamomdinare, qarTuli kritika uaryofiTi Sefasebisas mokrZalebulobas iCens, TumcaRa, SeiZleba sakiTxi amgvaradac davayenoT _ davweroT da vaqoT, rac qebisa da analizis Rirsia, xolo uaryofiTi imdenad didia da bevri, rom misi moreva am etapze, praqtikulad, warmoudgenelia.

4. Zalian saintereso analiziT gamoirCeoda, Cemi mokrZalebuli azriT, irina RoRober-iZisa da levan xeTaguris recenziebi baTumis Teatris `makbetis~ Sesaxeb.

nana kvasxvaZe: `SiSveli Teatris~ xelmZRvaneli1. dRevandel Teatralur kritikas, imas, rasac hqvia

Teatraluri kritika, presaSi, periodikaSi ver wavawydi. is, rac iwereba, aris garegnuli aRwera im namuSevrisa, rac reJisorma da msaxiobebma gaswies. dRevandeli kritikosi, faqtiurad, miyveba speqtaklis Sinaarss. me ki misgan am speqtaklis analizi, misi Sefaseba, Teatralur sivrceSi misi adgilis da mniSvnelobis garkveva mainteresebs.

kritikas angariSi unda gaewios. unda gaewios Tundac im TvalsazrisiT, rom ar modunde, rogorc profesionali. piradad CemTvis, Teatris nebismieri muSakis _ kapeldin-eris, rekvizitoris, yvela TanamSromlis, romlebic Semovlen repeticiaze, azri sainteresoa da ra Tqma unda, miT ufro, profesionali Teatrmcodnis mosazreba. iseT TeatrmcodneTa Sromebi, rogorebic iyvnen, magaliTad, boiajievi, kenet taineni, dResac aqtualuria. CemTvis qar-Tul Teatralur kritikaSi vaxtang qarTveliSvilis, merab gegias Teatraluri statiebi Tavad warmoadgenen xelovnebis nimuSebs.

2. yoveli CvenTaganisTvis saWiroa kritikuli azris, mosazrebis gaziareba. magram am bolo dros mraval Cvengans amZimebs azrovneba, fiqri. ratom amZimebT? albaT, imitom, rom saTanadod ar floben profesiul codnas. profilis codna aris aucilebeli. rekviz-itoris azri Tu mainteresebs, kritikosis ufro ar mainteresebs? magram man rekvizitorze

#5 2015


meti xom unda miTxras? kritika azrs da survils unda badebdes, nebismieri, dadebiTi iqneba is, Tu uaryofiTi. Tu is arafers badebs, maSin faseulic ar aris. rodesac scenaze muSaobas vasrulebT da uwyvetad gavdivarT repeticias, merab gegias vTxov xolme, naxos Cemi namuSevari. metad rogor gamovxato Cemi damokidebuleba am sferos mimarT?

3. ar iwereba. radgan ar keTdeba analizi, radgan ar arsebobs kriteriumebi, maSasad-ame, arc iwereba. kritika Tu analitikuri ar aris, is srulfasovnad ar CaiTvleba. roca xelovani qmnis nawarmoebs, es aris realoba. me mainteresebs is miTxra, rac ver davinaxe piesaSi, an rac arasworad an sworad gaviazre. kriteriumebiT aravin azrovnebs arc Te-atrSi, arc literaturaSi da arc sxva saxelovnebo sferoSi. vaxtang qarTveliSvilis recenzias rom waikiTxavdi, nanaxi rom ar gqonoda speqtakli, aucileblad waxvidodi mis sanaxavad. axla ase aRar weren.

4. aTi welia arsebobs ̀ SiSveli Teatri~. gvaqvs afiSebi, feisbuqSi devs informaciebi Cve-ni premierebisa da gastrolebis Sesaxeb. vTamaSobT nebismier sivrceSi _ eqsterierSic, interierSic. ar unda dainteresdes Teatrmcodne, rom mipatiJebis gareSe, sakuTari ini-ciativiT gaecnos Teatris speqtaklebs, mis SemoqmedebiT koleqtivs? dedaqalaqSic da regionebSic mimdinareobs Teatraluri procesebi, romelTa garkveuli nawili qarTveli Teatrmcodneebis interesis miRma rCeba. rezultati amaze metyvelebs. faqtiurad, iseTi mniSvnelovani Teatraluri sfero, rogoric aris Teatraluri kritika, amorfuli gaxda. imisaTvis, rom kritikosma Seqmnas azri (rac aris am dargis pirdapiri funqcia), amisTvis unda iyo obieqturi da profesionali. amiT unda daimkvidros Teatrmcodnem Tavisi niSa.

reJisorebis damsaxurebaa, rom maT TeatrSi amxela funqcia miiniWes. maT gazardes saTqmeli TeatrSi TavianTi mxatvruli azrovnebiT. Tu Teatralurma kritikam ar gazarda Tavisi funqcia, (romelsac mas aravin gauzrdis Tavisi nebiT, medalsac aravin Camokidebs, premiasac aravin miscems), maSin mas yovelTvis meorexarisxovani roli eqneba. rodesac restornebSi kerZebisa da sasmelebis Sesamowmeblad midian, es udidesi movlenaa mTeli momuSave personalisTvis, radgan maTi namuSevris Sefasebazea damokidebuli am re-stornebis momavali muSaoba _ isini an iZenen varskvlavebs, an kargaven. Cven, Teatrebi, veRar gavxdiT kritikosebis Sefasebis Rirsni?

akaki xidaSeli: msaxiobi1-2. pirvel da meore SekiTxvaze erT pasuxs gagcemT. qarTul

Teatralur kritikas angariSs gavuwev da Teatraluri kritikosis mosazreba momexmareba kidec (sxva profesiis adamianis gonivruli mosazrebac), magram jer damdgmel reJisorTan SevaTanxmeb. re-Jisorma mando roli, misgan wamovida pirveladi impulsi da jer misi SekveTa Sevasrule. amitom kritikosis (Tu arakritikosis) rag-indara momxibvlel mosazrebas ar avitaceb manamde, vidre Cemi ro-lis TanaSemqmnelTan ar SevaTanxmeb. vimsjelebT, avwon-davwoniT da saboloo gadawyvetilebamde erTad mivalT.

3. ra xdeba, ar vici. me mgoni, sabWoeTidan bolomde ver gavTavisu-fldiT. amas miumateT isic, rom Cven yvelani erTmaneTs vicnobT da viciT, rom arafris Tqmas aRar aqvs azri. iseTi feodaluri garemo gvaqvs, rom yvela frTxilobs, dRes Tu ara xval kbili ar gamkrano.

aseTi azri Camomiyalibda _ arasodes vurCevdi arc erT Cems axlobels, rom Caebare-binaT Teatrmcodneobaze. amis mizezi gaxlavT is Sinagani drama, rasac am profesiis adamianebi atareben da ris Sesaxebac, Cemda gasakvirad, aravisgan araferi msmenia. Cemi azriT, qarTveli Teatrmcodneebis profesiuli drama iwyeba maSin, roca isini ejaxebi-an Teatraluri cxovrebis sinamdviles. isini ise modian am profesiaSi, rogorc bavSvo-baSi midiodnen xolme naZvis xis zeimze. ukve wamozrdilebi, fiqroben, rom ufro didi da ufro brWyviala naZvis xis zeims daeswrebian da nacvlad amisa, savalalo mdgomareobaSi vardebian. qarTveli Teatrmcodne ejaxeba wlebis win qarTul TeatrSi fexmokidebul feodalizms, risganac mxolod xelis TiTebze CamosaTvleli reJisorebi iyvnen da arian Tavisufalni. dRes yovelive amas emateba is ekonomikuri wnexi, romelSic raimes gambe-davi Teatrmcodne SeiZleba moxvdes. xSir SemTxvevaSi Sedegad viRebT Teatrmcodneebs, romelTa Sinagani buneba erTi sityviT SeiZleba gamoixatos _ slikina. ai, es aris qarTve-


#5 2015

li Teatrmcodnis profesiuli drama.sabednierod, rogorc wina Taobis, aseve axali Taobis TeatrmcodneebSi jansaRi sulis

adamianebi iyvnen da dResac arian. sakmarisia Cveni qveynis politikuri da ekonomikuri mdgomareoba gamoswordes, Seicvalos amJamad arsebuli `kanoni Teatrebis Sesaxeb~, rom qarTveli Teatrmcodneebis profesiul cxovrebas sityva `drama~ aRar mivusadagoT.

4. romeli damamaxsovrda? ara mgonia marTebuli iyos aseTi SekiTxva. usamarTloba iqneba Cveni Teatrmcodneebisgan moviTxovo raime ̀ dasamaxsovrebeli~ ramis Seqmna, radgan qarTul Teatralur samyaroSi Teatrmcodne aris geri, xolo qveyana, romelic am pro-fesiis saWiroebas aRiarebs, magram misTvis ar zrunavs _ dedinacvali. dasamaxsovrebels arasodes movTxov mas, visac ara aqvs Semosavlis wyaro, visac ara aqvs Weri, visac ara aqvs damoukidebloba. amas ar vityodi, Cveni Teatrebis umravlesobas xalxi rom ar arCendes; rom vyofiliyaviT mdgomareobaSi `спасаитесь, кто как можете“, magram Cven xom xelfasic da Senobebic xalxma mogvca? Teatrmcodneebs? Cemze rom iyos damokidebuli, Teatris moR-vaweTa kavSiris Senobas myisier gadavcemdi Teatrmcodneebs. gadavcemdi Tundac im mwiri dafinansebianad, romelic am kavSirs aqvs da SevunarCunebdi kavSiris SenobaSi arsebuli gasaqiravebeli farTobisagan miRebuli Tanxis gankargvis saSualebas. visgan ar gaigeb: „Cemi Teatris kedlebi, „am kedlebSi“, „es kedlebi“. Teatrmcodneebs? Tuki TeatrSi moR-vaweTaTvis mTel saqarTveloSia uamravi Senoba, Teatrmcodneebs ratom ar unda hqondeT sakuTari Weri? Weris micemis saSualeba gvqondes da ar vaZlevdeT? ara mgonia es qris-tianuli iyos. Tuki evropuli civilizaciis nawilad migvaCnia Tavi, ar unda dagvaviwydes, rom es evropuli civilizacia qristianobam Seqmna da ara baldurma an votanma. qristian-oba ki Tanasworobasac qadagebs da ara sxvebze maRla dgomas. amis simboloc aris fexTa banvis rituali.

aba, mouxmeT fantazias da warmoidgineT, rom dRisiT roca gaiRviZeT, uxelfaso xarT... arada, Teatrmcodne xarT: xval iqneba Tu zeg, „dasamaxsovrebel“ recenziasa da kidev ua-mravs moiTxoven Tqvengan, magram Tqven xelfasi ar gaqvT. rogor unda moipovoT Semosav-lis wyaro? ai, am azrs, am warmosaxvas gayeviT da naxavT, rom gamonaklisis Tu raRac bed-nieri SemTxvevis garda, Tqven mixvalT an SimSiliT sikvdilamde an moralur sikvdilamde, igive _ slikina adamianad Camoyalibebamde.

Tumca, iqneb me ar unda vviSviSebde im adamianze, visac pirSi wyali aqvs Cagubebuli? iqneb is aqeT momitrialdes da miTxras _ ra Seni saqmeao? amitom, iqneb mec unda Cavigubo wyali?

erTs davamateb: vfiqrob, sasurveli iqneba, Tuki saswavleblad mosul axalgazrda ada-mians gavafrTxilebT da vetyviT, rom dRevandel saqarTveloSi Teatrmcodnis profesia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi airCios, Tuki es profesia misTvis sasicocxlod mniSvnelovania iseve, rogorc haeri da wyali. Tuki, miuxedavad gafrTxilebisa, mainc gadawyvets Teatrm-codneobaze Cabarebas, maSin mzad unda iyos, rom SeiZleba misi „monagaric“ haeri aRmoC-ndes da wyali.

Tumca, iqneb aseTma xerxma ivargos: Tuki mavani axalgazrdisTvis Teatrmcodneobaa sasicocxlod mniSvnelovani, maSin, jer sxva profesia Seiswavlos da Semdeg _ Teatrm-codneoba. radgan, naxeT, ra xdeba? `elitaSi gasulTagan~ zogi visi `karis poeti~ xdeba da zogi _ visi. zogi visi `mematiane~ xdeba da zogi _ visi. da es mxolod maSin, roca `el-itaSi~ xar. aravis araferSi vadanaSauleb. TanagrZnoba malaparakebs. imasac vxedav, rom

TeatrmcodneTagan mxolod gamorCeulebi axerxeben pirovnuli saxis SenarCunebas.

nino lipartiani:zestafonis dramatuli Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvaneli1. ra Tqma unda. kritika Zalian mniSvnelovania qarTuli Te-

atris ganviTarebisaTvis, magram dRevandeli, Tanamedrove Teatrmcodneebis kritika, naklebad. TiTqos ar vendobi maT profesionalizms. Cemi azriT, adre Teatraluri kritikis pro-fesiuli done ufro maRali iyo. Zalian Znelia gaakeTo Teat-raluri nawarmoebis analizi. vfiqrob, dRevandel axalgazrda Teatrmcodneebs es uWirT. isini ufro Sinaarss gviyvebian. bevri ram aris damokidebuli maT gemovnebaze da msoflmxedvelobaze.

#5 2015


amas ki, gvinda ar gvinda, subieqturobisken mivyavarT. urTierTgamomricxavi Sefasebebic xSirad momismenia.

isic problemaa, rom bevri araTeatrmcodne wers Teatris Sesaxeb. Teatri ki Zalian specifikuri sferoa. misi analizi met siRrmesa da Sesabamis ganaTlebas, profesional-izms moiTxovs.

Cveni Teatrmcodneebis TviTmizani xSirad mxolod kritikaa da umetesad arakoreqtu-lic. rodesac speqtakls aanalizeb, rogorc uaryofiTi, aseve dadebiTi Sefaseba aucile-blad argumentirebuli unda iyos. aseTi analizi ukve TavisTavad amxels Teatrmcodnis profesiul dones. vfiqrob, imisaTvis, rom kritikosma Teatraluri namuSevris Sefaseba SeZlos, TviTonac unda azrovnebdes SemoqmedebiTad.

2. absoluturad ar aris kavSirSi Teatrmcodnis mosazreba muSaobis procesTan. Te-atrmcodnem dasrulebuli produqti unda Seafasos, romelsac Semoqmedi an gaiziarebs, an _ ara. me, piradad, ar magondeba aseTi SemTxveva, rom romelime Teatrmcodnis azri gameTvaliswinebina. Tuki muSaobis procesSi gamiCndeba repeticiaze vinmes daswrebis da azris kiTxvis survili, is albaT, ufro reJisori iqneba, vidre Teoretikosi, magram aseTi SemTxveva jer ar mqonia.

3. me ar mimaCnia, rom ar iwereba uaryofiTi recenziebi, magram es Tu asea, vfiqrob, mize-zi imaSia, rom Cveni Teatraluri sivrce Zalian pataraa _ Cven yvelani erTmaneTs vicnobT da erTmaneTis megobrebi varT. aseT dros ki Teatrmcodneebs uWirT axlobeli adamianeb-is kritika.

4. samwuxarod, aseT konkretul, mniSvnelovan kritikul namuSevars, romelmac Cemze STabeWdileba moaxdina, ver vixseneb. aseTi STabeWdileba wlebis win datova Cemze nodar gurabaniZis recenziam Cems speqtaklze _ T. dostoevskis `damcirebulni da Seuracxyo-filni~. es recenzia imdenad siRrmiseulad aanalizebda dadgmas, rom CemTvis profesion-alizmis nimuSi gaxda. mas Semdeg aseTi saintereso recenzia ar wamikiTxavs.

nino kasraZe:msaxiobi1. roca kritika aris WeSmaritad kritikisaTvis da is

Tavis funqcias asrulebs, aseT kritikas, ra Tqma unda, angariSs vuwev da amisaTvisac iwereba is. diax, vuwev da vfiqrob, rom rCeviT, romelsac is me miziarebs, misi gaTvaliswinebiT Tu me raime sasikeTod SemiZlia Sevcva-lo, aucileblad gamoviyeneb am SesaZleblobas.

2. visurvebdi, rom kidev ufro mexmarebodes rolis daxvewaSi. rodesac kritikosi naxulobs mosamzadebel speqtakls muSaobis dasawyisSi (repeticias), maSin msax-iobs kidev rCeba dro Tavisi monaxazis Sesacvlelad. ra Tqma unda, mizanscenas ver Secvlis, magram swori mima-rTulebis gaziareba SeiZleba.

3. me ar vTvli, rom uaryofiTi recenziebi ar iwereba. me vityodi, rom bevrad rTuli mdgomareobaa am mxriv. CvenTan yvelaferi, rac iwereba, aris an radikaluri qeba da xot-ba, an gadaWarbebuli lanZRva-gineba. saerTo jamSi ki kritikosi am gadaWarbebulobaSi ikargeba. kritikosis msjelobaSi raRac momwonebia, magram arasdros mifiqria, rom is Segnebulad aqebs, an aZagebs gansaxilvel obieqts. kritikosis SeniSvnebi pirad wyenaze ar unda daiyvanebodes. man unda weros saqmisadmi profesiuli damokidebulebiT da misi na-muSevaric saintereso iqneba. me ar vTvli, rom is qebiT, an lanZRviT unda gamoxatavdes Tavis azrs. es misi movaleoba ar aris. is WeSmariti profesionalizmiT unda ekidebodes Tavis saqmes, unda xedavdes gansaxilvel obieqts da ayalibebdes mosazrebas, ra movlena-sTan gvaqvs saqme. Tu sustia speqtakli, is unda asabuTebdes amas Tavisi codniTa da eru-diciiT. is unda arkvevdes, ra mimarTulebas ekuTvnis nawarmoebi, romel mxatvrul gezs adgas Teatri. CvenTvis, msaxiobebisaTvis, ar aris savaldebulo, vicodeT yvela liter-aturuli, filosofiuri mimarTuleba. ar aris aucilebeli vicodeT, postmodernizms ekuTvnis namuSevari Tu postpostmodernizms. kritikosebma unda momaZebninon Cemi ad-gili, stili, dainaxon da aRmaqmevinon Cemi suli erTi mTlianis nawilad. ise weras aravi-Tari azri ar aqvs. kritikosis meSveobiT unda varCevdeT, saiT mivdivarT, ra saSualebebi


#5 2015

gvaqvs TiToeul Cvengans amisaTvis. kritikoss yvelafer amis gaanalizebaSi didi roli aqvs. yvelaze metad es mafiqrebs, rom maT Tavad daapataraves TavianTi funqcia da daiwyes warmodgenis analizis nacvlad, misi Sinaarsis moyola da Semoifarglnen amiT. kritikas ki, upirvelesad, Teatris gajansaRebis funqcia akisria. man unda dagvanaxos, win mivdi-varT, Tu erT adgils vtkepniT da raRac axalia saWiro.

me mxolod qarTul kritikaze ar vsaubrob. msoflio mniSvnelobis reJisorebis garkveuli nawili kritikas ar uwevda da ar uwevs angariSs, magram kritika Tavis saqmes mainc akeTebda da saWiro iyo maTTvisac ki.

Cven da kritika xelixelCakidebulebi unda vemsaxurebodeT erT saqmes _ qarTuli Tea-tris winsvlas. ase ar aris, rom me minda viTamaSo da vTamaSob, Sen ginda dadga da dgam, imas wera unda da wers. es yvelaferi urTierTkavSirSi unda iyos da yvelani erTad valdebul-ni varT didi xelovnebis winaSe. kritikosi amas unda xedavdes _ Cvens daniSnulebas. Cven ki aucileblad viciT misi daniSnuleba. rac unda amtkicon reJisorebma Tu msaxiobebma, ar gvainteresebs kritikuli mosazrebao, isini mainc kiTxuloben yvelafers, rasac maTze weren.

4. me kritikul werilebs naklebad vkiTxulob. ase warmogvidgenia Cvens umravlesobas, rom rac maT exebaT, mxolod is unda ikiTxon. amitom me ver viqnebi obieqturi. viqnebi su-bieqturi. bolo wlebSi damamaxsovrda kinomcodne gogi gvaxarias statia filmze `kri-tikis limiti~. raRacaSi SeiZleba ar daeTanxmo mis naTqvams, magram es udavod aris Zalian seriozuli damokidebuleba da namdvili profesionalis xedva xelovnebis produqtisad-mi.

vasil CigogiZe: ozurgeTis dramatuli Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvaneli1. SeuZlebelia, Semoqmedi, ra rangisa da donisac ar unda iyos,

gulis siRrmeSi ar dafiqrdes gonivrul, obieqtur kritikaze. iyo SemTxvevebi da albaT, dResac aris, roca saerTod SeiZleba yurad ar iRo gamoTqmuli mosazreba, magram ZiriTadad, kritika reJiso-risaTvis, msaxiobisaTvis aris aucilebelze aucilebeli. obieq-turi, gulwrfeli kritika aris `ani~ da `hae~ Cvens profesiaSi. amitom, me yovelTvis gulisyuriT vekidebodi yvela mosazrebas. ar viziarebdi raRacas, magram obieqturad vcdilobdi mimeRo Sen-iSvna, Sefaseba. Zalian didi mniSvneloba aqvs Cvens saqmeSi rogori damokidebulebiT aris es mowodebuli. iSviaT SemTxvevaSi SeiZleba kritika iyos winaswar gamiznuli gulis satkenad anda Zalian gulR-

rZo... Tu dialogSi, kamaTSi ar Sedixar, Znelia zusti formulireba. gulwrfeli, profesiuli kritika gvzrdis, gvamxnevebs da stimuls gvaZlevs ukeTesi xvalis, speqtaklis Tu rolis Seqm-nisaTvis.

2. msaxiobs, reJisors exmareba ki ara, swored jansaRi kritika gansazRvravs Cvens xvalin-del dRes, gansazRvravs Cven profesiul zrdas. pirveli nabijebi, romelic TeatrSi dabrunebis Semdeg gadavdgi, es iyo Txovna saministros, sarekomendacio sabWos winaSe, romelic mTlianad TeatrmcodneebiT aris dakompleqtebuli, rac TavisTavad kargia: CamodiT, gvnaxeT, gagvakritikeT, gzebi dagvanaxeT, gviTxariT. Txovna gaTvaliswinebuli iqna. yinuli galRva. ar SemiZlia visaubro im periodze, roca saqarTveloSi ar viyavi, ma-gram SemiZlia vTqva, rom kritikis gareSe Teatri mitovebulad grZnobs Tavs.

3. Zalian damafiqrebeli kiTxvaa. erTi SemiZlia vTqva: Teatraluri kritika klanuri ar unda iyos. bednierebaa, roca Teatris kritikoss SeuZlia nanaxiT aRfrTovaneba, roca saubaria maRal Semoqmedebaze. gaxareba, konkretuli Teatris progresisaken gadadgmuli konkretuli nabijis gulwrfelad aRiareba, aucilebelia TeatrebisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT regionuli TeatrebisaTvis, im TeatrebisaTvis, romlebic mowyurebuli arian kritikas. aseve gadaudebeli aucileblobaa gamarTuli, argumentirebuli kritika. aucilebelia imitom, rom es gafxizlebs, Cagafiqrebs. rac ar unda zedapirulad miiRo an ar miiRo re-cenzia. bevri gamomicdia da vici, rom Semdgom, roca Sens TavTan, Sens baliSTan marto darCebi, ar arsebobs ar dafiqrde, ar gaaanalizo, ar CauRrmavde da, Tuki gonieri xar, ar dainaxo naTlad, gulwrfelad, saqmis sasikeTod dawerili an naTqvami, Zalian mZime mosas-meni, Zalian mkacri kritika.

#5 2015


Cems SemoqmedebiT biografiaSic da cxovrebaSic uamravi iyo aseTi adamiani, romelic iyo Zalian mkacri, kritikuli, keTilganwyobili da amas CemTvis sikeTis meti araferi moutania. iyo isec, erTeuli kritikosis, samwuxarod, arc sikeTe mindoda da arc lanZRva. ufro sworad, reagirebas ar vakeTebdi. SeiZleba vcdebodi, SeiZleba axlac vcdebi, magram adamianebi varT da visac cxovrebis garkveuli gza gagvivlia, aseTebi, albaT, Segvxvedria sxvebsac, axalgazrdebsac Sexvdeba albaT. magram kritikam ar SeiZleba gagtexos.

kritika dagafiqrebs da kritika stimuls mogcems. gurulad amboben, wisqvilis qva ar datrialebula Cems Tavzeo, Cems Tavze wisqvilis qvac datrialebula, magram arasodes gavtexilvar. Seqebas ar gavuyoyoCebivar. imitom, rom realurad vuyurebdi kargsac da realurad vuyurebdi mware, kritikul Sefasebas. roca pirad saubrebSi geubnebian, xolo nabeWd produqciaSi sxartad moqneuli fraziT Semoifarglebian, es aris keTilganwyoba.

4. amas sWirdeba CaRrmaveba. ase uceb SemiZlia giTxraT, rom Zalian kmayofili var Cvens Teatrze rac iTqva nika wulukiZisa da laSa CxartiSvilis gadacemebSi, sarekomendacio sabWos wevrebic arian maT Soris, qalbatoni maka vasaZe, irina RoRoberiZe. sainteresoa maTi msjeloba, gansja Teatris dRevandelobaze, regionul Teatrebze. madloba ekuTvnis am gogonebsa da biWebs, qalbatonebsa da batonebs, romlebic ar toveben uyuradRebod re-gionul Teatrebs.

CemTvis sainteresoa yvela gadacema, romlebsac internet gverdebsa, radiosa da tel-eviziiT vecnobiT. Zalian karg saqmes akeTebs sarekomendacio sabWo. me darwmunebuli var, rom gia cqitiSvilic da Cveni metrebic, batonebi vaso kiknaZe, nodar gurabaniZe aqtiurad arian amaSi CarTulebi. axali Taoba Zalian aqtiuria da SesaZleblobebis farglebSi gulisyuriT vadevneb amas Tvals. samwuxarod, jer gamoweriTac ver modis Cvenamde Jurna-li `Teatri da cxovreba~, misi mesame-meoTxe nomeri dRemde ver miviRe. Zalian did saqmes akeTebs pirveli radio, tele imedi da kvlevebi, romlebsac ase Tavdadebulad akeTebs laSa CxartiSvili da is gundi, romelic mis gverdiT dgas... moxaruli da madlobeli var.

aucilebelia kidev ufro gaaqtiurdes Teatrmcodneebisa da regionuli Teatrebis kontaqtebi. albaT, saministro saTanado mivlinebebsa Tu Tanadgomas gamoucxadebs Te-atrebs regionebSi, radgan maTi Tvalsawieris gareSe naWuWSi SeiZleba CaviketoT miux-edavad imisa, rom yvela festivalSi vRebulobT monawileobas, ucxoeTSic gavdivarT. sul sxvaa im kritikosis Sefaseba, romelic siRrmiseulad flobs situacias regionuli Teatrebis Sesaxeb.

SeiZleba am kiTxvas ar pasuxobs, magram Zalian xmamaRla viTxovT da Tu SeiZleba iTq-vas, daviwyeT brZola metyvelebis kulturis ganviTarebisaTvis, specialistebi da kri-tikosebi rac SeiZleba xSirad movidnen regionis TeatrebSi da ara marto. samwuxarod, metyvelebis problema dgas qarTul TeatrSi, masmediaSic. Zalian damaxinjda saTeatro metyveleba. sagangaSo da saswrafod misaxedi mdgomareobaa kritikisa da profesional-ebis mxardaWeriT.

madloba Jurnals ̀ Teatri da cxovreba~, mis redaqtors, romelic ase wvalebiT cdilobs Jurnali ar daekargos qarTul Teatrs.

rusudan bolqvaZe: msaxiobi1. samwuxarod ara, Tumca yovelTvis mqonda survili

momesmina (an wamekiTxa) saintereso, miukerZoebeli, profe-siuli Sefaseba Cemi, an sxvisi namuSevrisa.

2. Zalianac mexmareba... SeiZleba yvela SeniSvna ar gaiTvaliswino, magram, yovelTvis sainteresoa profesion-alis Sefaseba. me ar maqvs isteriuli damokidebuleba kri-tikis mimarT _ ̀ vai, ar movewone,~ ̀ rogor gamibeda~, ̀ mtrebi myavs~ da a.S. yvelas aqvs ufleba Tavisi azri hqondes. Cven xom sajarod gamogvaqvs Cveni namuSevari, amitom kritik-isTvisac mzad unda viyoT, im SemTxvevaSic ki, roca `ara-dadebiTad~ ganwyobili piri gaZlevs SeniSvnas; xSirad, is ufro gasaTvaliswinebelia, radgan ufro kritikulad giy-urebs, `gikritikebs~, ufro mondomebulia Seni minusebi dainaxos da SeiZleba iseT nakls miagnos, keTilismsurvels rom gamoepareba, radgan mas uyvarxar, mowonxar da ver xedavs


#5 2015

an xedavs da `gpatiobs~.3. `uaryofiT recenzias~ da kritikas Soris didi gansxvavebaa.. `kritika~ Sefasebas ni-

Snavs. Sefaseba ki SeiZleba iyos dadebiTic da uaryofiTic.. ilia WavWavaZe ambobs, - kri-tika sanaTuriao... mTavaria, orive mxares hqondes jansaRi damokidebuleba kritikis mi-marT. Cveni Teatraluri sazogadoeba erTi patara ojaxia, viwro wrea, sadac yvela yvelas megobaria, axlobeli. erTmaneTis wyena ar undaT - kritikosic xom adamiania! amitom weren kargs, an ar weren saerTod. xSiria aseve `SekveTili werilebi~.. ise damkvidrda urTier-Tobis es forma, rom zogi iqeT sTavazobs - `SemikveTe da davwero~. hoda, aba, premieraze rom dapatiJebs, gastrolze rom waiyvans, rom daafinansebs da JurnalSic daubeWdavs, im-aze cuds xom ar dawers?

4. bolo dros erTi werili wavikiTxe (ar davasaxeleb), romelmac Tavisi arakompeten-turobiT da araprofesionalizmiT gamaoca .. imis mere yovelgvari survili gamiqra ramis wakiTxvis..

nu ewyinebaT marTla kargi werilebis avtorebs... samwuxarod, am bolo dros Cveni Te-atrmcodneebi ufro Jurnalistebad gadaiqcnen.. an mSralad aRweren faqtebs da mizan-scenebs - vin sad ra dadga, vin TamaSobs.. an Teoriul msjelobaSi Sedian piesis, epoqis, Teatraluri mimdinareobebis garSemo.. Warbad xmaroben ucxo sityvebs da gamoTqmebs.. maTac unda esmodeT, rom maTi kritikuli werilebi iseTive Semoqmedebaa, rogoric Cveni, maTi mosazrebebi CvenTvis saintereso da raRacis momcemi unda iyos, Toooreeem... Tu maT aqvT ufleba Cvens Semoqmedebaze kritikuli azri iqonion, Cvenc igive uflebebi gagvaCnia maTi naSromebis mimarT. amitom vTxov maT, iyvnen Cveni `sanaTurebi~ da erTad vemsaxuroT Teatrs, visac rogor SegviZlia.

badri werediani:zugdidis dramatuli Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvaneli1. Cven TviTon varT qarTuli Teatraluri kulturiT dakave-

bulebi, vcdilobT viyoT misi mniSvnelovani nawili da albaT, amiT yvelaferi naTqvamia.

2. ramdeni adamianicaa, imdeni mosazrebaa. individualuria msoflmxedveloba da gemovneba. TavisTavad, TiToeuli Teatrm-codnis mosazreba saintereso, mniSvnelovania da damxmare pro-fesionali reJisorisaTvis, Tu is jansaRia da zusti profesiuli xedvis TvalsazrisiT. mniSvnelovania, rom ama Tu im Teatrmcod-nis mier gamoTqmuli mosazreba mkveTrad eyrdnobodes profe-siul sazoms da naklebad iyos agebuli mis subieqtur emociebze, individualur gemovnebasa Tu zogad mosazrebebze. Tumca kidev erTxel aRvniSnav. rom Zalian mniSvnelovania Teatrmcodneebis profesiuli saqmianoba.

3. ver vityodi, rom ar iwereba.. iwereba, magram aq imave Temas SeiZleba davubrundeT _ Zalian mniSvnelovania Sefasebis profesiuli kriteriumebis metad damkvidreba da ganvi-Tareba, recenziebi ar unda iyofodes, zogadad, dadebiTad an uaryofiTad, konkretuli namuSevris maqebrad an maZageblad. speqtaklis profesiuli kuTxiT garCeva moicavs speq-taklSi arsebuli SemoqmedebiTad susti da Zlieri mxareebis etapobriv gaanalizebasa da maT profesiul ganxilvas. albaT, es ufro mniSvnelovania bevri reJisorisaTvis, vidre, ubralod, vinmes mier misi Zageba an qeba.

4. gamiWirdeba konkretuli pasuxis gacema, Tumca visurvebdi, rom iwerebodes gac-ilebiT meti profesiuli recenziebi, vidre dRes iwereba. saWiroa am procesebis metad xelSewyoba. samwuxarod, dRes TiTze CamosaTvlelia im Teatrmcodneebis saxelebi da gvarebi, romlebic aqtiurad weren qarTul TeatrSi mimdinare movlenebze da am pirobeb-Si Zalian Znelia srulad moicva yvela TeatrSi mimdinare procesebi. amave dros arian ada-mianebi, romlebsac aseve aqvT kargi profesiuli ganaTleba am sferoSi, magram sxvadasxva mizezebis gamo ar Canan realur sivrceSi, rac Zalian samwuxaro faqtia. TiToeuli maT-ganis CarTuloba saerTo procesebSi xels Seuwyobda mis metad gaaqtiurebasa da ganvi-Tarebas.

#5 2015


„tkivili qsovilTa WeSmarit an poten-ciur dazianebaze aRmocenebuli usiam-ovno sensoruli da emociuri gancdaa. Tanmxleb usiamovnebaTa miuxedavad, mas udidesi fiziologiuri mniSvneloba aqvs. is organizmis Tavdacvis sistemis umTa-vresi komponentia“- tkivilis Semswavleli saerTaSoriso asociaciis (!) es ganmarteba, vfiqrob, saukeTeso dasawyisia daTa TavaZis reJisuriT dadgmuli speqtaklis „tkivi-li aris axalgazrdoba“ mimoxilvisaTvis. ufro sworad, dagvianebuli mimoxilvi-saTvis, romelsac karga xania, profesiul valdebulebad miviCnev. cneba tkivilis aR-niSnuli ganmarteba CemTvis, pirvel rigSi, saintereso aRmoCnda misi warmomqmneli or-ganizaciis gamo, romelSic namdvilad Cans Tanamedrove epoqis xasiaTi, Tanamedrove samyaros warmoudgeneli koncentraciis un-ari, erTi SexedviT, TiTqos umniSvneloze, rac SeuZlebelia arsebuliyo gasul sauku-neebSi da raSic misi TamaSobrivi xasiaTis gamovlinebac SegviZlia davinaxoT.

samefo ubnis TeatrSi dadgmuli ferdi-nand brukneris 1929 wliT daTariRebuli piesis saxelwodebis rusuli da inglisuri

versia „axalgazrdobis daavadebebia“. daTo gabunias Targmanma saTaurs odnav arqauli tonaloba da gansxvavebuli aqcenti Ses-Zina. saTauris mixedviT, kiTxva aRar mdgo-mareobs imaSi, Tu ra awuxebs Tanamedrove axalgazrdas, romlis mgrZnobeloba gar-emomcveli samyaros mimarT yovelTvis ufro maRalia, vidre sxva, nebismier asakSi. SemoqmedebiTi jgufi gvTavazobs narativs, romlis mixedviTac tkivili, Tavisi arsiT, axal Taobas uTanabrdeba. axalgazrdobis did, mourCenel tkivilad da amavdroulad mosalodneli saSiSroebebis indikatorad gadaqcevis problema ufro saintereso xdeba, roca masze Tavad axalgazrdebi sau-broben.

sadadgmo jgufi mTlianad axalgazr-dulia, daTa TavaZiT saTaveSi. gagiWird-ebaT ipovoT meore aseTi iRbliani axal-gazrda reJisori saqarTveloSi, romelsac ukve sakuTari Teatri aqvs da romelic, mavanisTvis, brwyinvale Teatraluri is-toriis mqone ojaxis logikur gagrZelebas warmoadgens, rac upirobod uxsnis yvela saWiro kars, maT Soris kritikosTa gulebi-saken. es aris winapiroba, romelic CemTvis

tkivilis morfologiaTea kaxiani

speqtaklebi


#5 2015

am miuRebeli, viwro-snoburi damokide-bulebis opozicionerobis da amavdrou-lad am inteleqtualuri garegnobis mqone axalgazrda adamianis SemoqmedebiT po-tencialze dakvirvebis survils aCens. ukve popularuli reJisoris speqtaklebSi CemTvis yvelaze Zvirfasi ganviTarebis di-namika iyo. „maxinjidan“ „troel qalebamde“. am ukanasknelSi Canda reJisoruli azrisa da scenuri moqmedebis gardaqmna energiis gamosxivebamde, Tumca, miuxedavad amisa, es speqtakli aRniSnuli reJisoris Semo-qmedebis mwvervalad ar CamiTvlia. mqonda molodini, rom is gaTavisufldeboda Se-moqmedebis sawyisi etapisTvis dasaSvebi gavlenebisgan da SeZlebda eCvenebina wmin-dad sakuTari saxe. „troeli qalebis“ Semdeg dadgmuli speqtakli, „tkivili aris axal-gazrdoba“, CemTvis mravlismTqmeli aRmoC-nda, magram ara misi mxatvruli Rirebulebis gamo. dadgmam gaamZafra eWvebi, reJisorebis SemoqmedebiTi inspiraciebis ucxouri war-momavlobis Sesaxeb. dainteresebul pirs ar gauWirdeba 2014 wels, samefo ubnis Te-atrSi daTa TavaZis da 2009 wels, londonis nacionalur TeatrSi keit mitCelis mier dadgmul speqtaklebs Soris msgavsebis aR-moCena. qarTuli speqtaklis scenografiu-li gadawyveta, kostiumebi uceremoniod imeorebs inglisur pirvelwyaros. karadis garedan dakidebuli saRamos kabis momx-ibvleli, magram nasesxebi detalurobac daudevrad amJRavnebs sakuTar Tavs. didi albaTobiT, mavani am SemTxvevaSic, kmayo-fili darCeba, rom Tanamedrove qarTul TeatrSi karg, misabaZ magaliTebs irCeven. am mimarTulebiT Tu ufro Sors wavalT, vin icis kidev ramden sikeTes mogvitans war-matebuli ucxoeli reJisorebis naazrevis danergva qarTul scenaze. isev brukners sjobs davesesxo: ra kargia, rom yvelani „pasaudan“ varT, sxva SemTxvevaSi xom ver-avisgan da versad vipovidiT gamarTlebas.

„pasauc“ rom ar iyos, Teatris mier Se-moTavazebul produqcias, rogorc da-moukidebel nawarmoebs Tu ganvixilavT, vnaxavT, rom am TiTqos Zalian kulturuli nawarmoebis ukan sicariele dgas. albaT, swored am nawarmoebs sWirdeboda yvelaze metad is, ris gareSec mixeil TumaniSvili reJisuraSi axalgazrda adamianebis mos-vlas gaumarTleblad miiCnevda. cxovre-biseuli gamocdilebis gareSe, nebismieri roli, nebismieri mxatvruli da miT umetes Teatraluri nawarmoebi, arc meti arc nak-lebi, yalbi an sqematuri gamodis. cxovre-biseuli gamocdilebis naklebobam masStabi da emociuri muxti daukarga piesaSi arse-

bul universalur Temebs. radikaluri meam-boxeobis Sesaxeb Znelia mxolod Teoriul msjelobas dasjerde.

unda aRvniSno, rom konkretuli speqtak-lis mimarT arc Cemi imedgacruebaa mTavari da arc reJisorisTvis mcdari nabijia gad-amwyveti, magram marto im SemTxvevaSi da im pirobiT, Tu me Cems imedgacruebas, xolo reJisori sakuTar warumateblobas vaRi-arebT da mizezebs movZebniT.

piesisa da speqtaklis moqmedeba samedi-cino universitetis pansionSi mimdinar-eobs. personaJebi axalgazrda eqimebi ar-ian, magram isini am profesias sxvebisaTvis tkivilis Sesamsubuqeblad ar euflebian. isini omgamovlili, meTvalyureobis gareSe darCenili, cnobismoyvare „bavSvebi“ ar-ian, romlebic ulmobel da dausrulebel eqsperimentebs atareben sakuTar Tavsa da erTmaneTze. brukneris piesaSi arsebuli omisSemdgomi recidivebi qarTulma Semo-qmedebiTma jgufma Cvens realobaSi arse-buli sisastikis pirvelmizezad miiCnia. tolobis niSani dasva omgamovlil Taobebs Soris. magram gansxvavebebis aRniSvna uda-vod gamorCa. yuradRebis miRma darCa mTavari, rom mas Semdeg kidev araerTxel momxdarma msoflio Tu lokalurma omebma, kapitalis gadanawilebis ulmobelma mara-Tonma, adamianebis TiTqmis „gacifrebul“ cnobierebaSi Seuqcevadi procesebi warmar-Ta. amitom ferdinand brukneris piesaSi ar-sebuli konfliqtic da personaJebic Tan-amedrove interpretacias iTxovs. samefo ubnis Teatris scenuri versia ar Sordeba piesas da sisastikes zneobrivi xasiaTis movlenad warmogvidgens, raSic, vfiqrob, didi xania aRar Tavsdeba Tanamedrove cno-bierebis nakadi. uxeSad rom vTqvaT, piesasa da speqtaklSi arsebuli „paneli“ Cvensas aRar emTxveva. albaT, am mizeziTac dakarga speqtaklma emociuri kontaqti mayurebel-Tan, gansakuTrebiT pirvel moqmedebaSi. werilis dasawyisSi aRniSnuli Tanamedrove samyaros TamaSobrivi bunebisTvis nebi-smieri Tema dausrulebeli interpretaci-is da moulodneli asociaciebiT TamaSis wyaro xdeba. ferdinand brukneris teqsti gansakuTrebiT iZleva saamiso safuZv-els, radgan misi gmirebi axalgazrdebi da eqsperimentatorebi arian, Tumca reJisor-ma TanamedroveobisTvis damaxasiaTebel simsubuqes akademiuri seriozuloba arCia. am arCevanma ki speqtakli gausaZlisad pre-tenziuli da misi ganxorcielebis procesSi daSvebuli Secdomebis mimarT uaRresad mgrZnobiare gaxada. reJisoris mier Semo-Tavazebuli forma samsaxiobo ostatobis

#5 2015


umaRles xarisxs iTxovs, rac Tanamedrove qarTul scenaze, xSir SemTxvevaSi, arcTu martivi misaRwevia. qarTvel artistebs ro-lis fsiqologiuri damuSaveba rTulad ga-mosdiT. praqtika gvaCvenebs, rom rusuli Teatraluri skolis tradicia qarTuli temperamentisTvis rTulad SesaTvisebelia da warmatebis misaRwevad ufro met Zal-isxmevas moiTxovs, vidre amas samefo ubnis Teatris speqtaklSi vxedavT. reJisori mTeli seriozulobiT cdilobs mayureb-lis yuradReba SeaCeros moqmedi gmirebis arcTu martiv urTierTobebze, romelTac iseve akliaT fsiqologiuri damajere-bloba, rogorc im konfliqts, mTeli speq-taklis mamoZravebel Zalad rom unda qceu-liyo. speqtaklis personaJebis konfliqti sakuTar asakTan anu drosTan, im awmyosTan, romelSic cxovroben, TviTganadgurebamde midis. Tumca es koncefcia mxolod Teoriu-lad aris gamarTuli, xolo scenaze vxedavT sasiyvarulo urTierTobebis ganuwyvetel rkvevaSi CaZirul personaJebs, romelTa mier warmoTqmuli sityvebi xSirad sityve-badve rCeba da romlebic xSirad kargaven moqmedebis logikas. moqmedi gmirebis xasi-aTebs akliaT detalizacia. ar aris gamokve-Tili maTi piradi tkivilebi, romelic yov-elTvis ufro namdvili da sarwmunoa, sxvisi ki _ yovelTvis amorfuli da gaugebari.

reJisori Seecada gaeerTianebina artos ieroglifi da stanislavskis adamianis su-lis moZraoba, rac, samwuxarod, ar gamovida. amitomac Zalian xelovnurad gamoiyureba altis (paata inauri) mier fexsacmelebis

gaxda da pirSi Cadebuli nacvami windebiT „marSireba“. fsiqologiurad gamarTuli dialogis awyobasac arafriT mouxda per-sonaJis, petrelis (giorgi SarvaSiZe) spon-tanuri Sextomebi haerSi. zogadad, gau-marTlebelia sxvadasxva speqtaklSi erTi da igive xerxebis gamoyeneba. msaxiobebi-sTvis micemul da araerTxel gameorebul amocanebs, ganasaxieron konvulsiuri, spontanur-meyseuli meqanikuri moqmede-bebi, mivyavarT Stampebamde, CarCoebamde, saidanac gamosvla droTa ganmavlobaSi ufro rTuli xdeba. samefo ubnis Teatris msaxiobebs CamouyalibdaT damaxasiaTebeli gamomsaxveloba, rac calkeul SemTxvevebSi Tu esTetikad aRiqmeba, mTlianobaSi erTx-el napovni momgebiani formis verdaTmobis niSania. es exeba metyvelebis specifikasac. msaxiobebis umetesoba, miuxedavad imisa, sWirdeba Tu ara es gansasaxierebel rols, saubrobs stilizebulad, gabmiT an wyveti-lad, moulodneli aqcentebis gamoyenebiT. da es dawyebulia mixeil marmarinosis speq-taklidan „romeo da julieta.“ albaT droa, vTqvaT, rom es erTferovneba kargi ar aris, calsaxad!

davubrundeT speqtakls, scenaze war-modgenili piradi urTierTobebis rkvevasa da eqsperimentebSi Cafluli adamianebis grZnobaTa buneba didad ar gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan. sulerTia, es saxlidan gamoqceuli grafis qaliSvilia Tu stu-denturi sacxovreblis moaxle (magda leb-aniZe). xasiaTTa es erTgvarovneba aufer-ulebs mTel speqtakls, gaurkvevels xdis


#5 2015

personaJTa koliziebisa da konfliqtebis motivebs. es gansakuTrebiT TvalSisacemia frederTan (Tornike gogriWiani) mimarTe-baSi. gaugebaria, Tu ratom eSianiaT am ada-mianebs frederis, isini masze aranakleb sas-tikebi da garyvnilebi arian. am personaJebs Soris reJisoris mier waSlili gansxvave-bebi vfiqrob, speqtaklis warmatebisTvis kidev erTi xelisSemSleli faqtori gaxda.

vityodi, rom qarTuli speqtaklis saxel-wodebis odnav arqaul tonalobaSi mTarg-mnelisa da reJisoris gaucnobierebeli gu-laxdiloba Cans, radgan miuxedavad piesaSi arsebuli zogadsakacobrio Temebisa da problemebisa, warmodgenili namuSevris ena odnav moZvelebulad gamoiyureba, pirvel rigSi masSi arsebuli klasobrivi gansxvave-bebis gamo. Tanamedrove axalgazrda mayure-blisTvis rTuli gasagebia saxlidan gamo-qceuli grafis asulis, moaxlis da wiTeli tuCsacxis, aseve sazogadoebis saSualo fenis warmomadgeneli studentebis rTuli urTierTqmedeba, maTi fsiqologiuri gan-pirobebuloba. CvenTvis ucnauria studen-tur pansionSi moaxlis arsebobis faqtic ki, xolo, 1923 wlis venaSi, es Cveulebrivi da savaraudod, bevri mizez-Sedegobriobis ma-tarebeli socialuri movlena iyo. rodesac piesis eqspoziciaSi dezire cdilobs axsnas Tu ratom gamoiqca saxlidan, axsenebs de-das, romelic cremlebs yrida, roca Svili ar ujerebda da amavdroulad, margalitis mZivs ibnevda, wveulebaze rom ar dagviane-boda. mgonia, rom am Zalian konkretul wina-dadebaSi, avtorma maRali socialuri fenis mdgomareoba asaxa pirveli msoflio omis dros. avstria, romelmac pirveli, yvelaze sastiki omi wamoiwyo kacobriobis isto-riaSi da romelsac „margalitis mZivis“ dab-neva surda, sastikad damarcxda. 9 milioni adamiani ganadgurda, xolo msoflio axali, kidev ufro didi saSiSroebis winaSe aRmoC-nda. dezires (qeTa SaTiriSvili) protesti ojaxis mimarT mTlianad msoflio omis saSinelebis winaaRmdeg arsebul protes-tad SegviZlia miviCnioT. misi kulminacia, TviTmkvleloba ki - kaTarzisis survilad, magram speqtaklSi samwuxarod, dezires amocana amouxsneli rCeba. is ganebivrebul, TiTqmis uzneo axalgazrda qalis xasiaTis stereotipul CarCos ver scdeba.

bundovania, realurad sad xdeba kvanZis Sekvra. speqtaklis cqerisas geqmneba STabe-Wdileba, rom jadosnuri zRapris klasiku-ri agebulebis mixedviT, kvanZis Sekvra konk-retuli zianis miyenebiT iwyeba. Sekavebuli Sinagani daZabulobiT gaTamaSebuli epizo-

di, saidanac irkveva, rom frederma lusis beWdebis moparvisken ubiZga, cnobismoy-vareobas aRviZebs da gamokvanZvis iluzias qmnis. magram aRmoCndeba, rom es epizodi ara konkretuli nivTebis dakargvis dete-qtiuri siueJeturi xazis dasawyiss, aramed adamianis nebisyofis gamocdas eZRvneba. em-saxureba imis Cvenebas, rom erTma adamianma meores SeiZleba nebismieri ram, maT Soris kriminaluric Caadeninos. lusi, frederis ZalisxmeviT, moaxleobidan msubuqi yo-faqcevis qalad yalibdeba. piesaSi sasiy-varulo urTierTobebis mravalkuTxedebSi mainc marionisa (natuka kaxiZe) da dezires lesbosuri kavSiria ZiriTadi. speqtaklis kvanZic, vfiqrob, am urTierTobis dasawyiss emTxveva, rac arasakmarisad aris gamokve-Tili. partniorSi imedgacruebuli marioni nugeSs deziresTan ipovis. maTi sasiyvaru-lo urTierToba da Semdeg amave urTierTo-bis krizisi sul ramdenime, mwiri dialogiT Semoifargleba, romelsac moqmedeba ver mi-yavs tragikul kulminaciamde. Tumca unda aRvniSno, rom meore moqmedeba bevrad ufro dramatuli da metyvelia, vidre pirveli. pirvel aqtSi reJisoris mier mofiqrebuli mizanscenebi xSirad Sordeba moqmedebis logikas da TviTmiznuria, magaliTad epiz-odi, rodesac irene (salome maisaSvili) kar-adis Tavze Semodebuli saxelmZRvaneloeb-is CamosaRebad skamze Sedgeba, ar saWiroebs ganmeorebas, radgan am moqmedebas mxolod pirvelad aqvs azri da ganmeorebis Semdeg uxerxulobaSi agdebs msaxiobs, romelic ver amarTlebs micemul amocanas.

rogorc aRvniSneT, meore moqmedeba ufro dramatulia. marionis xazic, natuka kaxiZis SesrulebiT, metad gaazrebulad gamoiyureba. personaJi TavSekavebuli, so-cialurad adapturi adamianidan TandaTan gardaiqmneba Rrmad sasowarkveTil, Tavzex-elaRebul, magram sasicocxlo instinqtis mqone arsebad.

saqarTveloSi swored aseT, qvecnobieri seqsualuri da kidev ufro Rrmad arsebuli cxoveluri instinqtebiT mcxovreb axal Taobas uwodes tkivili. magram vfiqrob, rom werilSi aRniSnuli mTeli rigi faq-torebis gamo, warmodgenis problematika gauziarebeli darCa, tkivili ki isev iseTi mkacrad piraduli, rogorc adre.

warmodgenis satkivarma veraferze gagva-frTxila garda erTisa, rom Tanamedrove Teatralur kritikas dro sruliad axal moTxovnebs uyenebs da speqtaklis Sefase-bamde saZiebo sistemebis gamoyenebis auci-leblobaze migviTiTebs. dagugleT!

#5 2015


goris giorgi erisTavis saxelobis dram-atul TeatrSi axali, saiubileo 170-e saTe-atro sezoni gaxsnes. am TeatrSi intensi-urad mimdinareobs SemoqmedebiTi procesi, Teatris or sxvadasxva sivrceSi (didi da mcire scena) speqtaklebs dgamen gansxvave-buli esTetikis da msoflmxedvelobis re-Jisorebi, TeatrSi emzadebian kidev erTi axali - eqsperimentuli scenis gasaxsnelad, intensiurad warmoadgenen sarepertuaro speqtaklebs da marTaven premierebs, Te-atrs stabiluri da Tanmimdevruli cx-ovrebis gamo ar aklia mayurebeli, radgan gorSi mieCvivnen, rom kviris konkretul dReebSi saRamos sainteresod da Sinaar-sianad gatareba TeatrSia SesaZlebeli. goris Teatris organizebiT imarTeba ko-mediis festivali, romlis msvlelobisas qalaqSi sadResaswaulo ganwyoba sufevs, ivseba stumrebiT da gori safestivalo qalaqis imijs irgebs. zemoT CamoTvlili faqtorebis gamo, goris dramatuli Teatri erT-erT yvelaze aqtiur, stabilur, Tan-mimdevrul da saintereso Teatrad iqca, sadac arsebobs sarepertuaro politika da mudmivad xdeba dasis ganaxleba axalgazrda kadrebiT, romelTa xilva mayurebels ara mxolod scenaze, msaxiobis ampluaSi Seu-Zlia, aramed dramaturgiaSi (aq ramdenime damwyebi dramaturgis piesa daidga), re-

Jisorul da scenografiul namuSevrebSi (goris Teatris speqtaklebis programaSi aRmoaCen axal saxelebs).

170-e saiubileo sezoni goris Teatrma samxatvro xelmZRvanelis, soso nemsaZis speq-takliT „seilsmeni“ gaxsna. artur mileris ormoqmedebiani fsiqologiuri dramis „ko-movoiaJeris sikvdili“ (Death of a Salesman), romelic amerikuli literaturisa da Tea-tris klasikad aris miCneuli, scenuri adap-tacia Tavad reJisors ekuTvnis. problema, romelic artur milerma gasuli saukunis pir-veli naxevris dasasruls dasva, dRemde aqtu-aluria. uiRblo mogzauris, gayidvebis mene-jeris, vilis tragikul istorias reJisorma soso nemsaZem axleburi JReradoba mianiWa da okeanis gaRma datrialebuli sevdiani isto-ria saqarTveloSi gaaTamaSa. reJisorma ambavi da siuJeti ki ar Secvala da gadmoaqarTula, aramed qarTveli mayureblisTvis axlobeli da organuli gaxada, gansxvavebuli aqcenteb-is dasmiT xazi gausva xelmocaruli adamianeb-is problemas, komunikaciis deficits ojaxis wevrebs Soris, Taobebs Soris gansxvavebuli msoflmxedvelobiT gamowveul konfliqts.

soso nemsaZem mayurebelsa da axalgazr-da msaxiobebiT dakompleqtebul dass didi gamocda mouwyo. man siuJetis Txrobis rTuli konstruqcia da droSi gadaxlar-Tuli dramaturgiuli arqiteqtonika air-

kinofilmis ori Teatraluri versiis Taobaze

laSa CxartiSvili


#5 2015

Cia. mayurebelic da msaxiobebic drosa da sivrceSi mogzaurobs ise, rom yvelaferi dakavSirebuli siuJetTan da ambis Txro-basTan naTeli da gasagebia. es gza urTule-si ufro msaxiobebisTvisaa, radganac maT TavianTi gmirebis xasiaTis gadmosacemad tradiciulad, klasikurad Txroba ki ar uwevT, roca gmiris xasiaTi Tanmimdevru-lad viTardeba, aramed drosa da sivrceSia gabneuli da mayurebels am ganwyobis Tav-moyra uwevs. amis gamoa, rom speqtakli saintereso sanaxavia. siuJetis rTuli kon-struqcia Txrobas odnav aferxebs mxolod pirvel moqmedebaSi, roca saeqspozicio nawilis epizodebi TamaSdeba, rac bolomde anazRaurdeba meore moqmedebaSi.

speqtaklSi ZiriTadad, goris Teatris axali Taoba monawileobs, romelic imedis-momcemi da Zlieri Zalaa ara mxolod goris, aramed zogadad, qarTuli TeatrisTvis. am speqtaklSi kargad Cans bevri maTganis potencia, SesaZleblobebi da procesi, Tu rogor ixvewebian, viTardebian da Semo-qmedebiTad izrdebian isini. maT gverdiT dganan goris Teatris saSualo Taobis war-momadgenlebic, romelTa Soris lideri msaxiobi kaxa beriZea. speqtaklidan kargad Cans, rom dasi erT enaze saubrobs, maT So-ris swori sakomunikacio saSualebebi aris gamonaxuli, rac mayurebelSi qmnis ansamb-lurobis gancdasac.

speqtaklis centrSi mogzauri, ojaxis ufrosi da tragikuli persona, vili dgas, romelsac axalgazrda msaxiobi SoTa xan-jaliaSvili asrulebs. msaxiobi Zal-Rones ar iSurebs personaJis xasiaTis sworad da Tanmimdevrulad gadmosacemad, Tumca mas am etapze mainc aklia artistuli gamocdileba, ostatoba, raTa mis mier warmodgenili gmiri iyos ufro metad damajerebeli, vidre aris. garkveul epizodebSi msaxiobs ar hyofnis xmis ganawilebasTan dakavSirebuli teqnika, roca misi gmiri dramatuli persona xdeba, mas ar hyofnis gamocdileba dramatulobis simZa-friT gadmosacemad. roca moxucis ampluaSi is emocias umatebs, vili karikaturul per-sonaJs uaxlovdeba, rasac ver vityvi am gmiris axalgazrdobis periodze. SoTa xanjaliaS-vilis gmiri srul iluziaSi cxovrobs, axal-gazrdobaSi Svilebis gazrdisas daSvebuli Secdomebis Sedegebs sibereSi imkis. gulwrfe-li da bunebrivia msaxiobi axalgazrdobis periodSi, xolo sibereSi mis gmirs Sinaganad odnav xelovnuri, xolo garegnulad organu-li Strixebi avsebs. mTlianobaSi axalgazrda msaxiobi axerxebs vilis tragikuli personis saxis gaxsnas da Tanagancdis gamowvevas may-urebelTa Soris. vilis konfliqti realo-basTan, axal droebasa da SvilebTan araswor komunikaciasa da urTierTobis deficituro-baSi vlindeba. gansakuTrebiT gulwrfelia msaxiobi axalgazrda mamis ampluaSi, misi

#5 2015


urTierTobis scenebi „patara“ biWebTan may-urebelSi dadebiT emociebs aRZravs. realo-bas mowyvetil gmirs uWirs gaigos da miiRos paraleluri realoba, ubralod ar SeuZlia, misi mxolod cols lindas esmis, romelic xSir SemTxvevaSi mas ar eTanxmeba, magram misi namdvilad esmis.

axalgazrda msaxiobs Rirseul part-niorobas uweven colebis rolSi sofo maieri (linda) da ana CogovaZe (linda axal-gazrdobisas), orive msaxiobi realistu-ria, gulwrfeli da adekvaturi konkretul situaciebSi, Tumca, xasiaTebiT _ erT-maneTisgan radikalurad gansxvavebuli. sofo maieris gmiri Rrma Sinagan sevdas daa-tarebs da msaxiobi zedmeti gamomsaxvelo-biTi saSualebebis gamoyenebis gareSe xat-avs tragikuli qalis personas, romelsac iseve tkiva da uxaria, rogorc WeSmarit, meore naxevarze uzomod Seyvarebul, erT-gul meuRles. gansakuTrebiT emociuria misi safinalo monologi, romelic dat-virTulia cxovrebis tragizmiT. rac Se-exeba ana CogovaZis lindas, msaxiobi axal-gazrduli temperamentiT savse da ojaxze uzomod Seyvarebuli, odnav egoisti qalis mxatvrul saxes Zerwavs xistad, zedmeti gamomsaxvelobiTi saSualebebis gamoyeneb-is gareSe. sainteresod da Tanmimdevrulad

xataven bifis da hefis mxatvrul saxeebs zaza Tedeluri da giorgi elizbaraSvili. isini erTdroulad, speqtaklis msvlelo-bis sxvadasxva epizodSi bavSvobisa da axal-gazrdobis personaJebs TamaSoben. maT So-ris zRvari mkveTria da damajerebeli. isini arian gulwrfelebi da organulebi. maT ar aqvT arc erTi yalbi epizodi speqtaklSi. xasiaTebiT odnav gansxvavebuli persona-Jebi arian bifi da hefi, magram maT erTi saerTo aqvT: uniaToebi da uperspeqtivoe-bi arian, romlebmac didi dro dakarges sakuTari adgilis ZiebaSi. am tragizms gansakuTrebuli profesionalizmiT da daxvewilobiT zaza Tedeluri gviCvenebs. bunebrivia misi gaRizianebac. Tbili da mosiyvarule Svilis ampluas irgebs gior-gi elizbaraSvili, romelic, miuxedavad gmiris uaryofiTi Tvisebebisa, mainc pozi-tiur emociebs aRZravs mayurebelSi. samsax-iobo ostatobis simaRleze dgas kaxa ber-iZe, romelic speqtaklSi vilis mezoblis, Carlis rols asrulebs. mas mxolod ram-denime epizodi aqvs speqtaklSi, amis miux-edavad, TvalnaTliv warmoaCens msaxiobi gmiris xasiaTs mTlianobaSi, am personaJis Sinagani gancdebis dramaturgias. misi gar-egnoba matyuaraa (kostiumiTa da grimiTac msaxiobi daSorda Tavis realur ampluas),


#5 2015

buzRuna da mdidari moxuci sinamdvileSi sikeTiT savse personaJia, romelic mTeli cxovreba exmareba vilis da uxangrZlivebs paraleluri samyaros arsebobis SegrZne-bas. saintereso saxeebi Seqmnes speqtaklSi merab WankotaZem, zviad maRalaSvilma, le-van jambriSvilma, Tekla marjaniSvilma, na-Tia oTinaSvilma.

speqtaklis scenografma Tamar gurgeniZem dekoracia erTdroulad pirobiTad da re-alisturad gadawyvita. scenaze ramdenime oTaxis karia, maT Soris kedlebi ar aris aR-marTuli, amitom mayurebeli warmosaxviT iolad xvdeba, rom moqmedeba sxvadasxva sivrceSi mimdinareobs. am princips arc msax-iobebi arRveven da dialogisas oTaxidan oTaxSi Sesabamisad, odnav aweuli xmis toniT warmarTaven. feradi da dizainiT gansxvave-buli oTaxTa karebi am saxlis macxovrebelTa gansxvavebul msoflmxedvelobas gamoxatavs. xasiaTebis Sesabamisad SerCeuli kostiumebi mxatvris saTeatro azrovnebis masStabsa da Rrma codnas usvams xazs.

soso nemsaZe metaforuli eniT mosau-bre reJisoradac gvevlineba. am mxriv gamorCeulia ori metafora - daraba da man-qana, romelic, rogorc dekoraciis nawili sofitebs zemoT aris Camokidebuli. speq-taklis msvlelobisas isini scenografiis yvelaze statikur nawils warmoadgenen, xolo finalSi isini mxatvrul datvirTvas iZenen, rogorc mTavari gmiris cxovrebis da sulieri mdgomareobis nawili. vilis gardacvalebisas daraba, rogorc fanjara, misi cxovrebisa iketeba da aseve finalSi inTeba manqanis Suqebic, rogorc vilis sikvdilTan miaxloebis metafora, romelic gmirs gzas ukve saiqioSi unaTebs.

soso nemsaZis speqtaklSi erTi konk-retuli ojaxis magaliTze TamaSdeba is rTuli, winaaRmdegobebiT, gaugebrobe-biT, arakomunikabelurobiT gamowveuli realoba, romelic, zogadad, dgas ojaxsa da saxelmwifoSi. Tuki vilis ojaxs movi-azrebT, rogorc saxelmwifos patara mod-els da gavaanalizebT, mivxvdebiT, rom zogjer mTavari problema ojaxis wevrebs Soris komunikaciis deficitia. vilis mier erTxel daSvebuli Secdoma sabediswero aRmoCndeba ojaxis wevrebTan komunikaciis deficitis gasaCenad, imedebis gasacrue-blad da sasowarsakveTad. am dros ki ga-mosavali realobis mZafri SegrZnebaa da ara misgan gaqceva, rogorc vilis SemTxveva-Si, romelic TviTmkvlelobiT asrulebs cxovrebas. reJisoric yvela kars ketavs da migvaniSnebs, rom aseT SemTxvevaSi ga-mosavali aRar arsebobs! amitomac droze

unda vecadoT situaciaSi kargad garkvevas, sanam yvela kari da daraba Cairazeba.

* * * gasuli saukunis 90-iani wlebidan moy-

olebuli, Tavisufali Teatri erTad-erTi kerZo, damoukidebeli Teatria saqarTveloSi, romelsac aqtiuri funq-cionireba daarsebis dRidan dRemde arc erTi wuTiT ar Seuwyvitavs. Tavisufali Teatri sarepertuaro speqtaklebSi das-muli problemaTa simwvavis, pirdapirobis, simarTlis Seulamazeblad asaxvisa da ga-dacemis, arcTu momgebiani cxovrebis we-sis miuxedavad, uZlebs dros, mTavrobebs, ekonomikur kriziss da aqtiurad gana-grZobs cxovrebas qarTuli sazogadoebi-sTvis, mayureblisTvis, romelic mas aras-dros aklda.

meTeqvsmete saTeatro sezoni Tavisu-falma Teatrma avTo varsimaSvilis speqtak-liT „xom xocaven qancgawyvetil cxenebs“ gaxsna. makkoi xorasis amave saxelwodebis romanis mixedviT Seqmnili speqtaklis in-scenirebis avtori Tavad reJisoria, Tum-ca avTo varsimaSvili am SemTxvevaSi ara mxolod inscenirebis, aramed gadmoqar-Tulebis avtoradac mogvevlina. am mxriv mas sakmao gamocdileba daugrovda da am mimarTulebiT mis SemoqmedebiT angariSze ramdenime warmatebuli speqtaklia (gaxs-ovT albaT, misive „komediantebi“, romelic bolo periodis qarTul TeatrSi jon os-bornis amave saxelwodebis nawarmoebis gad-moqarTulebis saukeTeso magaliTia). unda iTqvas, rom avTandil varsimaSvilma gad-moqarTulebisas mxolod moqmedi gmirebis saxelebi da moqmedebis adgili ki ar Secva-la (rogorc amas bolo periodSi mTargm-nelebi, maT Soris saxelganTqmulebi, akeT-eben), aramed Seqmna axali qarTuli garemo da realoba, romelic organulad Seerwya Cvens Tanamedroveobas gmirTa xasiaTebiTa da situaciebiT. zedmet fiqrsa da azrovne-bas gadaCveul farTo sazogadoebriobas reJisorma am gziT gauadvila speqtaklSi dasmuli problemebis aRqmis amocana. loka-lur WrilSi dasmuli aqtualuri sakiTx-isTvis ki dautova analizisa da dafiqrebis saSualeba, raTa martivad gavarkvioT, sad varT, rani varT da rogor SeiZleba dav-aRwioT Tavi im ufskruls, romelSic didi xania gadaviCexeT. avTo varsimaSvilma te-qsti moqnili, sityva - qmediTi, epizodebi ki Teatraluri gaxada. personaJTa samety-velo ena Tanamedrovea. reJisori ar gaur-bis slengs, Jargons, enaSi damkvidrebul formebs, Sesabamisad, realobas (Teatric

#5 2015


xom Cveni cxovrebis sarke unda iyos). am gziT ki speqtaklis avtori kidev ufro aax-loebs mayurebels personaJebTan da zrdis speqtaklis msvlelobaSi mayureblis Car-Tulobis xarisxs.

mxolod dros da situacias morgebuli teqstis warmatebuli adaptacia ar aris avTo varsimaSvilis speqtaklis xibli. is kargad icnobs mayurebels da flobs misi monusxvis xerxebsac, rac mizanscenaTa Tan-mimdevrul (ganviTarebad) wyobaSi, speq-taklis musikalur gaformebasa (emociis gasaZliereblad) da problemis zustad mignebul da rac mTavaria, zomierad gaJR-erebaSi gamoixateba. reJisori amjeradac ar indobs, ar erideba aravis da arafers, arc SefarviT gzebs eZebs simarTlis saTqmelad, realuri suraTis dasaxatad. aq yvelaferi xelisgulzea gaTamaSebuli, radgan metaforebis Teatri warsuls Cab-arda da dro am metaforaTa amosaxsnelad aRarc mayurebels aqvs. am formiT reJiso-ri cdilobs pirdapir iqonios zegavlena mayurebelze, rasac aRwevs kidec.

avTo varsimaSvili satelevizio realu-ri Sous monawile oTxi wyvilis magaliTze gviCvenebs Cvens sazogadoebas, sociums Tavisi problemebiT, realobiT, cxovrebis wesiT, xasiaTiT, dadebiTi da uaryofiTi TvisebebiT. reJisori mxolod socialur

problemebze akeTebs aqcents, magram am erTi ZiriTadi da uaRresad mtkivneuli problemis kvaldakval ikveTeba uamravi xazi, romelic TvalnaTliv gvaCvenebs im mizezebs realobisa, romelSic dRes vcx-ovrobT. „xom xocaven qancgawyvetil cx-enebs“ mZafri socialuri Tematikisa da aqtualur problemaTa erTobliobis speq-taklia, romelic unda naxos ara mxolod farTo mayurebelma, aramed xelisuflebis, arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da medi-is warmomadgenlebma, romlebic sakuTar prototipebs iolad aRmoaCenen Tavisu-fali Teatris scenaze gaTamaSebul erT konkretul ambavSi. speqtaklSi areklilia Cveni cxovrebis epizodebi, bolo wlebSi qveyanaSi momxdari da mimdinare movlenebi - gzas acdenili axalgazrdebi, totaluri umuSevrobis da migraciis problema, ome-biT gamowveuli mouSuSebeli tragedia da tkivilebi, sazogadoebis saSualo fenis SimSili...

varsimaSvilis speqtakli, ise rogorc speqtaklSi mimdinare satelevizio realuri Sou, Cveni dRevandelobis sarkea. scenaze mx-atvrulad sarkiseburad aisaxeba Cveni yofa (scenografebi SoTa gabaliSvili, Teo kuxi-aniZe). scenaze gaTamaSebul istoriebs didi manZili ar aSorebs mayureblisgan, amitomac movlenebs mTeli simZafriT, realobis Seg-


#5 2015

rZnebiT aRiqvams mayurebeli, romelic iseve ganicdis scenaze momxdars, rogorc Tavad gmirebi. scenografebma Seqmnes zusti da meta-foruli samyaro - sajinibo, Tavisi modern-izebuli atributikiT. msaxiobTa kostiumeb-Sic Seitanes detalebi, romliTac speqtaklis gmirebi cxenosnobis maraTonSi monawileebs miuaxloves. STambeWdavia derbis scena, roca realuri Sous gmirebi cxenebiviT erTvebian maraTonSi. mayureblis Tvalwin cocxldeba realuri suraTi, romelic ara mxolod am konkretul epizods gadmoscems Teatris eniT, aramed zogadad, adamianTa cxovrebi-seul maraTons. garegnulad moqmedeba cxen-saSenis interierSi, TavlaSi warmoebs, sinam-dvileSi ki es realuri teleSoua, romelSic gansxvavebuli interesebis adamianebi nebayo-flobiT monawileoben. scenografebma origi-nalurad gaiazres sivrce, cxenebiviT Sous monawileebi maTi gansxvavebuli xasiaTebisa da interesebis miuxedavad, erTnair standar-tul sibrtyeze moaTavses. sivrce, sadac mo-qmedeba xdeba, romelic araerTi scenuri mx-atvruli metaforis Semcvelia, sarkiseburad ireklavs personaJebs, mayurebels, moqmede-bebs, scenur realobasa da Sinagan gancdeb-sac ki, romelic gaormagebuli simZafriT mo-qmedebs mayurebelze.

realur SouSi monawileebs erTi inter-esi aqvT, moigon 100 000 lari, magram maT

gansxvavebuli xasiaTebi, cxovrebis wesi da ganvlili gza aqvT. maTi SesaZleblobebic da warsulic gansxvavebulia, Tumca isini saerTo enas mainc pouloben. am realur SouSi, ise rogorc cxovrebaSi, uyvarde-baT da erTmaneTs Sordebian, ebrZvian da erTmaneTis gverdiT dganan, akeTeben aR-moCenebs da umklavdebian moulodnel, arc-Tu sasiamovno siurprizebs. isini savse ar-ian angarebiT, farisevlobiT, erTgulebiT, erTmaneTis pativiscemiT. maT ormagi saxe aqvT, erTi _ realuri da meore _ parale-luri _ mxolod kamerebisTvis gankuTvni-li (iZulebiT Rimiliani). maT aqvT miznebi da ocnebebi, romliskenac iswrafvian. miznebis misaRwevad da ocnebebis asaxde-nad ki maT rTuli, samkvdro-sasicocxlo gzis gavla uwevT, zogierTi maTgani verc uZlebs da maraTons eTiSeba. mxolod erTi wyvili (nini - qeTa lorTqifaniZe da oTo - giorgi jiqia) aRwevs sawadels da imarjvebs. speqtaklSi monawile msaxiobebi: giorgi zanguri, mariam nadiraZe, qeTa lorTqi-faniZe, ana aladaSvili, laSa gurgeniZe, ma-muka mumlaZe, salome WuluxaZe da giorgi jiqia Sous monawileebs ganasaxiereben. amavdroulad isini qmnian zogad mxatvrul saxeebs, sazogadoebis tipebs, romlebsac Cven yoveldRiur cxovrebaSi vxvdebiT. epizodur, magram dasamaxsovrebel mx-

#5 2015


atvrul saxes qmnis TinaTin korZaZe (fati), romelic arasamTavrobo organizaciebis krebiTi saxea speqtaklSi. TinaTin korZaZis gmiri moulodnelad parteridan avardeba scenaze da aprotestebs realur Sous. msax-iobi qmnis daprogramebuli, gonebrivad odnav daqveiTebuli gmiris tipaJs, romel-sac absurduli mizezebis gamo miaCnia, rom Sou unda daixuros. misi argumentebi re-alobas acdenilia da marcxisTvis ganwiru-li. miT umetes, roca momdevno epizodebSi irkveva misi gauCinarebis mizezi: gaCumebis sanacvlod man realuri Sous mesveurebi-dan garkveuli Tanxa miiRo protestis Ses-awyvetad.

speqtaklSi gansxvavebul da moulodnel ampluaSi _ Sous wamyvanis rolSi mogvev-lina msaxiobi jaba kilaZe, romlis saubris manera da intonacia garkveul momentebSi daviT aqubardias gvagonebs. msaxiobi ax-erxebs Seqmnas sazogadoebrivi monstris - televiziis krebiTi saxe, romelic mxolod reitingze fiqrobs da ar adardebs adami-anebis fsiqologiuri, sulieri, fizikuri mdgomareoba. romelsac dakarguli aqvs Tanagancdis grZnoba da qceulia ro-botad, romelsac mxolod erTi mizani aqvs _ Seqmnas reitinguli Sou. jaba kilaZis gmiri ar aris calsaxa da erTferovani. mis xasiaTSi warsulidan sul sxva cxovre-biseuli gamocdileba vlindeba, romelic aRsarebasaviT wamoscdeba mas, Tumca es mas srulebiTac ar amarTlebs. mis gmirs saxelmwifoebrivi azrovneba, moqalaqeo-brivi Segneba da motivacia ar aqvs. Sesa-bamisad, mayurebels gamoaqvs daskvna, rasac reziumes saxiT amboben kidec speqtaklSi, rom „Cveni televiziebi aris yvelaze didi marazmi, romelTac uxariaT saSinelebaTa tiraJireba“. jaba kilaZe warmatebulad qmnis qarTuli televiziis zogad saxes, xSirad cvlis nacnob intonacias, Tumca tovebs mTavars - dauokebel wyurvils didi reitingis dasawerad, amitomac mis gmirs sindisze xeli aRebuli aqvs da bevri grZno-bac Segnebulad gamorTuli aqvs.

moqmedebis paralelurad, pirdapiri eTeris principiT scenis zemoT saxeldax-elo ekranze gadis kadrebi proeqciis saS-ualebiT, romelic detalebze muSaobs da mimikis gaZlierebis efeqtiT Cven vxedavT gmirTa Sinagan gancdebs, Tumca msaxiobe-bi imdenad Zlierad gamoxataven gmirTa gancdebs, rom ekranze maTi portretebis

Cveneba emociis gaZlierebis mizniT zed-metic ki aris.

speqtaklis qoreografiuli gadawyveta mariam aleqsiZes ekuTvnis. sacekvao SouSi monawileebi bevrs „cekvaven“. speqtaklSi qoreografia eskizebis saxiT gvxdeba, aq ver SexvdebiT dasrulebul sacekvao no-mers, erTi da igive qoreografiuli naxa-zi refreniviT gasdevs ramdenime scenas, monotonuri moZraobebi ideurad Cvens inertul cxovrebis wessa da Sinaarszec miuTiTebs. Sous monawileebis protesti plastikaSic vlindeba, magram mas loka-luri amboxebis masStabi aqvs. msaxiobTa-gan daxvewili plastikiT laSa gurgeniZe, mariam nadiraZe da qeTa lorTqifaniZe gam-oirCevian.

varsimaSvilis speqtaklSi satelevizio realuri Sou patara modelia imisa, rac Cvens garSemo xdeba, rom cxovrebac iseTive maraTonia, rogorc Tavad Sou da Cven am Sous monawileebi varT.

avTo varsimaSvilis speqtakli Cvenzea, rigiT moqalaqeebze, xelmocarul da gza-sacdenil axalgazrdebze, niWier momaval Taobaze, romelsac surs icxovros nor-malur da stabilur qveyanaSi, im Taobaze, romelic omSi ibrZoda, im Zlier qalebze, romlebic kacebs zurgiT miaTrevdnen, im cxenad gadaqceul adamianebze, romelsac qancgawyvetilobis Jams xocaven, im Tav-laze, romelSic cxenebiviT vcxovrobT da gadmogdebul lukmapurs velodebiT, im winaaRmdegobebze, romelic cxovreba-Si gvxdeba da imazec, rogor marcxdebian da imarjveben mizandasaxuli adamianebi. es aris speqtakli Zlieri da susti nebi-syofis adamianebze _ yvelaze, vinc Cvens droSi cxovrobs da arsebobs. es mZafri da tkivilebiT damZimebuli speqtakli im ma-raTonzea, romelSic ramdenime aTeuli we-lia vmonawileobT da finalamde jer bevri gviklia. speqtaklidan kargad Cans, rom re-Jisori jerovnad icnobs epoqas da garemos, romelSic cxovrobs da moRvaweobs, aq adam-ianebi danevrozebulni arian. isini Caketil sivrceSi Tavisive nebiT cxovroben da iste-riulad ibrZvian gamarjvebisTvis. es avTo varsimaSvilis Teatria, romelic Tavisi speqtaklebiT yvela droSi axerxebs iyos ukompromiso, obieqturi, mwvave, kritiku-li, koniunqturis gareSe da yovelTvis obieqturi simarTlis mxares.


#5 2015

is faqti, rom dmanisSi aRsdga zina kv-erenCxilaZis saxelobis Teatri, umniS-vnelovanesi movlenaa. is garemoebac, rom Cvenma didebulma msaxiobma, qalbatonma zina kverenCxilaZem, swored im raionSi daaarsa Teatri, sadac qarTuli sityva yovelTvis unda ismodes, ra Tqma unda, is-toriuli faqtia. es Teatri qarTuli kul-turis kera unda gaxdes, aq axalgazrdoba unda movides, es Teatri qarTuli patrio-tuli sulis samWedlod unda iqces... anu Teatrma Tavisi daniSnuleba unda Seasru-los! erovnul muxts isic amZafrebs, rom kulturis saxlis darbazSi gamofenilia dmanisis arqeologiuri eqspediciis mier mopovebuli istoriuli nivTebi. maT So-ris - pirvel evropelTa, mziasa da zezvas, Tavis qalebi. gaiwminda da Tavis pirvel-saxes daubrunda dmanisis sionis mimdebare teritoria. am arqeologiuri monapovris didi moamage da xelmZRvaneli, batoni jumber kopaliani Teatris direqtoric gaxlavT. sasixaruloa, rom Teatris samx-atvro xelmZRvanelia cnobili da niWieri msaxiobi kote mJavia, romelic ar SeuSinda rTul SemoqmedebiT pirobebs, Sekriba Tan-amoazreTa gundi da mcire materialuri saxsrebiT (adgilobrivi biujetidan weli-wadSi 10 aTasi laria gamoyofili) moamzada

speqtakli, romelic foTis saerTaSoriso regionul pirvel festivalze warmatebiT gamovida da mayureblis didi mowoneba da siyvaruli daimsaxura.

sainteresoa isic, rom vixileT nodar dumbaZis nawarmoebebis `sisxli~ da `ZaR-li~-s mixedviT dadgmuli speqtakli. es gax-lavT ara komediuri Janris, aramed patrio-tuli JReradobis speqtakli, reJisorma gega qurcikiZem am ori damoukidebeli novelisgan speqtaklis mTliani siuJeti Se-qmna. mogexsenebaT, `sisxli~ ori epizodis-gan Sedgeba, rodesac babua spiridons bebia iuliasgan nodara guriaSi mihyavs da rode-sac iulia ukan, xonSi, abrunebs SviliSvils. maT Soris guriaSi cxovrebis ambavs `ZaR-lis~ siuJeti agrZelebs, rac organuli aR-moCnda speqtaklisTvis. reJisoruli kon-cefciiT speqtakli mouwodebs mayurebels patriotizmisken, adamianma ar unda dakar-gos Tavisi mamuli, SeinarCunos winapar-Ta tradiciebi, ar uRalatos `sisxlis yivils~, ar Caaqros is fuZe, sadac gaizarda da momaval Taobebs gadasces keriis - sam-Soblos didi siyvaruli. speqtakli, mx-atvruli Rirebulebis garda, erovnul JR-eradobasac iZens, vinaidan dmanisis raionSi qarTuli mosaxleoba mxolod 30 procents Seadgens da, am mxriv, mSobliur sityvas gan-

dmanisis Teatri kvlav aRorZinda

gubaz megreliZe

#5 2015


sakuTrebuli mniSvneloba eniWeba. moqmedeba iwyeba kote mJavias gamosv-

liT, romelic siyvaruliTa da nostalgiu-ri ganwyobiT Seavlebs Robes xels, SeaTva-lierebs bavSvobaSi gatarebul garemos, zurgCanTas moixsnis da, scenis kuTxeSi dadgomis Semdeg, bavSvobis mogonebebi Seax-seneben Tavs. igi wamyvanisa da avtoris fun-qcias iTavsebs da mayurebeli warmosaxvis samyaroSi Sehyavs, sadac xan moqmed pirad, xanac movlenebis emociur Semfaseblad gevlineba. masSi airekleba bavSvobis wleb-is ganumeorebeli xibli, adgilis dedis didi siyvaruli, romlis monatrebamac igi mSobliur kuTxeSi Camoiyvana. marTalia, misi winaprebi fizikurad aRar arian, magram, qvad, xed, cad, miwad qceulni, Tan sdeven. am emociis gamoxatvas cdilobs msaxiobi mo-qmedebis msvlelobisas da mayureblisTvis saTqmel azrs naTlad gamoxatavs. amitomac finalSi Tofs kedelze kidebs, mongreul Robes asworebs da sofelSi rCeba winapar-Ta saqmis gasagrZeleblad... aris scenebi, sadac wamyvani scenebs Soris siuJets yveba situaciebis asaxsnelad. albaT ajobebda es Txroba gaTamaSebuliyo, rac moqmedebas ufro qmediTs gaxdida.

aRsaniSnavia maia sxirtlaZis scenogra-fia, sadac ramdenime StrixiTaa mocemu-li guruli soflisTvis damaxasiaTebeli garemo, rasac gmirebisTvis SerCeuli kos-tiumebic Tavisebur kolorits matebs mo-qmedebas.

speqtakls Tavisebur xibls sZens, cno-bili msaxiobis zurab cincqilaZis mier gansaxierebuli babua spiridonis saxe. marTalia, mas jer babuas roli ar uTa-maSia, magram bavSvobaSi guriaSi gatare-bulma wlebma, mis gmirs guruli koloriti da iumoris grZnoba SesZina. amas daemata msaxiobis dramatuli gancda, samsaxiobo ostatoba da popularoba, ramac sxvebTan erTad speqtaklis warmateba ganapiroba. amitomac, speqtaklis Semdeg emocias ver malavda: `Cemi megobrebis damokidebulebam gadawyvita Cveni erTad Sekreba da visurve maTTan erTad monawileoba. xazgasmiT unda ganvacxado, rom am strategiul regionSi erovnuli speqtaklis ganxorcieleba er-Tob saSuri saqmea. xmas ver amoviRebdi, erovnebaze, patriotizmze, samSoblos siy-varulze, am proeqtSi monawileoba rom ar mimeRo~.

moqmedeba spiridonisa da iulias di-alogiT iwyeba. z. cincqilaZis babua gak-virvebulia bebias mier im biWis celqobis

aRweriT, romelic uxmod dgas. amave dros, gulic Sestkiva imaze, rom biWisTvis igi ucxoa da fiqrobs, rogor daiaxlovos pirvelad nanaxi SviliSvili. spiridoni grZnobs mis samyaros da cdilobs Tbili da-mokidebuleba agrZnobinos. z. cincqilaZis gmiris ocneba axda, roca iuliam SemouTva-la, bavSvi waiyvaneo. igi gaxarebulia da unda biWi guriaSi male waiyvanos. amitomac misi muqara, rom bavSvs `WlikiT dakidebs da oTxSi amoiRebs” siyvaruliT, yovelgvari boroti ganzraxvis gareSea naTqvami. es mu-qara iulias gasagonia mxolod, rom bebias daanaxos, rom SeZlebs nodaras gamoswore-bas. gzaSi spiridonis damokidebuleba icv-leba. igi cdilobs biWSi pirovnuli sawyisi warmoaCinos da cxovrebiseul sakiTxebze fiqrs SeaCvios. misTvis SviliSvili gvaris gagrZelebis erTaderTi saSualebaa da ufrTxildeba mas. isini erTi TvalTaxed-viT cxovroben bunebasTan, adamianebTan da saerTod yofasTan mimarTebiT. mxolod calkeuli movlenebi arRveven am ganwyobas.

spiridonis damokidebuleba icvleba badriasTan urTierTobisas. Aar sTxovnis Tofs. Tofis gasrola misTvis dadebiT emociebTanaa dakavSirebuli: kalandasTan, omis damTavrebasTan, Svilis frontidan dabrunebasTan;… amitomac uars eubneba Tofis Txovebaze. z. cincqilaZis xandaz-muli gmiri ar epueba badrias Zaladobasa da muqaras da uSiSrad hpirdeba samagier-os gadaxdas. am epizodSi msaxiobi avlens gmiris Sinagani bunebis siZlieres, rac mis fizikur mdgomareobasTan mimarTe-biT kontrastulad gamoiyureba da amZa-frebs spiridonis emociebs. misi mkacri gamoxedviTa da aRelvebiT Cans, rom, mox-ucebulobis miuxedavad, igi ar daTmobs kacur Tavmoyvareobas, usamarTlod aravis daaCagvrinebs Tavs. spiridonis emociu-ri ganwyoba icvleba, rodesac biWs Tofs awvdis ZaRlis mosaklavad. am SemTxvevaSi masSi, misi nebis sawinaaRmdegod, sof-lisadmi pasuxismgebloba iRviZebs, icis, rom moralurad ar moqmedebs marTebulad, magram SviliSvils sofelTan Tanacxovre-bis samomavlo perspeqtivas uqmnis, aswav-lis, rom soflis `gadadgoma~, gauWirdeba. Aam SemTxvevaSi spiridoni sworad acnobier-ebs brbodqceuli, saxedakarguli soflis Zalas da misgan Tavdacvas aswavlis biWs. Mmere ki, dinebis sawinaaRmdegod mcuravs, dafiqrebiT eubneba: `ase Tu qeni, babu, Sen gagiWirdeba cxovreba~. am scenaSi z. cinc-qilaZe saxierad gamohkveTs spiridonis Si-


#5 2015

nagan daZabulobas, rac samarTlianobisa da usamarTlobis gancdas amZafrebs, rac mis pirovnul mrwamsTan, faqtobrivad, Seusa-bamoa.

sruliad icvleba spiridoni, rodesac bavS-vis wasayvanad iulia modis. maT dialogs Seji-brebis saxe aqvs, roca spiridoni `umtkicebs~ bavSvi ar Secvlila da iseTive celqiao. igi marto darCenas ganicdis, magram masSi mainc rCeba didi sikeTe _ iulias SecodebiT Ta-vadve isacodavebs Tavs. amitomac ambobs: `Znelia kacoba, nametani Zneli~. spiridoni moralurad imdenad srulyofilia, rom igi iulias mdgomareobaSi Sedis da Tavis erTad-erT imeds atans. es sevdiani ganwyoba maleve ecvleba gamoqceuli biWis zurgze moxute-biT. spiridoni jer SekrTeba, mere gauxarde-ba, gulSi Caixutebs da cdilobs Seagnebinos dabrunebis mizezi: `sisxlma dagabruna, babu~ da am mizidulobis Zalis gamoxatuleba una-piro siyvarulia.

Eemociuria spiridonis sikvdiliswina mon-ologi. msaxiobi saocari ostatobiT axerx-ebs SviliSvils sikvdili dasasrulad ki ara, gardacvaleba - gardasaxvad aRaqmevinos, gaa-Zlieros da ukve kaci, pirovneba, datovos. albaT, amitomac, speqtaklis Semdeg miTxra z. cincqilaZem: `babua jer ar ganmisaxierebia da Tuki srulyofil saxes Sevqmni, minda sesilia TayaiSvilis donis bebias gverdiT, samomav-lod aseTive mxatvruli Rirebulebis babuas saxe Sevqmna, romlis ganxorcielebaSic asa-kica da cxovrebiseuli gamocdilebac xels miwyobs~. albaT, amitomac speqtakli mayureb-lis emociasac iwvevs, rac reJisorisa da msax-iobebis miRwevaa.

iulia, msaxiob naira gelaZis SesrulebiT, emociiT aRsavse bebiaa. igi jer spiridons atans SviliSvils, radgan ver alagma misi celqoba da unda ufro mkacri aRzrdis pirobebSi gamosworebis gzaze daayenos. mis mizans bavSvis Tavidan mocileba ar warmoa-gens. speqtaklis bolos, bavSvis wasayvanad mosul iulias gaTviTcnobierebuli aqvs ubavSvod darCenili moxucis moraluri mdgomareoba, amitomac sinanuliT exveweba spiridons mis ukan dabrunebas da mzad aris

misi celqobac aitanos. nodaras gareSe misi saxl-karis garemo gaucxoebulia da Sinagan sicarieles grZnobs. amitomac cdilobs ra-dac ar unda daujdes, SviliSvili daibru-nos.

Nnodara, skolis moswavlis zuriko futkaraZis SesrulebiT, bavSvuri emoci-iT aRsavse biWia, romelsac Segnebuli aqvs Tavisi `danaSauli~ da TavCaRunili ismens bebias sayvedurebs. babuasTan erTad odnav gamodis bavSvuri garemodan, radganac ojaxisadmi pasuxismgeblobas grZnobs. misi damokidebuleba mebufetesadmi, badriasa da kirile mamalaZisadmi (beqa Turman-iZe) principulia da uaryofiTad afasebs maT saqciels. marTalia, axalgazrda Sem-srulebels ver movTxovT met profesion-alizms, magram Tavisi gulwrfeli, marTa-li damokidebulebiT speqtaklis saerTo iersaxeSi bunebrivad gamoiyureba.

valerian manzulaSvilis mebufete Tavisi siflidiT cdilobs bavSvis motyuebas, ZaRl-isadmi cinikuri damokidebulebiT Tavis daundobel xasiaTs amJRavnebs, Tumca bavS-vis mcireodeni winaaRmdegobis gawevisas SiSis grZnoba uCndeba, Rirseba aRar axsend-eba. bBadria, jaba xuskivaZis SesrulebiT, saku-Tari qmedebis simarTleSi darwmunebulia da cdilobs Tavisi azri sxvebsac moaxvios, Tun-dac SeSinebis fasadac. mis agresiul damok-idebulebas spiridonisadmi saTanado Sedegi ver moaqvs. badrias gaTviTcnobierebuli ara aqvs Tavisi saqcieli da amitomac midis spiridonis panaSvidze, saidanac SviliSvili samarcxvinod agdebs saxlidan. mayurebeli xedavs, rom badriaSi raRac gardatexa iwyeba.

dmanisis Teatris ganaxleba da es speq-takli imiT exmianeba erTmaneTs, rom orive SemTxvevaSi `sisxlis yivili~ imarjvebs, rom am regionSi qarTuli sityvis gaJRere-ba momaval Taobebs gaukvalavs cxovrebis gzas. amitomac adgilobrivma xelisufle-bam kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saminis-trosTan erTad, aucileblad unda moiZion mudmivmoqmedi Teatris arsebobisTvis au-cilebeli saxsrebi.

#5 2015


Salva dadianis saxelobis saxelmwifo dramatul TeatrSi sezoni premieriT gaixsna. nika sabaSvilma vaJa-fSavelas nawarmoebebis mixedviT Tojinuri warmodgena „Svlis nukris naambobi“ dadga. sanam uSualod speqtaklis Sesaxeb Cems azrs gagiziarebT, kidev erTxel gulistkiviliT minda aRvniSno, rom zugdidis Teatrma sezoni isev avariul SenobaSi gaxsna. 2012 wlidan, mas Semdeg, rac zugdidis Teat-ris samxatvro xelmZRvanelad badri weredi-ani dainiSna da TeatrSi axalmisuli Senobis daTvalierebisas, meore sarTulidan, Weris Camongrevis gamo uecrad pirvel sarTulze aRmoCnda, es adamiani, ara mxolod sityviT, aramed saqmiTac aqtiurad „ibrZvis“, saTe-atro xelovnebis uzomod moyvaruli zug-didelebisTvis, Teatris SesanarCuneblad. mayurebelTa darbazSi Sesvlisas, pirveli SegrZneba, gausaZlisi nestis sunia (Senobis saZirkvelSi wyalia Camdgari), zamTarSi ver rTaven gaTbobas da a. S. imisda miuxedavad, rom Senoba ingreva, zugdidelebi mainc erTgulad dadian TeatrSi. albaT, regionis Teatrebs Soris, speqtaklebze mayurebelTa daswre-bis TvalsazrisiT, zugdidi erT-erTi lide-ria. bolo sami wlis ganmavlobaSi, presiT Tu televiziiT, araerTxel gaSuqda es problema. Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvaneli, yofil Tu axlandel direqtorTan erTad, mcdelobas ar akleben am saqmis gamosasworeblad, magram maTi qmedebebi realurad uSedegoa, mxolod dapirebebis doneze rCeba. dRemde ar aris gadawyvetili Senobis reabilitaciis sakiTxi. kidev erTi ram minda aRvniSno, am problemis

miuxedavad, sami wlis ganmavlobaSi, zugdidis Teatris SemoqmedebiTi, mxatvruli done gan-viTarda da amaRlda. sxvasTan erTad, es upir-veles yovlisa, badri weredianis mier reper-tuaris sworad dagegmvas da ganxorcielebas exeba. zugdidis TeatrSi sxvadasxva Janris, stilistikis, epoqis piesebi idgmeba gansxvave-buli saTeatro formebiT: Tanamedrove da klasikuri qarTuli Tu ucxouri dramatur-gia, dramatuli, mxatvrul-dokumenturi ver-batimi, Tojinuri speqtaklebi. vimedovneb, zugdidis Teatris Senobis sakiTxi uaxloes momavalSi gadawydeba da Teatris moyvaruli zugdidelebi maRali xarisxis speqtaklebs gamagrebul, garemontebul, gamTbar SenobaSi naxaven.

axalgazrda reJisors nika sabaSvils ukve kargad icnobs qarTveli da ucxoeli mayure-beli. misi Sereuli tipis speqtakli „1945“ (mo-zard mayurebelTa Teatri), romelic ufro moZraobis Teatrisken ixreba da plastikur naxazs udidesi datvirTva aqvs miniWebuli, wlevandel premia „durujze“ wardgenil mon-awileTa Soris, axalgazrda reJisorTa sauke-Teso xuTeulSi moxvda. ramdenime wlis win, imave nominaciaSi, speqtaklisTvis „qaRaldis wvima“, premia „durujis“ mflobeli gaxda. bolo periodSi, Tbilisis saxelmwifo To-jinebis TeatrSi, man ori Tojinuri speqtak-li dadga: „iavnanam ra hqmna“ (i. gogebaSvilis mixedviT) da „saqarTvelo“. aSS-Si, niu iorkSi - „iavnanam ra hqmna“ - (Tojinebis Teatris gas-trolebze yofnisas) imdenad moewonaT, rom reJisors brodveize miuziklis dadgma Ses-

zugdidis TeatrSi gacocxlebuli

vaJas moTxroba

maka vasaZe


#5 2015

Tavazes.badri weredianma axalgazrda reJisori To-

jinuri speqtaklis dasadgmelad miiwvia. nika sabaSvilma, rogorc zemoT aRvniSne, gadawy-vita vaJa-fSavelas moTxrobis „Svlis nukris naambobis“ gasceniureba. inscenirebaSi re-Jisorma, am genialur nawarmoebTan, ramdenime moTxrobis („ia“, „quCi“, „xmeli wifeli“) nawy-veti gaaerTiana. 45-wuTiani speqtakli erTi amosunTqviT midis. ilia sajaias araCveule-brivi Tojinebi, ritmi, plastikuri naxazi, reJisoris gamomgonebloba da fantaziis un-ari, sworad SerCeuli musikaluri gaformeba mayurebelze momnusxvel gavlenas axdens. 45 wuTi ise Caivlis, rom verc igeb da guli gwydeba, rom es saocari, Tumca, sevdiani, gulisamaCuyebeli, damafiqrebeli sanaxaoba dasrulda. speqtakli ufro mozrdili asa-kis bavSvebisTvis (albaT, skolis me-3, me-4 klaselTaTvis) da ufrosebisTvis Seqmnili sanaxaobaa. moTxrobac ar aris gankuTvnili patara bavSvebisTvis, isini ubralod verc gaigeben da amasTan erTad, albaT, arc Rirs patarebisTvis misi wakiTxva, imdenad gulis damTuTqvelia vaJas genialuri nawarmoebi. dRemde misi xelaxali wakiTxvisas cremlebs ver vikaveb da adamianTa modgmis sisastikeze, ugulobaze, ulmoblobaze, umecrebaze fiqri Zalian didxans mimyveba da ar masvenebs xolme.

speqtaklis umTavres damsaxurebad, vaJas moTxrobebis sulis, ganwyobis, atmosferos

Seqmnaa. reJisorTan erTad, es, axalgazrda mxatvris, ilia sajaias damsaxurebaa, romel-mac Tojinur speqtaklze pirvelad imuSava da araCveulebrivad gaarTva Tavi. garda imisa, rom man moqnili, moZravi, metyveli Tojinebi Seqmna, amasTanave, martivi, magram ulamazesi, STambeWdavi dekoracia da rekviziti gaakeTa TejirebSi Casmuli speqtaklisTvis. nika sa-baSvili ukve mesame Tojinur speqtakls dgams, magram arc erTi ar hgavs erTmaneTs formiT, JanriT, stilistikiT Tu gadawyvetiT. aRsani-Snavia isic, rom zugdidis Teatris msaxiobeb-ma pirvelad iTamaSes aseTi tipis speqtaklSi da pirvelad atares, aTamaSes Tojinebi. To-jinebis sworad tarebis garda, TiToeulma msaxiobma Tavis gansasaxierebel personaJ-Tojinas, is emociuri muxti gadasca, rasac Tavad msaxiobebi ganicdidnen. amis gamo, To-jinebi saocrad metyvelni iyvnen. es, msaxiobe-bis: gogi guguCias, irakli samuSias, marina daraselias, mzevinar Cargazias, koba matkavas, laSa xizaneiSvilis da ilia sajaias niWierebis garda, ra Tqma unda, reJisoris udidesi dam-saxurebacaa.

„Svlis nukris naambobis“ inscenirebi-sas nika sabaSvilma vaJas teqstis montaJi gaakeTa. Svlis nukris ambavSi, fabulaSi sxva moTxrobebis nawyvetebis Casmis garda, re-Jisorma Seqmna dialogebi, vaJas moTxrobis prologi ki epilogad aqcia. reJisoruli in-terpretaciiT ambavi Svlis nukris dabadebiT

#5 2015


iwyeba - Svels kalaTaSi Casmul nukrs TeTri wero miarTmevs. nika sabaSvilma sxva zRapreb-Si arsebuli, Sobis sxvadasxva saxis miTebidan, erT-erTi gamoiyena. reJisorma da mxatvarma scenebad da epizodebad dayves nukris mier samyaros aRqma da Secnoba. tye, klde, quCi, ia, kodala, Cxikvi, wyaro, mdinare, xmeli wifeli, mze, mTvare, ca, varskvlavebi, ZaRli, mgeli - yvelas da yvelafris SecnobaSi exmareba deda patara nukrs. zogi megobaria, zogi CxikviviT veragi mteria, magram yvelaze saSiSi, daun-dobeli arseba adamiania. misi unda eSinodes nukrs yvelaze metad. ZaRli da mgeli me ver-afers damaklebso - eubneba deda, mas mere, rac monadiris ZaRlisgan Tavis dasaRwevad, mTeli dRis sirbilis Semdeg, Sveli Tavis SeSinebul patara Svils monaxavs. ostaturad atareben msaxiobebi Svelis da nukris Tojinebs, magram marina daraselias da mzevinar Cargazias gax-movaneba zust emociur datvirTvas aZlevs am personaJebs. isini xan bednierebi da mxi-arulebi, xan SeSinebulebi da frTxilebi, xan ki sasowarkveTilebi arian. papanaqeba sicxeSi civ mdinareSi Cadgomas da gagrilebas aswav-lis deda. reJisorma da mxatvarma martivad, magram Zalian lamazad da efeqturad gadawy-vites es epizodi. Tejirebs miRma sivrcis gas-wvriv cisferi naWeri gaWimes, wylis dgafunis, wveTebis efeqts ganaTebis da cisferi patara fantelebis meSveobiT aRweven. dRis RamiT Canacvlebis scenac Zalian martivad da sain-teresod aqvT mofiqrebuli - naWriT gakeTe-bul lurj caze jer Rrublebi danavardoben, mere erT RrubelTan erTad mzec gamoCndeba, xan gamoanaTebs da xan ki Rrubels miefareba,

Caivlis cis kabadons, ucbad Semoatrialeben mzis gamosaxulebas da igi mTvared iqceva, iqve varskvlavebic akiafdebian; anda, qvis lodebi, uzarmazar klded rogor gardaiqmnebian.

epilogSi reJisorma monadiris personaJi cocxal msaxiobs ganasaxierebina. patara Te-jirebian sivrceSi igi raRac uzarmazar ve-lur urCxuls mogagonebT. nika sabaSvilma am xerxiT kidev ufro gaamZafra sastiki, daundobeli adamianis saxeba. igi modis da moarRvevs, TiTqos deda-Svilis dasacavad gadafarebul xeebisa da buCqebis totebs, gad-moiRebs did Tofs da gaisvris. ufro metic, vaJasTan nukri xedavs, rogor gamousvams mon-adire alesil danas dedamiss kiserSi, rogor waskdeba mas sisxli, Semdeg gamofatravs, zurgze moigdebs da gauCinardeba. speqtaklSi ki monadire Tavs mohkveTs Svels da gaxarebu-li, veluri yiJiniT moWril Tavs maRla aswevs - SemxedeT, ra gmiroba Cavidineo. erTob, sas-tiki da daundobeli gamouvida reJisors fi-nali. scenaze qarbuqi Tovlis namqers atri-alebs, sasowarkveTili nukri vaJas moTxrobis prologis teqstis warmoTqmas iwyebs „pawawa var oboli, bedma damibriyva, cud dros dav-obldi“... jer Cumad, TiTqmis CurCuliT, mere xmas umatebs da bolos ganwiruli xavili is-mis - deda! deda! deda!!! scena bneldeba da gasrolis xma gaismis... reJisorma speqtaklis musikaluri rigi qarTul xalxur melodiebze aago, romelic ritms uqmnis mTel speqtakls. finalSi ki reJisorma mxiaruli musikis da tragikuli ambis disonansi SemogvTavaza, rac kidev ufro amZafrebs isedac gulaCuyebuli da aqviTinebuli mayureblis emociur aRqmas.

wardgenilia premiazemoskovSi gamomcemloba «Гамма пресс»-ma beWdviTi sityvisa da

masobrivi komunikaciebis federaluri saagentos mxardaWer-iT federaluri miznobrivi programis farglebSi `ruseTis kultura (2012-2018) wlebSi~ gamosca `Дали Мумладзе - Роберт Стуруа~.

wigni wardgenilia baxruSCinis saxelobis Teatris saxelmwi-fo muzeumis egidiT mimdinare konkursze nominaciaSi `Teat-raluri romani~.


#5 2015

`gaqvavebuli~

Semodgomis Tbilisis aqtiuri safestiva-lo cxovreba meSvide welia Tbilisis saerTa-Soriso Teatraluri festivaliT iwyeba. iwye-ba maRalmxatvruli warmodgenebiT, msoflio donis varskvlavebiT, gaxmaurebuli, zogjer skandaluri dadgmebiTac. iwyeba molodiniT, rom erTi mxriv, aucileblad vnaxavT msof-lioSi mimdinare uaxles Teatralur mov-lenebs da meore mxriv, Tavad qarTuli Teatri gaxdeba msoflio saTeatro procesis monaw-ile...

meSvide saerTaSoriso Teatraluri fes-tivalis saerTaSoriso programasa da pro-gramaSi „niu“ Tormeti speqtakli iyo war-modgenili. aqedan sami musikaluri speqtakli gaxldaT, sami sacekvao warmodgena da eqvsi dramatuli Teatris speqtakli.

saerTaSoriso programa ierusalimis Teatr „inkubatoris“ miuzikliT gaixsna. „qalaqi“- ase hqvia rep operas, sadac uxvadaa hip-hopis elementebic ki. miuzikli inglisur enaze iyo warmodgenili da erTgvarad amerikuli dete-qtivis parodias warmoadgenda. speqtaklis re-Jisori, wamyvani da kompozitori omer moria. warmodgenaSi, romelic 70 wuTi grZeldeboda, namdvilad iyo uwyveti qmedebis jaWvi, romel-ic mTel speqtakls swrafi tempo-ritmiT uaR-resad xalisian da iumoriT savse sanaxaobad aqcevda. unda aRiniSnos yvela Semsruleblis maRali profesionalizmi - rogorc maTi sam-saxiobo ostatoba, aseve vokaluri monacemebi da plastika. festivalis pirveli dRe sakmaod uCveulo da Zalze saintereso formisa da koncefciis miuzikliT daiwyo. unda aRiniS-nos, rom auditoria sruliad adekvaturad

aRiqvamda inglisurenovan iumors, misTvis uCveulo formis sanaxaobas, ramac festiva-lis warmatebuli dasawyisi ganapiroba.

programa „nius“ musikaluri warmodgena: poloneTis Teatr „qoreas“ mier naCvenebi uZvelesi eposi „gilgameSi“, Cvenamde moR-weuli pirveli literaturuli nawarmoebi. Zveli welTaRricxvis XXIII-XXI saukunis Txzuleba da Tanamedrove samyaro... speq-taklis win kidev erTxel gadavxede teqsts /unda aRiniSnos, rom qarTulad Targmnamde „gilgameSi~ mxolod 3 evropul enaze iyo na-Targmni, mixako wereTelma Txzuleba orig-inalidan Targmna (1924 wels)/ da emocia, romelic kidev erTxel dameufla, iseTive iyo rogorc zogadad Sedevrebis kiTxvisas gveufleba - teqsts mivejaWve. poliTeis-turi siuJetebi ormagad sainteresoa: ada-mianebi urTierTobaSi Sedian sxvadasxva rangis RmerTebTan Tu urCxulebTan da per-sonaJebis urTierTobaTa sistema mistikuri samyaros modelad gardaiqmneba. „gilgame-Si“ swored amgvari modelia, sadac ukvdave-bisa da WeSmariti Rirebulebebis ZiebaSi damaSvrali gmiri dasaxul mizans ver aRwevs da ukvdavi da maradiuli ki Tavad misi am-bavi xdeba. qarTuli suliereba maradiulo-bisken swrafviT yovelTvis gamoirCeoda da „gilgameSisadmi“ didi interesic sruliad bunebrivia.

SarSandel festivalze polonurma dasma „mefe liri“ warmoadgina - uCveulo musika-lur-plastikuri sanaxaoba, romelsac qarTveli mayureblis didi mowoneba xvda. loZis Teatr „qoreas“ warmodgena SarSand-

maradiulisa da Tanamedroveobis sinTezi Tbilisis saerTaSoriso

Teatralur festivalzelela wifuria

#5 2015


eli speqtaklis msgavsi iyo - postmodernis-tuli warmodgena, romelic gundis, jazisa da simebiani kvartetis meSveobiT, sakoncerto SesrulebiT musikis saSualebiT gadmogvcems maradiul istorias. simRerebs or enaze as-rulebdnen - aqadurze da polonurze. Sav grZel qvedaboloebsa da maisurebSi mosili momRerlebi uaRresad sada formiT gad-mogvcemen gilgameSis ambavs. uzado musikalu-ri teqnikiT Sesrulebul warmodgenaSi momR-erlebic da mayureblebic TiTqos mistikuri ritualis monawileni gaxdnen.

„maria didi qalaqidan“ - sakoncerto-Te-atraluri warmodgena, romelic ana maria langis da Barfoot Musicians Productionis dadgmaa. speqtakli astoras piacolas tan-gos motivebzea Seqmnili da aerTianebs mis simRerebsa da operas. koWli meZavis istoria buenos airesSi, did da damTrgunav qalaqSi, sadac SesaZloa swored tangoa yvelaze Rirebuli movlena. tangos melodiebi ismis yvelgan - quCaSi, saxlSi, bazarSi. kvinteti „fexSiSvela musikosebi“ marTlac uzadod asrulebs am melodiebs. ana maria langis Se-qmnili saxec Zalze saintereso iyo. kargi vokaluri monacemebis da plastikis wyalo-biT msaxiobi musikosebTan erTad srulad warmoaCens tangos, rogorc melodiis, aseve cekvis mSvenierebas. da rac yvelaze mniSvnelovnad meCvena ana maria langis Ses-rulebaSi, iyo is garemoeba, rom msaxiobma personaJis araCveulebrivi fsiqologiuri portreti Seqmna...

Tanamedrove saTeatro xelovnebaSi sacekvao warmodgenebs gansakuTrebuli ad-gili uWiravT. zogadad qoreografia yov-elTvis yvelasTvis gasagebi universaluri ena iyo, aris da iqneba. rac Seexeba Taname-drove cekvas, xSir SemTxvevaSi mas cekva mx-olod pirobiTad SeiZleba vuwodoT. umete-sad es plastikuri qmedebis jaWvia, romelic sxeulis meSveobiT gadmoscems gaTamaSebul ambavs Tu personaJTa Sinagan mdgomareobas.

germaniis qalaq regensburgSi, qarTvelma xelovanebma Tea da giorgi sosaniSvilebma cekvis Teatri „sosani“ daaarses. Tea sosani pantomimis TeatrSi moRvaweobda da amiran SalikaSvilis skola aqvs gavlili. amJamad cekvis Teatris yvela mocekvaves gavlili aqvs „sosani“ artzonasTan arsebuli cekvisa da xelovnebis orwliani skola. xuT msax-iobs, romlebic scenaze speqtakls warmoad-gendnen, namdvilad hqondaT imgvari plas-tika da moZraobebi, romelic gamoarCevda maT nebismieri sacekvao dasisgan. da rac yvelaze mniSvnelovnad meCveneba: „gaqvave-buli“ ar iyo mxolod plastikuri qmedebeb-is jaWvi, es marTlac Rrma da damafiqrebeli

warmodgena iyo. ambavi sami gauTxovari qa-lis Sesaxeb mogviTxrobs. mogviTxrobs maTi imedgacruebebis, siyvarulis deficitis, erTmaneTTan konkurenciis Sesaxeb . scenis ukana kedelze periodulad Cndeba debis bavSvobis amsaxveli videoinstalacia. es kadrebi, TavisTavad mSvenieri, mainc mSfoT-varebis momtania - erTgvari fsiqoanalizi, romelic debis uiRblo cxovrebis mizezebs ikvlevs TiTqos... Tbiliseli mayureblis winaSe warmatebuli qarTveli qoreografe-bis skola da warmodgena wardga. Cemi emocia erTniSnadia - siamaye meufleba, mkiTxvelic albaT, dagveTanxmeba.

norvegiuli dasis `ari oaas~ mier war-modgenili „sasowarkveTilebis zRvarze“ mamakacur istoriebs mogviTxrobs Taname-drove cekvis formiT. cekva aqac mraval sxva elements Seicavs, maT Soris akroba-tikasac. reJisor kari hoasis mizani mis si-tyvebSicaa gacxadebuli: „es sacekvao speq-takli cdilobs aCvenos ra aris mamakacuri siZliere, simamace da guladoba. speqtaklSi naCvenebia Zaladoba da sisuste, Zalaufle-ba da uZlureba, zogadad ki - mamakacuri buneba.

`am cekviT Sevecade meCvenebina koleq-tiurobisa da TanamSromlobis idea, urTi-erToba, sadac ritualebi, orTabrZola da konkurencia did rols TamaSobs. mindoda gamego sad gadis bundovani zRvari mego-brobasa da dapirispirebas Soris, Zmobasa da mtrobas Soris , koleqtivsa da calkeul pirovnebas Soris“. aqve davZendi, rom is, rac kaxa bakuraZis moZraobis TeatrSi vixileT, namdvilad iyo Teatri, romelic moZraobiT iqmneba da msaxiobebis SesaniSnavi plastiki-sa da qmedebis meSveobiT gaiazrebs mamakacis funqciasa da rols Tanamedrove samyaroSi.

aqram hanis kompania didi britaneTidan yvelaze cnobili sacekvao dasi iyo wlevan-del festivalze. Tavad aqram qani Taname-droveobis erT-erTi gamoCenili da aRiare-buli mocekvavea da Tanamedrove msoflios qoreografiis novatorad iTvleba. misi Tanamedroveobis erT-erT gavlenian da cnobil moqandakesTan da speqtaklis sce-nografiis avtorTan, aniS kapurTan Tanam-Sromlobis Sedegia kompozitor niTin savh-nis musikaze Seqmnili sanaxaoba. es sanaxaoba cekvis cnebis tradiciul aRqmasTan ufro axlosaa, vidre festivalze warmodgenili wina ori speqtakli. periodulad cekvebi mxolod kakunis xmaze, an sulac sruliad uxmodac midioda. warmodgenaSi gacocxle-buli qandakebebis sinqronuli moZraobebis vizualuri xatis SeqmniT namdvilad emo-ciuri saxilveli Seiqmna.


#5 2015

Tbilisis saerTaSoriso Teatraluri festivalis sacekvao warmodgenebma, erTi mxriv, marTlac esTetikuri siamovneba mi-aniWa auditorias, da meore mxriv, mayure-beli Tanamedrove msoflio qoreografiaSi mimdinare procesebis TviTmxilveli gaxada.

Tbilisis saerTaSoriso Teatraluri festivalis saerTaSoriso programasa da programaSi „niu“ eqvsi dramatuli Teatris speqtakli iyo warmodgenili: oTxi drama, erTi tragikomedia da msoflios yvelaze srulyofili tragedia „hamleti“, Tanac Se-qspiris Teatr „globusis“ dadgma... samwux-arod, am ukanasknelis naxva da Sefaseba ver SevZeli, vinaidan is „eqim stokmans“ emTx-veoda. visurvebdi samomavlod amgvari damTxvevebis ararsebobas...

„dramebis sezoni“ moskovis dramis Te-atr „sferos“ warmodgeniT gaixsna: „mamis gareSe“, ase erqva anton Cexovis adreuli piesis, „platonovis“ mixedviT dadgmul warmodgenas. es piesa arcTu xSirad idgmeba da misi interpretaciebic ar aris mraval-gvari. pirveli, rac „platonovTan“ mima-rTebaSi gvaxsendeba, nikita mixalkovis Ses-aniSnavi filmia - „patara piesa meqanikuri pianinosaTvis“. samwuxarod, am filmis didi gavlena igrZnoboda reJisor vladimer smirnovis dadgmaSi. speqtaklis persona-Jebi filmis personaJebis msgavsad mudmivad TiTqos wreze dadian erTmaneTis devnaSi. xasiaTebic filmis gmirebis msgavsia... Sesa-Zloa es gavlena arc iyos gasakviri: „mamis

gareSe“ reJisoris sadebiuto namuSevaria. speqtaklSi mniSvnelovnad aris Semcire-buli Cexoviseuli teqsti da personaJTa raodenoba. sainteresod meCveneba SuSis qilebiT savse sardafSi personaJebis „Casax-leba“ (mxatvari dimitri razumovi). suli-eri sicarielis da usiyvarulobis gancdas miyavs speqtaklis TiTqmis yvela personaJi im garemoebamde, rom Sublze pistolets ideben, Tumca, es qmedebac ufro persona-Jebis garkveulwilad pozadac aRiqmeba da ara realurad TviTmkvlelobis survilad...

Caketili samyaros ganmeorebadobis Tema uaRresad sainteresod iqna gaazrebuli selma dimitreviCis speqtaklSi „RmerTebi daecnen, vinRa dagvicavs“. reJisori piesis avtoradac gvevlineba. speqtakli vasil yuSitaSvilis saxelobis sarepeticio dar-bazSi iyo warmodgenili da sul ormocdaaT wuTs grZeldeboda. marTlac, Zalian Zne-lia esoden mcire sivrceSi da esoden axlos mayurebelTan warmodgenis gamarTva - sul mciredi siyalbec ki ar darCeba SeumCn-eveli. miT ufro Znelia, rodesac dedis da qaliSvilis rolebs mamakacebi TamaSoben da kidev ufro metad rTulia oTxjer gaiTama-So erTi da igive teqsti, Tundac sxvadasxva aqcentebiT... is, riTac selma dimitreviCis warmodgenam moxibla mayurebeli, efuZne-boda WeSmarit adamianur Rirebulebebs da uaRresad marTali da siRrmiseuli aqti-oruli SesrulebiT iyo warmosaxuli.

oskaras korSunovasi im reJisorTa ricxvs

`qariSxali~

#5 2015


miekuTvneba, romlis yoveli namuSevari uciloblad iwvevs rogorc mayureblis, aseve specialistebis interess. reJisoris Semoqmedebas misi adreuli wlebidan ic-nobs Tbiliseli mayurebeli. meoce sauku-nis oTxmocian wlebSi TbilisSi sakavSiro axalgazrduli Teatraluri festivali ima-rTeboda, sadac sabWoTa respublikebis da maT Soris litvis saTeatro warmodgenebs Soris udavod gamoirCeoda oskaras kor-Sunovasis dadgmuli Cexovis „Zia vania“. re-Jisoris SemoqmedebaSi ramdenime aspeqti iqcevs yuradRebas: misi interpretaciebi yovelTvis originaluri da siRrmiseulia. amavdroulad, reJisori yovelTvis Zalian sainteresod da Rrmad xsnis personaJebis bunebas da speqtaklSi amas konkretuli sam-saxiobo davalebebiT warmosaxavs da yov-elTvis qmnis warmodgenis imgvar vizualur formas, romelic erTnairad sainteresoa mayureblisa Tu specialistebisaTvis. amde-nad sxvadasxva wlebis Tbilisis saerTaSo-riso Teatraluri festivalis programaSi oskaras korSunovasis Semoqmedebis war-modgena festivalze warmoCena uTuod mis-asalmebelia.

ar vici rogoria maqsim gorkis piesis re-itingi (axla xom yvelafers amiT afaseben). piradad CemTvis „fskerze“ msoflio drama-turgiis erT-erTi saukeTeso nimuSia. unda aRiniSnos, rom qarTul TeatrSi es piesa araerTgzis ganxorcielda da maT Soris saukeTeso gogi qavTaraZis mier soxumis Te-atrSi dadgmuli speqtakli da daviT doiaS-vilis SarSandeli premiera iyo. musikaluri komediis da dramis Teatris speqtaklma, marTlac, didi STabeWdileba moaxdina da korSunovasis dadgmisadmi interesi uTuod gaamZafra.

„speqtakli „fskerze“ aris is laborato-ria, sadac cdebs sakuTar Tavze vatarebT... „fskerze“ is speqtaklia, romelSic ar varT orientirebuli Sedegze, aramed vcdilobT aRmovaCinoT sakuTari Tavi. msaxiobebma ara mxolod gmiri unda ganasaxieron, aramed unda SeinarCunon realoba da darCnen iseTe-bad, rogorebic realur cxovrebaSi arian. maqsim gorkis teqsti maSin aris Sesabamisi, rodesac msaxiobi piesis gmirs sakuTar ni-adagSi Canergavs da sakuTar gamocdilebaze daafuZnebs. swored, es aris am laboratori-is mizani. msaxiobis pirovneba unda Seerwyas im gmiris xasiaTs, romelsac ganasaxierebs da Seqmnas axali personaJi.“ es oskaras kor-Sunovasis sityvebia, romelic safestivalo katalogSi daibeWda. Cemi azriT, speqtak-li zedmiwevniT pasuxobs reJisoris mier dasaxul amocanas. speqtakli marjaniSvilis

Teatris scenaze gaimarTa. mayurebels faq-tobrivad msaxiobebisgan araviTari manZili ar aSorebda da speqtaklis msvlelobisas gaCnda gancda, rom yvelani Cven „fskeris“ personaJebi viyaviT. amas interaqciis waru-matebeli mcdelobac daemata... warmodge-naSi gaTamaSebulia piesis meoTxe aqti, isic mniSvnelovani kupiurebiT. moqmedeba xdeba sawyobSi, sadac uamravi carieli yuTi Tu boTlia. am garemoSi saxloben marginal-ebi, romlebic erT sibrtyeze ganlagebuli grZel magidasTan leonardos saidumlo se-robis personaJebiviT arian ganlagebulni. da TiToeuli personaJi, romelic aris da arc aris gorkiseuli, Rrmad da sainter-esod aris Seqmnili. umizno da uSinaarso yofa, sayovelTao smis gamanadgurebeli atmosfero, uaRresad damTrgunveli da tragikuli... da aseve pesimisturi finali: gorkis personaJebisgan gansxvavebiT kor-Sunovasis personaJebi ar toveben sardafs da mzis sinaTleze ar amodian, isini TiTqos samudamod arian mijaWvulni TavianT usa-soo yofas.

festivalis saerTaSoriso programaSi tradiciulad mxolod maRali rangis war-modgenebi imkvidreben adgils. magram yo-velTvis aris xolme molodini romelime gansakuTrebiT gaxmaurebuli dadgmis, msoflioSi aRiarebuli xelovanis... wlevan-del festivalze amgvari molodini uiliam Seqspiris „qariSxlis“ silvio purkaretes dadgmis mimarT iyo. msoflioSi saxelganTq-muli rumineli reJisoris speqtaklebi ori wlis win pirvelad ixila Tbiliselma may-urebelma. maSin ori dadgma iyo warmodge-nili: samuel beketis „godos molodini“ da jonaTan sviftis „guliveris mogzauroba“. swored es ukanaskneli iyo sruliad Sokis-momgvreli, tragizmiT savse da ulamazesi warmodgena, romelmac qarTveli Teat-ralebi didi rumineli reJisoris Tayvanis-mcemlebad aqcia.

silvio purkaretesgan aravin eloda im-gvar dadgmas, sadac standartuli xedva an gadawyveta iqneboda warmodgenili. re-Jisorsve ekuTvnis Seqspiris piesis adap-tacia. is, rac scenaze vixileT, iyo an-tiSeqspiric da uaRresad Seqspiriseulic erTdroulad. saxelganTqmul kraiovas marin soreskus erovnul TeatrSi ganxor-cielebuli Seqspiris erT-erTi bolo piesa tragikomediis Janrs ganekuTvneba. Tumca, unda iTqvas, rom speqtaklSi komikuri Zalze cota iyo. samyaro, romelic mxatvarma da ko-stiumebis avtorma dragoS buhagiarma Seqm-na, erTdroulad gvagonebda gemis triumsac da muq nacrisfer-moyavisfro tonebSi war-


#5 2015

mosaxul mojadoebul samyarosac warmoad-genda. dekoracias asrulebda oTxkuTxedi filebiT Seqmnili triumis Weri, romelic sivrcis daxuTulobis asociacias badebda, saidanac gamosavlis moZebna erTob rTuli iyo. dekoraciis erT-erTi umniSvnelovane-si detali - ukuRma damagrebuli WaRi av-torebis koncefcias TvalsaCinos xdida - am samyaroSi yvelaferi Tavdayira moxdeboda. ragoS buhagiaris scenografia barokalur ferweras gvagonebda scenaze: mZime, ux-eSi formebiT da masiuri mravalfiguri-ani kompoziciebiT. speqtaklis vizualuri gadawyvetisas umTavresi reJisorisa da mx-atvris mier qariSxlis gaTamaSebaa - qariSx-lis, romelic Seqspiris piesis saTauria da romlis meSveobiTac xdeba yvelaferi. warmodgenaSi periodulad scenis siRrmeSi ganTavsebuli karebidan haeris Zlieri naka-di iWreboda. nakads Tan moyveboda uamravi qaRaldi da mtveri. qariSxlis nakadi aTa-maSebda scenis sivrceSi prosperos wignebs - igi xom swored am jadosnuri wignebis wyalobiT gaxda grZneuli. qaRaldis faq-tura dominirebda personaJebis kostiume-bis gadawyvetaSic. qariSxali, wignebi da furclebi - am sam elementze igeboda upi-ratesad warmodgenis vizualuri efeqtebi. qaRaldis faqturis iyo warmodgenaSi ko-stiumebis nawili, upirveles yovlisa, mi-randas kaba. speqtaklis finalSi qaRaldis grovebis frena yovliswamlekaobis metafo-rad aRiqmeboda. metafora, romelic scenaze qaRaldis faqturiT iqmneboda codnisa da gonebismieris grZneulobaSi gardatexis Se-degebzec migvaniSnebda.

speqtaklSi ZiriTadi antiSeqspiruli svla mSvenieri mirandasa da veluri kani-balis simbiozia erT sxeulSi; Zalze saka-maTo gadawyveta, romelmac araerTgvar-ovani mosazrebebi gamoiwvia mayurebelSic da specialistebSic. am fonze princ ferdi-nandis rolis Sesruleba qalis mier arcTu ise gasakvirad gveCveneba. purkareteseul gadawyvetaSi komikuri faqtobrivad aRar-aferia - warmodgena uaRresad muqi ferebiT xatavs mojadoebul zRaprul samyaros. da mainc, speqtaklSi aris is, rac warmodgenas namdvil Seqspirul dadgmad warmogvidgens da mas xelovnebis maRal nimuSad aqcevs - es Seqspiruli vnebebis udidesi ZaliT da damajereblobiT warmosaxvaa. namdvili Seqspiruli vnebaTaRelva reJisoris da mx-atvris esTetikur xedvasTan SefardebiT msoflio Teatris Rirseul nimuSad aqcevs purkaretes „qariSxals“.

wlevandel festivalze Teatralebi kidev erT gaxmaurebul speqtakls elodnen: henrik

ibsenis „xalxis mteri“ , reJisor tomas oster-maieris mier dadgmuli. amTaviTve unda iTqvas, rom am speqtaklis mimarT specialistebis da-mokidebuleba erTniSnad uaRresad dadebiTi recenziebiT gamoixata purkaretes „qariSx-lisgan“ gansxvavebiT. tomas ostermaieri berlinis Teatrs Schaubühne 1999 wlidan xelmZRvanelobs. „Teatri mudam Tanamedrove eqsperimentuli Teatris formebis ZebnaSia da yuradRebas amaxvilebs Txrobasa da teqstis (rogorc Tanamedrove, aseve klasikuris) zed-miwevniT aRqmaze, rac piesis Sekvris elemen-tia. repertuari moicavs rogorc msoflio klasikas, aseve sayovelTaod cnobili Tan-amedrove avtorebis piesebs.“ amgvar infor-macias gvawvdis Teatris Sesaxeb safestivalo katalogi. Tavad ostermaieris Semoqmedeba, upirveles yovlisa, uaRresad aqtiuri mo-qalaqeobrivi poziciiT da am poziciis mud-mivad aqtualuri, mwvave da cota skandaluri transformaciiTac gamoirCeva. speqtaklis Semdeg gamarTul pres-konferenciaze re-Jisori qarTuli sazogadoebriobis winaSe wardga rogorc ara mxolod xelovani, aramed rogorc aqtiuri sazogado moRvawe, romlis Semoqmedebac namdvilad aRelvebs mayurebel-Ta sulebs. interaqciac am speqtaklis auci-lebeli da ganuyofeli nawilia da Tbilisu-ri interaqcia marTla yovelgvari siyalbis gareSe da vityodi, didi warmatebiTac warima-rTa CvenTan da aseve warmatebulia sxva qvey-nebSic. unda aRiniSnos, rom interaqciis idea stokmanis rolis Semsrulebels kristof gavendas ekuTvnis. moskovSi interaqciis dros orasi kaci avida scenaze, buenos aires-Si warmodgenaze samTavrobo donis skandali moxda... rogorc irkveva, mTels msoflioSi identuri problemebi trialebs, problemebi, romelic 1882 wels norvegiis sazogadoebas aforiaqebda da dResac aSfoTebs civilize-bul samyaros. amTaviTve unda iTqvas, rom piesis maradiuli aqtualobis mizezi ar aris mxolod ekologiuri problemebis simwvave Tanamedrove samyaroSi, miuxedavad imisa, rom „xalxis mteri“ , ibsenis yvelaze „socialuri“ piesaa. iseve rogorc yvela WeSmariti Rire-bulebebis Semcvel mxatvrul nawarmoebSic, am piesaSic zneobrivi problema da moralis aspeqtSi gadatanili konfliqtia warmmarTve-li. ras niSnavs xalxis mtroba? sayovelTao sicruisa da Sedegad danaSaulebrivi qmedebis Secnobas da mxilebas Tu materialur keTil-dReobaze zrunvas da amis gamo adamianebis sicocxlis safrTxeSi Cagdebas? vin aris mar-Tali sazogadoebis da individis dapirispire-baSi? da bolos ra arCevans gaakeTebs Tavad stokmani, ganagrZobs brZolas Tu reJisoris SeTxzuli simamris naCuqari dabinZurebuli

#5 2015


kurortis aqciebiT sazogadoebis im nawils SeuerTdeba, romelic mogebas moralze maRla ayenebs? reJisori am kiTxvas upasuxod tovebs - tovebs stokmansa da mis cols mayureblis pirispir, yofiT viTarebaSi, ubralod taxtze damsxdarT.

diax, tomas ostermaieris speqtakli uaR-resad aqtualuri da vityodi, samoqalaqo aqtivobis sinTeziT Seqmnili warmodgenaa. magram, dameTanxmebiT, mxolod pozicia ver gaxdis verc erT speqtakls warmatebuls, es mxolod dadgmis mxatvruli xarisxiT miiR-weva. reJisori ibsenis dramaturgiis mimarT SesaSur erTgulebas avlens - dadgmuli aqvs „heda gableri“, `nora“. tomas ostermaieris mier ibsenis samyaros gaazreba uaRresad siR-rmiseulia. Tumca gaWirdeba avtoris erT-gulebis Sefaseba im uamravi cvlilebis gamo, romelic reJisors Setanili aqvs siuJetSi Tu personaJebis urTierTobebis sqemaSi. werilis formatis gamo am cvlilebaTa dawvrilebiT SedarebiT analizs Tavs avarideb. da rac yvelaze mniSvnelovania, reJisori ibsenis sx-vadasxva piesas da mis personaJebs warmosaxavs erTi mTliani Tanamedrove samyaros nawilad. ostermaieris dadgmuli ibsenis yvela piesa erT dekoraciaSi TamaSdeba - scenograf ian papelbaumis mier Seqmnili ibsenis samyaros Tanamedrove modelSi. es modeli TavisTa-

vad uaRresad originaluria - Sav kedlebze carciT aris mixatuli sxvadasxva yofiTi nivTebi Tu ama Tu im adgilmdebareobis da kuTvnilebis aRmniSvneli abrebi. es martivi xerxi imTaviTve uSualo damokidebulebas aCens Tanamedrove stokmanis sacxovrisis mimarT. kristof gavendas stokmani uaRre-sad Tanamedrove axalgazrda kacia, romelic vokalur-instrumentul ansamblSi ukravs da mSvenivrad erToba megobrebTan erTad... speqtaklSi bevri iumoria, aris maRali saSem-sruleblo samsaxiobo done. da rac mTavaria, aris maRali rangis da uaRresad mniSvnelova-ni saTqmelis imgvari transformacia, rogor-ic didi norvegieli mweralis nawarmoebis ukvdavebaSi kidev erTxel gvarwmunebs.

amgvari iyo Tbilisis saerTaSoriso Tea-traluri festivalis wlevandeli saerTa-Soriso programa da programa „niu“. miuz-ikliT dawyebuli da SesaniSnavi sacekvao warmodgenebiT gajerebuli programa faq-tobrivad samoqalaqo aqtis ekvivalentad aRiarebuli maRalmxatvruli dadgmiT das-rulda. da rac mTavaria, festivalze am pro-gramebSi naCvenebi yvela speqtaklebi, rogorc yovelTvis, festivalis devizis Sesabamisad iyo ganxorcielebuli - realobis natifi grZnobiT.

`kaaSi~


#5 2015

naxevar saukuneze meti xnis winaT, 1958 wels, Tbilisis daarsebis 1500 wlisTavTan dakavSirebiT gazeT `literaturul saqa-rTveloSi~ gamovaqveyne werili `isini icavd-nen Tbiliss~. statia exeboda krwanisSi aRa-mahmad xanis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi qarTuli Teatris msaxiobTa gmirobas.

werilis gamoqveynebidan ori dRis Semdeg Teatraluri sazogadoebidan damirekes, Sal-va dadiani gibarebso. mivedi. rogorc ki oTax-Si Sevedi, magididan wamodga batoni Salva da Semegeba, xeli momxvia, damsva.. didad Semaqo Cemi statiis gamo. Tqveni werili patriotuli saqmea, radgan qarTuli Teatris moRvaweTa gmirobaze werTo.

Zalian gamexarda didi moRvawisa da mwer-lis Seqeba. muSaobis stimuli momeca.

ar masvenebda fiqri msaxiobTa gmirobaze. did poets lado asaTians naxsenebi hyavs kr-wanisis gmiri msaxiobi `...maCabeli rom mRe-roda ficxel omSi~...

1980 wlis noemberSi `literaturul saqarTveloSi~ gamovaqveyne patara `werili redaqtors~, sadac vwerdi: `didebis Rirsni~. sakiTxi exeboda krwanisTan aRa-mahmad xanis winaaRmdeg daRupul msaxiobTa xsovnisTvis memorialis gakeTebas: `Cveni winaprebi par-akliss uxdidnen xolme gmirulad daRupul msaxiobebs. Taobidan TaobebSi legendasaviT gadadioda qarTvel msaxiobTa didi vaJkaco-bis ambavi. msoflio Teatris istoriaSi bevri ar aris msgavsi gmirobis magaliTebi~.

gavida wlebi da Teatraluri sazogadoe-bis, kerZod ki sandro mrevliSvilis inicia-tiviT krwanisSi gakeTda gmirTa pativsacemi memoriali.

Teatris istoria Tavisi bunebiT miTosu-ria. msaxiobis xelovneba erTaderTi cocx-

miTebSi gadasuli Teatris 220 weli

vasil kiknaZe

ali xelovnebaa, romelic misi Semqmnelis sikvdilTan erTad kvdeba. Semdeg iwyeba kvle-va-Zieba ra rogor iyo. am process frangi mkv-levari goSi SeTxzvis periods uwodebs, rac arsebiTad miTosuri movlenaa. Tanamedrove teqnikuri saSualebebiT fiqsacia didi saqmea, magram cocxali xelovnebis firze gadatanis dros mainc ikargeba iseTi `raRac~, romelic mayureblis Tvalwin, mayureblis Tanamonaw-ileobiT ibadeba. mas zust saxelsac ki ver mouZebniT.

TiTqmis warmoudgenelia sasceno xelovneb-is pirvelqmnili saxiT gacocxleba. miuxeda-vad amisa, n. uruSaZem, romelic kargad icnobda msaxiobis Semoqmedebas, saintereso wigni daw-era `msaxiobis xelovneba~. TeatrmcodneobaSi arsebobs sxvadasxva formebi, raTa realuri warmodgena Seiqmnas Teatris istoriaze. Tumca es sxva problemaa.

davubrundeT Temas. rogorc cnobilia, erekle meore ganaTlebuli da farTo inter-esebis moRvawe iyo. misi karis Teatris Sesaxeb bevri ram daikarga aRa-mahmad xanis Semosevis dros, magram cnobilia, rom gabriel maiori iyo misi karis Teatris xelmZRvaneli. gabri-els `komediebis gammarTvels~ uwodebdnen, magram zustad ar viciT ra komediebi idgme-boda. cnobilia, rom fasian bileTebs hyidda. istorias SemorCa bileTi warweriT: `Sauri ori, gabriel maiori~.

gabrieli kargi artileristi yofila. saamiso ganaTleba mouRia ruseTSi, saidanac igi maioris CiniT dabrunebula. roca aRa-mahmad xani saqarTvelos asaklebad wamovida. am brZolaSi monawileobda gabriel maior-ic, mTeli Tavisi dasiT. ioane batoniSvilis TqmiT, `gabrielma kargad icoda artileria da ase ZmiTurT TvisiT mefisa iraklisa daix-

#5 2015


Teatris istoria Zalian specifikuria, TiTqos qarTuli zRaprebis dasawyiss hgavs: iyo da ara iyo ra - iyo erTi msaxiobi...

gardaicvala msaxiobi, mokvda misi qmnile-ba, aseve misi mayurebeli Taoba, yvelaferi saTeatro miTebad iqca...

miTiviT SemorCa Cems xsovnas, rac am 40-50 Tu samoci wlis winaT vnaxe. maxsovs, ra am-bavi atyda, roca arCil CxartiSvilma mixeil mrevliSvilis `xarataanT kera~ dadga 1949-50 wlis sezonSi (mxatv. i. sumbaTaSvili, komp. arC. kereseliZe). maSin me pirveli kursis studen-ti viyavi.

àr daviwyeba moyvrisa~...raze kamaTobdnen?jariskacis qvrivs sxva kacis mimarT ar unda

gasCenoda siyvarulis grZnoba...rogor Seicvala zneobrivi kriteriumebi!...didi iyo ilia WavWaWavaZis òTaraanT

qvrivis~ tradiciis inercia. xalxi advilad ver egueboda tradiciebis moSlas. dro ki yve-lafers cvlis. `xarataanT keris~ dadgmidan gavida erT aTwleulze cota meti da rusTav-elis TeatrSi daidga otia ioselianis piesa àdamiani ibadeba erTxel~ (25.XI.62.), sadac frontze daRupuli jariskacis mama, sergo zaqariaZis gmiri, ZaliT aTxovebs sarZlos,

ocnen aRa-mahmad xanisa brZolasa Sina~.z. WiWinaZis cnobiT, gabrieli `mxurvale

monawileobas iRebda 1795 wlis omSi. gacxare-buli omis dros igi xalxs amxnevebda.. pirisp-ir iqmna mterTagan mokluli da mere naWer-naWer akuwuli~.

gmirulad daiRupa krwanisis velze gabri-el maiori.

krwanisis brZolis istoriaSi gamorCeuli mniSvneloba aqvs Teimuraz batoniSvilis cno-bas. igi wers: `mcxovrebTagan TbilisisaTa gamorCeul iqnes kacni mamacni da marjveni, romelTaca aRmoaCines winamZRvrad Tavisad kaci vinme msaxiobi, romelsa sazandrad ux-mobdnen. es iyo erTi warCinebulTa mesakrave-Ta da msaxiobTagan mefisaTa, musiki da kome-dianti da es iyo ufrosi msaxiobTa da cnobil iyo samefosa saxlsa Sina. es iyo gvareulo-biTa da sarwmunoebiTac qarTveli, romelsac saxels sdebdnen maCabelad. es miuZRva gundsa mas TbiliselTasa mterTa mimarT da epyra xelTa barbiTi. e.i. daira da ukravda mas zeda Sadiansa, e.i. xmasa mas, romelsac lxinsa Sina daukraven Jamsa Sina sixarulisasa, vinaidan xmai ese ganamxiarulebs msmenelTa.

xolo mebrZolni ese iyvnen mkvircxlni da mimarTes qveiTTa amaT da brZodes mterTa fircxelad da SeuerTda gundica ese gundsa mas fSav-xevsurTa, aragvelTa da qiziyelTa-sa da hyves maT ataka mterTa mimarT da mii-wivnes vidreve droSebamde aRa-mahmad xanisa da mostacnes droSani raodenime mxedrobaTa aRa-mahmad xanisaTa da mravalni sparsTagani moswyvites winaSe missa.

ixila ra aRa-mahmad xanma simxne ese viTari qarTvelTa mxedrobisa, gankvirda friad da ityoda: `siymeTagan CemiTY, vidre aqomamde damiyofies brZolasa Sina da arsada mixilavs

me winaaRmdegni viTar ese kacni CemTa momarT hyofdnen brZolasa~. maCabelis gundi See-wira msxverplad sayvarelsa mamulsa Tvissa..saxelovnad dasTxivnes sisxlni Tvisni~.

aq gacocxlebulia didi bataluri suraTi, amaRelveblad aris moTxrobili qarTveli msaxiobis gmiruli Tavgadasavali. maRali pa-triotuli Segneba, romelic maCabelma gamo-amJRavna, warmoadgens qarTveli msaxiobis niSandobliv Tvisebas.

krwanisis tragedia qarTuli Teatris tragediac iyo. daiwva samefo kari, ganad-gurda misi Teatri, magram mterma ver mokla qarTveli kacis suli, aseve ver amoZirkva Cveni Teatri. sul male TbilisSi isev daiwyo saTeatro moZraoba. istoriuli xsovna xalx-Si yovelTvis cocxlobs sxvadasxva formiT. garkveul istoriul pirobebSi yovelTvis iR-viZebs mebrZoli suli.

ase iyo qarTul TeatrSic. meore msoflio omis dros faSizmis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi marto rusTavelis Teatridan 80-ze meti Tan-amSromeli wavida jarSi. jarSi wavidnen sx-vadasxva Teatridanac. msaxiobebi (a. xorava, v. anjafariZe, a. vasaZe, s. zaqariaZe, v. goZiaSvi-li, T. WavWavaZe, g. saRaraZe, p. kobaxiZe, S. Ram-baSiZe da sxva) xSirad gamodiodnen frontis wina xazze koncertebiT. isini mebrZolebs amxnevebdnen sagmiro leqsebis kiTxviTa da sxva sakoncerto SesrulebiT.

qarTuli Teatri gardaiqmna omis pirobebis adekvaturad.

220 weli gvaSorebs krwanisis brZolaSi daRupul msaxiobebs, magram ar kvdeba maTi xsovna. krwanisSi mtris winaaRmdeg mebrZoli msaxiobebi TavianTi gmirobis magaliTebiT yovelTvis mogvagoneben movaleobas samSob-los winaSe!...


#5 2015

radgan Svilis dabrunebis imedi dakarga, ̀ ada-miani ibadeba erTxel~ da man unda Seasrulos Tavisi adamianuri funqcia!...

m. mrevliSvilis `xarataanT kera~ arC. Cxar-tiSvilis erT-erTi saukeTeso speqtakli iyo, romelmac, rogorc vTqvi, farTo sazogadoe-bis vnebaTaRelva gamoiwvia. mwerals hqonda siaxlis grZnoba da scenidan impulss aZlevda sazogadoebriv cvlilebebs anu cxovrebis ma-jiscemaze edo xeli da grZnobda mis gulisce-mas.

asea, roca mwerali Tavisi xalxis cxovre-biT cxovrobs!...

arCil CxartiSvils dabadebidan 110 weli Seusrulda. me kargad maxsovs arCilis moR-vaweoba da vicnob mis mier ganvlil saxelovan gzas, romelic kote marjaniSvilisa da sandro axmetelis saxelebTan aris dakavSirebuli. sandro axmetels gverdiT edga, asistentis funqcias asrulebda. saocari gulmodginebiT iwerda axmetelis repeticiebs. misi wyalobiT, bevri ram saintereso Semogvinaxa istoriam. erTxans axmetelma CeCneT-inguSeTis TeatrSi gagzavna, CxartiSvilma didi roli Seasrula CeCneT-inguSeTis Teatris cxovrebaSi. gan-sakuTrebulia arC. CxartiSvilis Rvawli ba-Tumis Teatris cxovrebaSi. xazgasmiT vambob am faqtebs, radgan mas didi mniSvneloba eni-Weba zogadad qarTuli Teatris kulturis warmoCenaSi.

saqarTvelo ar aris erTi qalaqis (Tbili-

si) qveyana. erovnuli energia yoveli mxridan moedineba. yovelTvis siamayiT vixseneb. roca aSS-is didma mweralma jon steinbekma baTumSi SemTxveviT naxa arC. CxartiSvilis speqtakli – sofokles `oidipos mefe~ da aRtacebuli striqonebi uZRvna. amerikeli mwerali gaao-ca patara qalaqSi nanaxma didma xelovnebam. aseTi speqtakli sofokles samSobloSic ki ar ariso!...

rogori Sefasebaa!!...- umaRlesi!..me raRa unda davamato!... Nase rom, arCil CxartiSvili gansakuTrebu-

li movlena iyo meoce saukunis qarTuli Teat-ris, - reJisuris TeatrisAN saukunis istoriaSi, magram masac Seexo Cveni erovnuli ubedureba _ qarTuli umaduroba...

es ambavi naxevari saukunis win moxda. arC. CxartiSvili g. SatberaSvilis uaRresad sain-tereso piesis (`mkvdari mze~) dadgmaze muSaob-da. repeticiebidan gamoiZaxes da Teatris xelmZRvanelobidan gaanTavisufles.

CemTvis dRemde gaugebari darCa, ra mox-da?!... am faqtma gagvaoca da AaRgvaSfoTa ar-Cilis pativismcemlebi. Cven, saministros TanamSromlebma: anton wulukiZem, nodar gurabaniZem da me arCili waviyvaneT saqeifod. maxsovs arCilis maSindeli naTqvami: adami-ani wlobiT muSaobs imisaTvis, raTa sibereSi garantirebuli iyos, rom xels advilad ver wamokraven, me ki gamagdeso...

roca arCil CxartiSvilis damsaxurebas vixseneb, ar SeiZleba sagangebod ar aRiniSnos vaJa-fSavelas `mokveTilis~ dadgma.

`mokveTili~ 1956-57 wlis sezonSi daidga. rogorc ityvian, saaTiviT awyobili speqtak-li iyo. zeaweuli grZnobebis da mamakacuri energiis speqtakli. sakmarisia iTqvas, rom aq daibada didi msaxiobi oTar meRvineTuxucesi ConTas rolSi. arCil CxartiSvilis `mokveTi-li~ gamorCeuli warmodgena aris vaJa-fSave-las Teatris istoriaSi.

meoce saukunis yvela reJisorma ganicada politikuri koniunqturis gavlena.

Teatri yvelaze Tanamedrove xelovnebaa. is dRevandeli dRiT cocxlobs, radgan emsax-ureba DdRevandel auditoriasa da saerTod, Tavis Tanamedroveobas. sxva magaliTebs ar davasaxeleb, kote marjaniSvilisa da sandro axmetelis magaliTebic kmara, magram mTavaria rogor aisaxeba dro reJisoris SemoqmedebaSi.

arCil CxartiSvilmac dadga tipiuri ko-niunqturuli warmodgena – ilo mosaSvilis `misi varskvlavi~. Tema axali diddumiani cxvris jiSis gamoyvanas exeboda. arasainter-eso Temaa, magram speqtaklSi iyo SesaniSnavi aqtioruli saxeebi da amis gamo mayurebeli

#5 2015


eswreboda.arC. CxartiSvilis SemoqmedebaSi origi-

naluri movlena iyo novelebis dadgmis faq-ti. novelis dadgmas Cvens TeatrSi tradicia ar hqonda, magram arCil CxartiSvilma sain-tereso eqsperimenti Caatara. erT saRamos dadga o. ioselianis, arC. sulakauris da o. gobroniZis novelebi.

es iyo 1961 wlis pirveli Tebervali.arCil CxartiSvili eZebda Tavis Teatrs,

gatacebiT qmnida mis models.* * *

dabadebidan 100 weli Seusrulda qarTuli artistizmis geniis erT-erT did varskvlavs vaso goZiaSvils. marTlac, gansakuTrebuli artistuli movlena iyo scenazec da cxovre-baSic, yvelgan gamoirCeoda artistizmiT. akaki vasaZem, Tavad genialurma msaxiobma, umaRlesi Sefaseba misca CemTan saubarSi vaso goZiaSvilis artistul monacemebs, Tumca, imavdroulad dananebiT SeniSna, rom misi in-teleqti adekvaturi ar iyo SemoqmedebiTi monacemebisao...

akaki vasaZe meoce saukunis msaxiobebidan gamoirCeoda farTo erudiciiT da anali-tikuri azrovnebiT. mis pirovnebaSi organu-lad iyo Serwymuli artistisa da reJisoris Tvisebebi.

...TelavSi Teatrma Sexvedra mouwyo marine Tbilels, momxsenebeli viyavi. fardis gax-snamde kulisebSi videqi. movida vaso (romel-ic marine Tbilels axlda `Zveli vodevileb-is~ saTamaSod) da miTxra:

- ici, rogor vuyvarvar Telavelebs?!...- vici, batono vaso!...- ara, ar ici, moxsenebaSi daasaxele Cemi

gvari da naxav, rogori taSi iqneba!...Sevfiqriandi, Sexvedra TbilelTan aris da

Cemgan utaqtoba iqneboda moxsenebaSi masze ufro didi da popularuli msaxiobis dapiri-spireba, magram ra unda meqna?

vicodi, Cemi sexniis eqcentrikuli xasiaTis ambavi da sityvaSi movixsenie, marTlac didi taSi iyo. vaso Tavs bednierad grZnobda.

did xelovanT patara bavSvis axireba da gulebi aqvT!...

Sexvedris Semdeg didi purmarili gaimarTa sastumros nomerSi, me da vaso goZiaSvili er-Tad viyaviT. mTeli Rame ar damaZina, momaval rolebze melaparakeboda da Tan improviza-ciulad alag-alag TamaSobda kidec. Telavel megobrebs gadaureka, Camovedio, purmariliT gaavses sastumro.

bazarSi wavideTo, miTxra batonma vasom. wavediT. Cems Tvalwin Teatrad aqcia mTeli bazari. xan visTan dalia Rvino, xan visTan mo-texa dedas puri, visTan – yveli. erTi sityviT,

mTeli bazris centri iyo. gamyidvelebic da myidvelebic mxolod mas uyurebdnen. uxar-oda, rom me, `imereli biWi~ (rogorc xSirad meubneboda), mowme viyavi misi popularobisa.

vaso goZiaSvili iyo xasiaTebis Seqmnis gamorCeuli ostati. misi marto erTi patara, TiTqmis usityvo roli korneiCukis piesaSi (`xsovna gulisa~) rom genaxaT, naTeli gaxde-boda, ra didi artisti iyo. scenaze TiTqmis araferi ar xdeboda, acekvebda qals da cekvis dros gvaCvenebda, rogori mususi iyo misi gmiri. cekvis dros, viTom SemTxveviT, Camou-vardeboda dabla xeli da qals mouTaTunebda.

acekvebda qals da gvaCvenebda mususi kacis saxes.

* * *90 weli Seusrulda qarTuli Teatrmcod-

neobis gamoCenil moRvawes eTer guguSvils. eTeri rom cocxali iyos, uflebas ar momcem-da misi asaki mexsenebina.

erTxel, dabadebis dRes daureka e. Sevard-naZis TanaSemwem da miuloca. eTeri pirda-pir gadairia, aRSfoTdaL, vin giTxraT, rom dabadebis dReao, ver itanda asakis xsenebas, gasaocrad ebrZoda Tavis wlebs. eTeris gan-sakuTrebuli wvlili miuZRvis Teatraluri institutis istoriaSi. mravali weli iyo proreqtori, aseve didxans reqtori _ erT dRes e. guguSvilma damireka:

- vaso, ratom ar modixar samsaxurSi? - Tan icinis, karg xasiaTzea, ukve Teatraluri in-stitutis reqtoria, manamde karga xans imuSa-va proreqtorad.


#5 2015

uceb gavRiziandi, vifiqre, eTeris vin ekiTxeba, rodis mival samsaxurSi.

- ra moxda, CemTan gaqvs saqme?. . - saqmis meti ra aris, droze gamodi...

droze... ukve Seni ufrosi var _ icinis gu-lianad.

albaT saministroSi gadmoiyvanes, vfi qrob da vekiTxebi: ra, dagawinaures?!

- vaso, axla gaige, rom reqtori var?. . - vici, magram ver gavige Cemgan ra ginda?.. - ar ici, Cems moadgiled rom gadmogiyvanes?

. . - kvlav gulianad icinis.- me araferi ar vici, vin gadawyvita Cemi

saqme, ar unda mkiTxon?!.. `ti znaeS.~.. uceb gadawyda zeviT... cekaSi... mdivanTan v. siraZ-esTan viyavi. iq iyo umaRlesebis ganaTlebis ministri g. jiblaZec. SemomTavazes proreq-toris kandidatura, me misi winaaRmdegi wave-di. vTqvi, rom me minda mSromeli kaci da ara prezidiumebSi gamosaCeni pirovneba. Seni kan-didatura davasaxele.

daiwyo Cemi axali cxovreba, axali imedebi, axali saqme, axali adamianebi.

ra ar gadavitane welTa manZilze, magram Cemi cxovrebis bednieri wlebi iyo. ukve 50 weli Semisrulda institutSi (dRes ukve uni-versiteti) moRvaweobidan.

yvelaferi TiTqos axlaxans iyo.qarTvelebs (sxvebis ar vici) genialuri si-

tyva gvaqvs `wuTisofeli~.roca proreqtorad daviniSne, e. guguSvilma

gamafrTxila: zemoT, mTavrobaSi, yvelgan me waval, Sen mixede institutis saSinao saqmeebs, srul Tavisuflebas gaZlev. miuxedavad amisa, kargad vicodi, ras niSnavda pirveli moadg-ileoba. igi reqtoris saimedo dasayrdenic aris da imave dros potenciur Semcvlelad moi-azreba. amitom Cemgan gansakuTrebuli taqti da sifrTxile iyo saWiro. yovel dawesebulebaSi `wylis amRvrevebs~ ra gamolevs. isini adami-anur ambiciebze da Tavmoyvareobaze TamaSoben, magram sabednierod, arc CemTan da arc req-torebTan, aravis araferi ar gamouvida. verc

erT reqtorTan `wya-li ver amimRvries~.. .

gulRia, gaxsnili urTierToba mqonda yvela reqtorTan. saerTo profesiuli interesebis garda, d a r w m u n e b u l n i iyvnen, rom maT zurgs ukan arafers ukadriss ar Cavi-dendi. zogjer Cemi iniciativiT gakeT-ebul saqmesac ki

maT mivawerdi xolme. Cemi amocana iyo insti-tutSi yofiliyo mSvidi, stabiluri da saqmi-ani atmosfero. ndoba da damoukidebloba ar damekarga. erTgulebiT vaRwevdi mizans. vinc kargad icnobs xelovnebis samyaros, maTTvis Zneli warmosadgeni ar unda iyos, Tu ra rTulia didi individualobis moR-vaweTa gverdiT muSaoba. yovel maTganTan gansakuTrebuli frTxili damokidebulebaa saWiro. zogjer erTi gadabrunebuli frazis gamoc ki iqmneba konfliqturi situacia. Se-moqmedi ambiciuri adamiania.

eTer guguSvili impulsuri xasiaTis iyo, Tanac simarTlis moyvaruli, pirSi mTqmeli, ufrTxildeboda reqtoris prestiJs, vaglax-ad veravin Sebedavda verc mas da verc mis in-stituts. roca ganrisxdeboda, zogjer wonas-worobas kargavda, magram bunebiT keTili iyo da male gadauvlida mrisxaneba. amas mosdevda sinanulis periodi. Cemi amocana iyo ganawy-enebulTan ise Semerigebina, arc reqtoris prestiJi Selaxuliyo da arc oponenti darCe-niliyo gulnakluli.

* * *bevrjer vTqvi (ilias glaxa WriaSviliviT)

da davwere qarTuli umadurobis fenomenze. ramdeni aTeuli weli vinmes gaxsenebia aleqsandre TayaiSvili?

`arsaidan xma!~...aleqsandre TayaiSvils 120 weli Seusrul-

da dabadebidan. igi iyo mravalmxriv sain-tereso reJisori da moRvawe. sruliad gan-sakuTrebulia misi Rvawli sabavSvo Teatris istoriaSi. a. TayaiSvili g. miqaZesTan erTad erT-erTi damfuZnebeli iyo mozard mayure-belTa Teatrisa.

Cemi pirveli Teatraluri STabeWdileba dakavSirebulia mis speqtaklTan d. WonqaZis `suramis cixe~. mozardTa Teatri gastrole-bze Camovida xonSi. Cemi soflidan ori Tu sami biWi wavediT xonSi speqtaklze dasaswrebad. xonamde eqvsi kilometria. maSin am gzaze man-qana aTasSi erTxel Tu gamoivlida, fexiT ga-viareT sakmaod didi manZili da saxlSi gvian davbrundiT. Cemze gansakuTrebuli STabe-Wdileba datova g. kupraSvilma.

aleqsandre TayaiSvilis speqtaklebidan artistuli mravalsaxeobiT gamoirCeoda n. gogolis `revizori~, romelic marjaniSvilis TeatrSi dadga. pirdapir aqtioruli ostato-bis zeimi iyo.

* * *120 weli gavida dramaturgisa da prozaiko-

sis, didi daviT kldiaSvilis vaJis, sergo kl-diaSvilis dabadebidan.

sergo kldiaSvils davuaxlovdi rusTav-elis TeatrSi muSaobis wlebSi. TiTqos uc-

#5 2015


nauria, rom Cinebuli mosaubre iyo, miux-edavad imisa, rom enas ukidebda...

rusTavelis TeatrSi daidga misi piesebi: g̀mirTa Taoba~, g̀rafis

qvrivi~, gansakuTrebiT damamaxsovrda `dResas-wauli sakraulaSi~, radgan Cems biografi-asac daukavSirda.

` d R e s a s w a u l i sakraulaSi~ akaki dvaliSvilma dadga. maSin gmirul-romantikul TeatrSi vodevilis dadgma arasworad mimaCnda, amitom davwere kritikuli werili, romelic wavukiTxe speq-taklis reJisors ak. dvaliSvils. mikvirs, rom Cems am utaqtobas mSvidad Sexvda akaki dvaliSvili. mirCia, sergo kldiaSvilis kri-tikas moeSvi da me gamakritikeo. dRemde vu-madli akakis am rCevisTvis, radgan Semdeg im-denad davuaxlovdi sergo kldiaSvils, rom ojaxSi davdiodi. Cems sadisertacio Sromaze, romelic fsiqologiuri dramis problemas exeboda da mniSvnelovani adgili hqonda daT-mobili daviT kldiaSvils, kargi recenzia dawera.

roca sergo kldiaSvils vaxseneb, yov-elTvis vimeoreb gasaocar faqts: rusTav-elis TeatrSi Cemi muSaobis dros, erT dRes saocrad danaRvlianebuli da aforiaqebuli Semovida Cems kabinetSi:

- ra moxda batono sergo?- iqidan movdivar! – Tqva da xeli gaiSvira

ZerJinskis quCisaken, sadac `suki~ iyo.- manaxes, Tu romel dRes damxvrites..

Turme Cems dasaWerad mosulan, saxlSi ar davxvdi, sofelSi viyavi wasuli. daxvretis gegmis Sesasruleblad quCaSi erT gamvlels staces xeli da sergo kldiaSvilis gvariT daxvrites... ra vqna, rogor movZebno misi

ojaxi, rom davexmaro...aseTi tkivilis gancda mxolod namdvil

humanist adamians SeiZleba hqondes. amitom Sevaxseneb xolme mkiTxvels.

* * *qarTul TeatrSi asobiT msaxiobi moRvawe-

obda, romlebic dRes aRaravis axsovs, an aqa-iq Tu SemorCa momgonebeli. vin unda Seaxsenos Tanamedroveobas maTi Rvawli da amagi, Tu ara, upirvelesad Teatrmcodneebma. am ram-denime wlis winaT, Cemma yofilma studentma, upretenzio da futkariviT MmSromelma kote ninikaSvilma Teatralur sazogadoebaSi xs-ovnis saRamoebi wamoiwyo.

msaxiobis saxlis darbazi xalxiT iyo gad-aWedili.

mas Semdeg didi dro gavida. politikurma cxovrebam da teleSouebma faseulobaTa kri-teriumebi Secvala. yvelaferi gamartivda, gaubralovda. masobrivi kulturis tenden-ciebma imZlavres. Seiqmna dRevandeli dRiT cxovrebis kulti. TiTqos asrulda qarTu-li andaza - `dRevandeli kvercxi mirCevnia xvalindel qaTamso~. ase mgonia, rom aseTi an-daza ver Seiqmneboda sxva qveynebSi, andazaSi qarTuli xasiaTia gamokveTili!...

kote ninikaSvilis mier mowyobil saRa-moebSi gamoirCeoda raionebisa da qalaqebis Teatrebis msaxiobTa saRamoebi, radgan Tbi-lisis auditoriisaTvis bevri ram axali iyo. pirvelad Sexvda e.w. regionebSi moRvawe msax-iobebs. pirvelad gaixsenes regionebi: namd-vilma Semoqmedebam xom ar icis centri Tu regioni. vaJa-fSavela mivardnil mTaSi qmnida Tavis Sedevrebs, arc `vefxistyaosani~ dawer-ila TbilisSi!...

anbanur WeSmaritebaze vsaubrob, raTa xazgasmiT vTqva, rom qarTuli Teatris isto-riaSi yovelTvis didi adgili ekavaT saqalaqo Tu raionul Teatrebs. saqarTveloSi cno-bili iyo Tbilisis gareT moRvawe reJisorTa da msaxiobTa saxelebi. yvelas vicnobdi, vinc am naxevari saukunis manZilze imoRvaweva.

sevdismomgvrelia maTi saxelebis gaxseneba. zogs dabadebidan 100 weli Seusrulda. ar SemiZlia ar gavixseno zogierTebi, maT Soris foTSi moRvawe sino kalandariSvili.

sino kalandariSvili dramatuli rolebiT iyo gatacebuli. fizikuri monacemebi saSu-alebas aZlevda warmatebiT ganexorcielebina Zlieri temperamentis xasiaTebi. sakmarisia rolebis dasaxelebac. s. kalandariSvilma war-matebiT Seasrula: arsena (a. yazbegi `arsena~), oidiposi (sofokle `oidipos mefe~), jemali (i. mosaSvili `CaZiruli qvebi~) da sxva rolebi, romlebsac Tavisi mayurebeli hyavda.

mayurebeli sixaruliT xvdeboda qalaqSi


#5 2015

gamorCeuli moRvawis scenaze warmatebas.* * *

msaxiobi da ETeatris direqtori, platon axvlediani iyo mravalmxrivi pirovneba. gam-oirCeoda artistuli temperamentiT, warmo-sadegobiT, Zlieri xasiaTebis Seqmnis osta-tobiT. samasamde roli Seasrula. JamTaberis rols asrulebda - m. jafariZis piesaSi ̀ JamTa-beris asuli~, oTarbegis rols - a. sumbaTaSvi-lis `RalatSi~, arbenins - m. lermontovis `maskaradSi~, onises - a. yazbegis `xevisberi goCa~, leonardo - garsia lorkas `sisxliani qorwili~.

p. axvlediani erTxans k. marjaniSvilis Te-atrSic moRvaweobda, sadac Seqmna: besarionis (n. dumbaZe `me vxedav mzes~), giJuas (avqs. ca-gareli `rac ginaxavs, veRar naxav~), urielis (g. guckovis `uriel akosta~) da sxva rolebi.

dasaxelebuli magaliTebidanac gasagebia, Tu ra xasiaTis msaxiobi iyo. msaxiobis reper-tuari mkiTxvels mxolod zogad Tavisebure-baze mianiSnebs, yoveli roli ki calke ganxil-vas da analizs moiTxovs, romelic, samwuxarod, Tavis droze xSirad ar keTdeba. amaSi aris msax-iobis xelovnebis bunebis Tavisebureba. amitom hqondaT Zvel berZnebs tradicia – roca msax-iobs marxavdnen taSiT miacilebdnen.

es tradicia saqarTveloSic damkvidrda, mgoni 80-iani wlebidan...

p. axvlediani Telavis Teatris direqtora-dac muSaobda. maxsovs, rogori gamorCeuli yuradRebiT cdilobda Teatris repertuaris dacvas.

qarTul TeatrSi erTxans TiTqos wesad iyo qceuli – wamyvani msaxiobebis mier direq-toris funqciis SeTavseba. aq marto lideri msaxiobis Cveuli ambicia ar aris. sakiTxs so-cialuri aspeqtic hqonda. cnobili msaxiobebi TeatrSi mayureblis yuradRebis obieqtebic iyvnen. amas raionSi gansakuTrebuli mniS-vneloba hqonda. msaxiob direqtorTa Soris iyo sino kalandariSvilic, romelic wlebis manZilze moRvaweobda raionis TeatrebSi. maT

Soris gamoirCeoda foTSi da gorSi moRvaweo-bis wlebi. aTi weli muSaobda goris TeatrSi. ramdenime weli iyo Teatris direqtori.

* * *Cvens universitetSi xSirad vxvdebi msax-

iobsa da pedagogs galina patariZes. galina im-edis sxiviviT SemomanaTebs xolme. magondeba misi studentoba, romelic Cemi biografiis nawilic aris. maSin kulturis saministroSi vmuSaobdi. axalcixeSi profesiuli Teatris gax-snis idea gvaRelvebda, magram ideis praqtikul ganxorcielebas patri-oti da enTuziasti msax-iobebi sWirdeboda. msax-iobTa jgufSi, romelsac leqciebs vukiTxavdi, erTaderTi daojaxebu-li studentebi iyvnen – galina patariZe da soso bakuraZe. hyavdaT vaJi – kaxa bakuraZe, romelmac Semdeg Tavi gamoiCina organizatoruli niWiT da muStaidis baRSi originaluri Teatri Seqmna.

galina da soso bakuraZeebi waruZRvnen win da nana demetraSvilis TavkacobiT mesxeTSi aaRorZines Teatri.

naxevar saukuneze metia Teatrisa da kinos universitetSi pedagogiur moRvaweobas vew-evi. vinc am wlebSi daamTavra universiteti (instituti) TiTqmis yvela Cemi nastudentar-ia. mixaria yovel maTganTan Sexvedra, magram galinasTan Sexvedra gansakuTrebiT, radga-nac galina patariZes gamorCeuli xibli aqvs.

vulocav dabadebis dRes. galina im asakisaa, rogorc gamoiyureba.

gamoiyureba ki SesaniSnavad.yovel Sexvedraze Tvalwin cocxldeba misi

studentobis wlebi.dailocos Seni kargi qaloba, namdvili

ojaxiSviloba Cemo galina!

#5 2015


28 oqtombers griboedovis saxelobis Te-atrma didi saiubileo zeimi gamarTa. is dai-wyo jer kidev Teatris foieSi, sadac TeTr-wiTel ferebSi Cacmulma orkestrantebma TavianTi mxiaruli marSebiT aumaRles gan-wyoba stumrebs. amis Semdeg yuradReba mi-ipyro saiubileo gamofenam, romelmac Tea-tris mniSvnelovani speqtaklebis eskizebi, maketebi, diplomebi, sagastrolo warmate-bebi, saiubileod gamocemuli wignebi, Teat-ris relikviebi gaacno mayurebels. Teatris cnobil moRvaweTa kedlebze dakidebuli suraTebi amjerad ufro ametyveldnen da CaerTvnen sagamofeno sivrceSi.

darbazSi teva ar iyo. aq iyvnen ara mx-olod Teatris mudmivi da erTguli may-ureblebi, aramed msoflios 24 qveynidan mowveuli sapatio Teatralebi, romlebmac griboedovis TeatrTan erTad aRniSnes misi saiubileo TariRi.

iubilem Teatris scenaze gadainacv-la _ igi warmoadgenda Zveli Tbilisis mTel kolorits _ xis lamazCuqurTmebian aivnebze gadmofenili nairnairi xaliCebiT, Zveli daklaknili, viwro quCa-bandebiT, xis lamazi kibeebiT. maRla ki, mTeli scenis si-ganeze gamofenili iyo afiSebi griboedove-lebis saetapo speqtaklebisa...

griboedovis Teatris msaxiobebma Txroba Teatris Seqmnis Sesaxeb jer Zveli Tbili-sis RirSesaniSnaobaTa aRweriT daiwyes (re-

Jisori a. varsimaSvili, literaturuli mon-taJi a. varsimaSvili, n. Saduri) _ gaixsenes bazrobebi, maidnebi, aSuRebi... Semdeg ki yuradReba Teatris istoriaze gadaitanes da dawvrilebiT, sezonebis mixedviT, Teat-ris daarsebis istoriidan dRemde istori-is furclebiTa da cnobil pirovnebaTa mogonebebiT emociurad gagvacnes da Tval-win dagvixates epoqa, romelSic daibada ru-suli dramatuli Teatri. Teatri, romlis dasis SedgenaSi Tavad didebulma msaxiobma m. SCepkinma miiRo monawileoba. axladSeqm-nil dass ki saTaveSi a. iabloCkini (ssrk sax. artistis a. iabloCkinas mama) Caudga.

Tbilisis Teatralur cxovrebaze werdnen msoflios gamoCenili adamianebi, mwerlebi: al. diuma, lev tolstoi, a. puSkini da sxv. zamTris sezonebze TbilisSi samuSaod Camo-diodnen rusuli scenis iseTi didostatebi, rogorebic iyvnen: v. nemiroviC-danCenko, a. sumbaTaSvil-iuJini, a. iabloCkina, a. lenski, m. ermolova, m. savina, v. komisarJevskaia, v. davidovi, k. varlamovi, n. orlenevi da sxv. 1904-05 wlebSi Teatralur sezons saTaveSi msaxiobTa amxanagoba `Русская драма~ Caudga v. meierxoldis xelmZRvanelobiT. Tbilis-Si Seiqmna `ТАРТО~ (ruseTis Teatraluri sazogadoebis msaxiobTa amxanagoba), pro-letkultelTa wiTeli Teatri, imarTeboda warmodgenebi zubalovebis saxlSi, operis studiaSi, kinoTeatr `apoloSi~ da cirkSic

griboedovis Teatri -170

nino maWavariani


#5 2015

ki, sadac warmoudgeniaT `mefe oidiposi~. swored rusuli Teatris mowveviT Camovida TbilisSi kote marjaniSvili. griboedovis TeatrSi sxvadasxva wlebSi moRvaweobdnen reJisorebi: v. nemiroviC-danCenko, al. sum-baTaSvil-iuJini, v. meierxoldi, kote mar-janiSvili, al. tairovi, aleqsei popovi, leonid varpaxovski, giorgi tovstonogovi, sandro tovstonogovi, mixeil TumaniSvili, dodo aleqsiZe, giga lorTqifaniZe, gizo Jordania, levan mircxulava, kote surmava, petre fomenko... 1999 wlidan dRemde ki mas saTaveSi udgas reJisori avTandil varsi-maSvili.

griboedovis Teatris scenaze dasamax-sovrebeli scenuri gmirebi ganasaxieres msaxiobebma: e. satinam, b. beleckaiam, l. vrubliovskaiam, b. aleqsi-mesxiSvilma, v. duneckaiam, d. neginam, m. belousovma, a. semionovma, v. braginma, n. burmistrovam, mogvianebiT: arCil gomiaSvilma, jemal sixaruliZem, boris kazinecma, niko gome-laurma da sxv. mis speqtaklebs musikalu-rad aformebdnen kompozitorebi: zaqaria faliaSvili, iona tuskia, kote meRvineTux-ucesi, konstantin pevzneri, scenografiu-lad xvewdnen mxatvrebi: irakli gamrekeli, elene axvlediani, lado gudiaSvili, irina Stenbergi, mirian SveliZe, aivengo WeliZe, iuri gegeSiZe da sxv. qoreografebi: iuri zarecki, iliko suxiSvili, gia marRania...

Teatralur-literaturuli warmodge-nis Semdeg iubilar Teatrs miuloces da adresebi gamougzavnes: sruliad saqa-rTvelos kaTolikos patriarqma ilia me-orem, saqarTvelos prezidentma giorgi

margvelaSvilma, saqarTvelos premier min-istrma irakli RaribaSvilma. es adresi gag-vacno saqarTvelos kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis ministrma m. giorgaZem, romelmac Tavad miuloca Teatrs RirSesaniSnavi Tar-iRi:

`pativcemulo stumrebo, batonebo da qalbatonebo! saqarTvelos kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saministros saxeliT, saqarTvelos mTavrobis saxeliT gilo-cavT iubiles, madlobas gixdiT am sazeimo saRamoSi monawileobisaTvis, vuerTdebi yvela milocvas Teatrisadmi, romliTac vamayobT.

rusuli Teatris daarsebiT ara mxolod TbilisSi, aramed mTeli kavkasiis region-Si safuZveli Caeyara rusuli kulturis, rusul saganmanaTleblo keras. saqarTve-lo mravalerovani qveyanaa, cnobili Tavisi tolerantobiT da Teatri mis kul-turul cxovrebaSi yovelTvis central-ur adgils ikavebda.

griboedovis Teatri Tavisi repertu-ariT, Tavisi profesionali msaxiobebiT dakompleqtebuli aqtioruli dasiT, mdi-dari istoriiTa da tradiciebiT gadaiq-ca mZlavr Teatralur sivrced. minda kidev erTxel mivuloco mis mayurebels da upirveles yovlisa, Teatris koleq-tivs. gisurvebT yvelafers saukeTesos _ bednierebas, momaval SemoqmedebiT war-matebebs. vafasebT Tqvens mier Setanil wvlils rogorc qarTuli Teatraluri xelovnebis, aseve qarTuli kulturis gan-viTarebaSi~.

Teatrs adresi gamougzavnes da warmo-

#5 2015


madgenlobiT miuloces aseve: ruseTis kulturis ministrma vladimer medinskim, ruseTis federaciis Teatraluri sazoga-doebis Tavmjdomarem al. kaliaginma, `itar tasma~ (s. mixailovi, m. gusmani), `viTibi~ bankis prezidentma a. kostinma, rusTavelis Teatrma (robert sturua) _ Teatrs iubile miuloca cnobilma qarTvelma msaxiobma kaxi kavsaZem, musikaluri komediis (d. doiaSvi-li), mozard mayurebelTa (d.xvTisiaSvili), baTumis (a. enuqiZe), ozurgeTis (v. CigogiZe), moZraobis (k. bakuraZe) Teatrebma. gorkis saxelobis moskovis samxatvro Teatrma (t. doronina), a. Cexovis saxelobis samxatvro Teatrma (o. tabakovi), sankt-peterburgis Teatri-festivalis, `baltiis saxlis~ gen-eralurma direqtorma sergei Subim, Te-atrma `sovremennikma~ (galina volCeki), e. vaxtangovis Teatrma (rimas tuminasi, kiril kroki), baxruSinis saxelobis saxelmwifo erovnulma Teatralurma muzeumma (d. ro-dionovi), mcire Teatrma (iuri solomini), Aazerbaijanis kulturis ministrma abul-faz qaraevma, azerbaijanis samed vurRunis saxelobis saxelmwifo akademiurma rusul-ma Teatrma (al. Sarovski), astanas m. gorkis saxelobis saxelmwifo akademiurma rusul-ma Teatrma (erkin kasenovi), lesia ukrainkas erovnulma akademiurma rusulma Teatrma (m. reznikoviCi), litvis rusulma dramat-ulma Teatrma (ionas voitkusi), xersonis m. kuliSis saxelobis musikalur-dramatulma

Teatrma (al. kniga), ivan frankos saxelobis Teatrma (st. moiseevi), brestis akademiuri dramis Teatrma (al. kozaki), belorusis m. gorkis saxelobis erovnulma akademi-urma dramatulma Teatrma (s. kovalCiki), tajikeTis Teatris moRvaweTa kavSiris Tavmjdomarem suxrob mirzoevma, ruseTis federaciis Jurnalma `Teatralma~ (v. ia-kovi).

Teatrs iubile miuloces aseve sazR-vargareT moRvawe rusulma Teatrebma: `Russian space teatre~ (d. turCaninovi), `Арт Мастер~(fineTi. k. mirudenko), `rusuli sce-na~ (berlini, i. sokolova), daniur-rusuli Teatri `dialogi~ (t. derbeniova-iakob-soni), rusuli Teatri (vena. o. borisova), `geSeri~ (israeli. e. arie), rusuli Teatri, Teatri-studia `8+~ (vena. o.borisova), venis mozard mayurebelTa Teatri (r. paroniani) da sxv.

cnobilma rusma msaxiobma oleg basilaS-vilma peterburgis didi dramatuli Tea-tris saxeliT miuloca Teatrs iubile. is did dramatul TeatrSi moRvaweobs 1959 wlis 12 ivlisidan da bevri aqvs gasaxsenebe-li, magram amJamad mxolod erT movlenaze gaamaxvila yuradReba. man aRniSna, rom didi Teatris gamoCenili korifes, giorgi tovs-tonogovis moRvaweoba griboedovis Te-atrTan iyo dakavSirebuli da momaval wels didi reJisoris 100 wlisTavi sruldeba. am TariRTan dakavSirebiT Teatris win skvers


#5 2015

mieniWeba tovstonogovis saxeli da iq daidgmeba misi Zegli. wels ukve aRadgines misi kabineti, sadac ara mxolod misi say-vareli speqtaklebis eskizebi da maketebi, misi sigareti `malboros~, sayvareli Wiqis da wamlis, klofelinis dadebac ar daviwye-biaT. o. basilaSvilma mouTxro mayurebels, rom Teatri xSirad awyobs eqskursiebs da ax-algazrda msaxiobebs acnobs didi korifes Semoqmedebas. wels didma dramatulma Te-atrma gamosca irina SimbareviCisa da elene gorfunkelis ortomeuli. pirveli tomSi _ `Георгии Товстоногов - собирательный портрет~_ Tavmoyrilia masala yvela xelovanze, vinc muSaobda giorgi tovstonogovTan. meore tomi _ `Товстоногов репетирует и учит~ ga-nixilavs mis muSaobas speqtaklebze, mis reJisorul meTods, g. tovstonogovis os-tatobis Taviseburebebs. gamovida Teatrm-codne elene gorfunkelis wigni `Режиссура Георгия Товстоногова~ oleg basilaSvilma es wignebi aCuqa Teatrs. `TeatrSi mravali adamiani muSaobs da me maTi sixaruli, SiSi, cremli, mZime Sroma da Teatrisadmi didi siyvaruli minda aRvniSno. dideba ara mx-olod didi Semoqmedebs, aramed yvelas, vinc Teatrs emsaxureba. `Живите в доме и не рухнет дом. Слава актеру~ _ ase daamTavra Tavisi ga-mosvla saxelovanma msaxiobma.

mcire Teatris saxeliT Teatrs iubile miuloca, medali, mcire Teatris speqtak-lebis kasetebi da wigni `XX saukunis mcire Teatris mxatvrebi~ gadasca cnobilma msax-iobma irina muraviovam. Semdeg vaxtangovis Teatris saxeliT scenaze vasili lanavoi avida: `Zvirfaso megobrebo! moxaruli var, bednieri var, rom Camovfrindi TbilisSi. ramdeni saRamo gamitarebia aq, ramdeni gvis-

vams, ramdeni gvimxiarulia, Tqven verc ki warmoidgenT. kostia pipinaSvili iRebda qarTul kinostudiaSi films `maiakovski iwyeboda ase~. me maSin III kursis studenti viyavi. xandaxan kviraobiT ver gamovdiodiT studiidan da aseT muSaobas eCvevi kidec. me dRes vsunTqav im haers. ra bednierebi xarT, rom ar gaqvT mravalsarTuliani saxlebi.

msaxiobma Tavisi wigni warweriT `gri-boedovelebs~ gadasca Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvanels avTandil varsimaSvils. va-sili lanavoim waikiTxa nawyveti da puS-kinis Txzulebis meSveobiT axsena gri-boedovi, romlis dakargva ase ganicada mTelma saqarTvelom. dasasruls man waiRi-Rina revaz laRiZis `Tbiliso~, romelic im-droindel TbilisSi daiwera da es melodia am didebul msaxiobs dRemde gamoyva.

griboedovis Teatris saiubileod sae-rTaSoriso kulturul-saganmanaTleblo ce n trma `Русский Клуб~ Teatris direqto ris, ruseTis federaciis damsaxurebuli moR-vawis, nikoloz sventickis proeqtiT gamo-sca ina bezirganovas wigni `Партитура судьбы~, romelic reJisor leonid varpaxovskis mieZRvna.

saiubileo saRamo miyavdaT Teatris samx-atvro xelmZRvanels avTandil varsimaS-vils da direqtors nikoloz sventickis.zeimis dasasruls a. varsimaSvilma madloba gadauxada Teatris erTgul mayurebels da stumrebs mobrZanebisaTvis.

* * *saiubileo dRes Teatris foieSi gaixsna

gamoCenili qarTveli reJisoris giga lorT-qifaniZis da gamoCenili rusi reJisoris le-onid varpaxovskis memorialuri dafebi.

#5 2015


`durujis~ misialaSa papaSvilis mier daarsebul Teatralur premia `durujs~ ukve Tavisi realuri

Sedegi moaqvs — qarTuli Teatris moRvaweebisaTvis gaCnda kidev erTi orientiri, rom-lis miRweva SemoqmedebiTi warmatebis dasturi gaxlavT. Ees ki ganapirobebs am premiis av-toritetis zrdas.

Ees dadasturda 24 oqtombers ìvenT holSi~ gamarTul gamarjvebulTa dajildoebis ceremonialze. sakonkursod ki warmodgenili gaxldaT 38 Teatris speqtakli. am dRes — 24 oqtombers, Jiuris wevrebisaTvis (Te-atrmcodneebi maka vasaZe, maia goSaZe, laSa CxartiSvili, nika wulukiZe, dramaturgi guram baTiaSvili) gasrulda xuTTviani ma-raToni. Aam xnis ganmavlobaSi Jiuris wevrebma naxes sakonkursod warmodgenili yvela speq-takli, moiares saqarTvelos amer-imeris Teatrebi. es iyo xangrZlivi, momqancve-li procesi, Tumc aRsavse SemoqmedebiTi mignebebis, ama Tu im speqtaklSi axal per-sonaliaTa aRmoCenis, zogjer arcTu iSvi-aTad ki imedgacruebis periodi.

gamarjvebulTa dajildoebis ceremoni-alze didZalma xalxma moiyara Tavi — ara mx-olod sakonkurso speqtaklebis Teatrebis reJisorebma. msaxiobebma, qarTuli Teatris moyvarulma biznesmenebmac, sazogadoebriobis sxvadasxva fenis warmomadgenlebma. saR-amo erTob cocxlad mihyavda Teatrmcodnesa da telewamyvans nika wulukiZes. pirveli sityva warmosTqva dramaturgma, `Teatri da cxovrebis~ redaqtorma guram baTiaSvilma, romelmac isaubra saqarTveloSi mecenatobis tradiciis aRorZinebis Taobaze, ,duru-jis~ daarsebis TaosanTa keTilismyofel gavlenaze qarTuli Teatris SemoqmedebiT procesebze, Jiuris muSaobaze da isic aRniSna, rom SesaZloa, Jiuris bevri ar daeTanx-mos (iqneb, Jiuris esa Tu is wevric ki), magram misi gadawyvetileba gansajon maSin, roca Tavad iqnebian Jiuris wevrebi da dainaxaven, rom erTob rTulia gadawyvetilebis miReba maSin, roca Mmokle nusxaSi warmodgenili xuTi speqtaklidan umetesni didi SemoqmedebiTi RirsebebiTaa aRbeWdili.

saRamoze saintereso SemoqmedebiTi muSaobisaTvis diplomebi gadaecaT zugdidisa da xulos profesiul dramatul Teatrebs.

Ppremiebi ki ase ganawilda:wlis saukeTeso reJisorul namuSevrad aRiarebuli iqna da mTavari premia (14 000 lari)

mieniWa reJisor levan wulaZes Mn. gogolis `SeSlilis werilebis~ dadgmisaTvis (k. marjan-iSvilisa da Teatr Eèmilia romanas~ (italia) erToblivi speqtakli);

wlis qalis rolis saukeTeso Semsruleblad aRiarebuli iqna marina kaxiani — rusTav-elis Teatris speqtaklSi àsulni~ Sesrulebuli rolisaTvis;

wlis mamakacis rolis saukeTeso Semsruleblad aRiarebuli iqna vano iantbeliZe Te-lavis Teatris speqtaklSi `vin gatexa qoTani?~ Sesrulebuli rolisaTvis;

wlis saukeTeso piesis avtorebad gamocxaddnen paata cikolia da oTar qaTamaZe (piesa `kaligula~ ganxorcielda foTis v. gunias sax TeatrSi).

wlis saukeTeso axalgazrda reJisorad gamocxadda nika sabaSvili, Tbilisis n. dum-baZis sax. mozard mayurebelTa TeatrSi ganxorcielebuli speqtaklisaTvis `1945~. Ees pri-zi dawesebulia saqarTvelos kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis saministros mier da reJisors Tavad ministris moadgilem manana berikaSvilma gadasca.

D`durujis~ umTavresi misia ki qarTul TeatrebSi SemoqmedebiTi procesebis waxaliseba gaxlavT da rogorc am saRamom kidev erTxel daadastura, es misia sruldeba.

scena speqtaklidan`SeSlilis werilebi~


#5 2015

Aaxalcixis Teatri rom erovnuli dramaturgiis qomagad da popularizatorad iqca, amas ara mxolod misi repertuari adasturebs, aramed isic, rom am qalaqSi damkvidrda erovnuli dramaturgiis festivalis tradicia. wels festivali mesamed Catarda — igi gaixsna 7 seqtem-bers da axalcixelebs ori kviris ganmavlobaSi saSualeba hqondaT TavianT qalaqSi exilaT saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela profesiuli Teatris speqtaklebi. Ffestivalis gaxsnis dRes aq Camovidnen qarTuli kulturis moRvaweni. pirveli sityva warmosTqva axalcixis Teatris samx-atvro xelmZRvanelma, Cinebulma qarTvelma msaxiobma qalma lia suluaSvilma da festivali gaxsnilad gamoacxada. sefe sityva saqarTvelos kulturisa da ZeglTa dacvis ministrma mix-eil giorgaZem warmosTqva — man isaubra saministros Zalisxmevaze mosaxleobis kulturis si-yvaruliT, misadmi pativiscemis suliskveTebiT aRzrdis, momsaxurebis Taobaze, imisaTvis rom es mizani miRweuli iqnas, Teatralur xelovnebas didi roli eniWeba. amitom saministro ara mx-olod am festivals, sxva erovnuli, saxelmwifoebrivi mniSvnelobis proeqtebsac afinansebs.

saqarTvelos Teatraluri sazogadoebis Tavmjdomare, saqarTvelos parlamentis wevri gogi qavTaraZe gulTbilad miesalma axalcixis mosaxleobas da xazi gausva erovnu-li dramaturgiis mniSvnelobas qarTuli Teatraluri xelovnebis ganviTarebis saqmeSi.

Mmayurebels festivalis gaxsna miuloces da mis keTilismyofel gavlenaze isaubres m. Tu-maniSvilis Teatris samxatvro xelmZRvanelma qeTi doliZem, amave Teatris Cinebulma msax-iobma qalma, foTis regionuli Teatraluri festivalis damaarsebelma nineli WankvetaZem, Teatrmcodnem, saqarTvelos Teatris kritikosTa kavSiris Tavmjdomarem nika wulukiZem, Jurnal `Teatri da cxovrebis ~ redaqtorma, dramaturgma guram baTiaSvilma.

pirvel saRamos warmodgenili iqna Tbilisis mixeil TumaniSvilis sax. Teatris speqtak-li `balada vefxisa da moymisa~

Ffestivalis dReebSi axalcixelma mayurebelma naxa goris (`samefoo ZvelTaZvelo~), rusTavis (`mere raa, rom svelia sveli iasamani~), WiaTuris ( `mususi~), Tbilisis k. marjan-iSvilis (ART - xelovneba~), p. adamianis sax. somxuri (`darispanis gasaWiri~), n. dumbaZis sax. mozard mayurebelTa (`amiko~), quTaisis l.mesxiSvilis sax. (`kukaraCa~), mesxeTis (`sanam dagviZaxeben~), Tbilisis S. rusTavelis sax. (`stumar-maspinZeli~), cxinvalis iv. maCablis (`jayo~), foTis v. gunias sax.( `Holand, Holand~), Tbilisis v. abaSiZis sax. musikisa da dramis (`gayra~) da Tavisufali (`xom xocaven qancgawyvetil cxenebs?!~) Teatrebis speqtaklebi.

erovnuli dramaturgiis festivali

#5 2015


m. v. ukve didi dro gavida Cveni bolo saubridan. mgoni, ori Tu sami wlis win vi-saubreT, arada, TiTqos guSin iyo. kargad maxsovs adgilic (rusTavelis Teatris admin-istraciisTvis gankuTvnili erT-erTi patara kabineti) da saubris Temac. maSin jer kidev sadoqtoro disertaciaze vmuSaobdi - „rob-ert sturuas saTeatro enis formirebisa-Tvis“ (robert sturuas qarTuli Seqspiriana). SarSan, 2014 w. 24 ivniss, xelovnebaTmcodneo-bis doqtori gavxdi, umaRlesi Sefaseba mi-viRe, ar dagimalavT da meamayeba kidec. Tqvens Semoqmedebas studentobidan vikvlev. sad-iplomo namuSevris saTauri gaxldaT: „klasi-ka robert sturuas SemoqmedebaSi“. mokled, imis Tqma msurs, rom dro Zalian swrafad gar-bis... qalbaton dali mumlaZis da Tqveni sau-brebis Sedegad Seqmnili wignis - „nadiroba godoze“ - ydis ukana mxares Tqveni gamonaTq-vamia gamotanili, sadac aseTi frazacaa: „Tu gsurs mixvde, ra swrafad gadis dro, modi Te-atrSi“. Cemi pirveli SekiTxva, swored drois mdinarebas exeba. me-20 saukunis dasawyisSi mei-erholdi werda: „saTeatro dro Seicvala“... axla, 21-e saukunis jer kidev dasawyisia. dRes, post postmodernul epoqaSi, aTasgvari saTe-atro mimdinareoba, forma da struqturaa:

verbaluri, araverbaluri, moZraobis, cekvis, pantomimis, ritualuri, marionetebis, To-jinebis, verbatimi, socialuri, plakaturi, saopero, Sereuli, performansuli, Taname-drove multimediuri, dramatuli, sinTezuri da a. S. Tqven ras fiqrobT „saTeatro drosa“ da formebze?

r. s. meoce saukunis miwuruls gaCnda il-u zia, rom adamianebi (Cven) SevdivarT ra-Rac araCveulebriv xanaSi: iqneba mSvidoba, xelovnebis ganviTarebis periodi. ucbad aRmoCnda, rom ufro saSinel saukuneSi SevZveriT, imitom ki ara, rom 11 seqtembri-dan daiwyo es yvelaferi... ai, axla, dro rogor midis, azrze ara var. vfiqrob, 20-ian wlebs rom mivuaxlovdebiT, mivxvdebiT, ra aris 21-e saukune. rogorc Sen CamoTvale sxvadasxva Teatraluri forma, aseve ar-sebobs drois sxvadasxvagvari SegrZneba. ufro metic, axla mecnierebi amtkiceben, rom dro ar arsebobs. kargad ver gavige, in-ternetSi wavikiTxe informacia - mecnier-ebma kvlevebze damyarebuli azri gamoTqves - dro ar yofila. imdeni sxvadasxvanairi dro aris, rom namdvilad ar vici ra gipas-uxo am sakiTxze. romeli gaimarjvebs? axla, omis saSiSroeba Zalian seriozulia: ru-

„Tu gsurs mixvde, ra swrafad gadis dro, modi TeatrSi“

dialogi

gazeT „kulturaSi“ da Jurnal-Si „saxelovnebo mecnierebaTa Zie-bani“ wlebis ganmavlobaSi vaqvey-nebdi cikls „saubrebi robert sturuas saTeatro enaze“. gTava-zobT Cems bolo saubars maes-trosTan, romelic 2015 w. ivlisSi Caviwere, mis mier rusTavelis Te-atrSi uiliam Seqspiris „iulius keisris“ dadgmis Semdeg.

maka vasaZe robert sturua


#5 2015

seTis agresia yirimSi, ukrainaSi. ver gaigeb, ra xdeba. saerTod samyaro, me mgoni, gaCer-ebulia problemis winaSe, rom raRac axali unda Seiqmnas politikaSi. is gamocdileba, rac hqonia kacobriobas: demokratia iqneba, totalitarizmi Tu sxva, es yvelaferi ar gamodgeba. da, amitom, raRac axali unda moiZebnos. xalxis garkveul jgufs, romel-ic arafriT gamoirCeva, mihyavs kacobrioba sadRac da aravin icis, saiTken. ra damsaxu-reba aqvT maT? me-20 saukuneSi kidev iyvnen personebi: boroti iyo, mogwonda Tu ar mogwonda, icodi, rom is aris persona - sta-lini, hitleri, CerCili...

m. v. reigani, Tundac SevardnaZe...r. s. diax, personebi iyvnen. ai, axla, vin

aris safrangeTis prezidenti?m. v. ar vici? saxeli da gvaric ki ar vici...r. s. vin aris, vin... ratom unda xel mZRvanelobdes

aseT ers, garda imisa, rom eqvsi wlis ganmavlobaSi Tavis survilebs aisrulebs. anda, obama, an gen-deris pioneri qali - merkeli, an - putini. ra dam-saxurebiT daudgnen ers saTaveSi? xalxic, raRac-nairad gaurkvevel, xelCaqneul mdgomareobaSia. me rom mkiTxo, dro ar aris, gaCerebulia dro, bevria da amave dros dgas. TeatrSic raRac msgavsi situa-ciaa. Sen kargad CamoTvale, am postpostmodernma imdeni raRac moitana erTdroulad, rom dabneuli xar am tyeSi, junglSi da ar ici, saiT waxvide. da, axali dramaturgiac ar aris Seqmnili, romelic... principSi jer sityva unda iyos, xo?

m. v. diax, marTali brZandebiT. axla, Se-mdegi SekiTxva. Temur CxeiZe da Tqven erT-droulad moxvediT qarTul saTeatro samyaroSi. Tqven erTi da igive pedagogebi gyavdaT, magram absoluturad gansxvavebul saTeatro stilistikaSi muSaobT. magali-Tad, Tvalwin midgas Temur CxeiZis araCveu-lebrivi „guSindelni“ rusTavelis Teatris scenaze. ras fiqrobT amis Sesaxeb? ratom moxda ase? Tqven me meierholds gadarebT. TeatrSi kinomontaJis xerxi swored man Semoitana pirvelma msoflio saTeatro sivrceSi. mas montaJi musikalur rigze hqonda agebuli. ufro metic, eizenSteini, romelic kinomontaJis e. w. „mamad“ iTvleba, swored misi mowafe gaxldaT. ruseTis rev-oluciisadmi miZRvnili cnobili filmic „zamTris sasaxlis aReba“ meierholdis mier dadgmuli quCis sanaxaoba iyo, romelic mere misma mowafem filmad gaakeTa. `avro-ras~ gasrola da a. S., es yvelaferi sinamd-vileSi `blefia~. genetikurad ki, vfiqrob, kote marjaniSvilis STamomavali xarT. igi azrovnebiT kosmopoliti iyo. dRes, marTa-lia, zog-zogierTs am sityvis, cnebis mniS-vneloba ar esmis da cudi, boroti hgonia...

magram kosmopoliti ver gaxdebi, Tu Seni sakuTari ar giyvars (samSoblo, qveyana, ojaxi, adamiani zogadad)... ver gaxdebi, Tu siyvarulis gancda ar gagaCnia... Tqven sin-Tezuri Teatris saukeTeso forma SeqmeniT.

r. s. ici ra, es moxda absoluturad une-blied, Cemda uneburad, Cemda moulod-nelad. institutis periodSi davdgi ori piesa: erTi rumineli dramaturgis - kara-jales „batoni leonide reaqciis pirispir“. es iyo politikuri farsi, satira, mxolod ara politikosebze, aramed ubralo `obi-vatelze~. fabula am piesis aseTia: col-qmari iwvnen loginSi da eCvenebodaT, rom quCaSi xdeba revolucia. qmari (oTar zau-taSvili TamaSobda) memarcxene tipi iyo da Zilis win, rodesac dawvebodnen, sul ra-Rac mowinave lozungebs ambobda da Tavis meuRles rogorc auditorias, ise mou-wodebda, TiTqmis revoluciisken. loginSi roca dawvebodnen, quCaSi raRac srolebi, aurzauri atydeboda. eseni SeSindebod-nen, egonaT, daiwyo revolucia, mTeli Rame ar eZinaT, nivTebs alagebdnen CemodnebSi. mere, diliT, Semovidoda mosamsaxure da etyoda, rom mTvralebma waiCxubes quCaSi da araviTari revolucia ar aris... meore, turgenevis - „Zafi iq wydeba, sadac vi-wroa“. orive Zalian kargi speqtakli iyo, gansakuTrebiT turgenevi. aRmoCnda, rom institutSive ori ZiriTadi mimarTulebiT mqonda ukve namuSevari.

mere davdgi aq, rusTavelSi... Cveni amo-cana iyo - damedga realisturi speqtak-li. aviReT rozovis piesa „vaxSmobis win“. jansuR CarkvianTan erTad gadavamuSaveT, qarTul realobaSi gadmovitaneT da davd-gi, ase vTqvaT, yvelaze naturalisturs ver vityvi, magram yvelaze realisturi speq-takli. me aseTi realisturi speqtakli ar-sad minaxavs. TamaSobdnen: gogi qavTaraZe, bela mirianaSvili, erosi manjgalaZe, gogi gegeWkori, salome yanCeli, zina kverenCx-ilaZe - Semadgenloba iyo brwyinvale. may-urebelsac moswonda speqtakli, magram mivxvdi, rom me es ar minda. SemiZlia, magram ar minda da aRarasodes davubrundebi amas-meTqi. fici ki ar davde, magram rogorc xdeba xolme, Zalian rTulad gadavwyvite, rom es Cemi Teatri ar aris. me ar miyvars mosawyeni Teatri da cruinteleqtualuri Teatri. da, aqedan ukve daiwyo yvelaferi, rac Semdeg moxda.

Temurma... reJisoric individualuri adamiania da mas Tavisi biografia aqvs. re-Jisori cdilobs, Tavisi cxovreba asaxos speqtaklebSi, SemoqmedebaSi... mTeli is-

#5 2015


toriebi: deda, mama, kote... aman mainc raR-acnairad imoqmeda Temurze da man miSasgan aiRo is, rac miSasac hqonda Tavis speqtak-lebSi, magram miSa ufro Cemken meCveneboda, vidre iqiT.

rac Seexeba dodo aleqsiZes, man Semay-vara Teatri, rogorc dResaswauli. marjan-iSvilis gavlenac iqidan miviRe, Tu maqvs. danarCenisgan miviRe ufro axmeteliseuli. mamaCemi da sandros Svili klaselebi iyvnen. igi gviyveboda axmetelze maSin, roca akr-Zaluli iyo masze saubaric ki.

dodom Semaswavla sixalise, es TamaSis es-Tetika, is iyo ufro laRi. misi repeticiebi iyo ubrwyinvalesi, magram speqtaklebi bevrad Camouvardeboda im bednierebas, romelsac Cven vgrZnobdiT repeticiebze. mere dodos miaweres erovnuli poziciebi, romelic ar iyo misi. es iyo „baxtrioni“, „amirani“... is niWieri adamiani iyo, da iq iyo raRac niWieri elementebi. mere me da dodo Zalian davmegobrdiT, gia yanCelic damego-brda masTan, Zalian miyvarda es kaci. miSa TumaniSvilma gvaswavla xeloba - rogor unda dadga speqtakli. Cvenma kursma gamo-vacxadeT e. w. gaficva, protesti, moTx-ovniT, rom batoni miSa yofiliyo Cveni ped-agogi. es dali mumlaZis wignSic aris, da, adre SenTanac visaubre amis Sesaxeb. Zal-ian kargad maxsovs Cveni pirveli Sexvedra, fizkulturis darbazSi Cagvitarda pirve-li leqcia. CemTvis gaxda gasagebi, ra aris xeloba, bolomde ara, magram gagvagebina, ra aris Cveni profesia. batonma miSam udidesi roli iTamaSa Cvens SemoqmedebiT Camoyal-ibebaSi. mainc mgonia, rom gansxvaveba Cemsa da Temurs Soris aris individualebis, pirovnebebis gansxvaveba.

m. v. gasagebia, msoflmxedvelobis...r. s. xo, xo... is Sedevri me arasdros da-

maviwydeba - „guSindelni“. Cem dros rus-Tavelis TeatrSi ori Sedevri daidga: nana xatiskacis da ediSer maRalaSvilis „sibrZne-sicruisa“ da „guSindelni“. sx-vaTa Soris, maSin vigrZeni pirvelad Suri da mivxvdi, rom Surs Tu ar SevebrZole, viRupebi... erTxel, moskovSi, raRac ga-dacemaSi mimiwvies, maSin kaliaginTan speq-taklebi jer ar mqonda dadgmuli. 90-iani wlebis dasawyisi iyo da kaliagini mekiTxeba - Tqven gSurTo? magaliTad, piter brukis da a. S., CamoTvala cnobili reJisorebi. vu-pasuxe - ara, ar mSurs. me mSurs, Tu Cemi Tao-bis reJisorebi Cemze ufro karg speqtakls dadgamen-meTqi. da, rogor ebrZvi Surso? - mkiTxa. me vuTxari, axla warmoidgineT, rom tanSi maqvs ramdenime onkani da erT-

erTi Suris onkania - gavxsni da Suri iqidan gaedineba-meTqi. me mivageni SurTan brZo-lis xerxs, wamals - usaTuod unda aRiaro sajarod, rom es aris Sedevri. amis Semdeg Suri TavisTavad qreba, rogorc ki iwyeb ra-Racis bodials, raRacis Zebnas SesaniSnav speqtaklSi, morCa, iq ukve mTavrdeba yve-laferi.

m. v. maxsovs, es stilistika, romelic Sem-deg Tqven ganaviTareT, baton miSa Tuman-iSvils hqonda Tavis speqtaklebSi, magram kinaRam Caqoles amis gamo...

r. s. baton miSas es hqonda, magram kriti-kas Zalian aqcevda yuradRebas, kritika Trgunavda, uSlida, rac me ara maxasiaTebs, ubralod ojaxis gamo, ase gamzardes. is saSinlad ganicdida, depresiaSi varde-boda, roca gaakritikebdnen. marTalia, zogjer Zalian uxeSad akritikebdnen da didi brZolebic gadavitaneT masTan erTad. maSin studentebi viyaviT da Cven vicavdiT. maxsovs, Teatralur sazogadoebaSi ima-rTeboda plenumebi, es iyo xelCarTuli omebi, brZolebi.

Semdegi kiTxva?m. v. axla msaxiobebze gadavideT. sabedni-

erod, im Taobas vekuTvni, romelic - didi qarTveli msaxiobebis da reJisorebis na-muSevrebze aRizarda. scenaze myavs nan-axi da maTi Seqmnili saxeebi kargad maxs-ovs: akaki vasaZe, veriko anjafariZe, vaso goZiaSvili, sergo zaqariaZe, medea Caxava, salome yanCeli, marine Tbileli, lena yif-SiZe, ramaz CxikvaZe, gogi gegeWkori, erosi manjgalaZe, oTar meRvineTuxucesi, kote maxaraZe, sofiko Wiaureli, bela miria-naSvili da sxvebi... iyo periodi, rodesac vfiqrobdi, rom qarTuli Teatri nel-nela kvdeba, vinaidan msaxiobebs, reJisorebs ver vxedavdi. dRes, Cemi azriT, situacia radikalurad Seicvala, Zalian kargi, ni-Wieri, axalgazrda Taoba movida, rogorc samsaxiobo xelovnebaSi, aseve reJisura-Si. Tqven rogor ggoniaT, marTali var Tu ara? sxvebisgan gansxvavebiT, vfiqrob, rom Tqven msaxiobis gamoZerwvis ostati xarT. Tavad ramaz CxikvaZe ambobda, rom swored Tqvens speqtaklebSi gaxda is didi msaxio-bi... Semdeg TaobebSi - iza gigoSvili, Semdeg nino kasraZe, zaza papuaSvili... dRes beso zangurTan muSaobT. axalkursdamTavre-bulebic miiReT TeatrSi - naTia kvaSali, TamTa inaSvili; laSa juxaraSvili da gega CxaiZe ki „iulius keisarSi“ ukve aTamaSeT - personaJebi da tipaJebic SeaqmnevineT. amis Sesaxeb visaubroT...

r. s. iseTi mkacri da sastiki dro dadga,


#5 2015

vfiqrob, msaxiobebi bunebrivad ufro vaJka-curi tipebi arian. adre, Cven „zooparkSi“ vcxovrobdiT, sadac gvaWmevdnen, gvasmevd-nen (axla Cems Taobaze vlaparakob) da mere junglSi gagviSves. Cven kargad ar vicodiT, rogor unda gveSova „sakvebi“ (sulier sakvebs vgulisxmob), nadiroba ar vicodiT. axla, am Taobas vatyob, rom ufro kacuri tipebi arian (rasakvirvelia, meore mxarec aris). am profesias sWirdeba fanatikuri vaJkacoba da amave dros is codna, romel-ic niWierma msaxiobebma SeiZleba SeiZinon, am Taobas ki gamocdilebiT aqvs miRebuli. SeiZleba 90-iani wlebis mere an im period-Si arian dabadebulebi, da amitom mgonia, rom ufro mets xedaven. karg filmebs rom uyureb, raRacas aiReb iqidan, Tu ar aiReb, mixvdebi, rom Secvlilia dro da ukve ise TamaSi, rogorc TamaSobdnen, ar gamodis. raRacis Zebna aris saWiro. Cemi magistran-tebi akavebdnen axalgazrda msaxiobebs da rom vuyurebdi, mikvirda, ramdenad win iyvnen, Cemi Taobis xalxTan SedarebiT. me ase vxsni amas, SeiZleba vcdebi. saerTod, qarTveli kaci bunebiT artistulia. ar-tistizmi genetikurad devs CvenSi, roca es dakavSirebulia cxovrebasTan, brZo-lasTan... ufro vnebianebi arian, raRacis ar rcxveniaT. morcxvoba uSlis msaxiobs, aq ar vgulisxmob scenaze gaxda-Cacmas. bolos da bolos, kaci, msaxiobi gamodis scenaze da Tavis Tavze laparakobs, raRacnairad mainc SiSvldeba. is Tvisebebi, romelTac is avlens scenaze, masSi unda arsebobdes.

konkurenciac ufro gazrdilia. Sen Tu ucbad ver moaswari ramis gakeTeba, mere da-giviwyeben. sul veubnebi msaxiobebs: patara roliT daginaxavs reJisori. magaliTad, karlo sakandeliZe mixeil TumaniSvilis „espanel mRvdelSi“ sasamarTlos pristavis roliT davimaxsovre - marto erTi replika hqonda, aCumebda darbazs. mosamarTlis araobieqturobis gamo aRelvebuli may-urebeli xmaurobda. sakandeliZe-pristavi ambobda: Cumad, Cumad. es, 6-jer naTqvami - Cumad-Cumad, karlo sakandeliZe pristavis epizodur rolSi, merCivna mTavari rolebis Semsruleblebs. axalgazrdebi cdiloben. axla, juxaras (levan juxaraSvili) da be-qasac veCxube „iuliusze“ muSaobis dros - geZlevaT saSualeba, rom raRac gaakeToT - teqstebs rogor ver imaxsovrebT-meTqi. ra imxela teqstebi aqvT, rom ver daimaxsov-ron, SeeZloT ukeTesad gaekeTebinaT - niWi-eri xalxia.

m. v. axali speqtaklia, sul 2-3 jer iTa-maSes, mere Cajdeba, albaT. me ar miyvars

premieraze speqtaklis naxva, ra Tqma unda, movdivar da vnaxulob, magram speqtakli Camoyalibebul, srulyofil saxes mainc 8-10 jer naTamaSebi warmodgenis mere iRebs.

r. s. Tan Zalian swrafad gavakeTeT. bolo periodis muSaoba sul 2 kvira gagrZelda. manamde piesaze vmuSaobdiT.

m. v. „iulius keisarze“ mogvianebiT vi-saubroT. axla, argentinaSi dadgmul iu-jin o’nilis „eleqtras uxdeba ZaZebze“ mo-miyeviT. vici, rom es didi trilogia Tqven saaTsa da 40 wuTSi CaatieT.

r. s. marTali xar. ici ra, am piesis wak-iTxva rolebis mixedviT ar SeiZleba. piesis kiTxvaze erTi kvira daixarjeboda. amitom, iq myavs erTi qalbatoni - patricia zan-garo, romelic inglisuris specialistia, Seqspiris piesebs Targmnis. is mexmareboda xolme da Zalian davmegobrdiT. axlac, san-am daviwyebdiT repeticiebs, moviTxove ori kvira da erTad gavakeTeT mokle varianti. praqtikulad, Cven ar gamovtoveT arc erTi scena. ubralod, ar viTamaSeT bolo nawili - eriniebi. mis nacvlad patara scena movi-fiqre, trilogiis es uzarmazari 6-aqtiani mesame nawili Secvala erTma gavlam. Teat-ri „ET CETERA“ miwveuli iyo sagastrolod buenos-airesSi, Cem mier dadgmuli „qariSx-liT“, Zalian didi warmatebiT Caiara da speqtaklis mere meubnebian - qvemoT Camod-iT, msaxiobebma da Teatralurma sazoga-doebam raRac mogiZRvneso. Cavedi, damxvda uzarmazari ori didi baneri fotokola-JebiT - Cemi biografiiT, yvelgan dadg-muli speqtaklebiT. argentinis kulturis ministri, Teatris yvela warmomadgeneli, msaxiobebi iyvnen mosulebi da Zalian kar-gi saRamo gamimarTes uzarmazar darbazSi, mere banketic iyo. rusebi gagiJdnen, aseTi popularuli rom viyavi iq, ar egonaT.

sxvaTa Soris, SeiZleba Camovidnen, mosk-ovSi apireben Camosvlas sapasuxo vizitiT 2016 wlis seqtemberSi. molaparakeba ukve Sedga. argentinam Zalian didi fuli daxar-ja am gastrolze da axla sapasuxo gastro-li unda Catardes. da, mere, Zalian undaT TbilisSi Camosvla - erTi an ori speqtak-liT.

rogori iyo axla es speqtakli („eleqtras uxdeba ZaZebi“)? yvelaze dramatul scenebze xalxi icinoda. tragikuli farsi - es, Cemi usayvarlesi Janria. ar movelodi, Zalian magari, kargi dekoracia gamikeTa mxatvarma - gabriel kaputom. argentineli axalgazrda biWia. adrec gvimuSavia er-Tad. man dekoracia minimalisturi xerxe-biT gaakeTa. „san martinis Teatris“ scena,

#5 2015


sadac davdgi speqtakli, hgavs berZnul am-fiTeatrs. mxatvarma skene gadaWra Zalian lamazad. o’nilis piesaSi, troas omis nacv-lad, moqmedeba amerikis samoqalaqo omis periodis Semdgom xdeba. speqtaklSi ZiriT-adi aqcenti iyo msaxiobebze. minimaluri de-koracia, praqtikulad, iq arafers exmare-boda, is ar qmnida atmosferos. araviTari efeqtebi ar gamodioda da arc gamikeTebia, garda qorosi, romelic kargad movifiqre, da msaxiobebic Zalian kargad TamaSobdnen. didi popularobiT sargeblobda es speq-takli, miiRo 5 erovnuli premia. marTalia, wina speqtaklma - brextis „arturo uis ka-rieram“ ufro meti miiRo. nu, meti ra unda mogiyveT speqtaklze, Janri tragifarsia. albaT, Camovlen argentinelebi da naxavT, Tu ar naxavT, mere mogiyvebiT...

m. v. rodesac paata guliaSvilma Semog-Ta vazaT, rom raRac piesa agerCiaT da dagedgaT Telavis TeatrSi, klaisti ratom airCieT? me Cemi mosazreba maqvs, da es Cems recenziaSi davwere kidec. magram, sanam idgmeboda speqtakli, iyo aseTi saubaric - ra dros klaistia? me meRimeboda, vinaid-an, TeatralurSi swavlis dros, myavda araCveulebrivi pedagogi, qalbatoni elene TofuriZe...

r. s. vici, araCveulebrivi qalbatoni iyo. Tqven Zalian kargi saqme gaakeTeT, misi wignebi rom dabeWdeT.

m. v. man wagvakiTxa - dramaturgiis arse-bobis sawyisebidan moyolebuli, Taname-drove piesebiT damTavrebuli, TiTqmis yvelaferi, isic, rac maSin jer kidev ar iyo Targmnili, Tavad Targmnida da mohqonda. wagvakiTxa yvelaferi is, rasac teqstebi hqvia, TiTqmis yvelaferi.

davubrundeT klaists. ratom airCieT es piesa dasadgmelad? Tqven ras metyviT?

r. s. klaisti germaniaSi unda damedga. di u seldorfis Teatris intendantma Se-momTavaza, - vTxove, moeca rame kargi ger-manuli piesa. man miTxra, rom aris aseTi, romelsac germanelebi idealurad miiCne-ven, yvelafers moicavso - socialur, poli-tikur movlenebs da agebulebac unika-luriao. wamakiTxa, Zalian cudi rusuli Targmani iyo da maincdamainc ar momewona.

m. v. germanelebs oqros fondSi aqvT Se-tanili.

r. s. diax. mere, wavikiTxeT me da niku-Sa SveliZem, mivxvdiT, rom raRacnairad mniSvnelovania dRes CvenTvis es piesa da gaJRerdeba kidec. Tanac gaZlevs Tavisuf-lebas, ar iqneba pirdapiri da avirCieT. mar-Tali giTxra, vRelavdi, rom SeiZleba ver

iTamaSon da ar gamovides, magram araCveu-lebrivad gaarTves Tavi msaxiobebma. miri-anmac (SveliZe) Zalian kargad moifiqra de-koracia.

m. v. me aRfrTovanebuli davrCi. msaxi-o be bic zustad mixvdnen Tqven mier mice-mul amocanebs da asruleben kidec. sxvaTa Soris, klaists rac Seexeba, Tomas mani, romelic giJdeboda goeTeze, Tavis wer-ilebSi „sayvedurobs“ mas kidec, rom man ver dainaxa, ver daafasa, ver amoicno klaistSi didi mwerali.

r. s. germaniSi, hamburgSi misi piesa-zRa-pris mixedviT vnaxe speqtakli - „ketxeni heilbornidan, anu cecxliT gamocda?“ - araCveulebrivi dadgma iyo, romantikuli. am piesaSi ki romantikuloba naklebad aris.

m. v. diax, am piesaSi romantika saerTod ar aris, es Tqven gaakeTeT araCveulebrivad romantikuli scenebi.

r. s. saocreba vnaxe iq, germaniaSi. xolo, „princi homburgi“ zRapruli piesaa.

m. v. davubrundeT Seqspirs, am udides ge-nioss. vTvli, rom dramaturgiaSi arsebu-li yvela mimdinareoba, mimarTuleba, rac Seqspiris Semdgom Seqmnila, mis Semoqmede-baSi ukve arsebobda... fsiqologiuri drama, egzistencialuri, absurdi, dRes ase mo-duri socialuri, dokumenturi da a.S. misi yoveli piesa SegiZlia aiRo da nebismieri Teatraluri formiT gaakeTo. „iulius keisari“ - saqarTveloSi dadgmuli Tqveni meeqvse Seqspiria: „riCard mesame“, „mefe liri“, „makbeti“, „Sobis meTormete Rame“, „hamleti“ da „iulius keisari - fragmente-bi“. sazRvargareT dadgmuli Seqspirebidan, me mxolod „qariSxali“ maqvs nanaxi. Tvla ameria, 37 piesidan ukve ramdeni dadgiT? bolo Cveni Sexvedris dros Tqven miTxariT, rom - 17. ori wlis win, Tu ar vcdebi, Tqven `ET CETERA“-Si dadgiT „SecdomaTa kome-dia“, sul axlaxans ki rusTavelis TeatrSi fragmentebi „iulius keisridan“. Ralati, arCevanis gakeTeba... adamiani Tu saxelmwi-fo - ra aris mTavari? Seqspirologebis azriT, es piesa Seqspirma Tavisi cxovrebis umZimes periodSi dawera, „hamletis“ Sem-deg. faseulobaTa gadafaseba xdeboda mis cnobierebaSio...

r. s. mec ukve davibeni am ricxvSi, mgoni Seqspiris ukve 21 piesa davdgi.

m. v. es axali dadgma samjer vnaxe. pir-veli naxvisTanave mivxvdi, risi Tqma gindo-daT da diaxac, es 2,5 moqmedeba, reJisoris saTqmelis gadmosacemad absoluturad sakmarisi iyo. mayurebelTa darbazSi Se-mosvlisTanave, rodesac CamoSvebuli


#5 2015

fardis win, avanscenis SuagulSi buStze gamosaxuli Seqspiris „portreti“ davinaxe, Tavze gvirgviniT, aqeT-iqiT dekoraciis nawilebi - Camongreuli loJis natexi, kasri warweriT - Roma, da a.S. imwuTSive mivxvdi, ra stilistikaSi iqneboda gakeTebuli speq-takli, rom es iqneboda bufonada, me ase aRviqvi.

r. s. sworad aRiqvi.m. v. araCveulebrivi ganaTeba gaqvT gake-

Tebuli. „qariSxali“ rodesac CamoitaneT, iq aparaturac Camohyva moskovelebis speq-takls, ara? da me vici, rom rusTavelis Te-atrs aseTi ganaTebis aparatura, mgoni, ara aqvs.

r. s. ki, marTali xar. magram is teqnika, rac im speqtaklSi aris gamoyenebuli, Zal-ian martivia. iqac, argentinaSi gvekiTxe-bodnen - ra teqnika gaqvT aseTi. veubnebodi, rom araferi rTuli teqnika ar aris. aris kompiuteri Tavisi saproeqcioTi da erTx-el lazeria gamoyenebuli, rodesac prospe-ro wres xazavs. danarCeni Zalian martivad aris gakeTebuli.

m. v. marTla? raRac momentSi, speqtaklSi zRvis efeqti isea gakeTebuli, gegoneba, Senze, mayurebelze, axla zRva gadmova... 3D-s efeqtis msgavsad.

r. s. ki aris erT adgilas msgavsi efeqti. me, axla, ase dakvirvebiT ukve aRar vuy-ureb, daClungebuli var...

m. v. ras ambobT, daClungebuli ki ara, `feisbukze~ davwere kidec, „iuliusis“ pre-mieris Semdeg, rom aseTi fantaziis unari bevr axalgazrdasac ki SeSurdeba-meTqi. ratom aiReT es piesa dasadgmelad? ukve didi xania am piesis dadgmaze fiqrobT. adre miTxariT, rom daTo doiaSvilsac Ses-TavazeT erTad muSaoba, TiTqos raRac mo-laparakebac gqondaT. vgoneb, ukve 2 welia fiqrobT am piesaze.

r. s. xo, ici, miSas hqonda dadgmuli es piesa aq, rusTavelis TeatrSi.

m. v. magram, vgoneb, ar gamouvida, yovel SemTxvevaSi, ase werdnen.

r. s. ara, ar gamovida is speqtakli, me vi-tyodi - cudic iyo. brZolebi iyo, raRac saSineli, butaforiuli da mere meore nax-evari...

ici, ubralod mgonia, rom Seqspirma Sei-Zleba pirvelma Tqva - boroteba daisjeba. ucnauria SeqspirisTvis amisi Tqma. da, radganac pirvelma Tqva, Semdgomma drama-turgiam, mwerlobam am Temas miuZRvnes gen-ialuri nawarmoebebi, magaliTad, dosto-evskim... magaliTad, amerikuli filmebi, iq mkvleli aucileblad isjeba, ise cenzura

ar gauSvebs da TviTonac ar undaT. da, ami-tom, is mxare, 2,5 aqti movacile, sadac iw-yeba laparaki - rogor daisaja yvela.

m. v. axla, Seqspirologebi bevrs msje-l o ben Seqspiris identobaze. CemTvis, ma-galiTad, sulerTia, vin iyo Seqspiri, iyo viRac adamiani, romelic qmnida aseT gen-ialur piesebs, sonetebs. Seqspirologe-bis mixedviT, „iulius keisari“ daiwera misi cxovrebis urTules, faseulobaTa gada-fasebis periodSi. amis sam Tu oTx mizezs asaxeleben - elisabed dedoflis winaaRm-deg SeTqmuli, misi eseqseli da sauThamp-toneli megobrebis gamoaSkaravebas, e. w. „Savi qalbatonisadmi“ uiRblo siyvaruls, mamis, Svilis gardacvalebas. Ralatis, SeTqmulebis Temebis win wamoweva aris „ham-letSic“ da „iulius keisarSic“. risTvis Rirs cxovreba da ra aris saerTod adami-anuri cxovreba, es filosofiuri midgoma cxovrebisadmi aris asaxuli „iuliusSi“ da manamde „hamletSi“. Tqveni speqtaklic, principSi aris Ralatze. marTalia, iuliu-si ibrZvis ZalauflebisTvis, magram Zalau-flebiT, samefo gvirgviniT, nino arseniS-vilis merlin monros tipaJad gamoyvanili kalfurnia ufro tkbeba. meuRlis mosal-odneli gamefeba mas iuliusze metad surs da uxaria. Rirs ki saxelmwifo wyobisTvis, romelic ukve isedac ganwirulia dasangre-vad, adamianis gawirva? Rirs ki uRalato im adamians (brutuss vgulisxmob), vinc Sen gagzarda, bevri mogca...

r. s. SesaZloa, Seni mamac iyo, Seqspirs es xazi rbilad, magram aqvs. me meCveneba, rom... Seqspirs mag periodSi gardaecvala Svili, biWi, romelsac erqva saxelis - hamleti - nairsaxeoba - hamneti... Zlieri travma gadai-tana Seqspirma. 1957-58 w.w. stalini axali mkvdari iyo da baton miSas Tavis dadgmaSi gamouvida, rom jobia iyos stalini, vidre ebrZolo aseT adamians. hamletis tragedia imaSia, rom man Tu daiwyo SurisZieba da mok-la kaci, is ukve borotebis banakSi gadadis.

m. v. da, Tavadac isjeba am borotebisTvis.r. s. diax, da is aRar aris hamleti, rome-

lic ibrZvis patiosnebisTvis, raRac ide-alebisTvis... da, amitom uWirs iq gadasvla. kargad aqvs Seqspirs es mofiqrebuli, jer klavs poloniuss - Seyvarebulis mamas, mere klavs Tavis or uaxloes megobars - rozenk-rancs da gildernsterns, mere mixvda, rom Zalian Setopilia am borotebaSi da SeCereba gadawyvita, unda moaxerxos da daubrundes Tavis normalur cxovrebas. ver ubrundeba da borotdeba. Tumca, obieqturad, dasaja mkvleli - Tavisi biZa, naTesavi.

#5 2015


ici, „iuliusi“ raze davdgi? roca muSaob, piesa TavisiT wagaTrevs sxvagan. ise, rom Seni Canafiqri gaviwydeba, imitom rom vlindeba kanonebi - piesis da speq-taklis. da Sen emorCilebi rogorc mari-oneti. magaliTad, „iuliusis“ personaJTa kostiumebi. es metafora, jer brextis mier dawyebuli „samgroSianSi“ da mere kopolas filmSi „naTlia“, ukve kargad daamuSava kacobriobam. primitiulad rom vTqva, pa-raleli - politikosebis da banditebis. magram, am banditebsac sWirdebaT erTi wesieri kaci, rom Tavi imarTlon. SeiZleba nervebic eSlebaT, rom es wesieri adamiani dasvrili ar aris da undaT, rom gasvaron. da, am kacsac iluzia eqmneba, rom es raRacas moutans, magram rogorc revoluciebs ar moaqvT sikeTe, aseve aqac, SeTqmulebas da Ralats aravisTvis ar moaqvs sikeTe.

m. v. brutusi sul WoWmanobs. es didi daS-niT mizanscena fantastikurad gaqvT plas-tikaSi gadawyvetili. sasiyvarulo scenac Zalian lamazad gaqvT gakeTebuli. is gawiravs yvelas - cols, Svils... da risTvis wiravs? sabolood arafrisTvis, es wyoba mainc ingreva...

Tqven winaswarmetyvelebis ucnauri niWi gaqvT, es, albaT, geniosebs axasiaTebT. 1 iv-niss premiera iyo da 13-Si waileka naxevari Tbilisi... da lomis momenti, romelic ase xazgasmuli gaqvT speqtaklSi... im periodSi, TbilisSi aseTi ambavi moxda, Tqven maSin aq ar iyaviT. erTi vefxvi, romelmac daglija adamiani, mokles. mere atyda panika, rom TbilisSi raRac miTiuri vefxvi daiareba.

r. s. cota mogvianebiT, rusTavelis Te-atrSi iyo SevardnaZeze dokumenturi filmis Cveneba. wamovida wvima. wvima rom daiwyo, gareT gamovedi, vnaxav, ra xdeba qalaqSi-meTqi. xalxi Tavqudmoglejili garboda saxlebSi, wvima sakmaod Zlieri wamovida, magram xanmokle. mTeli darbazi gadaWedili iyo, wvimis dawyebis Semdeg ki TiTqmis daicala, SeSinebuli xalxi saxleb-Si gavarda...

m. v. Weqa-quxili refrenad gasdevs mTel spe qtakls, raRac gadamwyvet momentebSi Weqa-quxilis xma ismis... iuliusi ki, momen-tebSi TiTqos bavSvic aris...

r. s. ki, bavSvic aris...m. v. me ase aRviqvi.r. s. ki, ki...m. v. ar mesmis, xalxis nawilma ratom ver

aRiqva... iciT, kargad maxsovs, „kavkasiuri carcis wre“ 1975 w. dadgiT. maSinac azri orad gaiyo. SeiZleba iTqvas, radikalurad orad gaiyo - zogs Zalian moewona da zogs ki

kategoriulad ar moewona. me maSin 11 wlis viyavi da merec, ramdenjer maqvs es speq-takli nanaxi, vin moTvlis. CemTvis ki „kav-kasiuri“ aris is speqtakli da is Teatri, romelic me Zalian miyvars.

r. s. mets getyvi, „yvaryvares“ Semdeg ar davdgi? „yvaryvaresTan“ dakavSirebuli skandalebi xom ici. vika siraZe ici? - mami-daCemi, mamaCemis deidaSvili, Zalian axlo naTesavi. xoda, naxa speqtakli, wavida ck-Si da biuroze SevardnaZe ekiTxeba - rogori speqtaklia „kavkasiurio“? mamidaCemma ki upasuxa - isev Cven winaaRmdeg dadga stu-ruam speqtaklio... SevardnaZes ase gauqne-via Tavi... mere movida, naxa, da miTxra: ras gerCis es mamidaSenio... aris iq raRac min-iSnebebi, magram ara pirdapiri. „yvaryvar-eSi“ pirdapiri iyo, „yvaryvares“ SeiZleba plakatic vuwodoT. imdenad pirdapir iyo yvelaferi naTqvami, magram gadamarCina qristes paralelma - antiqristem, romelic specialurad imeorebs qristes gzas, rom xalxi miizidos...

m. v. „kavkasiuri“ iciT, ratom miyvars ga-morCeulad? imitom rom sikeTeze, siyvar-ulzea, ki, iqac aris es momentebi...

r. s. magram mTavari ar aris.m. v. ar aris ara, iq mTavaria, rom xalxma

si keTe unda Tesos da icxovros siyvaruliT.ori dRis win damTavrda konkursi axalgazr-

da dramaturgTa gamosavlenad. es proeqti ganaxorcieleT qalbaton manana anTaZesTan, araCveulebriv mTargmnelTan, TumaniSvilis fondis damfuZnebelTan erTad. igi yovel-wliurad atarebs axali qarTuli piesis ga-mosavlenad konkurss. Zalian karg saqmes akeT-ebs qarTuli dramaturgiis ganviTarebisa da xelSewyobisaTvis. masTan ukve namuSevari xarT, Tqven misi Targmnili maknelis „maria ka-lasi masterklasi“ dadgiT. axla, gamoavlineT sami saukeTeso piesa da maT sami axalgazrda reJisori dadgams Tqveni xelmZRvanelobiT. ra principiT aarCieT es sami piesa da ra aris TqvenTvis mTavari dramaturgiaSi? erTxel miTxariT, deteqtiurobis momenti aucile-blad unda iyoso. preskonferenciaze Tqven isaubreT imis Sesaxebac, rom ratomRac qar-Tuli dramaturgia ar ganviTarda da axseniT imiT, rom dramaturgiis ganviTarebisTvis saWiroa, raRac TvalsazrisiT mainc, qveya-naSi simSvide sufevdes. axla, Zalian bevri axali piesa iwereba, axalgazrdebma daiwyes wera. aTasi mimdinareobaa dRes. vTvli, rom Tanamedrove evropuli dramaturgia, yovel SemTxvevaSi, rac wakiTxuli maqvs, Zalian sain-teresoa. Tundac, erT mTlian teqstad gakeT-ebuli piesebi. CvenTan, mainc, jer sqematur


#5 2015

donezea, ver Cadian siRrmeebSi, rac ucxoel dramaturgebs, gansakuTrebiT frangebs aqvT, sxvaTa Soris - qalebsac.

r. s. pirvelad, erT teqstad dawerili, hainer miuleris piesa wavikiTxe. mere vnaxe, misive Zalian kargi piesa - „kvarteti“. Sod-erlo de laklos „saSiSi kavSirebis“ mixed-viT. franguli literaturaa me-18 sauku-nis, romania werilebSi. institutSi rusuli literaturis pedagogi myavda, rusudan miqelaZe, biblioTekis gamgec iyo, iman wa-makiTxa, giJdeboda am romanze. am nawarmoe-bis mixedviT ori filmia gadaRebuli, erTi Cexma - miloS formanma gadaiRo.

m. v. Tqven preskonferenciaze TqviT, rom konkursSi gamarjvebuli sami axalgazrda dramaturgis piesas dadgams sami axalgazr-da reJisori, Tqven uxelmZRvanelebT am dadgmebs?

r. s. jer iqneba piesebis kiTxva, 5 piesas wavikiTxavT. moisminon imaTac, Seitanon ra-Rac garkveuli koreqtivebi, me vTxove, rom manamdec SeetanaT Sesworebebi. erTi, sara keinis tipis piesaa, mxolod homoseqsualze. cota miCqmalulia, eSinia mainc biWs, ai, rom eSinia, amis gamo ar gamouvida, magram Cven mainc wasakiTxad avirCieT. yvelaze Zalian momewona lile Sengelias piesa norvegiel mweral qalze - dagni iulze, poloneli fSibiSevskis coli da munkis muza rom iyo, bevr cnobil adamians uyvarda da aq, Tbi-lisSi, mokla qarTvelma. piesa iwyeba polo-neTSi da mere grZeldeba TbilisSi. mar-Talia, Zalian realisturadaa dawerili, fsiqologiurad, mainc ara uSavda. kidev erT piesas ara uSavda, nanuka sefaSvilis - „genmodifikacia“ da mesame, konstantine lorTqifaniZis - „me luka mqvia“, ori wlis win dauweria, guSin gamotyda. kargia, ma-gram me mgonia, rom ara aqvT Temebi, ai, raze weron, kargad ar ician, vfiqrob, es ar exeba marto qarTvelebs. iqac, ucxoeTSic raRaca problema aqvT, ver weren iseT piesebs, rom Sen SeiZleba gagiJde, raRac axali gza dain-axo, vinaidan, mainc ufro dramaturgia qm-nis Teatrs, vidre reJisura. reJisorebmac daiwyes dramaturgoba, iReben piesebs da amuSaveben, rogorc amuSaveben, davuSvaT, berZnul miTebs. axla, roca „hamletze“ midixar, Sen unda icode, rom es ar iqneba Se-qspiris „hamleti“, es iqneba am kacis, am re-Jisoris versia.

m. v. diax, magaliTad, korSunovasis „ro-meo da julietas“ moqmedeba piceriaSi iyo gadmotanili, maia kleCevskas „makbetSi“ mo-qmedeba me-20 saukunis 70-ian wlebSi mimdin-areobda, garemocvas ki italieli mafioze-

bis klani warmoadgenda da a. S.kidev erTi SekiTxva, erTxel Tqven gyavdaT

samagistro jgufi, im dRes ambobdiT, rom ax-algazrdebTan urTierToba gavsebT axali ideebiT... ratom aRar agyavT an samagistro, an sadoqtoro jgufi, rom Tqveni codna ga-dasceT, gazardoT, Tundac Tqven repeticie-bze daaswroT ubralod... gasagebia, rom baka-lavrebTan muSaoba SeiZleba gezarebaT, anu, ana-banadan dawyeba. Teatrisa da kinos uni-versiteti, es xom, Tavis droze, 20-ian wlebSi, jer kidev marjaniSvilis dros daarsebuli studiis bazazea Seqmnili?

r. s. ici, raSia saqme? jer erTi, moTmi-nebis niWi ara maqvs - anu, ZiriTadi Tvise-ba pedagogis. xarjav energias, romelic damexarjeboda 10 speqtaklze muSaobisas, da gadavwyvite, rom... batoni miSa pedago-gi iyo Tavisi mowodebiT, uyvarda es saqme. garkveulwilad Cems xelobaSic Sedis pedagogikis elementebi, mec xom vmuSaob msaxiobebTan. rogorc, preskonferenci-aze vTqvi, me cduneba maqvs, rom myavdes Tundac magistrantebi, rom bavSvebSi, ax-algazrdebSi arsebul ideebs ar CamovrCe. isini SeiZleba sityvierad ver gadmoscemen Tavis Sexedulebas cxovrebaze. pedagogi gaswavlis, magram Sengan SeiZleba mets iRebs. bevri ram, mere mivxvdi, batonma miSam Cvenganac aiRo. da, kidev erTi ram, rodesac aswavli, unda gqondes iseTi fsiqologiuri niRabi, rom Sen yvelaferi ici. Tu es ara gaqvs, maSin mowafe daeWvdeba Sens codnaSi. amas, yvelafrismcodneobas, jer TamaSob, magram mere es niRabi xdeba Seni arsi, da, Sen ukve marTla ggonia, rom ukve yvelaferi ici da wyvet ganviTarebas. marsel marsos cnobili etiudi iyo: „niRabi“ - saxeze xe-lis CamosmiT sxvadasxva niRabs irgebda. Zalian Cqara cvlida niRbebs da uecrad, raRac saSineli borotebis niRabs miidebs da veRar icilebs. ai, ase veRar icileben reJisorebi, romlebic aswavlian, ambiciebs ki ara, rogor giTxra - darwmunebulebi ar-ian, rom yvelaferi ician da TiTqos wydeba maTi ganviTareba. es vigrZeni, rom vtyuodi, yvelaferi xom ar vici, ara? mere vTamaSob, rom vici da raRaceebs vuxsni. erTxel in-glisSi, „sam das“ rom vdgamdi, iq am gogoe-bis gardacvlili mamaa „brigadis generali“ (Бригадный генерал), SekiTxva damisves - ra aris „brigadis generali“, azrze ara var da daviwye fantaziebi, eseni mismenen, mismenen, raRaceebi avuxseni, movuyevi, mere aRmoC-nda, rom TiTqmis marTali iyo. aq rom Cam-ovedi, vikiTxe. cotas SeiZleba vameteb... imitom rom, Sinaganad mainc vamCnev - Si-

#5 2015


nagani TviTdajerebuloba, kmayofileba dameufla, es cudia. dedaCemis da mamaCemis naCuqari Tvisebebi ar minda davkargo, mo-viSoro. sul eWvis qveS unda iyo sakuTari Tavis mimarT. erTxel, merve Tu mecxre klasSi viyavi, Cumad movwie papirosi da de-daCemi meubneba, dedaCemic eweoda, gamodi axla tualetidan, mand nu ewevio. me vuTx-ari - uxerxulia SenTan moweva. - biWo, me me-ore klasidan daviwye mowevao. Turme mar-Tla iseTi xuligani yofila. dedaCemi da biWiko CxeiZe erT klasSi iyvnen. fotoebi gvaqvs, sxedan sololakSi, erT-erT safexu-rze da dedaCems, biWurad Cacmuls, pirSi papirosi aqvs gaCrili.

m. v. rogorc mivxvdi, pedagogoba mainc ar gindaT.

r. s. ici ra, maSin me unda avirCio.m. v. arCevani gaakeToT, gasagebia...r. s. ai, axla, Temurma xo gaakeTa saxelos-

no ...m. v. diax, adrec hyavda baton Temurs amg-

vari jgufi, rogorc maxsovs...r. s. ki, ki - hyavda. m. v. da, bolo SekiTxva. amdeni welia rus-

Tavelis TeatrSi xarT... ar mogbezrdaT es sivrce, atmosfero? eZebT Tqvens Sem-cvlels da vis moiazrebT... am bolo xans sxvadasxva Wori gavrcelda... rom eZebT viRacas, visac moiyvanT da is Tqveni Semcv-leli iqneba. es Wori ori welia aqtiurad musirebs. xan amboben suyoze (daviT sayvare-liZe), xan - doize (daviT doiaSvili). pir-dapir gekiTxebiT: marTla eZebT viRacas, vinc Tqven SegcvliT?! me mainc mgonia, rom Tqven ukve imdeni xania am sivrceSi xarT, raRac TvalsazrisiT ukve mobezrebulic gaqvT, amitomac gindaT sxvagan waxvideT, iq dadgaT, gainteresebT siaxle, axal msax-iobebTan muSaoba, axal atmosferoSi, axal sivrceSi speqtaklis gakeTeba da vinme rom iyos, aq, Tqven gverdiT, roca Tqven argen-tinaSi iqnebiT, moskovSi, londonsa Tu ger-maniaSi da a. S. roca Tqven ar iqnebiT, Te-atrs waruZRveba SemoqmedebiTi, mxatvruli

TvalsazrisiT, dadgams speqtaklebs... rodesac dabrundiT rusTavelis TeatrSi, ratom ar gaatareT radikaluri cvlile-bebi SemoqmedebiTi Tu administraciuli gundis ganaxlebis TvalsazrisiT? Tqven gindodaT es, Tqven amas werdiT, ambobdiT.

r. s. diax, magram albaT Zala ar meyo. ra-Rac ideebi maqvs.

m. v. jer ar gagvandobT?r. s. jer ara, magram wlis bolomde minda

ganvaxorcielo. speqtaklis dadgma erTia, magram TviTon Teatrs - raRac damyaye-buloba etyoba. ai, guSin vnaxe speqtaklis eskizebi, romelic idgmeba mcire scenaze. xval, albaT, Seval, Zalian kargi msaxiobebi TamaSoben da raRac unda movaxerxo, imi-tom rom amdeni imuSaves da codoa, ase, rom movxsna da gadavagdo.

rasakvirvelia, aq unda iyos, pirvel rig-Si, kargi reJisori. me moskovSi viyavi, rode-sac damabrunes rusTavelis TeatrSi. im pe-riodSi suyoc (daviT sayvareliZe) iq iyo. me maSin mas SevTavaze rusTavelis Teatris direqtoroba. magram garkveul mizezTa gamo uari miTxra... maSin moxsnes operisa da baletis Teatris direqtorobidan. vuTx-ari, gadmodi CvenTan-meTqi. ara, axla ar gamovao... uaxloes momavalSi suyo apirebs CvenTan speqtaklis dadgmas, ukve muSaobs. mere kidev moviyvan viRaceebs da davadg-mevineb. minda ucxoeTidanac davpatiJo, ai, ici, vin minda, bulgareli rom aris - mor-fovi, ruseTSic moRvaweobda. misma „don Juanma“ aiRo „oqros niRabi“. bulgareTSic viyavi da vnaxe misi speqtaklebi, Zalian saintereso reJisoria, isic daxetialobs mTel msoflioSi. da, kidev minda vinme avan-gardisti reJisori moviwvio dasadgmelad, vTqvaT, ingliseli.

mgoni, Zalian mosawyeni respodenti vi-yavi...

m. v. ara, ras ambobT, me mgonia, piriqiT, Zalian saintereso saubari gamogvivida. uR-rmesi madloba da vimedovneb, rom raRac pe-riodis Semdeg, isev SevxvdebiT sasaubrod.


#5 2015

Tanamedrove damoukidebeli televiziis struqtura, warmoeba da kreativi

maia kikabiZe Tanamedrove sazogadoebisTvis televizia is naTeli movlenaa, romelic warmoadgens

kacobriobisTvis informaciis miRebis erTerT uZlieres globalur saSualebas. poli-tikuri, kulturuli, samecniero-SemecnebiTi, saganmanaTleblo da sxva sferoebiT. satelevizio sivrcis arsebobidan daaxloebiT naxevar saukuneze meti gavida, teqnikuri ganviTarebis progresirebiT dRevandeli mediis formebi da xarisxi daujereblad, magram realurad Seicvala. pirveli Tanamgzavris gaSvebidan SesamCnevad gasul droSi dRevan-deli televizia telemayurebels gamzadebul informacias awvdis msoflios nebismieri kuTxidan, rac badebs axal azrovnebas, ayalibebs telemayurebels da satelevizio sivrc-es Soris urTierTobebis axal formebs. mas gaaCnia unari moaxerxos momxmareblis cen-tralizeba socialur-sagarantio blokebis, sazogadoebriv-politikuri, sainformacio, kulturuli, mxatvruli, sportuli, saganmanaTleblo, sabavSvo, sareklamo blokebis saSualebiT. Tanamedrove televiziam pirdapiri eTeris saSualebiT miaRwia kacobrio-bisTvis zusti droiT miewodebina momqmedi movlena samyaros nebismieri adgilidan, rac gaxda profesionaluri komforti misi Tanamedrove saxis CamoyalibebisTvis.

satelituri televiziis moqmedebis drois aTvla 1969 wlis 20 ivlisidan, swored im mo-mentidan iwyeba, rodesac adamianma pirvelad mTvareze fexi dadga. am movlenas daaxloe-biT 530 milioni telemayurebeli adevnebda Tvals. damtkicda, rom satelituri Tanamgza-vris saSualebiT SesaZlebelia informaciis mi-wodeba mTvaridan dedamiwis nebismier wertil-Si. SesaZlebeli gaxda aseve gakontroleba, Tu ramdeni telemayurebeli hyavs ama Tu im satelevizio arxs da gadacemas, telemayureb-lis raodenobis aRniSvis SedegiT ki gamartiv-da maTze dadebiTi Tu uaryofiTi zegavlenis saukeTeso formebis Zieba. arsebobs sxvadasxva daudasturebeli versia, rom faqti adamianis mTvareze yofnisa moxda modelirebuli dadg-mis Sedegad, magram faqti imisa, rom telemayureblis raodenobam am movlenis naxvisas uzarmazar procentulobas miaRwia namdvilad realobaa. iyo Tu ara es informacia, kvle-va telemayureblis raodenobis dadgenis satelituri Tanamgzavris meSveobiT, misi maTze zegavlenisTvis gamoyenebis miznis vargisianobisTvis da imyofeboda Tu ara adamiani mTvareze am SemTxvevaSi es mniSvnelovani aRar aris, radgan Tavidanve ukve dadasturda satelituri televiziis SesaZleblobebi telemayureblis simravlis aTvlisTvis.

pirdapiri transliaciis dros satelevizio gamosaxulebis dekodirebuli mowyobilo-biT gamarTvis Semdeg kadri mayureblamde mainc ramodenime wamis dagvianebiT fiqsird-eboda, magram ramodenime aTwleulSi progresi iseTi winswrafviT ganviTarda, TiTqos mTelma epoqam waiwia win. 70-ian wlebSi satelevizio Tanamgzavrebi zomiT Zalian pa-tara iyo, dRes isini 5-7 tonas iwonian, erT Tanamgzavrs SeuZlia daiWiros 500-ze meti arxi erTdroulad. aseTi Tanamgzavri kosmosSi daaxloebiT 300-mdea gaSvebuli da maT erTdroulad 25 000 satelevizio gadacemis gadmocemis unari gaaCniaT. media samyaro gamosaxulebis formas yovelTvis aumjobesebs da telemayurebels axal teqnologiebs Tavazobs, romelic aucileblad iqneba gamoyenebuli maTze manipulaciis mizniT. aras-wori iqneba televiziis zegavlena mxolod uaryofiT formaSi rom ganvixiloT, mas Sesa-Zlebloba gavlenisa dadebiTi formiTac axasiaTebs, procentuloba romeli ufro metia ukve Camoyalibebul da satelevizio sivrceze damokidebul telemayureblebze farTo kvleviT iqneba SesaZlebeli. televizia, rogorc globaluri sistema da farTo audi-toriisTvis cxovrebis wesis matarebeli fenomeni zemoqmedebis Sedegze. Sedegi dadebi-Tia Tu uaryofiTi Camoyalibebul saxes uyalibebs ara mxolod individs an jgufs, aramed

#5 2015


mTlianad sazogadoebas. Tu gadavxedavT saqarTvelos televiziis programul wyobas, gadmocemis maneras, sainformacio blokebs 90-iani wlebidan, Tavisuflad davrwmundebiT Tu ra Rirebulebebi Semcirda da romeli gaizarda an damkvidrda. adamiani, ra Tqma unda, drois TanxvedriT viTardeba da misi Sexedulebebi icvleba RirebulebebTan erTad, ma-gram misi xasiaTis CamoyalibebaSi yvelaze did rols televizia asrulebs. 1971 wels sabWoTa kinodokumentalistma feliqs sobolevma gadaiRo filmi eqsperimenti „me da sxvebi“, romelic gadmoscemda adamianze manipulaciis Sedegad Catarebul eqsperiments studentebze. filmSi asaxuli eqsperimentis daskvna mdgomareobda eqsperimentatoris mier msubuqad gadmocemul informacias eqsperimentis monawilesTvis da mis damorCile-bas manipulaciis saSualebiT. 2010 wels sobolevis eqsperimenti Seucvlelad gaimeora reJisorma vsevolod brodskim, 39 wlis sxvaobis Semdeg, adamianis yofierebis uamravi cv-lilebebis da Taobebis Secvlis miuxedavad, pirveli da meore eqsperimentis monawileebis azri, Sexeduleba da saqcieli, romlebic eqsperimentatorisgan konkretuli informaciis miwodebiT ganicdian zegavlenas, erTnairi SedegiT mTavrdeba, rac adasturebs swored, rom informaciis wyarodan, satelevizio sivrcidan „Seqmnili sazogadoebis“ Rirebule-bebs da Sexedulebas mkafiod da samudamod daregistrirebas qvecnobierSi. eseigi sab-WoTa televiziis ideologiuri forma, romelic Tavidanve ayalibebda sabWoTa adamians, imdenad Sors wavida sazogadoebis momavalSi, rom telemayureblebSi daregistrirebuli zegavlenis SedegiT gamowveuli moqmedeba da Sexedulebebi farTod aisaxa wlebis Semdeg politikuri TvalsazrisiT erTmaneTisgan gansxvavebul qveyanaSi, erTi diqtatorulSi, meore ki demokratiulSi. saRi „yofierebis“ SemTxvevaSi miT umetes qveynidan, romelSic Caketilobis reJimia ufro metad unda momxdariyo sazogadoebaSi da gansakuTrebiT axal TaobaSi azrovnebis Tavisuflebis Sedegi, magram es ori eqsperimenti saukeTeso magali-Tia sazogadoebaze informaciis zegavlenisa momavalSi Sedegis im formiT gamovlinebis, romelic adre miRebul dagegmil informaciaSi imyofeba.

teqnologiuri novaciebis fonze momxmareblis gazrdili interesi televiziis mimarT metad ikveTeba televizorebis dizainis da gamosaxulebis xarisxis mixedviT. am produ-qtis gayidvebis procentuloba Zalzed didia misi zomis, feris, formis da gaumjobese-buli SesaZleblobebis komfortuli maxasiaTeblebis xarjze. ZiriTadad momxmarebeli teqnologiuri novaciebis SedegebiT gemovnebidan da interieris dizainis tendenciebi-dan gamomdinare sargeblobs. interesi im miRwevebis mimarT, romelic satelevizio sivr-cis ganviTarebis tendenciebSi momwodeblis mizans da telemayureblis zegavlenis mizans warmoadgens momxmareblisTvis naklebad sainteresoa. es SeiZleba CaiTvalos telemay-ureblis bunebriv Tvisebad, magram satelevizio sivrcis, rogorc teqnologiurad aseve informaciis miwodebis axali formebis ganviTarebis procesiT ufro Rrma dainterese-bis SemTxvevaSi SesaZloa misi zegavlena naklebad efeqturi yofiliyo. telemayureblis es bunebrivi Tviseba swored, rom masze zegavlenis daSvebis mTavari formulaa, ra Tqma unda, im individebis garda, romlebsac sakuTari damoukidebeli xasiaTis da Tvisebebis xarjze, qvecnobierSi damcavi meqanizmis myari imuniteti gaaCniaT.

XXI saukune SeiZleba teqnologiebis swrafi ganviTarebis saukuned CaiTvalos, produ-qciis swrafi gayidvebis Sedegad, rac gamowveulia xelmisawvdomi fasebis regulaciiT da reklamebis aqtivaciiT. samganzomilebiani gamosaxulebis mier damokidebulebas mayure-beli TiTqmis ori saukunis praqtikis xarjze momzadebuli Sexvda.

1833 wels londonis samefo kolejis profesorma ingliselma fizikosma da mravali gamogonebebis avtorma Carlz uitstonma Seqmna sarkisebuli stereoskopi, romelic fokusidan gasul or naxats, romelsac TviTon xatavda, erT moculobaSi aCvenebda. 1844 wels ki pirveli stereoskopiuli fotoaparati gamovida. `stereoskopi~ im dros gamoiy-eneboda optikur xelsawyod moculobiT patara fotografiebis dasaTvaliereblad. misi gamoyenebis principi ganisazRvreboda fotos dasanaxad, ufro moculobiT formaSi. am efeqtis misaRwevad orive TvalisTvis mocemuli kompoziciisTvis fotos gadaReba cal-ke xdeboda Tavidanve gaTvaliswinebuli sxvadasxva manZilebidan, magaliTad ra manZilic arsebobs adamianis saxeze Tvalebs Soris.

1922 wels ukve cnobili iyo sistema, romelic SeiZleba CaiTvalos samganzomilebiani gamosaxulebis pirvel versiad. pirveli samganzomilebiani munji filmi `siyvarulis Za-laufleba“ los-anJelesis kinoTeatrebSi 1922 wlis 27 seqtembers warsdga, sadac pirve-lad kino seansis dros moxda specialuri stereoskopiuli saTvalis gamoyeneba. filmma ver moipova masobrivi mowoneba. SesaZloa mayurebeli ar iyo jer mzad sivrcobriv siR-rmeSi moculobiTi gamosaxulebis misaRebad an stereoskopiuli saTvale diskomforts


#5 2015

warmoadgenda. avstralielma kino reJisorma fillip moram

berlinis kino arqivSi 1936 wels Seqmnili sam-ganzomilebiani ori filmi aRmoaCina, romlebic 35 mm–ian firze iyo gadaRebuli da maTi xan-grZlivoba 30 wuTs Seadgenda. filmebi Seqmnili iyo kerZo studiaSi nacisturi germaniis propa-gandis ministris ioseb gebelsis dakveTiT. te-qnikuri siaxle dafiqsirda da mieca ganviTarebis etaps, rac momdevno wlebSi sakmaod gamomJRavnda samganzomilebiani kinos da animaciis sferoSi.

rogorc Zvelad ekranuli Sous dros moxve-drili mayurebeli, aseve stereoskopiul ki-noSic is didi emociis qveS xvdeba. droTa ganmav-lobaSi teqnikuri ganviTarebis progresirebiT samganzomilebianma sistemam daipyro satelevizio ekranis sivrce. 2009 wels iaponur-ma satelevizio arxma BS11 - mauwyeblobam gamosaxuleba samganzomilebiani principiT daafiqsira. 2009 wlidan samganzomilebiani gamosaxulebis gadmomcemi Tanamgzavri, gaS-vebuli iqna amerikaSi da 2010 wels aRmosavleT evropasa da ruseTSi. samganzomilebiani sistemis principiT gamosaxulebis miwodeba gaTvaliswinebulia orive TvalisTvis cal-calke, rogorc stereoskopiul gamosaxulebaSi. mayureblis mxedveloba erTdroulad danaxul or suraTs erT moculobiT kompoziciad aRiqvams. aseTi Tanamedrove mowyo-biloba warmoadgens stereoskopiul samganzomilebian monitors, am procesis Tanamonaw-ileobis enTuziazmi momxmareblebs Soris naklebia gamomdinare teqnikuri komfortis uqonlobis gamo ferTan mimarTebaSi. rodesac samganzomilebiani gamosaxulebis sistemiT telemayurebeli, moculobiT gamosaxulebas xedavs, maSin xdeba ori feris – lurjis da wiTlis erTmaneTTan Tanxvedra, rac ramodenime xanSi gamosaxulebis yurebis dros Tavis

tkivils iwvevs. wiTeli da lurji feris erTman-eTSi TanxvedriT miviRebT mesame fers – iasam-nisfers, Tu ramdenad dadebiTad moqmedebs an Tu ramden xans SeuZlia aseTi signalis miReba adami-anis qvecnobiers Sveicarielma fsiqologma, fer-Ta testis Semqmnelma maqs luSerma Tavis kvlevaSi „luSeris ferTa testi“ aRniSna.

adamianis mxedvelobis aparati - Tvali mWid-rod aris integrirebuli tvinTan, sadac xdeba informaciis gadamuSaveba mocemulobis detal-izireba da feris struqturis SemuSaveba. rode-sac erTidaigive feris saSualebiT mxedvelobis ares miewodeba signali qvecnobiers rTulad uw-evs mocemulobis detalizireba, xdeba gamosax-ulebis aRqma mowodebuli SinaarsiT, magram qvec-

nobieris daZabuli muSaobis Sedegad warmoiSveba sxvadasxva SegrZnebebi, rogoricaa Tavis tkivili, kordinaciis Sesusteba da ase Semdeg. aseve samganzomilebiani gamosaxulebis efeqti mayurebelSi axal SegrZnebebs iwvevs, romelic xelovnurad Seqmnili, ararealuri samyaros aRqmis saSualebas iZleva. samganzomilebiani monitorebi satelevizio sivrce-Si SesaZloa mediis axali SesaZleblobebis da telemayureblis satelevizio sivrcesTan metad daregistrirebis formad CaiTvalos, magram misi uaryofiTi gavlena adamianis aRqmis fazaSi da axali SegrZnebebis Camoyalibeba, gonebis dabindvis ramodenime faqtis dafiqsirebis Sedegad samedicino TvalsazrisiT saukeTeso variantad ar CaiTvala. fran-gulma sainformacio portalma (lesnumeriques.com) gamoaqveyna statistika: 33% - samgan-zomilebian gamosaxulebas uproblemod uyurebs, 27% - ganicdian zogierT diskomforts, 22% - uCivian janmrTelobis gauaresebas, 7% - aRniSnaven Tavis tkivils, 11% - aRniSnaven janmrTelobis gauaresebis sxvadasxva niSnebs.

dRes ukve Tanamedrove televizorebi, romlebsac moculobiTi ekrani stereosko-piuli saTvalis gamoyenebis gareSe gaaCniaT, telemayureblisTvis ufro met interess iwvevs. avtostereoskopiuli samganzomilebiani monitori warmoadgens samganzomilebian gamosaxulebas TvalisTvis damatebiTi aqsesuaris gareSe, rogoricaa stereo saTvale an

#5 2015


Tavsaburavi virtualuri realobisTvis. satelevizio sivrcem Tavi mravali kuTxiT warmoaCina. telemayureblis yuradReba

sxvadasxva produqtis meSveobiT miipyro, SeiZleba iTqvas, rom TviTon es fenomeni Tavi-danve kreatiul safuZvlebze daregistrirda da droTa ganmavlobaSi gazarda, rogorc auditoriis procentuloba aseve gaaumjobesa xarisxis mxarec. Tanamedrove televizia iqca niWis da ideebis gamovlinebis da warmodgenis mTavar funqciad, sadac satelevizio sivrceSi morgebuli nebismieri kreatiuli idea mayureblis damokidebulebis mTavar funqcias warmoadgens.

ramdenad produqtiulad moqmedebs kreatiuli idea da axdens zegavlenas adamianze didi britaneTis erTerTma satelevizio arxma boqsis matCis Cempionatis pirdapiri ga-dacemis dros daafiqsira. londonSi im periodSi televizorebis raodenoba 188 000 Sead-genda, 1955 wlis 22 seqtembers xuTSabaTs saRamos daaxloebiT 658 000 telemayurebeli uyurebda boqsis pirdapir transliacias, komentatorma jek jeksonma pirvelad Sewyvita matCis gadacema da Sesveneba gamoacxada imis gamo, rom pirvelad pirdapiri WriT reklama unda gasuliyo. pirdapiri transliaciis Sewyveta satelevizio sivrceSi pirvelad moxda, sadac naCvenebi iyo ramodenime kaTxa ludi.

kreatiulad gadawyvetili ludis da ara diasaxlisebisTvis sarecxi saSualebebis rek-lama sportuli sanaxaobis mimdinareobis dros, rodesac umetesi telemayurebeli mamaka-cia, swori gadawyvetileba iyo. telemayurebeli yuradRebas mas aucileblad miapyrobda da moxvdeboda warmodgenis, miwodebuli produqtis moTxovnilebis survilis zegav-lenis qveS. im saRamos ludis kompaniam Semosavlis didi procentulobiT isargebla. krea-tiuli gadawyvetilebebi Tanamedrove satelevizio sivrces sakmao gamocdilebis fonze met profesionalur saxes uqmnis, ara marto sareklamo, aramed yvela blokSi, romelic telemayureblis emociaze, zegavlenaze da damokidebulebazea gaTvlili. kreativis gareSe televizia Tavis funqcias Tavidanve amowuravda. dRes reklamis wuTobrivi dro daaxloebiT 5 wamidan 30 wamamde grZeldeba gansxvavebiT pirveli satelevizio reklame-bisgan, sadac detalurad produqciis gamoyenebis wesebi iyo aRwerili da 10 wuTidan 30 wuTamdec grZeldeboda. televizias Camoyalibebuli struqtura gaaCnia, romelic ganix-ileba, rogorc kulturuli teqnologiis nawili.

satelevizio sivrcis kreatiuloba yvelaze farTo mcnebiT gamoixateba mis mimarT iseTi gegmarebis SemuSavebiT, romelic telemayurebels satelevizio ekranTan mia-jaWvebs, magram kreatiulad gadawyvetili produqti sxvadasxva poziciis matarebelia. pozitiuri informacia, romelic gadawyvetilia kreatiuli ideiT metad dadebiTi da sa-siamovno formis matarebelia momxmareblisTvis. aseve kreatiulad gadawyvetili zegav-lena ki sazogadoebis manipulaciis Sedegebis uaryofiT saxes asaxavs.

amerikeli lingvistis, filosofosis, sazogado moRvawis da politanalitikosis noam homskis kvlevebis Sedegebi da mosazrebebi, did safuZvels iZleva imisa, rom erTerTi saSualeba, Tavdacvis forma informaciebis da gansakuTrebiT masmediis propaganduli ma-nipulaciis matarebeli zegavlenisgan Tavis dacvis mizniT warmoadgens ganaTleba, indi-vidualizmi da azrovnebis Tavisufleba. swored politizirebis sagnad acxadebs homski televizias, romelsac amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi politikuri manevrebisTvis, mosax-leobis Tvalis axvevis principiT swored iyenebs.

noam homsks Tavis naSromSi „aucilebeli iluzia: azrovnebis marTva demokratiul sazogadoebaSi“ mohyavs iran-kontras saqmis magaliTi, sadac aRniSnavs mediis damok-idebulebas am saqmis mimarT, rogorc demokratiuli sazogadoebis damxmares calmxrivi Sedegebis privilegiiT daregistrirebis instruments. xazs usvams amerikuli presis da televiziis gulgrilobas, masmediis da mTavrobis SeTqmulebas sazogadoebis winaaRmdeg. rodesac amerikis prezidentis ronald reiganis prezidentobis dros, amerikis Tavdacvis sistemidan iaraRis miyidva moxda iranze da miRebuli TanxiT finansdeboda nikaraguaSi erTerTi organizacia saxelmwifos winaaRmdeg. es yvelaferi politikur sirTuleebs warmoadgenda da arasasurveli Sedegis saxe miiRo, satelevizio eTerSi prezidentis cru gancxadeba gaSuqda. man ganacxada, rom amis Sesaxeb ar iyo informirebuli, rasac ToTxmeti maRalCinosnis dapatimreba mohyva, maT Soris Tavdacvis ministri gaspar vainbergeris, ma-gram oTx weliwadSi gaTavisuflebuli iyvnen Semdegi prezidentis - ufrosi jorj buSis mier, romelic am saqmis dros administraciaSi vice prezidentis adgils ikavebda.

moxda Tu ara sazogadoebis swori informireba am SemTxvevaSi advilad gasagebia, tele-mayurebelma miiRo dagegmili informacia, rom qveynis pirveli piri motyuebuli iqna da damnaSaveebi dapatimrebuli, Tumca prezidentis gareSe sazogadoebisTvis cnobilia, rom


#5 2015

msgavsi gadawyvetilebebi sabotaJs niSnavs, magram es ase ar dafiqsirebula. sazoga-doebis yuradRebis qveS arc „damnaSavee-bis“ gaTavisufleba iyo aqtualuri Tema, radgan saxelmwifos male axali prezidenti hyavda da erayis iaraRis miyidvis faqtma da uamravma sxva politikurma qmedebam, ukana fonze gadaiwia sxvadasxva arasaWiro in-formaciebis gadafarviT. telemayureblis aseTi manipulireba cnobil Teoremaze em-yareba, miwodebuli informaciis simarTle pirveli, simarTle meore da mesame sima-rTle - sadac Zneli gasarkvevia sad aris WeSmariteba.

ganvixiloT noam homskis sxvadasxva av-torebisan Sekrebili da erTad Camoyalibe-buli satelevizio eTeridan manipulaciis 10 yvelaze Zlieri xerxi:

1. yuradRebis gadatana - sazogadoebis kontrolis ZiriTadi elementia. xalxis yuradReb-is gadamisamarTeba politikuri da ekonomikuri mmarTveli wreebis mier, mniSvnelovani sakiTxebis da gadawyvetilebebis gadafarvis mizniT uwyveti intensivobiT sainformacio sivrceSi umniSvnelo Setyobinebebis gavrcelebis safuZvelze. es aris xerxi, rom moxdes sazogadoebisTvis im SesaZleblobebis acileba miiRon mniSvnelovani codna mecnierebis, ekonomikis, fsiqologiis, neirobiologiis da kibernetikis sferoSi.

2. problemis Seqmna da Semdeg sazogadoebisTvis SeTavazeba problemis gadasawyvetad - am meTods aseve uwodeben `problema - reaqcia - gadawyvetas.~ iqmneba problema, erTgvari `situacia~, romelic gaTvlilia principze garkveuli reaqcia moaxdinos mosaxleobaze ise, rom maT TviTon miiRon saWiro zomebi, romlebic aucilebelia da ukve dagegmilia mmarTveli wreebisTvis. magaliTad, daiSvas Zaladobis faqtebi qalaqSi, an moxdes sisx-liani Tavdasxmebis organizeba imisaTvis, rom sazogadoebam moiTxovos kanonebis miReba da usafrTxoebis zomebis gaZliereba, mkacri politikis gatareba maT mimarT, vinc ar-Rvevs samoqalaqo Tavisuflebas. an Seqmnas ekonomikuri krizisi, rom Semdeg iZulebuli gaxdes miiRos sazogadoebis socialuri dacvis meqanizmi, rogorc aucilebeli piroba da Sekvecos samoqalaqo samsaxurebi.

3. TandaTanobiTi mimarTvis procesi - sxvadasxva arapopularuli zomebis miRwevis mizniT TandaTanobiT, dRiTi dRe xdeba mimarTvis dozirebiTi propaganda. aseTi gziT, SesaZlebelia radikalurad axali socialur-ekonomikuri piroblemis warmoqmna, rogor-ic gasuli saukunis 80-90-ian wlebSi dafiqsirda. saxelmwifo funqciebis Semcireba, pri-vatizacia, gaurkvevloba, daucveloba, masobrivi umuSevroba, xelfasi, romelic ukve ar uzrunvelyofda Rirseul cxovrebas. es rom erTdroulad momxdariyo aucileblad rev-olucias gamoiwvevda.

4. Sesasrulebelis gadavadeba (dapireba) - kidev erTi gza arapopularuli gadawy-vetilebebis warmodgenis, isaxeba mizani, rom dagegmili mocemuloba warsdges, rogorc `mtkivneuli da saWiro Tema~, sazogadoebisTvis gamosavali mdgomareobis imediT Tanx-mobis Sedegad miznis miRweva ganxorcielebadia. aseTi SeTanxmeba bevrad ufro advilia, drois mogebis mizniT da dapirebis SesrulebiT momavalSi vidre arsebul droSi.

5. sazogadoebasTan mimarTva, patara bavSvTan mimarTvis meTodiT - propaganduli war-modgenebi gankuTvnilia farTo sazogadoebisaTvis. xSirad gamoiyeneba iseTi argumen-tebi, gmirebi, sityvebi da toni, TiTqos saubroben skolis asakis bavSvTan. rac ufro aqtiuria msmenelis SecdomaSi Seyvanis mizani, miT ufro xSirad gamoiyeneba sityvis Sa-blonebi. magaliTad, Tu individs mimarTaven iseve rogorc 12 wlis an naklebi wlovanebis bavSvs, pasuxi an miRebis Sedegi miwodebuli informaciis mimarT individis an sazogadoe-bis mxridan umetesi procentulobiT ar iqneba kritikuli, rac mcirewlovanTa reaqciis efeqts hgavs.

6. meti gavlena emociebze vidre miRebulis gaazrebaze - emociebze zegavlena klasi-kuri meTodia, romelic cdilobs dablokos adamianis unari, racionaluri analizi da sabolood gaxados kritikulad moazrovned. meore mxriv, emociuri faqtoris gamoyeneba saSualebas iZleva gaxsnas kari qvecnobierSi, rom Casaxos azrebi, fiqris, survilis, SiSis, gafrTxilebis, TanagrZnobis da ase Semdeg emociebi.

#5 2015


7. sazogadoebis SenarCuneba - miRweva imisa, rom sazogadoeba, telemayurebeli iyos mudmivi momxmarebeli unda gaxdes uunaro aRqmisa, Secnobisa maTze zegavlenis da maTi nebis gamoyenebis principebs ver unda xvdebodes. ganaTlebis xarisxi aseT SemTxvevaSi gaTvaliswinebulia socialuri klasis yvela warmomadgenlisTvis Tanabrad. zegavlenis balansis SenarCunebis mizniT.

8. sazogadoebis aRfrTovaneba miRebuli SedegebiT - azris STagoneba, romelsac axasi-aTebs modis, vulgarulobis, naklebad mcodneobis, cxovrebis problemebis ignorirebis da uxeSobis elementebi.

9. sakuTari danaSaulis grZnobis gaZliereba - individis iZuleba sakuTari Tavis dadanaSaulebis mizniT, problemebis mougvarebloba, romelic ikveTeba arasakmarisi Za-lisxmevis SegrZnebiT da gonebrivi SesaZleblobebiT ganaTlebis safuZvelze. Sedegad aseTi manipulaciisa individi iwyebs TviTganadgurebas, sakuTari Tavis warumateblobaSi dadanaSaulebiT da xvdeba daTrgunul da umoqmedo mdgomareobaSi. mizanmimarTuli ze-gavlena am SemTxvevaSi Tavidan icilebs „revolucioners“, romelic sakuTari yofierebis dasacavad uunaro xdeba.

10. adamianebze meti informaciis codna, vidre TviTon icnoben sakuTar Tavs - uka-naskneli 50 wlis ganmavlobaSi, samecniero sferos warmatebulma miRwevebma gamoiwvia adamianis formirebis Secnobis gafarToebuli Sedegebi, romelic mmarTveli klasis mier gamoiyeneba. biologiis, neirobiologiis da gamoyenebiTi fsiqologiis wyalobiT `sis-temam~ miiRo codna adamianis kargad Secnobisa rogorc fiziologiaSi, aseve fsiqolo-giaSi. SesaZlebeli gaxda adamianis Secnoba ufro metad vidre man icis sakuTar Tavze. es imas niSnavs, rom xSir SemTxvevaSi sistemas aqvs meti Zalaufleba da ufro meti kontroli adamianze.

aTive xerxi Tanamedrove televiziaSi metad daxvewili saxiT gamoiyeneba, romelic Tan-amedrove telemayurebelze didi zegavleniT sargeblobs vidre adre. misi formebis Ziri-Tadi saxe ar Secvlila, magram aTive xerxs daemata kreatiulobis iseTi formebi, romelic exmareba dagegmil informacias sazogadoebis wyobaSi meti Sedegiani xasiaTiT iarsebos. swored mesame xerxis erTdroulobam gamoiwvia 90-ian wlebidan saqarTveloSi politikur-ekonomiuri vardna, krizisi, areuloba, saomari viTarebebi da revolucia. meoTxe xerxis gamoyeneba, mTavrobisgan SeTanxmebis gadavadebis, dapirebis principi ukanasknel wlebi-Si saqarTveloSi samagaliToa, sadac udidesi roli swored televiziam da sainformacio saSualebebma Seasrula. saqarTvelos satelevizio sivrce Tanamedrove epoqaSi aqtiurad iyenebs meSvide xerxs sazogadoebis SenarCunebis mizniT ganaTlebis naklebad aqtiuro-bis xarjze, swored socialuri klasis Tanabrobis principiT, rac gamoixateba iaffasiani sapnis operebis mravalferovnebiT datvirTuli dRis satelevizio badiT.

XX saukunidan adamianis cnobierebas miRebuli aqvs zegavlenis Zlieri preparati sain-formacio saSualebebis wyalobiT, mravali formis manipulaciis xarjze. rogori mima-rTuleba eqneba XXI saukunis momavlis televizias jerjerobiT ver mivxvdebiT, magram Tu gaviTvaliswinebT, rom ganviTarebis safexurebs aucileblad sWirdeba safuZveli, Segvi-Zlia vivaraudoT dRevandeli televiziis formebiT, romelic swored, rom ganviTarebas aZlevs mimarTulebas. Tu gadavxedavT saqarTvelos televiziis saerTo saxes, procentu-lad Tu ganvsazRvravT mowodebuli informaciebis Sinaarss miviRebT Sedegs, rom tele-mayurebeli ZiriTadad ismens Zaladobis, kriminalur, socialurad daucveli adamianebis problemas. sergei kara-murza aRniSnavs, rom: „satelevizio sivrcidan umetesi wamyvani da Jurnalisti gadmoscems usaxlkarobis Temas, qmnis sajaro cnobierebaSi gaWirvebis imijs...“

saqarTvelos ukanasknel wlebSi socialuri problemebi namdvilad gaaCnia da swored satelevizio sivrce telemayureblis zegavlenisTvis iyenebs am faqts saxelmwifos sas-argeblod. gasarTobi an sasiamovno mosasmeni informaciebis nakleboba da samwuxaro faqtebis meti procentulobiT mowodeba, sazogadoebaSi iwvevs pesimizms, SiSs, rom indi-vidi ar Cavardes msgavs mdgomareobaSi. aqedan gamomdinare viRebT iaffasian momsaxure personals, romlebsac samsaxuris dakargvis SiSi CaenergaT qvecnobierSi. xdeba adami-anebis resursis gamoyeneba dabali anazRaurebiT da maTi uflebebis darRveviT samuSaos saaTebis gazrdis xarjze. momavlis sazogadoebas aucileblad gahyveba es SegrZnebebi axali teqnologiebis da novaciebis fonze aRdgenis principi SesaZloa darRveuli iqnas. teqnologiuri ganviTarebis da sazogadoebis masTan adaptirebis Tanxvedris gareSe Seu-Zlebeli iqneba adamianis damkvidreba, rogorc pirovnebis. magaliTi imisa, rom sazoga-doeba rCeba zegavlenis Sedegad miwodebuli produqtis matarebeli momavalSic, ukve


#5 2015

aRvniSneT feliqs sobolevis eqsperimentis Sedegis gameorebiT 39 wlis Semdeg, sadac pas-uxi da qmedeba igive dafiqsirda, rogoric Tavidan, wlebis win iyo, rac sazogadoebaSi ze-gavlenis danaleqma gamoiwvia. rogor sazogadoebas miviRebT Cven 39 wlis Semdeg, tenden-ciebis swrafad ganviTarebis fonze? jansaRi sazogadoebisTvis aucilebelia zegavlenis Sedegebis kvlevebi, tendenciebis drois TanxvedriT, rac telemayureblis uflebebis dacvis safuZvels mogvcems. rac gamoiwvevs ara pesimistur ganwyobas da SiSs samyaros mi-marT, aramed simSvides da jansaR Sexedulebebs. Sedegad ekranuli tendenciebi momavlis televiziaSi, rogorc sazogadobis mier miRebuli novaciebis dasturi meti komfortis da SesaZleblobebis momtani iqneba. aseTi Tanamedrove teqnologiebis zegavlenis saSu-alebiT SesaZloa momavalSi moxdes ganaTlebis miReba swrafi formiT. nebismieri sferos informaciis miwodebiT ukve miCveuli da adaptirebuli adamianis qvecnobieri momavalSi axal informacias miiRebs metad swraf droSi vidre dRes. informaciis sferoSi miRweuli tendenciebi aseve gulisxmobs telemayurebelze zegavlenis principebis Tanamedrove formaSi gadatanas.

sazogadoebis formirebas prin-cipulad gansazRvravs televiziis zegavlena da interaqtiuli urTier-Toba mayurebelTan, rogorc metad aucilebeli sagani, rac informire-bis sferoSi jansaRi sazogadoe-bis miRebis upirvelesi saSualebaa. satelevizio sivrcis aucilebeli da saWiro saxe swored axal teqnol-ogiebSi ufro metad damtkicdeba, Tu ra rols Seasrulebs es adamianis cnobierebaze, mis gavlenaze, damok-idebulebaze, saqcielze, qmedun-arianobaze, sazogadoebasTan urTi-erTobaze amas mxolod momavalSi dakvirvebis SedegiT gavicnobT. ma-gram faqtia, rom momxmareblisTvis mowodebuli yoveldRiuri informacia Tanamedrove televiziis formebiT ufro metad iqceva mudmiv sainformacio kvebis wyarod.

Tanamedrove televiziis struqtura, warmoeba da kreativi ukve arsebuli SesaZle-blobebis principebs emyareba. aprobirebuli formebi satelevizio sivrcisTvis Taname-drove wyobis myari berketia. romelic gamoyenebuli unda iyos ara saxelmwifoebrivi in-teresebis dakveTiT, rogorc sxvadasxva qveynebSi xdeba, aramed sazogadoebis inteleqtis amaRlebis mizniT, swored im mizniT, risTvisac Seiqmna televizia.

xelmZRvaneli xelovnebis doqtori aleqsandre vaxtangovisaqarTvelos SoTa rusTavelis Teatrisa da kinos universiteti

reziumeGeorgia is experiencing real social problems over last decades and television sources use this fact

via influencing on watchers for favoring the state. The lack of entertaining and amusing information, but the provision of depressing facts in high portions causes the sense of pessimism and fright among the society around the idea of how to exclude an individual from such conditions. Consequently we are having cheap service field personnel, with high sense of fear of losing the job. The usage of human resources for law wages and violation of human rights based on artificially increased working hours is a vastly practiced phenomenon. The society of future will carry these dispositions and at the background of new technologies and novelties, the process of regeneration can be damaged. The adaptation of a human being as a person is incredible without the sequence of technological development and its ad-aptation to the society. For the formation of healthy society, much contribution comes on the influence research delivered in arrangement with time predispositions. All these will serve as a tool for protecting the watchers’ rights, guarding them from the pessimistic attitude and fear of universe, but will find out-come in peace and healthy mentality.

`Teatri da cxovreba~`THEATRE AND LIFE~

#5, 2015

damkabadonebeli

giorgi malxasiani

eleqtro fosta:

fasi _ saxelSekrulebo

redaqciis misamarTi: Tbilisi 0107, g. leoniZis q. #11a.

aiwyo da dakabadonda Jurnal `Teatri da cxovrebis~ redaqciaSi

koreqtori

marine vasaZe

garekanis pirvel gverdze:

Teatrmcodne, SoTa rusTavelis, saxelmwifo da

marjaniSvilis premiebis laureati,

nodar gurabaniZe da misi wignebi

garekanis meoTxe gverdze:

scena Tavisufali Teatris speqtaklidan

`xom klaven qancgawyvetil cxenebs~

#52015

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