Rapporto Sbilanciamoci! · PDF fileAceti e Vittorio Ferla (Cittadinanzattiva), Roberta Carlini...

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Rapporto Sbilanciamoci! Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente Sbilanciamoci! 2012

Transcript of Rapporto Sbilanciamoci! · PDF fileAceti e Vittorio Ferla (Cittadinanzattiva), Roberta Carlini...

Rapporto Sbilanciamoci!Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Sbilanciamoci!

2012

SOSTENIAMO Sbilanciamoci!

La continuazione dell’esperienza di Sbilanciamoci! è in pericolo.

Dal 1999 Sbilanciamoci! è una voce libera ed indipendente che propone alternative concrete per un’economia di giustizia ed un diverso un modello di sviluppo.

Ogni anno, grazie a Sbilanciamoci!, abbiamo avuto una serie di iniziative importanti: la finanziaria alternativa, che ci dice come usare in modo diverso la spesa pubblica; i dossier sulle spese militari e la cooperazione allo sviluppo; il rapporto (QUARS) sulle regioni italiani che, con 42 indicatori ambientali e sociali, ci spiega “come si vive in Italia”; un sito di informazione economica come sbilinfo che ci racconta “l’economia com’è e come dovrebbe essere”; l’appuntamento della controcernobbio dove movimenti e campagne propongono le loro alternative alle politiche neoliberiste.

Tutto questo rischia di essere messo in pericolo dalla mancanza di risorse e e finanziamenti.Se finisce Sbilanciamoci! si chiude uno spazio di democrazia.

Aiuta Sbilanciamoci! a sopravvivere. Fai una donazione sul conto corrente postale IT 59 S 07601 000033066002 o sul conto corrente bancario IT 45 L 05018 03200 000000001738, Banca Popolare Etica, intestate a Lunaria, specificando “donazione Sbilanciamoci!”

Laura BalboStefano BenniAscanio CelestiniPino FerrarisGoffredo FofiLuciano GallinoPaul GinsborgGad Lerner

Nota redazionaleQuesto rapporto è frutto di un lavoro collettivo al quale, in diversa forma, e per i temi di rispettiva competenza hanno collaborato:Licio Palazzini (Arci servizio civile), Massimo Paolicelli (Associazione Obiettori Nonviolenti), Tonino Aceti e Vittorio Ferla (Cittadinanzattiva), Roberta Carlini e Cristina Povoledo, (sbilanciamoci.info), Andrea Baranes e Antonio Tricarico (CRBM), Francesco Dodaro e Maurizio Gubbiotti (Legambiente), Grazia Naletto, Cristiana Colaiori, Duccio Zola e Sergio Andreis (Lunaria), Marcello Deotto (REDS), Giulio Marcon, Sara Nunzi, Mario Pianta e Chiara Ricci (Sbilanciamoci!), Stefano Lenzi (WWF), Patrizio Gonnella e Alessio Scandurra (Antigone), Mariano Bottaccio e Lucio Babolin (CNCA) Domenico Chirico (Un ponte per...), Claudio Riccio e Fabio Ingrosso (Rete della Conoscenza), Iacopo Viciani (ActionAid) Roberto Romano (Ires Cgil), Pitagora

Si ringraziano, oltre alle organizzazioni aderenti alla campagna Sbilanciamoci!, la campagna I diritti alzano la voce, la Fish e l’Auser con le quali è stato realizzato “Il libro sul welfare italiano”, da cui sono tratti alcuni dei testi inclusi in questo Rapporto

Sul sito www.sbilanciamoci.info si possono trovare numerosi contributi ed interventi sui temi trattati da questo Rapporto.

La stesura del rapporto è stata conclusa il 18 novembre 2011Si può ricevere una copia del rapporto scrivendo a [email protected]

La campagna Sbilanciamoci! è autofinanziata: per contribuire alle sue iniziative si possono versare contributi sul conto corrente postale n°33066002 o sul conto corrente bancario 1738, ABI 5018 CAB 12100, presso Banca Popolare, filiale di Roma. Intestate a Lunaria e specificate nella causale Sbilanciamoci!

Sul sito di Sbilanciamoci!: www.sbilanciamoci.org si possono consultare tutti i materiali e le pubbli-cazioni della campagna. In particolare scrivendo a [email protected] si può richiedere il volume “Dopo la crisi. Proposte per un’economia sostenibile” (prezzo 10 euro), a cura della campagna Sbilan-ciamoci e pubblicato dalle Edizioni dell’Asino.

Per contatti e informazioni: Sbilanciamoci!, Via Buonarroti 39 – 00185 RomaTelefono 06-8841880, E-mail: [email protected], www.sbilanciamoci.org

Stampa: Grafica Giorgetti, RomaProgetto grafico: Analphabet e-mail: [email protected]: Cristina Povoledo

Aderiscono alla campagna Sbilanciamoci!: ActionAid, Aiab, Altreconomia, Antigone, Arci, Arci Servizio Civile, Associazione Obiettori Nonviolenti, Associazione per la Pace, Beati i Costruttori di Pace, Campagna per la Riforma della Banca Mondiale, Carta, CIPSI, Cittadinanzattiva, CNCA, Comunità delle Piagge Firenze, Comitato italiano contratto mondiale sull’acqua, Comunità di Capodarco, Conferenza Nazionale Volontariato Giustizia, Coop. ROBA dell’Altro Mondo, CTM Altromercato, Crocevia, Donne in nero, Emergency, Emmaus Italia, Fair, Fondazione Culturale Responsabilità Etica, ICS, Icea, Gli Asini, Legambiente, Link, LILA, Lunaria, Mani Tese, Microfinanza srl, Movimento Consumatori, Nigrizia, Pax Christi, Rete Lilliput, Rete Universitaria Nazionale, Rete degli Studenti, Rete della conoscenza, Terre des Hommes, UISP, Unione degli Studenti, Unione degli Universitari, Un Ponte per…, WWF

RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Indice

7 Presentazione. La crisi e le responsabilità del governo italiano

11 La crisi economica: dove stiamo andando 11 Le responsabilità dell’Europa 18 Le responsabilità della finanza 23 La strada stretta del nuovo governo 25 Come affrontare nel merito tre grandi questioni: debito, spesa pubblica, redistribuzione

33 La Legge di Stabilità per il 2012

37 Giustizia e legalità fiscale

39 Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile 39 La manovra finanziaria (n.111) di luglio 2011 43 La Legge di Stabilità approvata il 12 novembre 2011 47 La Manovra nello specifico

48 Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace 48 Le spese militari 57 Il servizio civile 59 La Cooperazione allo sviluppo

65 Welfare e diritti 65 Le politiche sociali e sanitarie: il quadro dei tagli 79 La scuola 81 L’università 87 L’immigrazione 91 Il carcere 92 Un piano giovani per l’Italia

96 L’impresa di un’economia diversa 96 La prospettiva di nuove produzioni e consumi 97 La frontiera della mobilità sostenibile 99 Puntare sulle energie rinnovabili 100 Per un piano di piccole opere 100 Sostenere l’altra economia

103 Le proposte di Sbilanciamoci! per il 2012

105 Giustizia e legalità fiscale. Le proposte nel dettaglio

107 Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile. Le proposte nel dettaglio 107 Politiche energetiche 108 Mobilità

112 Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace. Le proposte nel dettaglio 114 Cooperazione allo sviluppo 114 Attività di pace

115 Welfare e diritti. Le proposte nel dettaglio 115 Servizi e politiche sociali 116 Casa 116 Pari opportunità e gender 117 Immigrazione 117 Carceri 117 Sanità 119 Università 119 Scuola 121 Piano giovani

121 L’impresa di un’economia diversa. Le proposte nel dettaglio 121 Lavoro 122 Sviluppo economico 123 Ricerca 123 Altra economia

Tabelle e grafici

36 49 50 Tab. 3. 52 Tab. 4. Situazione del personale militare nel 2012 a confronto

53 54 Tab. 6. Spe-67 68 Grafico

83 Tab. 8. Fondo Finanziamento Ordinario 84

86 88126 Tabella conclusiva Le proposte di Sbilanciamoci! per il 2012

7Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente 7Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

PRESENTAZIONE!La crisi e le responsabilità del governo italiano

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8 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Presentazione

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9Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

La crisi e le responsabilità del governo italiano

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11Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

Le responsabilità dell’Europa

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11Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

12 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

/#=!$%&!-$,/-(!/(-@*5,5(=!*4#-+*%-(%&#!'#.*(!-+/#,'2!A*!$,1;(,1#&5%!+(S!(1+%/5,&5#!B!!"'"+%&='..#-+$%#&%/.#(+%,+-)(@.)$%5#%e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fB\%5)&%-'&+.)%5)#%"#"+&#%4.)0#%0:)%:',,+%#,%/+."'9+4&#+V%#,%0'(@#+%,0/,&&%!5(5%*(!#@/%+#(!.,/,&5(5(!',(!+,#-(!#@/%2!E,!*4,$$%/'%=!$9#!+/#0#'#!&@%0#!1(-@/#!'(!,@-5#/(5G!+#/!*,!O/#$(,=!'%0/G!#--#/#!,++/%0,5%!',(!+,/*,1#&5(!'#(!+,#-(!)2.+/)#%)%5)3,#"+%()4&#+%0+,%&)%@',0:)%0.)5#".#0#6%L&%"),"'"#-+%5)&%&)'5).%4.)0+%d,85.)'!%M'/',5.)2%5#%!+""+/+.&+%'%2,%.)9).),52(%;%2,'%@2+,'%#5)'%0:)%.#5'-'%-+0)%'#%/.+0)!!#%5)(+0.'"#0#%;%:'%!0'"),'"+%#&%0.+&&+%5)&&)%@+.!)%)%'""'00:#%/+&#"#0#%5#%%.&(!5(+%V!*4('#,!B!$,'@5,!#=!$%&!#--,=!+%5/#;;#!$,'#/#!,&$9#!(*!.%0#/&%!-%$(,*(-5,2!E,!*4,$$%/'%!-@**,!O/#$(,!B!@&,!/(%/.,&()),)(%&#!'#*!'#;(5%!%!@&!!"#$%&'b%d%5)0#85).&+%,+,%P%&=R2.+/'$%)%"',"+(),+%d"),)O%P%2,%+!02.+%0+(#"'"+%5)&&=L,").,'"#+,'&%-Y,+-!,&'!'#/(0,5(0#!,--%$(,5(%&!$%1+%-5%!',!C>!/,++/#-#&5,&5(!'#**#!1,..(%/(!@',0:)%)%9+,5#%5=#,-)!"#(),"+%(+,5#'&#%Q,)!!2,'%#"'&#','D6%G+,+%/.+/.#+%#%/.+"'84+,#!"#%5)&&'%!/)02&'7#+,)%3,',7#'.#'%'%5)0#5).)%!)%&='00+.5+%-'%#,")./.)"'"+%0+()%5)9'2&"%)%9'.*%12#,5#%!0'""'.)%#&%/'4'(),"+%5)#%()"!*'+!"#$%&'+,-$.,=!*#!N-$%11#-8-#Z!-@**4(&-%*0#&),!'(!F5#&#!0#&'@5#!+#/!1(*(,/'(!'(!#@/%!,*(1#&5,&'%!.*(!,55,$$9(!,**,!O/#$(,2

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12 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità dell’Europa

13Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Spread, haircut e defaultL&%/.+!!#(+%!0+,".+%".'%3,',7'%)%/+&#"#0'%!'.*%!2%0+()%'8.+,"'.)%#&%5)@#"+%5)4&#%

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Q#*!+/(1%!$,-%!B!&#$#--,/(%!$9#!(!+,#-(!'#**4#@/%)%&,!'($9(,/(&%!'(!.,/,&5(8/#!(&-(#1#!(*!*%/%!'#;(5%!+@;;*($%=!/#,*())(&%!@&,!1,..(%/!(&5#./,)(%&#!+%*(5($,!#!#,".+520',+%/+&#"#0:)%3!0'&#%0+(2,#%;%.'!!#02.',5+%&'%[).(',#'%!2&%H@2+,%0+(8/+."'(),"+C% 5)&&'% /).#9).#'6% L,% /'.'&&)&+$% P% ,)0)!!'.#+% &=#(/)4,+% 5)&&'% S',0'%W),".'&)%R2.+/)'%'5%'012#!"'.)$%!),7'%&#(#"#$%"#"+&#%5)#%/')!#%)2.+%!2&%().0'"+%/.#8('.#+%)%!)0+,5'.#+V%&=)(#!!#+,)%5#%)2.+%,)&%!#!")('%',5.)@@)%0+!g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h%.)!/+,!'@#&#"*%5)&&='!!)%e).i)&EG'.i+7j%;%#(/+!"+!#%!),7'%&)4#""#('7#+,)%'&%0+(',5+%5)&&=R2.+/'%;%,+,%

13Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

14 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!0)4&#).)%+44#%12)!"'%-#'%5=2!0#"'6%G'.)@@)%12)!"'% &'%-#'%/.)9).#@#&)$%',0:)%+44#%0+,%2,%0+!"+%/+&#"#0+%Q+&".)%0:)%)0+,+(#0+D%/#J%'&"+$%9+.!)%".+//+%/).%[).(',#'%)%X/,&$(,=!#&5/,1;#!,**,!0(.(*(,!'#**#!#*#)(%&(2!

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La depressione che avanzaG)%&)%/.+!/)""#-)%3,',7#'.#)%!+,+%/)!!#()$%12)&&)%5)&&=)0+,+(#'%.)'&)%,+,%!+,+%

(#4&#+.#6%G2&%9.+,")%5)&&'%0.)!0#"'%)0+,+(#0'%#,%R2.+/'%!#%P%9'""+%/+0:#!!#(+$%)%/.+8/.#+%,2&&'%/).%.#&',0#'.)%&'%5+(',5'6%W#%!#%'!/)""'%0:)%#%().0'"#%9'00#',+%#&%!+&#"+%N1(/,$%*%Z!'(!5%/&,/#!,!$/#-$#/#!',!-%*(V!'(!+%*(5($9#!+#/!*,!/(+/#-,!#!'(!"%)/0/1!!*,!O#/1,&(,!&%&!0@%*#!-#&5(/#!+,/*,/#2!U(!-(!,-+#55,!$9#!*4%$$@+,)(%&#!+%--,!/(+/#&85).)%'"".'-).!+%2,%0'&+%5)#%!'&'.#%.)'&#%!2&%().0'"+%5)&%&'-+.+%;%0+()%!)%&)%#(/.)!)%

14 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità dell’Europa

15Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

,--@1#--#/%!+(S!*,0%/,5%/(!?@,&'%!+%--%&%!+,.,/*(!1#&%=!,&$9#!-#!&%&!9,&&%!,!0:#%-),5).)%#%/.+5+""#6%R%/).%9'.%!0),5).)%#%!'&'.#$%!+/.'""2""+%,)#%/')!#%5)&&'%/).#89).#'%0:)%:',,+%'-2"+%/.+52""#-#"*%!"'4,',")$%&'%.#0)""'%/.#,0#/'&)%;%)!/&#0#"'%,)&&'%&)"").'%5)&&'%S0)%'&%4+-).,+%#"'&#',+%)%,)&&)%(#!2.)%/.)/'.'")%5'%M'&'77+%W:#4#%;%P%*%!-1,&5#**,1#&5%!'#(!$%&5/,55(!&,)(%&,*(=!+(S!+%5#/#!,**#!(1+/#-#!#!1#&%!,*!-(&85'0'"+6%d,0:)%,)&%/.)0#/#"'.)%5)&&'%0.#!#$%,+,%-),4+,+%!0'&3"#%#%52)%/#&'!".#%5)&&'%0+!".27#+,)%)2.+/)'%5)4&#%2&"#(#%-),"=',,#O%3,',7'%)%,)+&#@).#!(+6%d,7#$%-),4+8,+%.#/.+/+!"#%#,%5+!#%',0+.'%('44#+.#%;%!'&-'"'44#%5)&&)%@',0:)$%/.#-'"#77'7#+,#$%"'4&#%'&&'%!/)!'%/2@@&#0'%;%0+()%,/&%8*/1*!'#**,!$/(-(!,55@,*#2!"#!^*(5#!+%*(5($9#!#'!#$%&%1($9#=!#!*#!*%/%!+%*(5($9#!1%&#5,/(#=!1,$/%#$%&%1($9#!#!'#*!*,0%/%=!/#-5,&%!9).()%'#%5+4(#%5)&%/'!!'"+%)%!"',,+%/+."',5+%&=R2.+/'%5.#""'%-).!+%&'%5)/.)!!#+,)6%

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!"#"$%&'"(&)*%+,)+-&)&.)6%F'%3,',7'%5)-=)!!).)%()!!'%,)&&)%0+,5#7#+,#%5#%,+,%5)-'!"'.)%/#J% &=)0+,+(#'6%F)% ".',!'7#+,#%3,',7#'.#)%5)-+,+%)!!).)% "'!!'")$%5)-+8&%!#--#/#!/('%55(!.*(!-?@(*(;/(!+/%'%55(!',(!1%0(1#&5(!'(!$,+(5,*#=!#*(1(&,5(!(!+,/,'(-(!3!0'&#$%!).-)%#&%.#"+.,+%'&&'%5#-#!#+,)%".'%@',0:)%5='8'.#%)%0+(().0#'&#$%2,'%.)4+&'81#&5,)(%&#!+(S!-5/#55,!$%&5/%!*#!,55(0(5G!+(S!-+#$@*,5(0#!#!/(-$9(%-#=!-(!'#0#!$/#,/#!@&4,.#&)(,!'(!)$'*1:%/2@@&#0'%)2.+/)'6%Y#%9.+,")%'&&='44.'-'.!#%5)&&'%0.#!#%5)&%5)@#8

15Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

16 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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d&&=#,").,+%5)&&=R2.+/'$%#%/')!#%#,%$/(-(!'#0%&%!$/#,/#!@&!N_#/5($#!'#(!'#;(5%/(Z!$9#!&#.%)(!$%**#55(0,1#&5#!$%&!;,&80:)%/.#-'")$%S.2Z)&&)!%)%X(#%#&%/#',+%5#%'44#2!"'(),"+$%)%9'00#'%5'%0+,".'//)!+%'&&+%!".'/+").)%5)&&='!!)%e).i)&EG'.i+7j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

!"#$%"&&'%()&*(+"#",-'2!"4#$%&%1(,!'#04#--#/#!1#--,!&#**#!$%&'()(%&(!'(!&%&!5)-'!"'.)%/#J%&'%!+0#)"*6%W+,%&'%!)(/&#30'7#+,)%5)&&)%(',#9)!"'7#+,#%0+,".+%m'&&%G".))"$%!#%/2I%5#.)%0:)%#&%ll\%5)#%0#""'5#,#%;%&)%-#""#()%5)&&'%0.#!#%;%5)-)%"+4&#).)%#&%$%&5/%**%!'#**4#$%&%1(,!,**4CJ!$9#!'#$('#!+#/!5@55(2!U%&!@&!+%4!+(S!'(!+/#$(-(%&#=!!#%/2I%5#.)%0:)%#&%l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

16 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità dell’Europa

17Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

)%!+!"),#@#&#6%L,%R2.+/'%!#%5)-)%'.(+,#77'.)%&'%"'!!'7#+,)%)%".+-'.)%,2+-)%),".'8")%0:)%3,',7#,+%&'%!/)!'%'%&#-)&&+%)2.+/)+6%F'%!/)!'%/2@@&#0'%;%'%&#-)&&+%,'7#+,'&)%)%)2.+/)+%;%5)-=)!!).)%2"#&#77'"'%/).%.#&',0#'.)%&'%5+(',5'$%5#9),5).)%#&%K)&9'.)$%)!"),5).)%&)%'""#-#"*%)%#%!).-#7#%/2@@&#0#6%],'%/'.")%5)&&'%!/)!'%)2.+/)'%/2I%)!!)8.)%3,',7#'"'%5'%"%)/0/1!=!$9#!'#0%&%!#--#/#!(&5/%'%55(!&%&!-%*%!+#/!/(-5/@55@/,/#!#&%5)@#"+$%('%/).%3,',7#'.)%&'%.#0+,-).!#+,)%)0+&+4#0'%5)&&=)0+,+(#'%)2.+/)'$%0+,%(&0#-5(1#&5(!$,+,$(!'(!$/#,/#!%$$@+,)(%&#!#!5@5#*,/#!*4,1;(#&5#2!"#!'#$(-(%&(!-@!$9#!$%-,!-(!+/%'@$#=!$%1#!#!+#/!$9(=!&%&!'#0%&%!#--#/#!*,-$(,5#!,*!N1#/$,5%Z=!$(%B!,**#!./,&'(!(1+/#-#!1@*5(&,)(%&,*(=!1,!0,&&%!(&'(/()),5#!',!+%*(5($9#!(&'@-5/(,8&#%)%5)&&=#,,+-'7#+,)%;%)2.+/))%)%,'7#+,'&#%;%0:)%/2,"#,+%'&&'%0+,-).4),7'%".'%&)%$,+,$(5G!+/%'@55(0#!'#(!+,#-(!#@/%+#(=!,!+/%'@)(%&(!-%-5#&(;(*(=!#!'#**#!1,..(%/(!0+(/)"),7)%5)#%&'-+.'"+.#6%L%5#.#""#%5)&%&'-+.+%)%#&%K)&9'.)%!+,+%)&)(),"#%0+!"#"2"#-#%5)&&=R2.+/'6%Y+/+%5)0),,#%5#%/+&#"#0:)%0:)%:',,+%0.)'"+%5#!+002/'7#+,)$%/.)0'.#)85G!#!(1+%0#/(1#&5%=!-#/0#!1#55#/#!,*!+/(1%!+%-5%!*,!$/#,)(%&#!'(!@&4%$$@+,)(%&#!!"'@#&)$%5#%12'&#"*$%0+,%!'&'.#%/#J%'&"#%)%/).%&'%"2")&'%5)#%.)55#"#%/#J%@'!!#6%],=R2.+/'%0:)%-+4&#'%'-).)%#&%0+,!),!+%5)#%0#""'5#,#%;%)%,+,%!+&+%5)&&'%3,',7'$%5)&&)%4.',85#%#(/.)!)%)%5)&%>B\%5#%/.#-#&)4#'"#%;%5)-)%.#/.),5).)%#&%0+,".+&&+%5)&&=)0+,+(#'%#!$%-5/@(/#!*#!-@#!-5/,5#.(#!$%1@&(!-@!?@#-5#!;,-(=!$%&!+%*(5($9#!$%%/'(&,5#!'(!'%8(',5'%)%5#%+8)."'%0:)%!+!"#"2#!0',+%#&%M'""+%5#%!"'@#&#"*%)%0.)!0#"'6

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17Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

18 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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ll\C%5#%!),7';/+").)6%h%12)!"+%&=H'44#2!"'(),"+%5#%.+""'C%0:)%!).-)%'&&=R28.+/'$%!)%,+,%-2+&)%,'29.'4'.)6%R%'&%"#(+,)$%12)!"'%-+&"'$%,+,%/+".*%/#J%)!!).0#%2,'%0&'!!)%5#.#4),")%;%/+&#"#0'%)5%)0+,+(#0'%;%0:)%:'%!@'4&#'"+%12'!#%"2""+6

Le responsabilità della finanza

"4,55@,*#!$/(-(!'(-$#&'#!'(/#55,1#&5#!',!?@#**,!$9#!&#*!:77P]:776!9,!5/,0%*5%!*,!3,',7'%#,").,'7#+,'&)%5+/+%&+%!0+//#+%5)&&'%@+&&'%5)#%(2"2#%,%0.)*A"!&#.*(!D-,2!G)0+,5+%!"#()%/.25),7#'&#$%+&".)%>`6BBB%(#&#'.5#%5#%!+&5#%/2@@&#0#%!+,+%!"'"#%!/)!#%5'#%4+-).,#%)%5'&&)%#!"#"27#+,#%#,").,'7#+,'&#%/).%!'&-'.)%#&%!#!")('%3,',7#'.#+%.)8-+%&-,;(*#!'#**,!$/(-(!-5#--,2!A&!,*5/#!+,/%*#=!&#.*(!@*5(1(!,&&(!,;;(,1%!,--(-5(5%!,!2,%),+.()%".'!9).#(),"+%5#%!+&5#%5'&%/2@@&#0+%'&%!)""+.)%3,',7#'.#+%/.#-'"+$%+$%#,%(',#).'%!/)02&'.)$%5#%2,'%4#4',")!0'%(+,"'4,'%5#%5)@#"#%5'&&)%@',0:)%'4&#%G"'"#6

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Il travaso di ricchezza dal lavoro alla finanza[@#-5%!+/%$#--%!9,!$%1+%/5,5%!@&!.(.,&5#-$%!-+%-5,1#&5%!'#**,!/($$9#)),!',(!

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18 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità della finanza

19Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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Y)""'%#,%(',#).'%',0+.'%/#J%!)(/&#0)$%&'%3,',7'%/.)!"'-'%'#%0#""'5#,#$%0+,%#%5+-2"#%#,").)!!#$%#%!+&5#%0:)%&)%'-)-'%!+"".'""+6%R%12',5+%#%!+&5#%!+"".'""#%!+,+%5#-),"'"#%".+//#$%?@,&'%!(!/#''(5(!-(!-%&%!+%*,/()),5(!#$$#--(0,1#&5#!0#/-%!(!+(S!/($$9(=!(*!.(%$,55%*%!-(!B!.+""+%)%&'%(+,"'4,'%5#%5)@#"#%P%9.','"'6%c)4&#%]!'$%,)4&#%',,#%=oB$%&=>\%/#J%.#00+%5)&&'%/+/+&'7#+,)%5)"),)-'%#&%l\%5)#%.)55#"#$%(),".)%,)&%ABBo%&'%12+"'%).'%!'&#"'%'&%AT$f\$%)!'""'(),")%&'%!")!!'%/).0),"2'&)%5)&%>lA^$%'&&'%-#4#&#'%5)&&'%[.',5)%Y)/.)!!#+,)6%F'%.#00:)77'%5#%12)!"+%f\%P%/'!!'"'%5'&%AA\%5)&%>l^T%'&%T`\%5)&%ABBo%0+!g%0+()%P%/'!8!'"'%5'&%A`\%5)&%>lAB%'&%T`\%5)&%>lA^6%G)(@.'%/.+/.#+%0:)%+&".)%2,'%0)."'%!+4&#'%5#%'(-@.@,.*(,&),!*,!-%$(#5G!0,',!(&$%&5/%!,!@&,!$/(-(!-(-5#1($,!#!,!@&,!0#/,!#!+/%+/(,!'(8-./#.,)(%&#!+#/!#$$#--(0,!$%&$#&5/,)(%&#!'#**#!/($$9#))#!&#**#!1,&(!'(!+%$9(2

19Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

20 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Cos’è la finanza oggi?n2)!"+%".'!9).#(),"+%5#%.#!+.!)%5'&&=)0+,+(#'%.)'&)%'&&'%3,',7'%P%,)0)!!'.#+%

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20 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità della finanza

21Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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h%5#<0#&)%!/)02&'.)%!2#%"#"+&#%5#%G"'"+%")5)!0:#$%/).0:N%#&%&+.+%.),5#(),"+%P%/.)!!+0:N%#,-'.#'@#&)6%e+&"+%/#J%H5#8-)."),")C%!0+(()"").)%!2%"#"+&#%(+&"+%-+&'"#&#$%12'&#%12)&&#%5#%,'7#+,#%#,%5#<0+&"*%$%1#!*,!O/#$(,=!*4A/*,&',!%!%..(!*4A5,*(,2!O(.,&5#-$9#!-$%11#--#!$9#!#-,-+#/,&%!*#!+!0#&&'7#+,#%5)#%/.)77#%)%&'%!")!!'%#,!"'@#&#"*$%'"".'),5+%,2+-#%!12'&#%5)&%(+,5+%38,',7#'.#+6%G+,+%12)!"#%#%(+"#-#%'&&'%@'!)%5)&&='""2'&)%5#<0+&"*%5#%(+&"#%M')!#$%)%#,%+,/5($%*,/#!'#**%!,.)"$!!5/,!5(5%*(!(5,*(,&(!#!5(5%*(!5#'#-$9(!$9#!B!'(0#&5,5%!(*!&@%0%!+,/,1#5/%!$9#!/#.%*,!%.&(!+%*(5($,!+@;;*($,2

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21Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

22 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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22 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Le responsabilità della finanza

23Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

"+%-'%/'4'"+%'5%+4,#%0+!"+b%M.#('%5#%9'.)%9'&&#.)%4&#%)!!).#%2(',#%9+.!)%5+-.)@@).+%

9'&&#.)%&)%/).!+,)%4#2.#5#0:)%)%#,%/'."#0+&'.)%&)%@',0:)%#&%02#%0'/#"'&)%P%0+!"#"2#"+%5#%

'7#+,#$%+--).+%0'/#"'&)%5#%.#!0:#+6%G)%&)%@',0:)%,+,%/+!!+,+%9'&&#.)%12)!"+%.#!0:#+%

,+,%:'%/#J%!),!+$%)%-),4+,+%(),+%&)%.)4+&)%5#%@'!)%5)&&'%!")!!'%3,',7'6%F)%@',8

$9#!+%--%&%!,--@1#/-(!/(-$9(!-#1+/#!1,..(%/(=!&#**,!$#/5#)),!$9#!-#!*#!$%-#!0,&&%!

@),)%'2(),"',+%#%/.+3""#%/.#-'"#$%12',5+%!#%()""+,+%('&)%#,").-#),)%#&%/'.'0'528

5#!+@;;*($%!+#/!-%$(,*()),/#!*#!+#/'(5#2!\!+%--(;(*#!+#&-,/#!@&,!0(,!'4@-$(5,!',**,!

/)44#+.)%0.#!#%3,',7#'.#'%5)4&#%2&"#(#%5)0),,#%0+,"#,2',5+%'%/.)(#'.)%)%4'.',"#.)%

#&%!#!")('%3,',7#'.#+%0:)%,)%P%.)!/+,!'@#&)b%

La strada stretta del nuovo governo

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,)$%".'-+&"'%5'&&'%0.#!#%3,',7#'.#'%5)&&+%!"'"+6%F'%@',0'.+""'%P%!"'"'%/).%+.'%)-#"'"'%

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)0+,+(#0'%)%!+0#'&)%#,%4.'5+%5#%.#!','.)%#%0+,"#%/2@@&#0#%)%9'.%.#/'."#.)%#&%0#0&+%5#%0.)8

!0#"'6%[&#%#,-)!"#"+.#$%,'7#+,'&#%)5%)!").#$%/+,4+,+%3520#'%,)&%0'(@#'(),"+6

F'%/.#+.#"*%/).%#&%,2+-+%4+-).,+%P%&'%.)5'7#+,)%5#%2,%/#',+%/).%&)%3,',7)%/2@8

;*($9#! $/#'(;(*#! #! $%#/#&5#! $%&!.*(! (1+#.&(! (&5#/&,)(%&,*(=! -#$%&'%! *%.($9#!'#*!

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*#!@-$(5#=!$9#!0,&&%!'(1(&@(5#=!&#**4,1;(5%!'(!@&,!+%*(5($,!'(!/#'(-5/(;@)(%&#!'#*!

.)55#"+%0:)%9'-+.#!0'%&'%.#/.)!'%5)&&='""#-#"*%/.+52""#-'%)%5)&%&'-+.+6%d&&=#(/+!"'%

/'".#(+,#'&)%-'%'<',0'"'%&'%.)-#!#+,)%5)4&#%)!"#(#%0'"'!"'&#%)%-'%.)#,".+5+""'%&=#(8

23Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

24 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

+%-5,!'(!-@$$#--(%&#2!A&!0(,!-5/,%/'(&,/(,!0,!+/#0(-5%!@&!$%&5/(;@5%!'(!-%*(',/(#5G!!2#%0'/#"'&#% !025'"#6% L,%2,'% 9'!)% #,%02#% &)%/.+!/)""#-)%5#% #,a'7#+,)% !+,+%5)@+&#$%*4,@1#&5%!#!*,!/(1%'@*,)(%&#!'#**#!,*(?@%5#!-@**#!(1+%-5#!(&'(/#55#!LA0,!1,!,&8$9#!,$$(-#!-@(!$,/;@/,&5(!#'!,*5/#R!$%&-#&5%&%!'(!%55#&#/#!@&!.#55(5%!,..(@&5(0%!#!5#%#,5#.#77'.)%#%0+,!2(#%-).!+%9+.()%0:)%/.#-#&)4#,+%&'%12'&#"*%5)&&'%-#"'%)%#&%@)8,)!!).)%0+&&)""#-+6%G+,+%5'%'--#'.)%)<0'0#%#,#7#'"#-)%5#%&+""'%'&&=)-'!#+,)%3!0'&)%)%0+,".#@2"#-'%0:)%/+44#,+%!2%'//&#0'7#+,#%#,9+.('"#0:)%#,%4.'5+%5#%)&'@+.'.)%#,9+.81,)(%&(!'(!'#55,.*(%!+/#-#&5(!(&!1%*5#+*($(!;,-(!',5(2!

3,*!*,5%!'#**#!-+#-#!0,&&%!'/,-5($,1#&5#!5,.*(,5#!?@#**#!'#**,!+%*(5($,=!,!+,/85(/#!',!?@#**#!'(!+(S!#*#0,5%!,11%&5,/#!#!',!?@#**#!$%&!@&!$%&5#&@5%!-(1;%*($%!('44#+.)6%F)%!/)!)%5)&&'%M.)!#5),7'%5)&%W+,!#4&#+%;%^oA%(#&#+,#%,)&%@#&',0#+%5)&&+%G"'"+%5#%12)!"=',,+%;%!+,+%5'%5)0#('.)V%&)%#,5),,#"*%5)#%/'.&'(),"'.#$%#%.#(@+.!#%'#(!+,/5(5(=!.*(!%&#/(!'#**#!(-5(5@)(%&(!$#&5/,*(!#!'#(!1(&(-5#/(!-%&%!',!/('@//#!-(.&(830'"#-'(),")6%G#%5)-+,+%.#52..)%&)%!/)!)%(#&#"'.#6%F'%,."1!*1:+)"-*"-!'#0#!,00(,/-(!5'&&=)!'()%;%9'0#&)%)%5#%-)&+0)%.)'&#77'7#+,)%;%5)4&#%#,0),"#-#$%!".'"#30'"#!#%'%!)42#85%!'(!'(-5/(;@)(%&(!,!+(%..(,=!-+#--%!,!0,*#&),!$*(#&5#*,/#2

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M).%!+!"),).)%&=+002/'7#+,)%!+,+%5'%#,0+.'44#'.)%9+.()%5#%.)5#!".#@27#+,)%5)&%

24 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

La strada stretta del nuovo governo

25Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

&'-+.+6%G+,+%-#0)-).!'%5'%)!0&25).)%4&#%#,").-),"#%!2&%().0'"+%5)&%&'-+.+%-+&"#%'%

.),5).)%/.)0'.#%#%.'//+."#%)%/).!+,'&#77'.)%#%0+,".'""#%',0:)%/).0:N%,+,%9'-+.#!0+8

&%!*,!$/#-$(5,!'#**,!+/%'@55(0(5G!%!(*!1(.*(%/,1#&5%!'#**,!?@,*(5G!'(!+/%'%55(=!1,!

-%*%!*,!$%1+#5(5(0(5G!'(!;/#0#!+#/(%'%2!Q#(!$,-(!'(!1%&%+%*(%!&,5@/,*#!#!(&!?@#*8

*(! (&! $@(! (*! /(5%/&%! '#.*(! (&0#-5(1#&5(! ,00(#&#! (&! 5#1+(! +/%*@&.,5(! /(-+#55%! ,**#!

,-+#55,5(0#!'#(!+/(0,5(=!0,!+/#0(-5%!*4(&5#/0#&5%!'(/#55%!'#**4%+#/,5%/#!+@;;*($%2!A*!

-@$$#--%!'#*!&@%0%!+/%./,11,!+%/5#/G!,**,!/('@)(%&#!'#*!/(-$9(%!,--%$(,5%!,*!'#;(8

5%!+@;;*($%!#!,**,!'(1(&@)(%&#!'#*!-#/0()(%!'#*!'#;(5%!*(;#/,&'%!/(-%/-#!+#/!&@%0(!

#,-)!"#(),"#V%5)&&'%5#!0)!'%5)#%"'!!#%!#%4#+-).',,+%"2""#%#%5)@#"+.#$%9'(#4&#)%)%#(/.)8

-#=!-5(1%*,&'%!(!$%&-@1(!#!.*(!(&0#-5(1#&5(2!

Come affrontare nel merito tre grandi questioni: debito, spesa pubblica, redistribuzione

"#!,*5#/&,5(0#!+#/!*,!+%*(5($,!(5,*(,&,!-(!+%--%&%!,/5($%*,/#!(&!5/#!./,&'(!?@#-5(%&(H!

*,!.#-5(%&#!'#*!'#;(5%V!*,!/(%/.,&()),)(%&#!'#**,!-+#-,!+@;;*($,!#!*#!+%*(5($9#!+#/!*,!

'%1,&',V!*,!/#'(-5/(;@)(%&#!'#*!/#''(5%!#!'#**,!/($$9#)),2!

Come gestire un debito di 1.900 miliardi di euro (e mettere sotto controllo la finanza)t44#%&=L"'&#'%:'%2,%5)@#"+%/2@@&#0+%5#%>6lBB%(#&#'.5#%5#%)2.+$%+&".)%#&%>AB\%5)&%

M#&$%2,%#,5#0'"+.)%#(/.+/.#+%/).0:N%()"")%'%0+,9.+,"+%&+%!"+0i%5#%5)@#"+%0+,%#&%

a2!!+%5#%.)55#"#%5)&&=',,+6%c)&%ABB^%#&%.'//+."+%).'%'&%>B?\%)%0+,%&'%0.#!#%P%!'&#8

"+%.'/#5'(),")$%+&".)%#%&#-)&&#%5#%12#,5#0#%',,#%9'$%'&&='--#+%5)&&=],#+,)%(+,)"'.#'%

)2.+/)'$%12',5+%0#%!#'(+%#(/)4,'"#%0+&%_.'""'"+%5#%e''!".#0:"%'%9'.%!0),5).)%.'8

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!/)!'$%H.#9+.('C%5)&&)%/),!#+,#$%/.#-'"#77'7#+,#$%H9)5).'&#!(+C%3!0'&)%,+,%:',,+%

*,-$(,5%!5/,$$(,!-@**#!'(1#&-(%&(!'#*!'#;(5%!+@;;*($%2!E,=!(&!/#,*5G=!?@#-5%!N/(5%/8

&%Z!'#*!'#;(5%!B!-%+/,55@55%!(*!/(-@*5,5%!'#*!*@&.%!/(-5,.&%!'#**4#$%&%1(,!(5,*(,&,=!

0:)%#,%12)!"#%12#,5#0#%',,#%,+,%P%0.)!0#2"'%)5%P%/+#%!0#-+&'"'%,)&&'%0.#!#$%0:)%:'%9'"8

5%!$,'#/#!'#*!PJ!(*!K(*2!W..(!-(,1%!,&$%/,!'#*!>J!-%55%!(!*(0#**(!'(!/#''(5%!'(!+/(1,!

5)&&'%0.#!#%)%#,%").(#,#%.)'&#%#&%M#&%#"'&#',+%P%9).(+%'&%ABB>6%W+,%&=)0+,+(#'%#((+8

;(*#=!(*!+#-%!'#*!'#;(5%!+@;;*($%!L$9#!$/#-$#!,*!/(51%!'(!5,--(!'4(&5#/#--#!%/,!0($(&(!

25Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

26 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

'&%?\D%!#%9'%!),"#.)%5#%/#J$%)%4&#%'""'00:#%5)&&'%!/)02&'7#+,)%5#-),"',+%/#J%/).#8$%*%-(2

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o%)0+,+(#)%)%5)&&=)2.+$%P%12)&&+%0:)%9',,+%5'%5)0),,#%4&#%G"'"#%2,#"#%0+,%#&%5+&&'.+%)%&'%&+.+%/+"),7'%#,").,'7#+,'&)6%D&,!'($9(,/,)(%&#!'(!?@#-5%!5(+%!#*(1(&#/#;;#!%.&(!-+,)(%!+#/!*,!-+#$@*,)(%&#!-@*!'#;(5%!+@;;*($%!#@/%+#%2!\!$9(,/%!$9#!?@#-5%!/($9(#'#/#;;#!@&!$,1;(%!'#**#!/#.%*#!;%!#'%5)&%M'""+%5#%!"'@#&#"*%0:)%5#%0+()%Q,+,D%92,7#+,'%&'%S0)%;%('%12)!"+%!"'%4#*%'-8-),),5+%0+(2,12)$%'&%5#%&*%5)&&)%5#0:#'.'7#+,#%2<0#'&#%5#%H'2"+,+(#'C%5'#%4+-).,#6%

_.'%&)%.)4+&)%0:)%#%&)'5).%)2.+/)#%;%e).i)&%)%G'.i+7j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s+&0i).%)%M'2&%Y)%[.'2K)$%0+,!#4&#).)%5#%S'..+!+D$% &=#,".+527#+,)%5#% &#(#"#%'&&)%+/).'7#+,#%'&&+%!0+/)."+%Q4#*%.)'&#77'"#%#,%'&02,#%0'!#D$%&='.(+,#77'7#+,)%3!0'&)%#,%R2.+/'$%0+,%#(8/+!")%/#J%)&)-'")%!2#%.)55#"#%3,',7#'.#$%#&%0+,".'!"+%'#%/'.'5#!#%3!0'&#$%&=#!"#"27#+,)%'(!@&4,.#&)(,!'(!)$'*1:%/2@@&#0'%)2.+/)'$%(#!2.)%/).% #,5#.#77'.)% &'%3,',7'%-).8!+%#,-)!"#(),"#%,)&&=)0+,+(#'%.)'&)%)%#,".+52..)%12'&0:)%9+.('%5#%0+,".+&&+%5)4&#%

26 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Come affrontare nel merito tre grandi questioni: debito, spesa pubblica, redistribuzione

27Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!12#&#@.#%)%5)&&)%a2""2'7#+,#%5#%@.)-)%/).#+5+%,)#%a2!!#%5#%0'/#"'&)%".'%/')!#%Q,)%/'.&'%+.('#%/).3,+%#&%X+,5+%(+,)"'.#+D6

A&! ,55#-,!'(!1(-@/#!+(S! N/,'($,*(Z!'(!?@#-5%! 5(+%=! $,+,$(!'(! *(1(5,/#! (*! +%5#8.)%5)&&'%3,',7'$%&=R2.+/'%!"'%/.+0)5),5+%0+,%#&%9+,5+%H!'&-'!"'"#C%QX)!9D%)%&'%S0)%0+,"#,2'%Q0+,%9'"#0'D%&='012#!"+%5#%"#"+&#%/2@@&#0#%4#*%)()!!#%#,%/'!!'"+%5'4&#%!"'8"#%H9.'4#&#C%/).%"),).)%@'!!#%4&#%,.)"$!!#!+/%$#'#!$%&!.#&#/%-#!#1(--(%&(!'(!1%&#5,!0:)%3,',7#',+%!+&+%&)%@',0:)%)%&)%&+.+%'""#-#"*%!/)02&'"#-)6

n2',5+%0+,"',+%12)!")%5)0#!#+,#%!2&&'%/+&#"#0'%)0+,+(#0'%#"'&#','bL&%/.#(+%)8)""+%!#%:'%!2#%0+,"#%/2@@&#0#6%d&&=#,#7#+%5)&&'%0.#!#%&=L"'&#'%/'4'-'%/).%

(&5#/#--(!-@*!'#;(5%!+@;;*($%!$(/$,!67!1(*(,/'(!'(!#@/%!*4,&&%=!(*!C7J!'#**,!-+#-,!/2@@&#0'%"+"'&)$%(),".)%3,+%'&%ABB?%#&%/)!+%).'%!#4,#30'"#-'(),")%/#J%@'!!+6%W+,%&='""2'&)%.#'&7+%5)#%"'!!#%/'4'"#%/).%3,',7#'.)%#&%5)@#"+%0:)%-#),)%'%!0'5),7'$%&'%!/)!'%/2@@&#0'%5+-.*%.#!).-'.)%'&&)%.),5#")%3,',7#'.#)%2,'%9)""'%5)&%>AE>f\$%.#5280),5+%2&").#+.(),")%#%('.4#,#%/).%!/)!)%&)4'")%'%@),#%)%!).-#7#6%L&%!)0+,5+%)8)""+%P%!2#%0+,"#%0+,%&=)!").+6%L,%L"'&#'%0#.0'%()"*%5)&%5)@#"+%/2@@&#0+%P%3,',7#'"+%5'#%.#8!/'.(#%#,").,#%)%()"*%-#),)%5'%a2!!#%5#%0'/#"'&#%#,%),".'"'%0+,".+&&'"#%5'%@',0:)%)!").)$%9+,5#%/),!#+,)%)%5=#,-)!"#(),"+$%+/).'"+.#%0:)%!#%!/+!"',+%5'%2,%().0'"+%,**4,*5/%!$%&!*4%;(#55(0%!'(!1,--(1()),/#!(!/#&'(1#&5(!#'!#0(5,/#!(!/(-$9(!'(!(&-%*8-),7'6%G),7'%2,'%/+&#"#0'%)2.+/)'%0:)%!"'@#&#77#%#&%5)@#"+$%12)!"#%a2!!#%/+".)@@).+%.#52.!#$%0:#)5).)%.),5#(),"#%',0+.'%/#J%'&"#%)%.),5).)%/#J%5#<0#&)%',0:)%#&%3,',87#'(),"+%5)&&)% #(/.)!)V% #&%5)30#"%0+,% &=)!").+%5)&%/')!)%/+".)@@)%5#-),"'.)%/#J%5#<0#&)%5'% !+!"),).)6% L&% ").7+%)8)""+%5'%0+,!#5).'.)%P% !24&#% !"+0i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

Come riorganizzare la spesa pubblica (e far ripartire la domanda)F'%!/)!'%/2@@&#0'%#"'&#','%.'//.)!),"'%0#.0'%#&%`f\%5)&%M#&6%c)&%ABBl$%12',5+%

4&#%)8)""#%5)&&'%0.#!#%!#%!+,+%(',#9)!"'"#%'//#),+$%0=P%!"'"+%2,%5)30#"%5#%^B%(#&#'.85#%5#%)2.+$%#&%f\%5)&%M#&$%3,',7#'"+%0+,%,2+-+%5)@#"+6%F=#(/)4,+%#,%!)5)%)2.+/)'%'(!,//(0,/#!,*!+,/#..(%!'(!;(*,&$(%!&#*!:7C<!9,!+%/5,5%!(*!.%0#/&%!,**,!1,&%0/,!5#%'4+!"+$%0:)%/2,"'-'%'%.#52..)%#&%5)30#"%5#%fB%(#&#'.5#6%e'%#&%5)30#"%P%#&%.#!2&8

27Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

28 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

5,5%!'#**,!'(&,1($,!'#**#!#&5/,5#=!%*5/#!$9#!'#**#!@-$(5#2!U9#!$%-,!B!-@$$#--%!,*!3!0+b%c)&%ABBl$%/).%&'%/.#('%-+&"'%,)&&'%!"+.#'%(+5).,'$%&)%),".'")%".#@2"'.#)%#"'8*(,&#!9,&&%!/#.(-5/,5%!@&!$,*%!(&!0,*%/#!,--%*@5%!L$,@-,!/#$#--(%&#!#'!#0,-(%&#R2!h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

"#!-+#-#=!$%14B!&%5%=!-%&%!-5,5#!5,.*(,5#!+#/!?@,&5%!/(.@,/',!(!-,*,/(!'#(!'(8/),5),"#%/2@@&#0#$%#%".'!9).#(),"#%'4&#%),"#%&+0'&#%5)!"#,'"#%'#%!).-#7#%5#%+4,#%"#/+$%&)%/),!#+,#%5#%',7#',#"*%Q0+,%"'4&#%0:)%'-.',,+%)8)""#%(+5)!"#%)%".'%(+&"#%',,#D$%&'%!',#"*$%&'%!02+&'$%&=2,#-).!#"*$%)"06%G#%!+,+%!'&-'")%&)%4.',5#%+/).)%Q5'&%M+,")%!2&&+%G".)""+%'&&=d&"'%-)&+0#"*%_+.#,+EF#+,)$%/.+/.#+%12)&&)%0:#)!")%5'%W+,3,52!".#'%0+81#!@&%!'#(!+@&5(!$9(,0#!+#/!(*!N-@+#/.%0#/&%ZR=!*#!-+#-#!1(*(5,/(!#!+%$9#!,*5/#!0%$(!'(!;(*,&$(%2!Q#**4(&-(#1#!*,!1,&%0/,!-$,/($,!(!$%-5(!'(!,..(@-5,1#&5%!'#*!;(*,&$(%!-@(!$%&-@1,5%/(=!-@(!'(+#&'#&5(!+@;;*($(=!-@(!$(55,'(&(!$9#!@5(*()),&%!(!-#/0()(=!$%&!)8)""#%5)/.)!!#-#%!2&&'%5+(',5'%)%5#%'44.'-'(),"+%5)&&'%.)0)!!#+,)6%d,0:)%'00)"85,&'%!$%1#!(&#0(5,;(*(!.*(!,..(@-5,1#&5(!'(!;(*,&$(%=!-,/#;;#!+%--(;(*#!@&,!+%*(5($,!'(!#&5/,5#!#!'(!-+#-#!'#*!5@55%!'(0#/-,!-@(!0#($%*(!(&!;,-#!,**#!*%/%!#1(--(%&(!'(!,&(8'/('#!$,/;%&($,2

d&%5#%&*%5)&&=)().4),7'%5#%12)!"#%()!#$%"2""'-#'$%&2,4+%12)!")%5#.)7#+,#%!#%/2I%/),!'.)%'% ".'!9+.('7#+,#%5#%('44#+.% .)!/#.+6% L,% ").(#,#%5#% ),".'")% !#%5)-)% .)'8*()),/#!@&%!-+%-5,1#&5%!-%-5,&)(,*#!',*!+/#*(#0%!-@(! /#''(5(! L#--#&)(,*1#&5#!',!&'-+.+$%-#!"'%&=)-'!#+,)%3!0'&)%'""2'&)D%'&%/.)&#)-+%!2&&'%.#00:)77'%Q5#!02!!'%!+""+D%)%!2&%0+,!2(+%5#%.#!+.!)%,'"2.'&#%,+,%.#,,+-'@#&#%;%&)%H"'!!)%'(@#),"'&#C%0:)%5)80%&%!-$%/,..(,/#!*#!#1(--(%&(!(&?@(&,&5(!'(!%.&(!5(+%=!,!+,/5(/#!',**,!N7$)0/1+'$=Z=!)%9'-+.#.)%/.+527#+,#%0'/'0#%5#%.#!/'.(#'.)%),).4#'$%('").#)%/.#()$%")..#"+.#+6%Y#%9.+,")%'&&)%5#(),!#+,#%5)&&'%0.#!#$%"2""'-#'$%,+,%!#%/2I%#4,+.'.)%&'%,)0)!!#"*%5#%2,%38,',7#'(),"+%5)&&'%!/)!'%'%&#-)&&+%)2.+/)+6%W+,%&)%.)4+&)%'""2'&#$%&=],#+,)%R2.+/)'%

28 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Come affrontare nel merito tre grandi questioni: debito, spesa pubblica, redistribuzione

29Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

:'%2,%@#&',0#+%)!".)('(),")%(+5)!"+$%#,%/'.)44#+$%5#/),5),")%5'#%".'!9).#(),"#%'#(!.%0#/&(!&,)(%&,*(=!-#&),!-+,)(%!+#/!@&,!+%*(5($,!'#**,!'%1,&',2!A&!?@#-5(!1#-(!!#%P%(+&"+%5#!02!!'%&'%/+!!#@#&#"*%0:)%&=R2.+/'%)()""'%"%)/0/1!%;%"#"+&#%/2@@&#0#%4'8.',"#"#%5'&%@#&',0#+%)2.+/)+%0:)%/+".)@@).+%5'.)%'&&=R2.+/'%2,'%,2+-'%/+!!#@#&#"*%5#%!/)!'6%F'%/.+/+!"'%;%'-',7'"'%".'%4&#%'&".#%5'%M.+5#%;%:'%+""),2"+%0+,!),!#%0.)8!0),"#$%',0:)%!)%.)!"'%9).('%&=+//+!#7#+,)%5)&&'%[).(',#'%5#%d,4)&'%e).i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

Come fare una “grande redistribuzione” (e avere il consenso di quasi tutti gli italiani)Q#(!0#&54,&&(!'(!;#/*@-$%&(-1%!@&,!N./,&'#!/#'(-5/(;@)(%&#Z!$4B!-5,5,H!',**467J!

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29Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA CRISI ECONOMICA: DOVE STIAMO ANDANDO

30 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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30 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

QTD%[2#5+%_'@)&&#,#$%M'".#(+,#'&)%,+,%!#4,#30'%0.)!0#"'$%9&+2/&"+34+5)"=!C6!-#55#1;/#!:7CC

Come affrontare nel merito tre grandi questioni: debito, spesa pubblica, redistribuzione

31Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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oBB%)2.+6%Y'&&'%H4.',5)%.)5#!".#@27#+,)C%/+8".',,+%+""),).)%@),)30#%)0+,+(#0#%0+,0.)"#%12'"".+%#"'&#',#%!2%0#,12)$%)%/.+/.#+%5@55(!-(!5/%0#/#;;#/%!,!0(0#/#!(&!@&,!-%$(#5G!1#&%!'#./,',5,=!(&-($@/,!#!(&.(@-5,2!D&,!;#**,!;,-#!-%$(,*#!+#/!@&,!+%*(5($,!'(0#/-,=!#!@&,!;#**,!1,..(%/,&),!+#/!0(&8$#/#!*#!+/%--(1#!#*#)(%&(2

31Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

I NUMERI DELL’ITALIA (PREVISIONI DEL GOVERNO)

2011 2012 2013

PIL 0,7% 0,6% 0,9%Deficit 3,9% 1,6% 0,1%Debito pubblico 120,6% 119,4% 116,9%Pressione fiscale 42,7% 43,8% 43,9%Disoccupazione 8,2% 8,1% 8,2%

Fonte: Nota di aggiornamento del Def (Decisione di Finanza Pubblica)

Tabella 1

32 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 201232 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

33Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

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F'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%/.)-)5)%2,'%!).#)%5#%,+.()%)").+4),))$%0:)%-',,+%5'#%+/%00#'(1#&5(! -@**#! +#&-(%&(! ,! ?@#**(! -@**,! 1%;(*(5G! '#(! '(+#&'#&5(! +@;;*($(=!',**4,;/%.,)(%&#!'#*!$,5,*%.%!'#**#!,/1(!',!-+,/%!,(!-5,&)(,1#&5(!+#/!(!1($/%(&5#/80#&5(H!@&,!-%/5,!'(!N&"::"+!"&&"+A$17"Z=!-+,$$(,5,!+#/!(&5#/0#&5(!-@*!5#//(5%/(%2!Q#**,!F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%(',0',+$%9+."2,'"'(),")$%&)%,+.()%!2#%0+!#55)""#%&*7"18*$A"1'*+#$7*&*%Q)%0#+P%&='@.+4'7#+,)%5)&&='."#0+&+%>^D6%c+,%0#%!+,+%,)((),+%(#!2.)%'%9'-+.)%5)&&)%7+,)%'&&2-#+,'")%5#%F#42.#'%)%_+!0','%/).0:N%@#!+4,).*%'!/)""'.)%&'%12',"#38$,)(%&#!'#(!',&&(2!_#'(,1%!,*$@&#!'#**#!1(-@/#!&#*!'#55,.*(%!L/(1,&'(,1%!+#/!.*(!'!/)""#%!/)0#30#%'&&)%!)7#+,#%")('"#0:)D6%

F'%&)44)%:'%T?%'."#0+&#$%('%&='."#0+&+%TT%QH!*,./,*8*/1*+!*C"),"ZR!$%&5(#&#!;#&!<6!0+((#%5+-)%!#%".+-',+%&)%(#!2.)%/#J%5#!/'.'")$%'&&'%9'00#'%5)&&'%".'!/'.),7'%5)&&)%5)0#8!#+,#%5#%@#&',0#+$%/.+()!!'%'%!2+%")(/+%5'&%(#,#!".+%5)&&=R0+,+(#'$%[#2&#+%_.)(+,"#6%

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33Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

34 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

9+.()%5#%#,0),"#-'7#+,)%'&&'%!"'@#&#77'7#+,)%5#%12)!"#%/+!"#%5#%&'-+.+$%,+,0:N%'(81%/5()),5%/(!-%$(,*(!+#/!(!+/#$,/(!$9#!+#/'%&%!(*!+%-5%!'(!*,0%/%!L,/52!::R2

;'2,/,"%+,',0'250$'#5%'9/,',0&5%850&,',0'51$0$2,":!A*!X%&'%!+#/!.*(!(&5#/0#&8"#%!".2""2.'&#%5#%/+&#"#0'%)0+,+(#0'%Q&)44)%TBo%5)&%ABB`D%-#),)%.#5+""+%5#%@),%̀ 6ool%1(*(%&(!+#/!(*!:7C:2!Q%&!B!$#/5%!(*!1%'%!1(.*(%/#!+#/!-%-5#&#/#!*,!/(+/#-,!#$%&%81($,!#!*,!$/#-$(5,!L,/52!<<R2

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34 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

35Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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35Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LA CONTROMANOVRA DI SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012 IN SINTESI (dettaglio alle pagine 103-127)

! ENTRATE " USCITE

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

36 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 201236 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

TAGLI ALLA SPESA PUBBLICA Riduzione delle spese militari 3.000Fine missione militare in Afghanistan 616Riduzione programmi sistemi d’arma 783Altri programmi spese militari 92Cancellazione sussidi scuole private 700Chiusura dei Cie 174Cancellazione Grandi opere 1.543Avvio passaggio PA all’Open Source 2.000Riordino convenzioni private sanità 1.000Cancellazione sussidi autotrasporto 400

LEGALITÀ E GIUSTIZIA FISCALETassazione delle rendite 2.000Progressività fiscale 1.200Tassa patrimoniale 10.500Altre tasse di scopo 1.320Contributo solidarietà 15.000 capitali scudati

TOTALE 40.328

LAVORO Amm.ortizzatori sociali 1.000 e passaggio co.pro a dipendenti

REDDITI14a per le pensioni più basse 1.000Recupero fiscal drag, salari, 4.000 reddito minimo

IMPRESE/SVILUPPOInnovazione e ricerca 1.100Fotovoltaico ed efficienza energetica 2.000Imprenditoria/economia sociale 540Piccole opere 913

WELFAREAsili nido 1.000Liveas e non autosufficienza 2.400Scuola e Università 5.850Sanità 220Accoglienza immigrati 174Altri interventi (casa, consultori, ecc) 655

AMBIENTE Protocollo Kyoto 200Ferrovie pendolari e trasporto locale 1.440Difesa del suolo ed altri interventi 1.432

PACE E DISARMO Aiuto pubblico allo sviluppo 400Servizio civile 200Riconversione industria bellica ed altro 207

PIANO GIOVANI 3.000

A RIDUZIONE DEL DEBITO 12.597

TOTALE 40.328

" Uscite

37Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Giustizia e legalità fiscale

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e'%&'%.#9+.('%3!0'&)%/.)!2//+,)%',0:)%2,%.#+.5#,+%5)&&'%!")!!'$%0#+P%2,%)12#&#@.#+%".'%&)%#(/+8!")%!2&&+%!"+0i%)%#&%!2&%.)55#"+6%d%/'.#"*%5#%/.)!!#+,)%3!0'&)%P%/+!!#@#&)%'&&)44).#.)%&'%/.)!!#+,)%3!0'&)%!2&%.)55#"+$%'&&'.4',5+%&'%/.)!!#+,)%!2&%/'".#(+,#+$%'&%,)""+%5#%12)&&+%5)!"#,'"+%'&&='""#-#"*%.)'&)%0:)%-'&)%#&%`\%5)&&'%.#00:)77'6%d&&'%3,)%+00+..)%,&$9#!',/-(!@&!%;;(#55(0%!'(!1#'(%!5#/1(&#=!$(%B!,..,&$(,/#!*,!?@%5,!'(!/#''(5%!',!*,0%/%!,**,!1#'(,!'#(!+,#-(!#@/%+#(2!F*!1%1#&5%!*,!?@%5,!'(!/#''(5%!',!*,0%/%!#,%R2.+/'%/)!'%/).%#&%`^$o\$%(),".)%#,%L"'&#'%/)!'%/).%#&%`>$l\6%L&%3!0+%/2I%0+,".#8@2#.)%'%.)02/).'.)%12)!"'%5#8).),7'%/).%'&(),+%&'%()"*$%0#+P%̀ B%(&5%5#%)2.+6%c+,%"2""+%#,%2,%',,+$%('%5),".+%2,'%.#9+.('%3!0'&)%P%2,%+@@#)""#-+%0+).),")6

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Q#*!+/(1%!$,-%!-(!+/#0#'#!(*!+,--,..(%!',!?@,55/%!,!5/#!,*(?@%5#H!:78<78I7J!0+,%',0+.'%,+,%0:#'.)%0+,!)42),7)%!2&%0'.#0+%3!0'&)%5)#%0+,".#@2),"#6%c)&%0'!+%'(!?@#**(!+(S!/($$9(!L%*5/#!(!P71(*,!#@/%R!(*!0,&5,..(%!B!#0('#&5#H!-(!+,--,!',!@&4,8

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

38 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

*(?@%5,!'#*!I<J!,'!@&,!'#*!I7J2!Q#(!$,-(!/#-5,&5(!B!'@;;(%!$9#!$(!-(,&%!0,&5,..(!)%.#!/'.(#O%#,9'""#%0#I%0:)%P%0+,"),2"+%,)&&'%&)44)%5)&)4'%-'%0+(@#,'"+%0+,%12',85%!.(G!+/#0(-5%!',**,!1,&%0/,!'(!*@.*(%!$9#!5,.*(,!,!+,/5(/#!',*!:7CC!L1,!*,!+,/5#!/#J%#(/+."',")%.#42'.5'%#&%AB>AD%@),%A`(#&#'.5#%5#%5)".'7#+,#%3!0'&#%Q#,%'"")!'%5)&%.#+.5#,+%5)&&)%'4)-+&'7#+,#%3!0'&#$%/.)-#!"+%5'&&'%()5)!#('%&)44)%5)&)4'D$%5#%02#%2!29.2#!0+,+% #%0+,".#@2),"#%5)&&)%0&'!!#%5#% .)55#"+%()5#+E@'!!)O%5'&&)%5)".'7#+,#%+#/!(!'(-,;(*(!,!$,/($%!,!?@#**#!-@.*(!(&5#/#--(!+#/!(*!1@5@%!+#/!*,!+/(1,!$,-,=!,!1%*5(!'&".#6%G#%".'""'%5#%2,'%.#9+.('%3!0'&)%5#%!)4,+%.)4.)!!#-+O%9'.*%.#!/'.(#'.)%!#02.'8(),")%#%/#J%.#00:#$%(),".)%.#!0:#'%5#%9'.%/'4'.)%5#%/#J%"2""#%4&#%'&".#6%G@#&',0#'(+0#u%(&0#$#!+/%+%&#!'(!+%/5,/#!*4,*(?@%5,!'#*!I<!,*!I>J!+#/!(!/#''(5(!-@+#/(%/(!,!P71(8&'%)2.+%)%5#%#,".+52..)%&='&#12+"'%5)&%`l\%/).%#%.)55#"#%!2/).#+.#%'#%ABB(#&'%)2.+6%\!(&'@;;(%=!$%1@&?@#=!(*!;(-%.&%!'(!-+%-5,/#!*,!5,--,)(%&#!',*!*,0%/%!#!',(!/#''(8"#%'&&)%.),5#")%)%'#%/'".#(+,#6%c+,%!+&+6%G#%/2I%2!'.)%&'%/+&#"#0'%3!0'&)%',0:)%/).%%/(#&5,/#!$%&-@1(!#!+/%'@)(%&(H!$%&!*#!5,--#!#$%*%.($9#!#!$%&!5,--#!'(!-$%+%!$9#!/+!!',+%;%0+&/),5+%/.+527#+,#%)%0+,!2(#%5',,+!#%;%9'-+.#.)%2,%(+5)&&+%5#%!-#8*@++%!'(0#/-%2

c)&%!)0+,5+%0'!+%;%!)0+,5+%&'%&)44)%5)&)4'%;%!#%5+-.)@@)%#,".+52..)%3,'&(),85#!@&,!1,..(%/#!5,--,)(%&#!-@**#!/#&'(5#=!$9#!-,*(/#;;#!',*!C:=>!,*!:7J2!E,!&%&!/).%"2""#6%L%"#"+&#%5#%!"'"+%!+,+%)!),"'"+%5'%12)!"+%'2(),"+6%n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u%/.+/+,)%5'%")(/+%0:)%&'%"'!!'7#+,)%!#'%5)&%AT\%)%0:)%.#42'.5#%"2"")%&)%9+.()%5#%.),5#"'%3,',7#'.#'6%G#%/+".)@@)%;%'&%&#(#8")%;%/.)-)5).)%2,'%!+."'%5#%9.',0:#4#'%Q>BB(#&'%)2.+D%!+&+%/).%#%!#,4+&#%5)"),"+.#%Q9'(#4&#)$%/),!#+,'"#D%5#%"#"+&#%5#%!"'"+$%!+""+%&'%12'&)%!#%0+,"#,2).)@@)%'%/'4'.)%#&%C:=>J2!",!*#..#!'#*#.,!&%&!+/#0#'#!*4(&5/%'@)(%&#!'(!@&,!(1+%-5,!+,5/(1%&(,*#!0:)%/).%G@#&',0#'(+0#u%.'//.)!),"'%2,'%12)!"#+,)%9+,5'(),"'&)O%@#!+4,'%0+&/#.)%*#!./,&'(!/($$9#))#!-(,!+#/!,00(,/#!@&4%+#/,!'(!-%-5#.&%!,(!$%&5(!+@;;*($(!$9#!+#/!9'-+.#.)%.)5#!".#@27#+,)%5)&&'%.#00:)77'%'%9'-+.)%5)&&)%0&'!!#%5#%.)55#"+%()5#+E@'!8!)6%F'%/.+/+!"'%5#%G@#&',0#'(+0#u%;%.#/.)!'%',0:)%5'&%.)""+.)%5)&&'%S+00+,#$%[2#5+%_'@)&&#,#%;%P%12)&&'%5#%2,'%/).(',),")%#(/+!"'%/'".#(+,#'&)%5)&%f%/).%>BBB$%0+.8

Giustizia e legalità fiscale

39Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

.)""'%#,%!),!+%/.+4.)!!#-+%#,%(+5+%5'%0+&/#.)%!#4,#30'"#-'(),")%#%/'".#(+,#%/#J%!+!"',7#+!#6%L,+&".)%@#!+4,'%"'!!'.)%&'%3,',7'%!/)02&'"#-'%0+,%2,'%K/0*1+'$=+'(!,*8(),+%&+%B$Bf\%!2%"2""#%&)%+/).'7#+,#%!/)02&'"#-)%5#%0'.'"").)%3,',7#'.#+6

s'%.#0+.5'"+%0:)%5'&&=#,#7#+%5)&%!2+%+/).'"+%#&%4+-).,+%S).&2!0+,#%:'%/.#-'"+%&'%&+""'%'&&=)-'!#+,)%3!0'&)%5#%#(/+."',"#%!".2(),"#%5#%0+,".'!"+O%0',0)&&',5+%&=)&),0+%0&#),"#E9+.,#"+.#$%'@+&),5+%&=d&"+%W+((#!!'.#'"+%/).%&'%F+""'%'&&'%W+..27#+,)$%.#'&8),&'%!(*!*(0#**%!'#**4@-%!'#(!$%&5,&5(!,!>1(*,!#@/%=!(&'#;%*#&'%!(*!$%&5/%**%!'#**,!".'00#'@#&#"*%5)#%/'4'(),"#6%G@#&',0#'(+0#u%/.+/+,)%&'%.)#,".+527#+,)6%F)%,+"#7#)%!2&%.)02/).+%5'%/'.")%5)&&=d4),7#'%5)&&)%R,".'")$%4.'7#)%'&%!200)!!+%5#%'&02,)%'""#80(5G!'(!,$$#/5,1#&5%=!&%&!5(#&#!$%&5%!$9#!(&!5/#!,&&(!$(!-%&%!-5,5(!%*5/#!:7!1(*(,/'(!)-'!#+,)%5)&&=L-'%Q0+(/.)!'%12)&&'%5#%2,'%/'.")%5)&&+%!025+%3!0'&)$%!2%02#%0=P%2,%0+,"),7#+!+%'/)."+%0+,%&'%W+((#!!#+,)%R2.+/)'$%)!!),5+%&=L-'%2,'%#(/+!"'%0+(28,#"'.#'D%)%0:)%!+&+%,)&%ABBl%0=P%!"'"+%2,%0.+&&+%5)&%Af\%5)#%-).!'(),"#%'%0'.#0+%5)&%&'-+.+%'2"+,+(+%)%5)&&)%#(/.)!)6%W=P%!"'"+%2,%#,5)@+&#(),"+%9+."#!!#(+%5)&&'%9)85)&"*%3!0'&)%#,%12)!"#%".)%',,#6%F'%&+""'%'&&=)-'!#+,)%5)-)%)!!).)%.#/.)!'%)%.#&',0#'"'%$%&!-5/@1#&5(!+(S!,'#.@,5(!#'!(&$(-(0(2!

S#!+4,'%.#&',0#'.)%&=#5)'%;%)"#0'%)%0#-#&)%;%5)&&'%4#2!"#7#'%)%5)&&'%&)4'&#"*%3!0'&)%$%1#!-5/@1#&5%!+#/!,--($@/,/#!*,!$%#-(%&#!-%$(,*#=!(!-#/0()(!+@;;*($(=!.*(!(&5#/0#&8"#%!+0#'&#$%#&%@),)!!).)%5#%02#%2,'%0+(2,#"*%:'%9+,5'(),"'&)%@#!+4,+6%F'%9)5)&"*%)%&'%&)'&"*%3!0'&)%!+,+%9+,5'(),"'&#%/).%.#0+!".2#.)%2,+%H!/#.#"+%/2@@&#0+C$%9+,5'8(),"'&)%',0:)%/).%9'.%.#/'."#.)%&=)0+,+(#'%5)&%,+!".+%/')!)6%M).%+""),).)%12)!"+%+@#)""#-+%&=#,5#0'7#+,)%5)&&'%H/.+4.)!!#-#"*C%;%0+,"),2"'%,)&&='."6%fT%5)&&'%W+!"#8"27#+,)%;%5)-)%)!!).)%".'5+""'%#,%2,'%('44#+.)%4#2!"#7#'%3!0'&)%)%!+0#'&)%)%,)&&+%-5#--%!5#1+%!;(-%.&,!1#55#/#!(&!$,1+%!$%&!$%&0(&)(%&#!5@55(!.*(!-5/@1#&5(!&#$#-8!'.#%/).%!0+,344).)%&=)-'!#+,)%)%&'%2!#+,)%3!0'&)6

Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile

La manovra finanziaria (n.111) di luglio 2011

L%0+,"),2"#%5)&&'%(',+-.'%/.)5#!/+!"'%5'&%4+-).,+%S).&2!0+,#$%'//'#+,+%5)&%5@55%!(&,'#.@,5(!,**,!./,0(5G!'#**,!$/(-(!$9#!-5(,1%!0(0#&'%=!$9#!B!+,/,**#*,1#&5#!-%$(,*#=!#$%&%1($,!#!,1;(#&5,*#2![@#-5,!1,&%0/,!,$@(-$#!*#!'(-@.@,.*(,&)#=!,.8./,0,!*,!+/#$,/(#5G=!/('@$#!*,!-($@/#)),!'#(!$(55,'(&(!#!,../#'(-$#!(*!5#//(5%/(%2

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

40 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

A&!$%&$/#5%=!.*(!,-+#55(!&#.,5(0(!'#**,!1,&%0/,!#$%&%1($,=!5/,!(*!+/(1%!3#80.)"+%'//.+-'"+%5)3,#"#-'(),")%'%&24&#+%)%12)&&+%'//.+-'"+$%!+,+%(+&")/&#0#6%L,%+/(1(-=!*4,55,$$%!+#/+#5/,5%!,!',&&%!'#*!5#//(5%/(%=!,!+,/5(/#!',*!0(,!*(;#/,!',5%!,'!@&4#'(*()(,!-#*0,..(,!#!'(!/,+(&,2!Q#**,!1,&%0/,!,++/%0,5,!,!*@.*(%!-%&%!-5,5#!#,9'""#%#,".+5+"")%(+5#30:)%'&%12'5.+%,+.('"#-+%0:)%42'.5',+%'&%/'!!'"+$%'%2,'%-5,.(%&#!'(!-0(*@++%!-#&),!/#.%*#!#!'(!'#./,'%!(&0#$#!$9#!0#/-%!@&,!-5,.(%&#!'(!,2+-'%12'&#"*$%'""),7#+,)%'&%/')!'44#+%)%'#%-'&+.#%5)&%5)&#0'"+%)%9.'4#&)%")..#"+8/(%!(5,*(,&%2!3%+%!*4(&5/%'@)(%&#!'#**,!3(,!+#/!*,/.,!+,/5#!'#**#!%+#/#!#'(*()(#!#!&'%!200)!!#-'%2&").#+.)%!)(/&#30'7#+,)%0+,%&'%G0#'$%!#%P%'..#-'"#%#,9'""#%'5%#,".+852..)%#&%!#&),7#+%'!!),!+%',0:)%/).%&)%+/).'7#+,#%)5#&#7#)%/#J%0+(/&)!!)$%3,+%'5%+44#%!+44)"")%'%/).()!!+%5#%0+!".2#.)$%0+&%.#!0:#+%;%)!!),5+%',0+.'%(+&"#!!#(#%(!U%1@&(!-#&),!+(,&(!/#.%*,5%/(!'(!&@%0,!.#&#/,)(%&#!%!$%&!/#.%*,1#&5,)(%&#!',0+.'%4),).#0'%;%5#%".'!9+.('.)%#&%")..#"+.#+%#,%2,%0+'0).-+%5#%#,").-),"#%/.#80(!'(!'(-#.&%!%/.,&($%=!$9#!,../,0#/G!(*!/(-$9(%!('/%.#%*%.($%=!%*5/#!,'!,**,/.,/#!*#!1,.*(#!,**4,;@-(0(-1%!-#&),!',/#!,*$@&,!/(-+%-5,!&^!,(!;(-%.&(!,;(5,5(0(!&^!,!?@#**(!%$$@+,)(%&,*(!#!/#&'#&'%!(&.%0#/&,;(*#!(*!5#//(5%/(%=!$%&!./,0(!/(-$9(!+#/!*,!-($@/#)),!'#(!$(55,'(&(2!

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d,0:)%#%/.+--)5#(),"#%0:)%-+..)@@).+%!/#,4).)%&'%.#12'&#30'7#+,)%2.@','%.#8!2&"',+%/).#0+&+!#O%,+,+!"',")%#&%9'&&#(),"+%5)&%0+!#55)""+%H/#',+%0'!'C%-'.'"+%5'&%4+-).,+%,)&%ABBl$%#,9'""#$%-),4+,+%.#/.+/+!")%&)%(#!2.)%5#%#,0),"#-'7#+,)%-+&28()".#0'%'&&'.4'")%'5%+4,#%92,7#+,)$%,+,%!+&+%12)&&'%.)!#5),7#'&)$%('%'&%5#%92+.#%5#%

Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile

41Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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t00+..)%2,'% .#a)!!#+,)%/+,5).'"'%)%/.+--)5#(),"#%2.4),"#%/).%'--#'.)%2,'%!).#'%(',2"),7#+,)%)%.#12'&#30'7#+,)%5)&%/'".#(+,#+%)5#&#7#+%)%5)&%")..#"+.#+%#"'8&#',+6% h% ,)0)!!'.#+% '--#'.)% 2,'% /.+9+,5'% #,,+-'7#+,)% 0:)% '@@#'% '&% 0),".+% 4&#%%;(#55(0(!$9#!/(.@,/',&%!(*!$*(1,!#!*,!/('@)(%&#!'#(!$%&-@1(!#&#/.#5($(!&#**#!,;(5,8)(%&(=!$%1#!$(!(1+%&.%&%!*#!'(/#55(0#!#@/%+##=!#!*,!1#--,!(&!-($@/#)),!-5,5($,!'#.*(!)5#30#6%h%'%/'."#.)%5'%12#%0:)%-',,+%!+!"),2")%,2+-)%3&#).)%#,52!".#'&#%)%.#&',0#'"'%&=+002/'7#+,)6%t00+..)$%#,+&".)$%'--#'.)%.#9+.()%/.+9+,5)%0:)%/).()""',+%'&%,+8!".+%M')!)%5#%.#52..)%#&%5)@#"+%/2@@&#0+%9'0),5+%/'4'.)%0:#%,+,%&+%:'%('#%9'""+$%0+()%&)%"',")%&+@@j%0:)%5#!".244+,+%&='(@#),")%)%#&%/')!'44#+%#"'&#',+O%0:#%!9.2""'%#&%5)(',#+$%&)%0'-)$%&)%!+.4),"#%#5.#0:)$%&)%0'!)%!3"")6%

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c+,+!"',")%#&%M')!)%!#'%5)-'!"'"+%5'&&)%5#!0'.#0:)%5#%.#32"#%/).#0+&+!#%)%5'&&)%'"8"#-#"*%5)&&=)0+('3'%0:)%+/).',+%#,%12)!"+%!)""+.)$%!#%P%"),"'"+%',0:)%5#%'@+&#.)%#&%G#!".#$%#&%5#!02!!+%!#!")('%5#%".'00#'@#&#"*%5)#%.#32"#%0:)%12)!"+%!")!!+%4+-).,+%'-)8-'%!0)&"+$%9'0#&#"',5+%0+!g%&'%-#"'%'&&'%0.#(#,'&#"*%)%()""),5+%',0+.'%/#J%'%.#!0:#+%*,!-($@/#)),!'#(!$(55,'(&(2!34,*5/,!+,/5#=!(*!5#1,!'#**,!*#.,*(5G!&%&!B!#0('#&5#1#&5#!".'%&)%/.#+.#"*%5#%12)!"+%4+-).,+%0:)%:'%/).!+%',0:)%&=),,)!#('%+00'!#+,)$%+8)."'%',*!/#$#+(1#&5%!'#**,!'(/#55(0,!#@/%+#,!-@(!/#,5(!,1;(#&5,*(=!+#/!(&5/%'@//#!?@#8-5(!'#*(55(!&#*!$%'($#!+#&,*#2!U%-($$9^=!(!/#,5(!,1;(#&5,*(!$%&5(&@,&%!,!/(#&5/,/#!5/,!

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

42 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

*#!$%&5/,00#&)(%&(=!*#!-,&)(%&(!/(1,&.%&%!-$,/-,1#&5#!'#5#//#&5(!#!(!5#1+(!'(!+/#8-$/()(%&#!;,--(--(1(=!,!5@55%!0,&5,..(%!'#(!'(-%&#-5(2

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F'%(',+-.'%3,',7#'.#'%5#%&24&#+%"'4&#'%ff$A%(#&#+,#%5#%)2.+%#,%".)%',,#6%c)&%$%1+*#--%=!(*!E(;,$!+%5/#;;#!+#/'#/#!@&!?@(&5%!'#*!+#/-%&,*#=!$(/$,!I1(*,!'(+#&8'#&5(=!/(-$9(,&'%!$%-c!'(!&%&!#--#/#!+(S!(&!$%&'()(%&#!'(!#-#/$(5,/#!1%*5#!'#**#!-@#!92,7#+,#%5#%!'&-'42'.5#'%5)&%,+!".+%/'".#(+,#+6%d#%/),!#+,'(),"#%,+,%!)42#.',8&%!&@%0#!,--@&)(%&(!#!$%&-('#/,&'%!$9#!*4#5G!1#'(,!'#*!+#/-%&,*#!B!'(!$(/$,!'(!>>!',,#$%P%9'0#&)%/.)-)5).)%4&#%)8)""#%5#%12)!"#%"'4&#%!2&%,+!".+%/'".#(+,#+%02&"2.'&)$%,!+,/5(/#!',!K%1+#(=!',.*(!,/$9(0(!#!',**#!;(;*(%5#$9#!$9#!*%55,&%!%.&(!.(%/&%!+#/!0+,"#,2'.)%'%.#(',).)%'/).")$%5'#%4&+.#+!#%!"25#%5#%W#,)0#""*$%/).%9'.)%!+&+%12'&80:)%)!)(/#+$%'#%12'&#%5+@@#'(+%'44#2,4).)%',0:)%#%"'4&#%'4&#%R,"#%F+0'&#$%0:)%!+,+%#%02!"+5#%/.#,0#/'&#%5)&&=#((),!+%/'".#(+,#+%!"+.#0+E02&"2.'&)%5#82!+%5)&%,+!".+%M')!)%0+,%2&").#+.#%)8)""#%,)4'"#-#%!2&&'%"2")&'$%-'&+.#77'7#+,)%)%!2&&'%/.+(+7#+8,)%5)#%@),#%)%5)&&)%'""#-#"*%02&"2.'&#%)%!2&&)%0+,5#7#+,#%&'-+.'"#-)%)%/.+9)!!#+,'&#%5#%$9(!$(!*,0%/,2

"4,**#&5,1#&5%!'#(!0(&$%*(!'(!-,*0,.@,/'(,=!*4(1+%--(;(*(5G!'(!1%&(5%/,/#!#!-,*80,.@,/',/#!(*!&%-5/%!+,5/(1%&(%!+#/!(!5,.*(!,**#!-5/@55@/#!#!,*!+#/-%&,*#=!*4@*5#/(%/#!+/#$,/()),)(%&#!'#*! *,0%/%!&#*!-#55%/#!-%&%!?@(&'(!.*(! (&./#'(#&5(!+/(&$(+,*(!'#(!+/%00#'(1#&5(!.%0#/&,5(0(!$9#!-#1;/,&%!/(-+%&'#/#!+(S!,!(-5,&)#!('#%*%.($9#!$9#!,+,%'&&'%-+&+,"*%5#%.#&',0#'.)%&'%,+!".'%)0+,+(#'6%c)&&'%3,',7#'.#'%5#%&24&#+$%#,+&8".)$%+&".)%'5%)!!).)%/.)-#!"'% &'%/+!!#@#&#"*%/).% #&%e#,#!").+%5)#%S),#%W2&"2.'&#%5#%,$$#'#/#!,**#!.(G!-5/(1(&)(5#!/(-%/-#!'#*!>!+#/!1(**#!'#-5(&,5#!,**#!%/.,&()),)(%&(!,+,%/.+3"$%!+,+%!"'"#%#,!).#"#%',0:)%"'4&#%4.'-+!#%/).%&)%/#00+&)%!02+&)%5)#%W+(2,#%'(!1%&5,.&,!#!'#**#!(-%*#=!.(G!+#&,*()),5#!',(!5,.*(!'#*!:776!%+#/,5(!-@!5@55%!(*!-(8

Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile

43Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

-5#1,!'#**4(-5/@)(%&#!#!'#**4@&(0#/-(5G=!$%&!*,!-%++/#--(%&#!'#**,!-#./#5#/(,!#!'#**,!+/#-('#&),!+#/!5@55#!*#!-$@%*#!-%55%!(!>77!,*@&&(2!F!5@55%!?@#-5%!#*#&$%!'%;;(,1%!,..(@&.#/#!(!/#$#&5(!#1#&',1#&5(!/#*,5(0(!,(!+($$%*(!U%1@&(!+#/!(!$@(!(!1@&($(+(!!+""+%#%(#&&)%'@#"',"#%!'.)@@).+%+@@&#4'"#%'%5)&)4'.)%+4,#%92,7#+,)%'((#,#!".'"#-'%)%5#%/.+4.'(('7#+,)%)0+,+(#0+E3,',7#'.#'%'%2,%,2+-+%),")$%&)%],#+,#%e2,#0#8+,*(=!,@1#&5,&'%!$%-c!*,!;@/%$/,)(,=!(!$%-5(!#!(!'(--#/0()(!+#/!(!$(55,'(&(2!A&%*5/#!&=)!"),!#+,)%5)&%M'""+%5#%G"'@#&#"*%',0:)%/).%12)!"#%,2+-#%),"#%,+,%/+".*%0:)%/)48.(%/,/#!*,!+%--(;(*(5G!'(!.%0#/&%!'#*!5#//(5%/(%2

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

La Legge di Stabilità approvata il 12 novembre 2011

"4#0('#&),!+*,-5($,!'(!?@,*#!-(,!(*!+#-%!#!*,!?@,*(5G!'#**#!+%*(5($9#!,1;(#&5,*(!,)&&'%e',+-.'%AB>A%!#%/2I%.#'!!2().)%#,%".)%/.#,0#/'&#%#(('4#,#%)%#,%2,'%!).#)%5#%,*5/#!$%&-('#/,)(%&(!$9#=!,55/,0#/-,&%!*,!A$1/C)$+",'*C$%Q5&%l^kAB>>D%)%&'%A$1/C)$+!*+#"))$:/,'/%Q5&%>T^kAB>>D%/).%'..#-'.)%'&%Y#!)4,+%Q55&D%!2&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>A%0:)%:'%#,#7#'"+%#&%!2+%#").%'&%G),'"+6%F)%".)%#(('4#,#%!+,+%&)4'")O%'%12',"+%/)!'%&='(@#),")%,)&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>AV%'%12'&#%.#!+.!)%-),4+,+%5)!"#,'")%'&%92,7#+,'(),"+%5)&%e#,#!").+%5)&&=d(@#),")%)%5)&&'%"2")&'%5)&%")..#"+.#+%)%5)&%('8.)V%'%12',"#%)%12'&#%9+,5#%-)..',,+%5)!"#,'"#%/).%9'.%9.+,")%'&%.#!0:#+%#5.+4)+&+4#0+6

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

44 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

L;FG$A0*"1'"+1"&&$+F"::"+!*+2'$0*&*'M+3NL32!F'!(&5#/0#&5(!(&!$,1+%!,1;(#&5,*#!-#),)%5)!"#,'"'$%'%&)4#!&'7#+,)%-#4),")$%,)&%55&%!2&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>A$%&'%(#!).'%0#9.'%5#%`T$`lo%(#&#+,#%5#%)2.+%Q/).%/'4'.)%4&#%#,").-),"#%!2&&'%5#9)!'%5)&%1,/#=!-@**#!,/##!+/%5#55#=!-@**,!U(#5-!$%&0#&)(%&#!(&5#/&,)(%&,*#!+#/!*#!-+#$(#!(&!0(,!'(!#-5(&)(%&#!#!*#!,55(0(5G!'#**4A-+/,=!*4(-5(5@5%!'(!/($#/$,!'#*!E(&(-5#/%R!#?@(8-'&),"#%'&&+%B$o\%5)&%"+"'&)%5)&&'%(',+-.'%Q5'%f$?fT%(#&#'.5#%5#%)2.+%,)&%AB>AD$%0#9.'%0:)%.'44#2,4)%12+"'%A6>\%!)%!#%'44#2,4+,+$%#(/.+/.#'(),")$%#%of$^TT%(#8&#+,#%5#%)2.+%/.)-#!"#%#,%_'@)&&'%S%12'&)%'00',"+,'(),"+%Q0+()%!#%!'%/2.'(),")%342.'"#-+D%/).%&'%5#9)!'%5)&%!2+&+%Q-6%/2,"+%TD6%W+()%-)5.)(+%',0:)%,)&%/2,"+%!200)!!#-+%5)5#0'"+%'&%S#&',0#+%5)&%e#,#!").+$%12)!"'%!#"2'7#+,)%#,0:#+5'%12)!"+%5#0'!").+%'%('&'%/),'%'%".+-'.)%.#!+.!)%/).%9'.%92,7#+,'.)%'%-2+"+%2,'%('00:#,'%,11(&(-5/,5(0,!$9#!&%&!9,!+(S!&#**,!-%-5,&),!,*$@&,!$,+,$(5G!'(!(&5#/0#&5%!&#*!K,#-#!#!@&4#0,&#-$#&5#!$%+#/5@/,!+%*(5($,!&#**,!'(,*#55($,!,**4(&5#/&%!'#*!U%&-(8.*(%!'#(!E(&(-5/(2

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Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile

45Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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W+,!#5).'"+%0:)$%)!0&2!)% &)% !/)!)%/).% #&% 92,7#+,'(),"+%0:)%!+,+%,)&%S#&',0#+%5#%/.)-#!#+,)%AB>A%5#%5)""+%5#0'!").+$%#%"'4&#%/.)-#!"#%5'&%Y5&%!2&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#85G!:7C:!0,&&%!,'!(&$('#/#!+#/!C:I!1(*(%&(!-@(!C67!1(*(%&(!'(!#@/%!$(/$,=!'#-5(&,5(!+4,#%',,+%'5%#,").-),"#%Q,)&&)%'.))%/.+")"")%('.#,)%)%")..)!".#$%)<0#),7'%)%.#!/'.(#+%),).4)"#0#$%'""2'7#+,)%5)&%M.+"+0+&&+%5#%vj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`l%(#&#+,#%)%,)&%ABBl$%/.#(+%',,+%5)&%4+-).,+%S).&2!0+,#$%).'%5#%>%(#&#'.5+%)%A?f%(#&#+,#6%L,%12'"".+%',,#%&)%.#!+.!)%5)!"#,'")%5'&%4+-).,+%,'7#+,'&)%'%"2")&'%'#**4,1;(#&5#!-(!-%&%!/('%55#!,!C]I2!\!&#$#--,/(%!,&$9#!/($%/',/#!$9#!(*!E(&(-5#/%!

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

46 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

'#**4F1;(#&5#=!0(-5#!*#!.(G!/('%55(--(1#!/(-%/-#!,--#.&,5#=!B!-5%/($,1#&5#!(*!'($,-5#/%!'%02#%-),4+,+%5)!"#,'"#%(),+%3,',7#'(),"#%)%5#%0+,!)42),7'%.#!2&"'%',0:)%)!!).)%(*!+(S!+#&,*()),5%!5/,!?@#**(!$9#=!(&!?@,*$9#!1%'%=!(&5#/0#&.%&%!(&!$,1+(!,&,*%.9(2

L,9'""#$%#&%e#,#!").+%/).%#%S),#%)%&)%d""#-#"*%W2&"2.'&#$%0:)%!)0+,5+%&'%F)44)%5#%G"'8@#&#"*%AB>>%'-)-'%#,%S#&',0#+%,)&%AB>A%>6`A>6fTB6oA?%)2.+%)%,)&%AB>T%>6`>o6lB^6oB^%)2.+$%:'%2,%"'4&#+%'&&=R&),0+%>%)Z%'."6%T%5)&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%5#%B%(&,%5#%)2.+%,)&%AB>A$%5#%>>$^>A%(&,%,)&%AB>T$%'%02#%!#%'44#2,4)%2,%"'4&#+%5#%A^$Tol%(&,%5#%)2.+%,)&%AB>`6%L&%e#,#!").+%5)&&)%M+&#"#0:)%'4.#0+&)$%'&#(),"'.#%)%9+.)!"'&#%0:)%!)0+,5+%&'%F)484)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>>%'-)-'%#,%S#&',0#+%,)&%AB>A%5#%>6A?l6fB>6>f^%)2.+%)%,)&%AB>T%5#%>6>o^6>TA$>Al%)2.+$%:'%2,%"'4&#+%'&&=R&),0+%>%)Z%'."6%T%5)&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%5#%>A?$To`%(&,%,)&%AB>A%)%5#%`o$T?`%(&,%,)&%AB>T$%'%02#%!#%'44#2,4)%2,%"'4&#+%5#%?^$AAl%(&,%,)&%AB>`6

A*!1,&5#&(1#&5%!(&5#./,*#!'#**%!-5,&)(,1#&5%!+/#0(-5%!+#/!(*!:7C<!',**,!"#..#!5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>>%/).%#&%e#,#!").+%5)#%S),#%)%5)&&)%d""#-#"*%02&"2.'&#%5#(+!".'$%0:)%!)%0#%9+!!)%&'%-+&+,"*%/+&#"#0'$%('.4#,#%5#%(',+-.'%!'.)@@).+%/+!!#@#&#6

BCD,+@,4E+'4,+*"'1F"(+"#*(;%(,(;"1(<!3,5(!(!./,0(--(1(!#0#&5(!,**@0(%&,*(!#!'(!'(-8-#-5%!('/%.#%*%.($%!/#.(-5/,5(!*%!-$%/-%!&%0#1;/#!-@**4,/.%1#&5%!&%&!-(!'%0/#;;#!-$9#/),/#2!E,!,&$%/,!@&,!0%*5,!&%&!B!$%-c2!U%1#!#/,!%00(%=!&%&!$4B!,*$@&,!#0('#&87'%,)&%Y5&%5)&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>A%5)&&+%!"',7#'(),"+%5#%^BB%(#&#+,#%5#%)2.+%L>77!'#(!?@,*(!+#/!*,!+/#0#&)(%&#!'#*!'(--#-5%!('/%.#%*%.($%R!$9#!#/,!-5,5%!+/%81#--%!,**,!E(&(-5/,!'#**4,1;(#&5#!',*!K/#-('#&5#!'#*!U%&-(.*(%!'#(!E(&(-5/(!#!',*!e#,#!".+%5)&&=)0+,+(#'%)%5)&&)%3,',7)6%X#,',7#'(),"+%0:)%'-.)@@)%5+-2"+%'-).)%0+/)."2.'%'%-'&).)%!2#%/.+-),"#%5)&&'%-),5#"'%'&&='!"'%5)&&)%9.)12),7)%5)&&'%@',5'%*,/.,!#!',!@&,!?@%5,!'#(!X%&'(!X,-!L+#/,*5/%!'(1#)),5(!&#*!:7C:=!',(!P=C<P!1(*(,/85#%/.)-#!"#%/).%#&%AB>A%5'&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>>%'#%T$o^?%(#&#'.5#%/.)-#!"#%,)&%AB>A%#,%_'@)&&'%R%5)&%Y5&%#,%)!'()D6

e),+%+--#+%P%0:)%+&".)%'%/.+0)5).)%'&&='77).'(),"+%,)&%S#&',0#+%5#%/.)-#!#+,)%AB>A%Q_'@)&&'%,6%lD%5)&%e#,#!").+%5)&&='(@#),")%)%5)&&'%5#9)!'%5)&%")..#"+.#+%)%5)&%1,/#!'#**#!'0%'%+0%*+,)+*%),"..)."(&%+#%"+A")&"+'2*)(*#"&)*"+#"*%22"+)+*"$4(6%*%+,%+'"24);8*/1*+$+.*R+"&"C$'/+)*,76*/+*!)/:"/&/:*7/$%!#%/.+--)5'%,)&%Y5&%!2&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>A%',0:)%'%"'4&#'.)%#,%_'@)&&'%S%5&%Y5&%#,%)!'()%@),%>A`%(#&#+,#%5#%)2.+$%5)#%:C7!1(*(%&(!'(!#@/%!L',!:C7!,!P>=6<<!1*&!'(!#@/%R!'#-5(&,5(!,*!E(&(-5#/%!'#**4,18@#),")%/).%#,").-),"#%'%9'-+.)%5)&&'%5#9)!'%5)&%!2+&+%/.)-#!"#%/).%&=',,+%AB>A%5'&&'%"#..#!X(&,&)(,/(,!:7CC=!*#..#!&2!::7]:7C72!U%14B!&%5%=!?@#-5(!5,.*(!,00#&.%&%!

Ambiente e sviluppo sostenibile

47Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

(&!@&,!-(5@,)(%&#!'(!./,0(--(1,!#1#/.#&),!+#/!*4,--#55%!('/%.#%*%.($%!'#*!K,#-#!#!

?@,&'%!'%0/#;;#!#--#/#!0,*@5,)(%&#!%/1,(!,$?@(-(5,!$9#!(!$%-5(!+#/!+/#0#&(/#!*#!

#1#/.#&)#!-%&%!1%*5%!+(S!$%&5#&@5(!'(!?@#**(!$9#!-#/0%&%!,!/(+,/,/#!(!',&&(!+#/!(*!

5#--@5%!#'(*()(%!#'!#$%&%1($%!'#*!K,#-#!$%*+(5%!',.*(!#0#&5(!$,*,1(5%-(=!&%&!5#&#&8

'%!$%&5%=!%00(,1#&5#=!'#**4(&$,*$%*,;(*#!+#/'(5,!'(!0(5#!@1,&#2!F..(@&.(,1%!$9#=!

-#$%&'%!(!',5(!/(+%/5,5(!-@*!-(5%!A-+/,=!9,&&%!(&5#/#--,5%!(*!&%-5/%!K,#-#!&#.*(!@*5(8

(#%^B%',,#%f6`BB%'&&2-#+,#%)%>>6BBB%9.',)$%0+,%oB6BBB%/).!+,)%0+#,-+&")%)%+&".)%

C>!1(*(,/'(!'(!#@/%!'(!',&&(=!/#.(-5/,5(!-%*%!&#.*(!@*5(1(!:7!,&&(2

La Manovra nello specifico[@#-5#!-%&%!*#!1,..(%/(!#0('#&)#!'(!@&,!-(5@,)(%&#!$9#!%/1,(!B!'(0#&5,5,!+,8

/,'%--,*#!#!$9#!0,*#!*,!+#&,!'(!%--#/0,/#!,!0%*%!'4@$$#**%!+#/!$%1+,/5(=!/#.(-5/,&'%!

#&%9'""+%0:)%',0:)%12)!"'%e',+-.'%#,%0'(/+%'(@#),"'&)%,+,%!+&+%,+,%#,5#0'%&)%

!".'5)%/).%&+%!-#&2//+%('%P%5#%9'""+%.)0)!!#-'%.#!/)""+%'&&)%(#!2.)%#,,+-'"#-)%/.)8

0(-5#!(&!+,--,5%H

B/0*&*'M+,/,'"1*0*&"E+c)&&'%F)44)%5#%G"'@#&#"*%AB>A%,+,%0=P%'&02,%9+,5+%/).%#,0),8

"#-'.)%&'%(+@#&#"*%!+!"),#@#&)%+%#&%".'!/+."+%/2@@&#0+%&+0'&)%Q"/&D$%'%9.+,")%5#%"'4&#%

'&&)%U)4#+,#%0:)%!#%-'&2"'%.#52..',,+%5)&%?f\%#%".'!9).#(),"#%!"'"'&#%5)!"#,'"#%'&%"/&%

/).%#%!).-#7#%/2@@&#0#%9)..+-#'.#%)%!".'5'&#$%(),".)%!#%9'%&'%!0)&"'%',0+.'%2,'%-+&"'%5#%

/#+#/(/#!I77!1(*(%&(!'(!#@/%!+#/!(*!:7C:!+#/!1(-@/#!'(!-,+%/#!$*(#&5#*,/#!,!-%-5#8

4,+%5)&&='2"+".'!/+."+%().0#%QuuuD6

27"&'"+"1"):"'*76"E%G#%P%5#!0)""'"+%!#,+%'&&=2&"#(+$%/'!!',5+%/).%&)%0',0)&&'7#+8

,#%&#,)'.#%5)&&)%'4)-+&'7#+,#%-+&2")%5'&&=)Z%(#,#!".+%5)&&=R0+,+(#'%_.)(+,"#%,)#%

5)0.)"#%l^kAB>>%)%>T^kAB>>$%!)%0+,9).('.)%+%,+%&)%5)".'7#+,#%5)&%ff\%/).%4&#%#,8

").-),"#%/).%&'%.#12'&#30'7#+,)%),).4)"#0'%5)4&#%)5#30#$%0:)%#,!#)()%'%12)&&#%5)&%

T?\%/).%&)%.#!".2""2.'7#+,)%)%#&%.)!"'2.+$%!+,+%!"'")%0+,!#5).'")%',0:)%5'&&)%#(/.)8

!)$%&)%2,#0:)%52)%(#!2.)%0+,0.)")%#,%9'-+.)%5#%2,=)5#&#7#'%!+!"),#@#&)$%('%/+#%,+,%

!)%,=P%9'""+%/#J%,2&&'6

A*(2(1(,,(+#"+GH(2(<!U4B!-#1+/#!(&$#/5#)),!-@**#!/(-%/-#!'#-5(&,5#!,*!X%&'%!T%8

"'"#-+%/).%&='//&#0'7#+,)%5)&%M.+"+0+&&+%5#%vj+"+%#!"#"2#"+%,)&%ABB^$%0+()%',0:)%!2%

?@#**#!+#/!*4,55@,)(%&#!'#**,!U%&0#&)(%&#!-@(!$,1;(,1#&5(!$*(1,5($(2

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L,%0+,0&2!#+,)$%'&%5#%&*%5)&&)%!")!!)%0#9.)$%'//'.)%'77).'"'%&'%-+&+,"*%/+&#"#0'%5)&%

4+-).,+%S).&2!0+,#%#,%9'-+.)%5)&&='(@#),")6

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

48 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

Spese militari!

"#$%&'$%'()%(%'*+$+,#-+'.%$'*/.0/'1/.,+.2#./'#'1-%(1%-%3'.%$'4565'+.7#,,+&'(%1/.0/'

82#.,/'-%9+(,-#,/'0#$':;<=;&'+$')-%(,+9+/(/';(,+,2,/';.,%-.#>+/.#$%'0+'=+1%-1?%')%-'

$#'<#1%'0+':,/11/$*#&'$#'()%(#'*+$+,#-%'?#'-#99+2.,/'+'6@A5'*+$+#-0+'0+'0/$$#-+&'1/.'

2.'+.1-%*%.,/'+.',%-*+.+'-%#$+'0%$$B6&AC'-+()%,,/'#$$B#../')-%1%0%.,%D'E%.1?F'1+'

(+#'(,#,/'2.'-#$$%.,#*%.,/'0%$$#'1-%(1+,#'0%$$%'()%(%&'1/*%'82%$$/'%2-/)%/'1?%'?#'

-%9+(,-#,/'2.'!4&GC&'#'7#-'(#$+-%'+$'0#,/'9%.%-#$%'?#../'1/.,-+"2+,/'+'*#99+/-+'+.!

H%(,+*%.,+'0+'*/$,%')/,%.>%'-%9+/.#$+'%*%-9%.,+'1/*%'I+.#&'E-#(+$%&';.0+#&'=2((+#&'

!

*#,+'+.'1/-(/&'+'*#99+/-+'0%+'82#$+'$B#../'(1/-(/'(/./'(,#,+'6J&'(%1/.0/'+$':+)-+'66'

-+92#-0#H#./'+$'9/H%-./'K+$'1/.,-/$$/'0%$'9/H%-./'0%$'<#%(%L'%'M'+$',%--+,/-+/'K$#'

1/.82+(,#'0+',%--+,/-+/LD'NO%9$+'2$,+*+'H%.,B#..+'P'(%1/.0/'$/'(,20+/'P'+$'-#))/-,/'

0%$$#'(+12-%>>#'+.,%-.#>+/.#$%QD

;$'RJC'0%$$#'()%(#'*/.0+#$%')%-'#-*#*%.,+'.%$'4565'K,#"%$$#'6L'-+92#-0#'#))%!

()%(#'*/.0+#$%'*+$+,#-%D'S#'*%0+#'9$/"#$%'0%$$#'82/,#'0%$'<-/0/,,/'+.,%-./'$/-0/'

0%(,+.#,/'#$$%'()%(%'*+$+,#-+'F'0%$'4&@CD

SB;,#$+#' #.1?%' 82%(,B#../' (+' 1/.7%-*#' #$' 0%1+*/' )/(,/&' (%1/.0/' +$' :+)-+&' 1/.'

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(+"+$+,T&'#.1?%')%-'$B+(,+,2,/'0+'-+1%-1#&'0+'#H%-%'0#,+')-%1+(+D'U2%(,/'1/.7%-*#'1+V'1?%'

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!

1/'/'$%'*+((+/.+'+.,%-.#>+/.#$+'#'1#-+1/'0%$'Y+.+(,%-/'0%$$BZ1/./*+#D

SB#)+1%'0%$$#'(1#-(#',-#()#-%.>#'(+'F'-#99+2.,/')/+'1/.'$#')-%(%.,#>+/.%'0%$$#'

S%99%'0+'(,#"+$+,T'4564'%0'+$'-%$#,+H/'E+$#.1+/&'0/H%'$#',#"%$$#'66&'-%1#.,%'$/'(,#!

[G'0%$'4566'%'.D'6AG'0%$'4566'K$%'02%'*#./H-%'%(,+H%'0%(,+.#,%'#'-+)+#.#-%'+$'0%!

Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

49Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&%#&!#"'()#&!#*)+!),!'"%-#).#(%+/!"%#&%..0)11+'*),!'"%#!"#1+!/)#.%((2+)#!"#3)+4.)/%"('#&%.#&!$%5"'#&!#.%55%#&!#$()6!.!(78#)66!)/'#&!#9'"$%52%",)#2"#6!.)"9!'#9:%#"'"#9'++!$1'"&%#)..)#+%).(7;#<%#+!&2,!'"!#1%+#!.#(+!%""!'#1+%*%&'"'#1'!#2"#()5.!'#&!#=>=#/!.!'"!#&!#%2+'#"%.#?>@A#%#&!#BC=#/!.!'"!#"%.#?>@D;

E#1+'6)6!.%#9:%-#%$$%"&'#.%#$1%$%#1%+#!.#1%+$'").%#'66.!5)('+!%#%#F2%..%#1%+#.0%$%+49!,!'#'+/)!#+!&'((%#)..0'$$'-#.)#G!H%$)#$!#$!)#(+'*)()#9'$(+%(()#)#()5.!)+%#5.!#!"*%$(!/%"(!#%#9:%#$1'$(!#().%#&%9!$!'"%#!"#)*)"(!#1%+#9'"H'"&%+%#.%#)9F2%#%#"'"#)..)+/)+%#(+'11'#.0!"&2$(+!)#6%..!9);#I.#()5.!'#$2..0!"*%$(!/%"('#&'*+%66%#%$$%+%#&!#C@D#/!.!'"!#&!#%2+'-#/)#$%/6+)#"'"#$!#$!)#(+'*)('#.0)99'+&'#$2.#&'*%#H)+.!;#J%/6+%+%66%#!"'.(+%#9:%#9'4!"#$"%&'(&)*+))%*,&'%!-.(/%!%#)%&0(&"#&0(1%*(!%#)2&0%..%&/(3*%&024")%5&/(26&#2#&'(&

()5.!%+)""'#$!$(%/!#&0)+/)#&)#1+'&2++%-#/)#F2%..!#5!7#!"#%$$%+%#*%++)""'#H)((!#$.!(()+%#(#&+4+#)(&#%..+&/2#'%7#+&/2#&"#&0(1%*(!%#)2&0%(&-+7+!%#)(8&(.&'2.()2&7(2/2&0%..%&)*%&

9)+(%#&%..)#9)$()#&!#*%+(!9!#1'.!(!9!-#/!.!()+!#%&#!"&2$(+!).!;#K2%$()#&!9:!)+),!'"%#&%.#9(#(')*2&0%..+&:(3%'+&;7#+<(2&=+&>"''+&6&+??+')+#<+&%'-.(/+)(4+8&@A2''(+!2&0('/")%4+%#$25.!#!"*%$(!/%"(!-#F2).9:%#)%+%'#!"#/%"'-#F2).9:%#H+%5)()#!"#/%"'-#/)#(+'*)"&'#2"#%F2!.!6+!'#(+)#+!&2,!'"!#1'$$!6!.!#%#.)#"%9%$$!(7#&!#"'"#+%9)+%#&)""!#)..0!"&2$(+!)#/!.!()+%#!().!)")L#MN"$)#@B#)5'$('#?>@@-#'+%#@B8?DO;#

LE SPESE MILITARI NEL MONDO

Paese Spese 2010 Quota su spesa Spese 2009 in mld di $ (2) mondiale 2010 in mld di $

1 Stati Uniti 698,0 43,0% 661,0 2 Cina (1) 119,0 7,3% 100,0 3 Gran Bretagna 59,6 3,7% 58,3 4 Francia 59,3 3,6% 63,9 5 Russia (1) 58,7 3,6% 53,3 6 Giappone 54,5 3.3% 51,8 7 Arabia Saudita 45,2 2,8% 41,3 8 Germania (1) 45,2 2,8% 45,6 9 India 41,3 2,5% 36,3 10 Italia (1) 37,0 2,3% 35,8

Fonte SIPRI (1) Stime (2) I dati sulla spesa sono espressi in dollari americani correnti (2010)

Tabella 2

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

50 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$%%&'"())$'*$+())$','-())$'.(//('-&'0%$+&)&%1'2342'5'-&6786%8'9"':"$";&$<("!

%8'-()'7=8/=$<<$'-&'6>&)9778'-())('#=(/$%('?@,AAB'7(='&)'C9$-=&(""&8'2342D234EB'

-&'F33'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'7(='$""8G'0(<7=('"())$'<(-(6&<$'%$+())$'&)'6(%%8=('$(=8!

"$9%&H8B'&"'7$=%&H8)$=('&)'7=8/=$<<$',?IB'>&("('-(:"$";&$%8'7(='&)'2342'-&'433'

<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'J=(6%$"8'C9&"-&'4G333'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8KB'<("%=('6&'=&:"$";&$'H8"'

4G433'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'&)'234FB'4G233'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'&)'234L'('LGM33'<&)&8"&'-&'(9!

=8'&)'234E'(-'$""&'69HH(66&>&'J:"8'$)'234MKG

!)' +&)$"H&8'-())$'N&#(6$B' 7=(6("%$%8' $)' O$=)$<("%8B' 7=(>(-('7(=' &)' 2342'9"8'

6%$";&$<("%8'-&'24GFL2'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8B'H8"'9"'&"H=(<("%8'=&67(%%8'$))P$""8'7=(!

H(-("%(' -&' QME'<&)&8"&' -&' (9=8B' 7$=&' $-' 9"$' H=(6H&%$' -()' FBMR' =(/&6%=$"-8' 9"'

=$778=%8'=&67(%%8'$)'O&)'-()'4BFR'J%$+())$'2KG'!"'=($)%1')$'H&#=$'=($)('-8>=(++('(66(!

=('-&'4SGMSEB4'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8G

O(=' )$' #9";&8"('-&#(6$B'=&#(=&%$'$))(' %=('$=<&'(6(=H&%8B'<$=&"$'(-'$(=8"$9%&H$'

68"8'6%$";&$%&'4LGSSFB2'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8B'H8"'9"$'H=(6H&%$'-()'LBLR'7$=&'$'TF2BS'<&!

)&8"&'-&'(9=8'&"'7&U'=&67(%%8'$)'2344G

08"8'&":"('7=(>&6%&'EGMS2BS'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'7(=')$'#9";&8"('6&H9=(;;$'-()'%(=!

=&%8=&8'J&'V$=$+&"&(=&KB'SSBS'<&)&8"&'-&'(9=8'7(=')('#9";&8"&'(6%(="('('FEEBS'<&)&8"&'

-&'(9=8'7(='&)'%=$%%$<("%8'-&'$96&)&$=&$G

BILANCIO DELLA DIFESA 2011-2012 PER FUNZIONI

Funzione Settore E.F. 2011 E.F 2012* Dif. v.a. Dif. %

Difesa Personale 9.462,3 9.555,7 + 93,4 + 1,0% Esercizio 1.444,2 1.512,4 + 68,1 + 4,7% Investimento 3.453,7 3.925,1 +471,4 +13,6% Totale 14.360,2 14.993,2 +632,9 + 4,4%Sicurezza del Territorio 5.769,9 5.892,9 +123,1 + 2,1%Funzioni esterne 100,7 99,9 -0,7 - 0,7%Trattamento 326,1 355,9 + 29,8 + 9,2% ausiliarioTotale 20.556,9 21.342 +785,2 + 3,8%

*Questi dati non tengono in considerazione gli effetti dei decreti-legge n. 98/2011 e n.138/2011 I valori numerici sono espressi in milioni di euro ed arrotondati con metodo matematico alla prima cifra decimale. Fonte: Ministero della Difesa

Tabella 3

Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

51Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&&#"'()$#)*+"&%(",)-%.,/#)0,'%#1()23,)%$)4,5/("#$,)25,/2,)",$)6786)'%)9:;<)

1%$%("%)'%),+5(;)4(5=#"'()$()/=#"&%#1,"=()2(14$,//%0()#)9>>>;?)1%$%("%)'%),+5(@

A,5)%$)4,5/("#$,)B%/(C"#)5%2(5'#5,)23,)D)2(14$,=#1,"=,).#$$%=()$E(B%,==%0()F/!

/#=()'#$$#)5%.(51#)',$$#)$,0#)',$)6778)G=#B,$$#):H)'#$)1(1,"=()23,)#BB%#1()+")

"+1,5()'%)2(1#"'#"=%)GC5#'+#=%H)/+4,5%(5,)#)I+,$$()',%)2(1#"'#=%)G=5+44#H;)+")

"+1,5()/45(4(/%=#=()'%)>88)J,",5#$%),')!11%5#C$%),')+")"+1,5()'%)1#5,/2%#$$%)

4%K)23,)'(44%() 5%/4,==()#$)",2,//#5%(@)L,)5%/+$=#)+")(5C#"%2()2(")+"#),=M)#"#!

C5#F2#)1($=()#0#"&#=#),)I+%"'%)4(2()%"2$%",)#$$E(4,5#=%0%=M@)N$)4#5#'(//(),1,5C,)

'#$$,)1%//%("%)#$$E,/=,5(;)#==%0%=M)(51#%)45%"2%4#$,)',$$,)"(/=5,)*(5&,)!51#=,;)23,)

%14,C"#"()2%52#)?@<:>)+(1%"%),)'("",;)2("),0%',"=,)'%O2($=M)#)5%/4("',5,)4(/%!

=%0#1,"=,)#$$E%4(=,/%)'%)#$=5,)1%//%("%@

PCC%)D)%"2(".+=#B%$,)I+,$$()23,)#0,0#1()',"+"2%#=()#$)1(1,"=()',$$E#445(!

0#&%(",)',$$#)5%.(51#)',$$#)$,0#;)(00,5()23,)897@777;)(5#)8Q7@777)1%$%=#5%;)4,5)%$)

"(/=5()R(',$$()'%)-%.,/#)/,50("()/($()#)C%+/=%F2#5,)+")#$=()"+1,5()'%)J,",5#$%),)

2("/%/=,"=%)I+#"=%=M)'%)#51%)'%)2+%)'(=#5$%;)5%/+$=#=()23,)'#$)4+"=()'%)0%/=#)(4,5#=%!

0()"(")3#)#$2+")/,"/(@)

L,$$#)S,CC,)'%)T=#B%$%=M)D)45,0%/=#)$#)4(//%B%$%=M;)4,5)+O2%#$%),)/(==(+O2%#$%;)'%)

23%,',5,)%$)=5#/.,5%1,"=()%")#$=5,)#11%"%/=5#&%("%)4+BB$%23,)1#)/,"&#)(BB$%C3%)()

%"2,"=%0%)D),0%',"=,)23,)/%#)+")45(00,'%1,"=()',/=%"#=()#).#$$%5,;)2(1,)D)C%M)#0!

0,"+=()%")4#//#=(@

N"=#"=()$E,U)1%"%/=5()S#)V+//#)3#)#""+"2%#=()23,)2(")%)=#C$%)23,)0,55#""()#4!

4(5=#=%)2%)/#5#""():777)#55+($#1,"=%)%")1,"(;)8777)4,5)2%#/2+"#)',$$,)=5,)#51%@

L,$)T,==(5,)W/,52%&%()4,5)%$)6786)/("()/=#=,)#$$(2#=%)8@>86;<)1%$%("%)'%),+5(;)

2(")+")%"25,1,"=()5%/4,==()#$$E#""()45,2,',"=,)'%)XQ;8)1%$%("%)'%),+5(@)Y(")I+,/=%)

.("'%)/%)45(00,',)#$$#).(51#&%(",),')#$$E#'',/=5#1,"=()',$)4,5/("#$,;)#$$#)1#"+!

=,"&%(",),')#$$E,O2%,"&#)',%)1,&&%),')#$$#)/%2+5,&&#)',$)4,5/("#$,Z)%)=#C$%)$%",#5%)

.#==%)",C$%)#""%)4#//#=%)3#""()2($4%=()I+#/%)/,145,)I+,/=()/,==(5,;)23,)D)(51#%)5%!

'(==()#$)$%1%=,)',$$#)/(45#00%0,"&#@

SE%"0,/=%1,"=()5%C+#5'#)%$)',$%2#=()/,==(5,)',$$#)5%2,52#;)/0%$+44()#11(',5"#!

1,"=(),)5%""(0#1,"=()',%)"+(0%)/%/=,1%)'E#51#[)",$)6786)D)45,0%/=#)+"#)/4,/#)'%)

:@96>;8)1%$%("%)'%),+5(;)2(")+")%"25,1,"=()5%/4,==()#$)6788)4#5%)#)<?8;<)1%$%("%)

'%),+5(@)Y(1,)#BB%#1()0%/=()%")45,2,',"&#)4,5\)2%)'(05,BB,),//,5,)+")=#C$%()'%)

Q8<)1%$%("%)'%),+5(@

Y(1,)#BB%#1()0%/=()#445(.("'%=#1,"=,)",%)45,2,',"=%) 5#44(5=%)1($=%) /%/=,!

1%)'E#51#)/("()'%)'+BB%#)+=%$%=M)4,5) %)"(/=5%)(B%,==%0%)'%)4($%=%2#),/=,5#;)23,)/%)

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

52 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$%&'(')#$%(*%#+,&!(-!)*'(),!).%""%'(%)+,,/!"-!$')*+$+--!$%00+-!)1+)'#!$+0%'(%)

!"#!"#$"%""!&'()(!,,!)23+,%)1'4$!55!)#$!4+,!$!),+)673$+)3&+(+)$%"#!--')+,,+)#'$

-!(0+)1!%)&!00%)&%,%-+$%8)93%(1%)#'$-+!$!%)*'&!),+):+4'3$)')%)*+**%+5'&5+$1%!$%)

;<=>=?@)"'(')#'*')+1!73+-%)!)',-$!)+)3()!,!4+-')*'"-')1%)#$'130%'(!A)*'"-+(')-+($

-%""%&')#!$)&+(-!(!$,%)%()!"!$*%0%'8

B()$!+,-C)7,%)"-+(0%+&!(-%)#!$),+)D%E!"+)(!,)FGHF)"+$+((')HI8JI@AH)&%,%'(%)1%)

!3$'A)*'()3(+)$%130%'(!)1%)KKHAL)&%,%'(%)1%)!3$'8)

D'55%+&')#!$M)*'("%1!$+$!)*N!)(!,,')"-+-')1%)#$!4%"%'(!)1!,)&%(%"-!$')1!,,/O$

*'('&%+)P)#$!"!(-!)%,)E'(1')#!$),!)&%""%'(%)%(-!$(+0%'(+,%)1%)#+*!A)%(*$!&!(-+-')

*'()LGG)&%,%'(%)1%)!3$')1+,,+)Q!77!)1%)<-+5%,%-C)#!$)*'("!(-%$!),+)#+$-!*%#+0%'(!)6$

(')+,)?G)7%37(')FGHF8)R!7,%)3,-%&%)+((%)+,)-!$&%(!)1!,,/+(('),+)"#!"+)&!1%+)P)"-+-+)

1%)*%$*+)H8@GG)&%,%'(%)1%)!3$'8

Q+)"%-3+0%'(!)E'-'7$+E+-+)1+,,+)D%E!"+)+,,+)1+-+)1!,)?H)+7'"-')FGHH)4!1!)%&$

#%!7+-')%()?G)&%""%'(%)%()FL)S+!"%)J8HJH)&%,%-+$%A)1%)*3%)',-$!),+)&!-C)'#!$+-%4%)%()

TE7N+(%"-+(8)S!$),!).%""%'(%)1!,,/+((')FGHH)P)#$!4%"-+)3(+)"#!"+)1%)H8@UL)&%,%'(%)

1%)!3$'A)23%(1%)"%)P)-3--/+,-$')*N!)$%"#+$&%+-'A)*'&!)N+)4',3-')E+$)*$!1!$!)+,,/'#%$

(%'(!)#355,%*+),/!V).%(%"-$')1!,,+)D%E!"+)B7(+0%')Q+)W3""+A)#!$)-$+(23%,,%00+$!)%)

&+,)1%)#+(*%+)1!%)*',,!7N%),!7N%"-%8)D%)23!"-%)E'(1%)#'%A)"','),/HA@X)P)$!+,&!(-!)"#!$

SITUAZIONE DEL PERSONALE MILITARE NEL 2012 A CONFRONTO CON UN MODELLO A 190.000 UNITÀ

Grado Personale militare 2012 (1) Modello a 190.000 (2)

Ufficiali 22.992 22.250Sottufficiali, di cui: 71.837 63.947 Marescialli 55.979 25.415 Sergenti 15.858 38.532Truppa Volontari, di cui: 83.421 103.803 in servizio permanente 48.173 73.330 in ferma prefissata 35.248 30.473Allievi Accademie e scuole 2.020Totale 180.270 190.000

(1) Consistenza revisionale in termini di anni persona (2) Il Modello di Difesa a 190.000 unità (art. 799 del D. Lgs. n.66/2010 che recepisce la Tab. A del D. Lgs n. 215/2001) Fonte Ministero della Difesa

Tabella 4

Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

53Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&#'(#)""$%&(*+",%#(''"#!-+'.$$"/#+'#&%!0"#!%&-%#$%&#'%#"$%&(*+",+#1+'+0(&+#%#,%2'+#

.'0+1+#(,,+#)"1%#!0(1$%''(#3%+#0(2'+#!.4+0+#(''(#5.,*+",%#%!%&)+*+"#3%'#4+'(,)+"#3%'!

'(#6+5%!(7#89%!%1$+"#'(1$(,0%#:#!0(0"#'9+,.0+'%#.0+'+**"#3%''(#;"&0(%&%+#<(&+4('3+#

,%''(#1+!!+",%#+,#8+4+(/#&+%,0&(0(#(#=,%#'.2'+"#$%&)>?#+#@#)())+(4"14(&3+%&+#A(&&+%&#

)>%#+14(&)(-(#$"0%-(,"#0&(,B.+''(1%,0%#$(&0+&%#3(#0%&&(/#1(#+,#B.%!0(#1(,+%&(#!+#

:#1%!!(#+,#1"0"#'(#,(-%#%3#(33%!0&(0"#+'#$%&!",('%/#1(#!+#!","#!$%!%#)+&)(#CDE7FFF#

%.&"#('#2+"&,"#$%&#'(#!.(#2%!0+",%7#G,#%!%1$+"#$('%!%#3%''(#!$&"$"&*+",%#3%'#&($!

$"&0"#0&(#!$%!%#$%&#'(#)""$%&(*+",%#%#B.%''%#1+'+0(&+#-+%,%#3(''(#!"11(#3%'#)"!0"#

3+#3+%)+#(,,+#3+#$&%!%,*(#+0('+(,(#+,#H52>(,+!0(,/#)>%#(11",0(#(#@#1+'+(&3+#%#CEF#

1+'+",+#3+#%.&"/#3+#B.%!0+#!"'"#CIJ#1+'+",+#!","#(,3(0+#(2'+#(+.0+#-%&+#%#$&"$&+7

K%'#6%)&%0"#L+!!+",+#)>%# &+=,(,*+(# +'# !%)",3"#!%1%!0&%#MFCC#!","#!0(0+# +,!

!%&+0+N# .,"# !0(,*+(1%,0"# 3+# ED#1+'+",+# $%&# '9(!!.,*+",%# ,%'# MFCC# 3+# $%&!",('%#

,%''9O!%&)+0"/#L(&+,(#%3#H%&",(.0+)(P#'%#)"!+33%00%#,"&1%#(,0+Q$+&(0%&+(#3(,3"#+'#

-+(#'+4%&(#(''9+1$+%2"#3+#1+'+0(&+#%#)",0&()0"&#!.#,(-+#+0('+(,%#)",#",%&+#(#)(&+)"#

3%2'+#(&1(0"&+7

PRINCIPALI PROGRAMMI PLURIENNALI DI SISTEMI D’ARMA

Mezzi Completamento Onere Onere previsto globale 2011

Eurofighter, 121 velivoli difesa aerea 2018 18.100 51,6 (1)

Joint Strike Fighter, 131 velivoli di attacco aereo 2026 13.000 (2) 468,6100 Elicotteri di trasporto tattico NH-90 2018 3.895 416,3Nuova portaerei Cavour 2016 1.390 46,2Due Fregate antiaeree classe “Orizzonte” 2015 1.500 45,8Dieci Fregate Europee Multi Missione FREMM 2019 (3) 5.680 0 (3)

4 Sommergibili U-212 2016 1.885 168,9249 Veicoli Blindati Medi VBM 8x8 FRECCIA 2013 1.500 17,0 (1)

Le cifre sono espresse in milioni di euro. (1) Il programma è in parte sostenuto da risorse del Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico. (2) Da aggiungere 795,6 milioni di euro per la realizzazione della FACO a Cameri (Novara); 1.028 milioni di dollari per la fase di sviluppo e 900 milioni di euro per quella di preindustrializzazione. (3) La data è riferita alla tranche in corso, il programma è sostenuto da risorse del Ministero dello Sviluppo Economico. Fonte: Nota aggiuntiva allo stato di previsione per la Difesa per l’anno 2011.

Tabella 5

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

54 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$%"&'(()*+,-,#.'&"/./0"&1-,&/0'-2.'#"-0,&3"/0.-'0,&'(("&/$"/"&$"%&.(&/./0"!

#'&3).-4,%#'2.,-"&$"%&('&/.+1%"22'&3"(('&5"$166(.+'7&$'%0"&3.&"//,&8&3"/0.-'0'&'(&

!"%9.2.,&$"%&("&.-4,%#'2.,-.&"&('&/.+1%"22'&#.(.0'%"&:;./.&"<&!./#.=&"&-"(()1(0.#'&

%.$'%0.2.,-"&'$$%,9'0'&:>??@=&'(&A.-./0"%,&3"(('&B.4"/'&9.&"%'-,&3"/0.-'0.&CDEFC&

#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,G

H,& /0'0,& 3.& $%"9./.,-"& 3"(& A.-./0"%,& 3"((,& !9.(1$$,& *+,-,#.+,& +,#$%"-!

3"&CIE@FJ&#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,&$"%&.-0"%9"-0.&'K"9,('0.9.&$"%&.(&/"00,%"&'"%,-'10.+,&"&

CEI&#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,&$"%&(,&/9.(1$$,&"&()'+L1./.2.,-"&3"(("&1-.0M&-'9'(.&3"(('&+('/!

/"&N%"##G&

H'&H"KK"&3.&!0'6.(.0M&$%,%,K'&'(&EC&3.+"#6%"&>?C>&()10.(.22,&3.&$"%/,-'("&3"(("&

N,%2"&;%#'0"&$"%&("&,$"%'2.,-.&3.&+,-0%,((,&3"(&0"%%.0,%.,&$"%&1-'&/$"/'&+,#$("//.!

9'&3.&O>F@&#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,7&.(&K,9"%-,&P'&+,-4"%#'0,&+P"&.#$"K-"%M&/1(&0"%%.0,%.,&

-'2.,-'("&D>I?&#.(.0'%.G

!"#$%"& -"(('& H"KK"& 3.& !0'6.(.0M& /.& %"-3"& $"%#'-"-0"& .(& Q-'-2.'#"-0,& '(('&

+,/.33"00'&#.-.R-'S'F&+P"&"%'&/0'0'&9'%'0'&.-&4,%#'&/$"%.#"-0'("&$"%&0%"&'--.F&+,-!

4"%#'-3,&$"%&.(&>?C>&('&/$"/'&3.&OFI&#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,&"&$,%0'-3,('&$,.&'3&C&#.(.,-"&

3.&"1%,&'&3"+,%%"%"&3'(&>?CEG

T-,(0%"&8&$%"9./0,&1-&Q-'-2.'#"-0,&3.&OI?&#.(.,-.&3.&"1%,&3"/0.-'0,&'(&+,#!

$'%0,&3.4"/'&"&/.+1%"22'F&3".&L1'(.&>??&#.(.,-.&9'--,&'(&A.-./0"%,&3"(('&B.4"/'7&>>?&

#.(.,-.&'(&A.-./0"%,&3"(()T-0"%-,&$"%&U,(.2.'F&V'%'6.-."%.&"&W.K.(.&3"(&N1,+,7&E?&#.!

(.,-.&$"%&.(&V,%$,&3"(('&X1'%3.'&3.&Q-'-2'G

SPESE PER LA DIFESA 2012

Bilancio della Difesa (1) 19.895,1Fondi Ministero Sviluppo Economico per sistemi d’arma 1.673,6Fondi Ministero Economia e Finanze per Missioni Internazionali (2) 1.400Fondi Ministero Economia e Finanze per AISI 145

Totale 23.113,7

I valori numerici sono espressi in milioni di euro (1) Il Bilancio della Difesa prevede il finanziamento all’Arma dei Carabinieri, quarta Forza Armata, ma dipendente per buona parte (circa 85%) dal Ministero dell’Interno per la sicurezza del territorio. (2) Allo stato attuale esiste solo un finanziamento di 700 milioni di euro per il primo semestre del 2012.

Tabella 6

Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

55Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$#%&'()*)'%*+*$)",%-'$)#.)/*01#$)#%*00*%1*$'+(*,%02#$$#."1'%)#$)*)"+'%3"%

4*(#%-*..*%-'$%50"% "11'6"0"%3#00*%7"4#.*%$'$%&"8%/)"0"%*00#%./#%4/$9"'$"%.)(*)#5"!

-:#;%<$4*))"%.'$'%.)*)"%&/660"-*)"%3/#%3#-(#)"%3#00*%7"(#9"'$#%5#$#(*0#%3#"%=*+'("%

#%3#0%7#1*$"'%3#0%>"$".)('%3#00*%7"4#.*%-:#%"$3"+"3/*$'%?%4*(",%@A%-*.#(1#,%4'()"%

#3%*00'55"%3#1*$"*0"%3#&'.")"%#%1*5*99"$"%3*%1#))#(#%"$%+#)("$*%&#(%#..#(#%+#$3/!

)",%&#(1/)*)"%'%+*0'("99*)"%&#(%4*(#%-*..*;%=2'&#(*9"'$#%3"%3".1".."'$"%.-*))#(B%3*0%

&('.."1'%*$$'%#%.#%*$3(B%"$%&'()'%"0%(")'($'%C$*$9"*("'%.*(B%("&*()")'%)(*%"0%>"$"!

.)#('%3#002D-'$'1"*%&#(%0#%$#-#..")B%0#5*)#%*"%.*03"%3"%C$*$9*%&/660"-*%E@@FG,%0*%

7"4#.*%EH@FG%#%"0%I'1/$#%"$)#(#..*)'%EJKFG;%L"$'(*%.'$'%.)*)"%.'))'.-("))"%JA%&('!

)'-'00"%32"$)#.*%-'$%*0)(#))*$)"%I'1/$";

>#$)(#% "0%(#.)'%3#002D/('&*%)*50"*%$#))*1#$)#% 0#%.&#.#%1"0")*(",%("+#3#$3'%0'%

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

56 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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Disarmare l’economia, costruire la pace

57Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

58 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

64 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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65Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Welfare e diritti

Le politiche sociali e sanitarie: il quadro dei tagli

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

66 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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)+$0+!)'#1(,,%#1*+1%#3+,,%#4%$5%9+()'9%#)+$$')"$'%,+7#',#=?/#9"!#',#!("0"#)+))"#3'#

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)+))"#3'#1*+1%#5%11'5%#*+$#,C%9D('1)"#3+'#3'1*"1')'0'#5+3'9'#+#*+$#,+#*$")+1'#1%!')%!

$'+#%#9%$'9"#3+,#E1!#*%$'#%,#?7</#3+,,%#1*+1%#9"5*,+11'0%:#F())+#5'1($+#D(+1)+7#9B+#

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Welfare e diritti

67Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"##$%&$'()*$%+,-.%$'#,/,0$%'"1%#"20(%31,%"4"##,%!,%#$1,%!,-0(-,5,(',6%0*")"!"'!(%

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/,$%"'#*(%,1%:;%-"##"2+*"%<;=<%"%/7"%1"%/('-"3>"'#,%*,!>5,(',%!,%-0"-$%-,$'(%0$*,%$%

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0(1,#,/7"%-(/,$1,A

GLI STANZIAMENTI COMPLESSIVI DEI FONDI SOCIALI NEGLI ANNI 2001-2013 (1)

milioni di euro 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Fondo nazionale 1071 1091 995 1032 557 825 1.000 712 578 435 218 70 45 per le politiche sociali al netto della quota INPS (2)

Fondo infanzia e adolescenza 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 44 40 39 40 40 (destinato a 15 città)Fondo non autosufficienza 0 0 0 0 0 0 100 300 400 400 0 0 0 (comma 1264 finanziaria 2007)Fondo inclusione sociale immigrati 0 0 0 0 0 0 50 0 0 0 0 0 0 (comma 1267 finanziaria 2007) (3)

Fondo politiche giovanili 0 0 0 0 0 3 130 130 130 81 13 13 11 (comma 1290 finanziaria 2007)Fondo politiche della famiglia 0 0 0 0 0 3 220 330 239 174 51 53 31 (comma 1250 finanziaria 2007) (4)

Fondo pari opportunità 0 0 0 0 0 3 50 44 30 3 17 17 17 (comma 1261 finanziaria 2007)Totale 1.115 1.136 1.039 1.076 601 878 1.594 1.559 1.420 1.134 339 193 144

(1) Dati effettivi fino al 2010 e, per il Fondo politiche sociali, fino al 2011. Altri dati come previsti dalla Legge di stabilità 2011. (2) Stanziamento totale, ivi comprese le integrazioni in corso d’anno, dove rintracciabili. Nel valore indicato è compresa la quota gestita a livello ministeriale, mentre sono escluse le somme destinate, fino al 2009, all’INPS per il finanziamento dei diritti soggettivi e le somme del Fondo infanzia (di queste ultime si dà separata evidenza); sono comprese le somme stanziate per il reddito minimo di inserimento nel 2001 e per il piano asili nido nel 2004. (3) Il Fondo per l’inclusione sociale degli immigrati è stato dichiarato incostituzionale nel 2008 e lo stanziamento 2008, pari a 100 milioni di euro, è stato riassorbito nel bilancio dello Stato. (4) Finanzia anche il piano straordinario asili nido; nel 2009 riassegnate risorse a valere sul 2008 per 52,094 milioni.

Tabella 7

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

68 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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0$3+)%),4.+)0)%5)4)+)%$%0$++$%'$/(",$%5",%0)(.*)+)-;=%$%'$/%5",-$,$/$%.+%#.(()#"%+>.1!

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Welfare e diritti

69Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

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Welfare e diritti

71Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

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Welfare e diritti

81Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

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Tabella 8

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'((#)*'-')#+',+6G?D8H+)",+677IE677J?+.3$+%)+.$"0")4'+/%+3)+,"11"$#+'3(")*#+

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*'00"+M.#$*')/#,"+'/+3)+668+/",+:;#N?+"+)",+677JE67G7?+93')/#+,#+O*'*#+K'+&#(%)!

&%'*#+'+$%/3$$"+%)+P)')4%'(")*%?+1,%+'*")"%+K'))#+'3(")*'*#+2$30&'(")*"+,"+*'00"+

'1,%+0*3/")*%?+0;#)/')/#+3,*"$%#$(")*"+%,+,%(%*"+M6Q?F8N<+

=',,'+*'2",,'+.$"&"/")*"+0%+.3>+)#*'$"+&#("+,@'3(")*#+/",,"+*'00"+3)%-"$0%*'!

$%"+'22%'+.#$*'*#+',,@'3(")*#+/",,"+."$&")*3',"+/"1,%+0;#$'(")*%+03,+:;#<+ R);'**%+

.#00%'(#+)#*'$"+&#("+,@%(.#$*#+("/%#+.'1'*#+/'1,%+0*3/")*%+%0&$%**%+'+&#$0%+/%+,'3!

$"'+0%+'**"0*'+03%+JJ7S+)",,@'<'<+677JEG7?+%,+6Q8+%)+.%5+$%0."**#+',,@%(.#$*#+-"$0'*#+

)",,@+'<'<+677DE7F<

R)#,*$"+2%0#1)'+&#)0%/"$'$"+&K"+%)+93"0*%+'))%+0%+A+'00%0*%*#+'/+3)+/$'0*%&#+&',#+

/%+*3**%+93"%+P)')4%'(")*%+."$+0"$-%4%+'1,%+0*3/")*%+/",,"+)#0*$"+3)%-"$0%*CB+2#$!

0"+/%+0*3/%#?+2#$0"+/%+/#**#$'*#?+&#)*$%23*%+"$'0(30<<<+"+0."00#+'/+3)+&#)0"13")*"+

'3(")*#+/%+0%)1#,"+-#&%+/%+&#)*$%234%#)"+0*3/")*"0&'+%)*"$)"+'1,%+'*")"%B+*'00'+/%+

,'3$"'?+*'00'+/%+%(('*$%&#,'4%#)"<<<

T/+#11%+#,*$"+Q7+'*")"%+%*',%')%+0;#$')#+%,+,%(%*"+/",+678+/",+:;#+%)+$'..#$*#+',,'+

&#)*$%234%#)"+0*3/")*"0&'?+."$+,"11"+1,%+'*")"%+&K"+#,*$".'00')#+93",+,%(%*"+/#-$"2!

2"$#+$%*#$)'$"+'1,%+0*3/")*%+*$'(%*"+0"$-%4%+#+',*$#+%+0#,/%+.$","-'*%+%)+"&&"00#+/'1,%+

0*3/")*%?+%)+$"',*C+*$#..#+0."00#+."$+,%(%*%+/",,'+,"11"+%*',%')'+&K"+)#)+.$"-"/#)#+

/",,"+(3,*"+."$+1,%+0;#$'(")*%?+1,%+0*"00%+)#)+-")1#)#+$"0*%*3%*%+'1,%+0*3/")*%<

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

84 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

IMPORTO MEDIO DI TASSE E CONTRIBUTI DEGLI STUDENTI ISCRITTI AD ATENEI PUBBLICI 2005-2010

a.a. 2005/06 a.a. 2006/07 a.a. 2007/08 a.a. 2008/09 a.a. 2009/10 ! 803,00 ! 864,00 ! 894,00 ! 958,00 ! 989,00 - 8,00% 3,00% 7,00% 3,00%

Fonte: MIUR, Ufficio di Statistica, Contribuzione studentesca e Interventi degli atenei in favore degli studenti.

Tabella 9

Welfare e diritti

85Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&'"(%)*+#+,)*)-%,"#.+//0'*%1+2$%&3#%&"/%"*"#"44"2+#5'%*.%#-)/&)#.%6,%!

/+#%*#&+2-%*%#+,)*)-%,%7#$&2+&&"#&2"#%#&"8/%#"%#9*"*(%"-+*&%7#%/#:/),,)#.+/#&'2*;)1+2#

%-4)$&)#."//"#/+88+#<==>?@#,A+#4'2#2%.',+*.)#/+#$4+$+#4+2#%/#4+2$)*"/+7#*)*#4+2!

-+&&+# '*# ".+8'"&)# 2%,"-:%)# .+/# ,)24)# .),+*&+7# +# %/# ,)*$+8'+*&+# "'-+*&)# .+%#

,)*&2%:'&%#$&'.+*&+$,A%#4+2#B"2#5'".2"2+#%#:%/"*,%C

D+,+*&+-+*&+#%/#E%*%$&2)#F+/-%*%#+#%/#E%*%$&2)#G%&&)#A"**)#2%1+*.%,"&)#%/#9*"*!

(%"-+*&)#.%#<#-%/%"2.)#.%#+'2)#"8/%#"&+*+%#.+/#$'.7#&2"-%&+#B)*.%#G+$#HB)*.%#+'2)4+%#

4+2#/)#$1%/'44)I7#5'+%#B)*.%#*)*#4)&2"**)#"*."2+#".#%*&+82"2+#%/#GB)7#-"#4)&2"**)#

+$$+2+#'&%/%(("&%#4+2#$4+,%9,%#42)8+&&%#.%#$1%/'44)#)#%**)1"(%)*+#.+/#$%$&+-"#'*%!

1+2$%&"2%)#2+8%)*"/+7#%*#5'"*&)#5'+%#B)*.%#1+*8)*)#4)%#.%2+&&"-+*&+#"$$+8*"&%#"//+#

2+8%)*%7#"/#-)-+*&)#*)*#$%#,)*)$,)*)#8/%#%*&+21+*&%#$4+,%9,%#,A+#4)&2"**)#+$$+2+#

+J+&&'"&%7#8+*+2"/-+*&+#.%#,"2"&&+2+#+.%/%(%)7#2+$&"*)#,)-'*5'+#%#&"8/%#8+*+2"/%#"/#

$%$&+-"#'*%1+2$%&"2%)#*"(%)*"/+#+#"/#B)*.)#4+2#%/#.%2%&&)#"//)#$&'.%)C

!"#$%&%'&($$#'&%)(#*%+",'-,$'-%.%))+'#$$+'&)(-%+'("%/,.&%)#.%+'%"'0)#$%#

K/#8)1+2*)#)/&2+#".#"1+2#2%.)&&)#%/#9*"*(%"-+*&)#$&"&"/+#"//0'*%1+2$%&3#A"#2+,+*&+#

"*,A+#2%.)&&)#8/%#%*1+$&%-+*&%#$'/#$%$&+-"#.%#L+/B"2+#$&'.+*&+$,)#&"8/%"*.)#%/#B)*.)#

4+2#%/#.%2%&&)#"//)#$&'.%)#*"(%)*"/+7#/0'*%1+2$%&3#.%1+*&"#,)$M#$+-42+#4%N#'*#/')8)#2%!

$+21"&)#"%#2%,,A%7#"*,A+#4+2,AO#,)*#/+#-"*)12+#9*"*(%"2%+#.+/#P?<?#+#/"#!+88+#.%#

Q&":%/%&3#P?<<#%/#8)1+2*)#A"#&"8/%"&)#.+/#RST#H%*#&2+#"**%I#%/#B)*.)#4+2#/+#:)2$+#.%#

$&'.%)7#4)2&"*.)/)#."%#PSU#-%/%)*%#.%#+'2)#.+/#P??R#"#<=#-%/%)*%#*+/#P?<P7#,)*#%/#2%!

$'/&"&)#.%#,"*,+//"2+#%/#,)*&2%:'&)#.+//)#Q&"&)#"8/%#$&'.+*&%#-+*)#"::%+*&%C#

V*,A+#4+2#5'+$&0"**)#$%#$&%-"#,A+#$)/&"*&)#/"#-+&3#.+8/%#"1+*&%#.%2%&&)#4+2,+4%23#

2+"/-+*&+#/"#:)2$"#.%#$&'.%)#,A+#8/%#$4+&&+2+::+C#Q+#"#5'+$&)#$%#"88%'*8+#/"#$%&'"(%)!

*+#.%#,2%$%#8+*+2"/+7#$%#,"4%$,+#,)-+#.%1+*&"#$+-42+#4%N#.%6,%/+#4"8"2$%#8/%#$&'.%C#

W+//0"**)#",,".+-%,)#P?<<>P?<P7#$+#$%#$)--"*)#%#B)*.%#$&"*(%"&%#."/#8)1+2*)7#,A+#

"22%1+2"**)#"/#-"$$%-)#"#<??#-%/%)*%#.%#+'2)7#$+,)*.)#/+#4%N#2+,+*&%#.%,A%"2"(%)*%7#

+#."//+#D+8%)*%#H,%2,"#R?#-%/%)*%I7#$"2"**)#8/%#$&'.+*&%#"#4"8"2+#/"#-"88%)2#4"2&+#.+!

8/%#)*+2%#/+8"&%#"%#:+*+9,%#.+/#.%2%&&)#"//)#$&'.%)7#&2"-%&+#/+#&"$$+#2+8%)*"/%#,A+#4"8"#

)8*%#%$,2%&&)#".#'*#"&+*+)#.%#5'+//"#2+8%)*+X#$%#$&%-"#%*#PY?#-%/%)*%#.%#+'2)#/0"-!

-)*&"2+#,)-4/+$$%1)#.+//+#&"$$+#$'/#.%2%&&)#"//)#$&'.%)#4+2#5'+$&0"**)#",,".+-%,)C

V22%1%"-)#5'%*.%#".#'*#4"2".)$$)#4+2#%/#5'"/+7#$)*)#8/%#$&+$$%#$&'.+*&%#%#42%-%#

9*"*(%"&)2%#.%#'*#.%2%&&)#,A+#.)12+::+#+$$+2+#/)#$&"&)#"#8"2"*&%2+7#5'+$&)#"*,A+#"#

$+8'%&)#.+8/%#"'-+*&%#.+//+#&"$$+#2+8%)*"/%#4+2#%/#.%2%&&)#"//)#$&'.%)7#$)/)#*+/#!"(%)#

/"#&"$$"#5'+$&0"**)#Z#"'-+*&"&"#.%#<??#+'2)#4+2#&'&&%#8/%#$&'.+*&%C#

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

86 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$%&'()"(*'+,)%#(-)($).)%)(/)(*0'*-().0#*%)(-$$'(-..)")*%&-1)#")($#2-$)('(-)(%-+$)(-)(

3"-"1)-.'"%)(-$$'(4'+)#")5(-(*'+,)%#(/'$$-(&'2'"%'($'++'(3"-"1)-&)-5($'(*%'**'(4'+)#!

")(/).)",)*2#"#()(6#"/)(0&#0&)(*%-"1)-%)(0'&()$(/)&)%%#(-$$#(*%,/)#5(-**)*%)-.#(7,)"/)(

-/(,"-(&)/,1)#"'(/'$(6#"/#(*%-%-$'(2#*8(2#.'(/')(3"-"1)-.'"%)(&-+)#"-$)5(7,'*%#()"!

2)/'()"(.-")'&-("'+-%)9-(*,(%,%%)(7,')(*'&9)1)(6#"/-.'"%-$)(0'&(+$)(*%,/'"%)(2#.'(

$'(2-*'(/'$$#(*%,/'"%'(#(+$)(-$$#++)(*%,/'"%'*2:)5($'(.'"*'('(+$)(*2#"%)(*,)(%&-*0#&%);

<(*'+,)%#(/'$$=-00&#9-1)#"'(/'$$'($'++'(>?@A>@B@('(/')(2#"*'+,'"%)(/'2&'%)5(

C()"#$%&'(*%-%#()*%)%,)%#()$(D#"/#(0'&()$(.'&)%#(E.)*,&-(2#"%'",%-(-$$=)"%'&"#(/'$$-(

$'++'F5()$(G)")*%&#(:-(*%-"1)-%#(H@(.)$)#")(0'&(7,'*%#(6#"/#(EB@(/)&'%%-.'"%'(-%%&-!

9'&*#(6#"/)(*%-%-$)5()(&'*%-"%)(>@(%&-.)%'(6#"/)(',&#0')F5($=#I)'%%)9#(/)(7,'*%#(6#"/#(

C(7,'$$#(/)(0&'.)-&'()(2#*)//'%%)(J.'&)%'9#$)K5(*%,/'"%)(2:'(/#9&'II'&#(2#"*'+,)!

&'(-(*'+,)%#(/)(,"(%'*%("-1)#"-$'(2:'(/#9&'II'(9-$,%-&"'($'(2-0-2)%L5(,"-(I#&*-(/)(

*%,/)#(/'$$='"%)%L(-"2:'(/)(B@;@@@(',&#(2:'(-(*'+,)%#(/'$(0&).#(-""#(/#9&'II'(%&-!

*6#&.-&*)()"(,"(0&'*%)%#(/-(&'*%)%,)&'(-$(%'&.)"'(/'+$)(*%,/);

M='N(G)")*%&#(O'$.)")(:-(%-+$)-%#()(6#"/)(*,$(/)&)%%#(-$$#(*%,/)#(.-(:-()"9'*%)%#(

I'"(H@(.)$)#")(*,(,"(6#"/#5(-0'&%#(-"2:'(-$$-(0#**)I)$)%L(/)(&)2'9'&'()"9'*%).'"%)(

0&)9-%)5(2:'(*'"1-(%'"'&'()"(2#"%#(/'$(&'//)%#(/'+$)(*%,/'"%)(:-($=#I)'%%)9#(/)(0&'!

.)-&'(2:)(&)*,$%-(0)P(I&-9#(-/(,"(%'*%("-1)#"-$'5(#(2:)(:-($-(.'/)-(/'+$)('*-.)(0)P(

-$%-5(.'"%&'(-(%-"%)(-$%&)(*%,/'"%)(9)'"'("'+-%#($=-22'**#(-$$=,")9'&*)%L5(-(*'+,)%#(

/'$(%-+$)#(-$(6#"/#("-1)#"-$'(0'&()$(/)&)%%#(-$$#(*%,/)#;

300

250

200

150

100

50

0

milio

ni d

i eur

o

19981999

19992000

20002001

20012002

20022003

20032004

20042005

20052006

20062007

20072008

FONDO STATALE

ENTRATE DA TASSA REGIONALE

RISORSE PROPRIEREGIONI

20082009

20092010

20112012

20102011

20122013

246,5

177152

97 100

26

167147124 144

1261291037762

FONTI DI FINANZIAMENTO DELLE BORSE DI STUDIO 1998-2012 Grafico 2

Le risorse relative aglli anni 2011 e 2012 sono quelle previste nel disegno di Legge di Stabilità 2011. La Tds nel 2009/10 variava tra i 62 e i 130 euro. Fonte: MIUR.

Welfare e diritti

87Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

L’immigrazione

!"#$%&'#(')%*+*,'*-+*&.&/0'#1'+#12(-'+)&#$1'3(##('4(%*$(+'5&%'*#'+61'789':1++*&%'

;$($*+$*)1' <..*2%(=*1-&'(##63&'&>)()&.&-$&'(*' #*.*$*'3&##&'51#*$*)?&'56@@#*)?&'

*$(#*(-&'*-'.($&%*(,'(*'5&%*)1#1+*'+&-$*.&-$*'A&-1B1@*'3*C6+*'-&##('+1)*&$D'*$(#*(-('

&'(22%(E($*'3(##(')%*+*'*-')1%+1'.('(-)?&'(##F6-*)('+$%(3('%(2*1-&E1#&'5&%'2&+$*%&'

&' +65&%(%&' #F($$6(#&' B(+&' &)1-1.*)(0' G6&##(' 3&##(' %*36=*1-&' 3&##&' 3*+626(2#*(-!

=&'&)1-1.*)?&'&'+1)*(#*,'*E*')1.5%&+1'#F(-)1%('*-($$6($('2(%(-=*('3&##&'5(%*$D'3*'

$%($$(.&-$1'$%(')*$$(3*-*'*$(#*(-*'&'+$%(-*&%*'-&#'.1-31'3&#'#(E1%1,'-&##F())&++1'(*'

+&%E*=*'56@@#*)*'&'5%*E($*,'-&##('$*$1#(%*$D'3&*'3*%*$$*')*E*#*'&'51#*$*)*H

<#'7I88'J'+$($1'6-'(--1'*-')6*'2#*'(%%*E*'3&*'.*2%(-$*'5%1E&-*&-$*'3(*'5(&+*'3&#'

;63' 3&#'K&3*$&%%(-&1' ?(--1' %*51%$($1' (##(' #6)&' #F*-(3&26($&==(' 3&#' +*+$&.(' 3*'

())12#*&-=('*$(#*(-1,'#('.(-)(-=('3&##('E1#1-$D'51#*$*)('3*'2&+$*%&'#&'.*2%(=*1-*'

%*-6-)*(-31'(##('3&.(212*('&'+)&2#*&-31'3*'5%*E*#&2*(%&'*'3*%*$$*'6.(-*'3&##&'5&%+1!

-&H'LF<$(#*('+*'J'$%1E($('(#')&-$%1'3*'6-'3*@($$*$1'56@@#*)1'&6%15&1')?&'(-)1%('6-('

E1#$('?('3&-6-)*($1'#F*-)(5()*$D'3&#'-1+$%1'5(&+&'3*'31$(%+*'3*'6-'.13&##1'&'3*'6-'

+*+$&.('3*'())12#*&-=('&'3*'*-)#6+*1-&'3&*'.*2%(-$*'&>)()&H

K('*#'7I88'J'+$($1'(-)?&'#F(--1'3&##('!=*-2(%151#*/'.*#(-&+&,'3&##('5%1+&)6!

=*1-&'3&##F*%%&+51-+(@*#&'51#*$*)('3&2#*'+21.@&%*'3*')(.5*'%1.,'3&##1'+)*15&%1'3&*'

#(E1%($1%*'(2%*)1#*'3*'M(%3N,'3&*'.1E*.&-$*'3*'.*2%(-$*'*-$&%-*'3(#'-1%3'(#'+63'('

)(6+('3&##(')%*+*'&'3&##('5&%3*$('3&#'#(E1%1'3('5(%$&'3*'.1#$*'#(E1%($1%*'+$%(-*&%*,'

3&##&'%*E1#$&'-&*'4*&'(')(6+('3&##&')1-3*=*1-*'3*+6.(-&'-&##&'G6(#*'*'.*2%(-$*'+1!

-1'*-'&++*'3&$&-6$*H

:*'B%1-$&'('$6$$1'G6&+$1'#('+)&#$('3&#'21E&%-1'J'+$($('(-)1%('6-('E1#$('G6&##('3*'

6$*#*==(%&'*-'.131'+$%6.&-$(#&'*'.*2%(-$*')1.&'6-')(5%1'&+5*($1%*1'&'3*'*-)1%(2!

2*(%&'#F*-$1##&%(-=('&'#F1+$*#*$D'3&*')*$$(3*-*'*$(#*(-*'-&*'#1%1')1-B%1-$*')1-'.&++(22*'

(##(%.*+$*)*')?&'-1-'?(--1')&%$1'B()*#*$($1'#F*-$&%E&-$1'3&2#*'&-$*'#1)(#*'-&##('5%&3*!

+51+*=*1-&'3*'+$%6$$6%&'3*'())12#*&-=('3*2-*$1+&'&'3*'*-$&%E&-$*'3*'*-)#6+*1-&'+1)*(#&'

)(5()*'3*'B(%'B%1-$&'(#'-61E1'(6.&-$1'3&*'O6++*'E*('.(%&'+6))&++*E*'(##('%*E1#$('*-'

P6-*+*('&'(#')1-O*$$1'#*@*)1H

M1-')FJ'36-G6&'3('+$65*%+*'+&'-&##F(--1'*-')6*'#F<$(#*('+*'$%1E('(3'&++&%&')1.!

.*++(%*($('3(##('41..*++*1-&'Q6%15&('&'3(#'R1-31'.1-&$(%*1' *-$&%-(=*1-(#&'('

)(6+('3&##(')%&+)*$('3&#'+61'3&@*$1'56@@#*)1,'#('#&22&'3*'@*#(-)*1'5%151+$('(#'5(%#(!

.&-$1'5%&E&3&'6-'(6.&-$1'3&##&'%*+1%+&'3&+$*-($&'(##('($$*E(=*1-&,'(##('#1)(=*1-&'

&'(##('2&+$*1-&'3&*')&-$%*'3*'$%($$&-*.&-$1'&'3*'())12#*&-=('5&%'+$%(-*&%*'*%%&21#(%*H'

LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

88 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$%"&'(')*'"+'",-.)"/01*2'10'"*,((,"3.,4'/')*'"1//,/010,"3,."'("5$##"+'4,*01*)"3'6"

+'"#78"*,("5$#5"9:13;5%<#=",")(0.,"5#>"3,."'("5$#%","3,."'("5$#8;"?,(".,/0)":@,"'"

A',".,/0'*)"(B-*':1"3.,)::-312')*,"+,("C)4,.*)"D"0,/0'&)*'10)"+1("E100)":@,"(1"(,C!

C,"#5F75$##"@1"3.)(-*C10)"-(0,.').&,*0," '("3,.')+)"&1//'&)"+'"0.100,*'&,*0)"

+,'"&'C.1*0'"'*"G-,/0,"/0.-00-.,"+1">"1"#H"9+':')00)="&,/';

!"#$%&'()#'*+(&#$,+-$#$.#+

I1"014)(1"/)00)/01*0,"'((-/0.1"3'6"+'"G-1(/'1/'":)&&,*0)"(1"G-1*0'0J"+'".'/).!

/,"'*4,/0'0,"+1("*)/0.)"31,/,"*,'"A',"9,K"A301=")44,.)"*,((,"/0.-00-.,":@,"/,:)*+)"

(1"(,CC,"+)4.,LL,.)":)*/,*0'.,"(B'+,*0'M:12')*,","(B,/,:-2')*,"+,((B,/3-(/')*,"+,'"

:'001+'*'"/0.1*',.'"3.'4'"+'"3,.&,//)"+'"/)CC').*);"?)4.,LL,.)"&1"3'6"/0-+'"@1*!

*)"+'&)/0.10)":@,":)/N"*)*"DO"&,*)"+,((1"&,0J"+,((,"3,./)*,"+,0,*-0,"*,'":,*0.'"

4',*,",P,00'41&,*0,",/3-(/1;"Q('"-*':'"1"0.1..,",P,00'41&,*0,"41*01CC')"+1((1":.,!

12')*,"+'"G-,/0,"/0.-00-.,"/)*)"'":)/'++,00'",*0'"C,/0).'":@,"3,."(1"().)"C,/0')*,"

.':,4)*)"-*"/1::)"+'"/)(+';

STANZIAMENTI CIE (EX CPTA) 1999-2012

1999 24.412.385 2000 38.131.554 2001 42.117.656 2002 59.167.981 2003 131.123.164 2004 94.837.353 2005 111.226.553 2006 122.226.553 2007 122.226.553 2008 3.000.000 2009 72.500.000 2010 123.400.000 2011 103.240.727 2012 174.126.088 totale 1.221.736.567

Fonti: Lunaria su dati della Corte dei Conti, Leggi finanziarie; Dl151/08 e L. 94/2009

Tabella 10

Welfare e diritti

89Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&'"()'"*'+,-&*'

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

94 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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Welfare e diritti

95Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

96 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

L’impresa di un’economia diversa

La prospettiva di nuove produzioni e consumi

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L’impresa di un’economia diversa

97Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

98 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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L’impresa di un’economia diversa

99Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

Puntare sulle energie rinnovabili

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LA LEGGE DI STABILITÀ PER IL 2012

100 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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L’impresa di un’economia diversa

101Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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103Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

104 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

105Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

LEGALITÀ E GIUSTIZIA FISCALE Le proposte nel dettaglio

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

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WELFARE E DIRITTI SOCIALI Le proposte nel dettaglio

Servizi e politiche sociali/000',"$+$'1$2&.!='!>&.7)*!%'!(&%//%)'-'!)%4#'!%'!>.7('!$*&!#*!$.#')'-6*!(*##%!>%/'!

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7'(.!7*#!FEEG<!0'!)&%))%!('!87!+*&1'2'.!-.7-&*).9!/.#).!$'H!8)'#*!*!-.7)'78%)'1.!('!*#%&!

4'2'.7'!87%!)%7)8/!-6*!7.7!&'+.#1.7.!'!$&.A#*/'!(*##%!I8.)'('%7')@!(*##*!>%/'4#'*<

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-$,+$.'3.7.+)%7)*!#%!J.+)')82'.7*!')%#'%7%!$&*1*(%!-6*!#?%++'+)*72%!+.-'%#*!+'%!87!

('&')).!+.-'%#*!$*&!)8))'!'!-'))%('7'9!-.+K!7.7!L<!3*##.!+)*++.!)*/$.!1'!L!87%!4&%7('+!

+'/%!('1*&+':-%2'.7*!7*##%!*&.4%2'.7*!(*'!+*&1'2'!+.-'%#'!%!+*-.7(%!(*##*!M*4'.7'!

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7%2'.7%#*!$*&!#*!$.#')'-6*!+.-'%#'9!#?'7)&.(82'.7*!(*'!P'1*%+!,#'1*##'!*++*72'%#'!('!%+!

+'+)*72%59!$&*1'+)'!(%##%!#*44*!DFQ!(*#!FEEE!*!%7-.&%!.44'!#*))*&%!/.&)%<

8&12&'()*'+,'1&1',%#&"%=-$)13,.!R44'!'#!#'1*##.!(*##*!$.#')'-6*!$8AA#'-6*!

$*&!#%!7.7!%8).+8S-'*72%!+.7.!%!#'1*##'!$&*++.-6T!+'/A.#'-'<!=%#!FECC!'#!O.7(.!$*&!

#%!7.7!%8).+8S-'*72%!L!$&%)'-%/*7)*!%22*&&%).<!J6'*('%/.!$*&-'U!'#!&'$&'+)'7.!(*'!

VEE!/'#'.7'!('!*8&.!,+)%72'%)'!7*#!FECE!*!-%7-*##%)'!7*#!FECC5!$*&!#*!$.#')'-6*!%!>%!

1.&*!(*##*!$.#')'-6*!$8AA#'-6*!$*&!#%!7.7!%8).+8S-'*72%<!M'-.&('%/.!-6*!%7-6*!

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#'%&('!*!WEE!/'#'.7'!7*-*++%&'!$*&!/*))*&*!'7!-%/$.!$.#')'-6*!$8AA#'-6*!%(*48%)*!

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

116 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

Casa!"#$%&'"(#")*+,%(+,,-+.$$"(%(/%0(,-%1*,*2*+(0%#*1%'2*+,%(/344,*)+5!"#!$%&!

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=>>!1/#/%&/!6-5!/#!,%,*-.&%!,%3/(#-!(##?()**%!6-5!#-!3#(,,/!(!;(,,%!5-''/*%9!

@(&%&-!(.-A%#(*%9!"#!,%,*-.&%!(#!3(&%&-!(.-A%#(*%!B5%6%&/(1%!'/!'%*(5-!'/!

C>>!1/#/%&/!'/!-05%!(../0&*/A/!/#!D$%&'%!E(7/%&(#-!'/!,%,*-.&%!6-5!#?(33-,,%!(#!

#-!(;/*(7/%&/!/&!#%3(7/%&-F!65-A/,*%!'(##(!#-..-!GCHIJKL!38-!3%&,-&*-!'/!2%5&/5-!(!

3/**('/&/!3%&!6(5*/3%#(5/!5-M0/,/*/!'/!;(,,%!5-''/*%!3%&*5/;0*/!6-5!/#!6(.(1-&*%!'-/!

3(&%&/9

Pari opportunità e gender6%'1%0(731*$*'&5!B5%6%&/(1%!#?/&*5%'07/%&-!'-#!.-&'-5!(0'/*/&.!(!#/A-##%!'/!

2%510#(7/%&-!'-/!;/#(&3/!'-##-!60;;#/38-!(11/&/,*5(7/%&/!3-&*5(#/!-!'-.#/!-&*/!#%!

3(#/!(#!N&-!'/!/&'/5/77(5-!#(!,6-,(!60;;#/3(!,-3%&'%!35/*-5/!'/!6(5/!%66%5*0&/*O!-!'/!

'/1-&,/%&-!'/!.-&-5-9!:;/#(&3/(1%3/<!65%6%&-!'/!,*(&7/(5-!P!1/#/%&/!'/!-05%!6-5!

#(!2%51(7/%&-!'-/!20&7/%&(5/!60;;#/3/!&-##(!,*-,05(!'/!;/#(&3/!'/!.-&-5-!-!6-5!#(!#%!

5%!60;;#/3(7/%&-9

8%'$0*(+'$*9*",%'2+5!:;/#(&3/(1%3/<!65%6%&-!#%!,*(&7/(1-&*%!'/!P>!1/#/%&/!

'/!-05%!6-5!#(!3%,*507/%&-!'/!H>>!&0%A/!3-&*5/!(&*/A/%#-&7(!/&!*0**-!#-!5-./%&/L!(A!

A/(&'%L!3%&!#?Q,,%3/(7/%&-!E(7/%&(#-!'-/!@-&*5/!Q&*/A/%#-&7(L!0&(!6/(&/N3(7/%&-!

'-##(!2%51(7/%&-!'-.#/!%6-5(*%5/!-!'-##-!%6-5(*5/3/!RB5%&*%!:%33%5,%L!,-5A/7/!,%3/%S

,(&/*(5/L!2%57-!'-##?%5'/&-L!1(./,*5(*-I/L!(AA%3(*/I-T!38-!-&*5(&%!/&!3%&*(**%!3%&!

-6/,%'/!'/!A/%#-&7(!'/!.-&-5-L!-#(;%5(5-!0&(!65%6%,*(!2%51(*/A(!6-5!#-!,30%#-!R/&!

'/5/77(*(!,/(!(#!3%56%!'%3-&*-!38-!(.#/I##-!,*0'-&*/I-,,-T!6-5!#(!,-&,/;/#/77(7/%&-!-!

6-5!#(!65-A-&7/%&-!'-##(!A/%#-&7(!'/!.-&-5-9

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&%! 5/,6%,*-!(##?-1-5.-&7(!'/!0&(!'%&&(! /&!'/)3%#*O4! 3%&,0#*%5/L! ,-5A/7/! ,%3/(#/L!

65%.-**/!6-5!/&,-5/1-&*/!#(A%5(*/A/L!,-5A/7/!65-!-!'%6%S,30%#(!6-5!2(A%5/5-!#(!5/3-5!

3(!'-#!#(A%5%!-!#?(**/A/*O!#(A%5(*/A(!'-##(!'%&&(9!$(A%5/5-!#(!6%,,/;/#/*O!'/!0,0250/5-!

Welfare e diritti sociali

117Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

!"#$%&'(("()*%+'#,*-',*#.$',/0'#,'#!/%%'#!*%$%1"#-,"#'2$("#*#%/%#'22"'#$%#30/30"/#

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()'#8#!"#()'2","0*#9#"%#'11/0!/#1/%#,*#:*-"/%"#9#$%/#()'%+"'5*%)/#()0'/0!"%'0"/#!"#

;<<#5","/%"#!"#*$0/#3*0#$%#3"'%/#()0'/0!"%'0"/#!"#0'=/0+'5*%)/#*#!*,,/#(>",$33/#

!*"#1/%($,)/0"6

Immigrazione!"#$%$&'()*#(!#*(*(+&,-&'..#()#(#/01$%#,/*2#7'#1?"$($0'#!*"#@*%)0"#!"#A!*%!

)"B1'+"/%*#*#C(3$,("/%*D#1/%#"#;EF#5","/%"#30*>"()"#%*,,'#,*--*#!"#2",'%1"/#3*0#",#

G<;G#3*0#,&'))">'+"/%*H#,'#,/1'+"/%*#*#,'#-*()"/%*#!"#%$/>"#@"*#("#3/)0*22*#B%'%+"'!

0*#$%#30/-0'55'#%'+"/%',*#!"#"%1,$("/%*#(/1"',*H#)0'#1$"I#1/0("#3$22,"1"#*#-0')$")"#

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%*#()0'%"*0'H#(3'+"#"%)*01$,)$0',"#*#0"(/0(*#3*0#"#-"/>'%"#JB-,"#!*,,&"55"-0'+"/%*K6

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1'01*0"#'))0'>*0(/# ",# 0'=/0+'5*%)/#!*,#0"1/0(/#'#5"($0*#',)*0%')">*#',#1'01*0*#*#

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(/-%'#3/"#>'0'0*#$%'#(*0"*#!"#5"($0*#M1/5*#,'#J5*(('#"%#30/>'#3*0#-,"#'!$,)"K#,'#

,"5")'+"/%*#!*,,'#1$()/!"'#1'$)*,'0*#*!#",#($3*0'5*%)/#!"#!"(13,"%*#1/5*#.$*,,*#

!*,#J0*1"!">/#0*")*0')/KN#1?*#1/%)0"2$"(1/%/#"%#5/!/#("-%"B1')">/#',#(/>0'=/,,'!

5*%)/#*("()*%)*6#

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Sanità6*)*&'1#%.,(#/(%'/#372#A,#4*!*0',"(5/#"%#('%")OH#1/(P#1/5*#8#()')/#'))$')/#B%/#

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

118 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

!"#$$%&'(%)*#*'(#+(+',%++-(.#/'-.#+%0(+%(1'&232#3+'#./%(!"#(+%("%3'-.'($-!"%44%"-(

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!%(+#(:#"!#(%2"-$%#(1%'(1'"'!!'(1%+(5#+#!-(1#($#"!%(1%+($#"+#5%.!-(%(1%+(3-,%".-(%(

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.%(C2"-$%#(;($%"(,#+2!#"%(*-.(2.(&'&!%5#(-5-3%.%-(+#(92#+'!D(1%++A#&&'&!%./#7(8(

EF(1'"'!!'('.(%&&#(*-.!%.2!'(;("%&'(,%"'(%($"-$"'('.1'*#!-"'(1'(92#+'!D(1%'(&%",'/'(;(1'!

,%.!%"%44%"-('.(!#+(5-1-($#"#5%!"'($%"(5'&2"#"%(92#+'!D(%(2.'G-"5'!D(1'(#**%&&-(

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/'-.#+%(2.(5#33'-"(*-.!"-++-(1%'(&%",'/'(%"-3#!'(%0(.%+(!%5$-0('+($%"G%/'-.#5%.!-(

1%+(5-1%++-(G%1%"#+%('.(#!!-(IG%1%"#+'&5-(&-+'1#+%J7

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&#.'!#"'#(%(1%'(&2-'(&$"%*M'(%1(#42&'7(K4'+#.*'#5-*'L(&!'5#('.(E(5'+'#"1-(1'(%2"-(

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2#',3(+/'#0*'(%4(5"+/')%1(K4'+#.*'#5-*'L($"-$-.%(+#(*-&!'!2/'-.%(1'(2.(G-.!

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119Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

120 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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Welfare e diritti sociali

121Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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L’IMPRESA DI UN’ECONOMIA DIVERSA Le proposte nel dettaglio

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

122 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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Sviluppo economico5.'#%6'/.,*+/0'%$,*,7*,0/./#'0%4$H"$:),:,+*$',$5!(+/"(2*+!,$-"$8AA$2"'","

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L’impresa di un’economia diversa

123Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

124 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

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L’impresa di un’economia diversa

125Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

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LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

126 RAPPORTO SBILANCIAMOCI! 2012

! Entrate * " UsciteFISCO

Tassa patrimoniale 10.500 Progressività 1.200 Contributo solidarietà capitali scudati 15.000 Armonizzazione rendite 2.000 Tassazione diritti televisivi 40 Tassazione pubblicità 500 Tassazione veicoli per emissione C02 500 Porto d’armi 270

AMBIENTE Canone di concessione acque minerali 10 Agevolazioni per efficienza energetica 1.000Ammodernamento della Rete Idrica Nazionale 100Finanziamento fondo protocollo di Kyoto 200Impianti fotovoltaici 1.000Cancellazione Grandi opere 1.543 Ferrovie locali per i pendolari 1.000Cancellazione delle misure a sostegno dell’autotrasporto merci 400 Difesa del suolo 1.000Programma piccole opere 913Mobilità sostenibile ed efficiente 150Trasporto Pubblico Locale 200Veicoli a metano ed elettrici 90Rischio idrogeologico 260Contabilità ambientale 4Aree protette 50Abbattimento ecomostri 18

PACE E DISARMO Spese militari

Riforma delle Forze Armate con riduzione degli organici 3.000 Riconversione industria militare 200Fine Missione in Afghanistan 616 Riduzione programmi sistemi d’arma (F35, Fremm, etc) 783 Servizio Civile Nazionale 200Istituto per la pace 7Cancellazione “Vivi le forze armate” 20 Cancellazione Programma “militari in città” 72

Solidarietà internazionale Aiuto Pubblico allo Sviluppo 400

WELFARE Politiche sociali, lotta alla povertà

Asili nido 1.000Liveas e Fondo nazionale Politiche Sociali 2.000Fondo per le non autosufficienze 400

* O minori uscite

LE PROPOSTE DI SBILANCIAMOCI! PER IL 2012

127Come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

! Entrate * " Uscite

TOTALE 40.328 40.328

Casa Sostegno sociale all’affitto 200Canone Agevolato 300

Pari Opportunità Gender Auditing 5Centri anti violenza 50Consultori 100

Immigrazione Chiusura Cie 174 Interventi per i diritti, l’inclusione e l’accoglienza dei migranti 174

Sanità Riordino convenzioni private 1.000 Medicina Territoriale 100Unità di risveglio e unità spinali 120

Università Fondo ordinario 1.500Alloggi universitari 500Borse di studio 500

Scuola Edilizia scolastica 2.000Abolizione fondi scuole private 700 Autonomia scolastica 300Borse di studio 150Fondo diritto allo studio 600Obbligo scolastico 300

Piano Giovani Interventi per il lavoro, la scuola, la previdenza 3.000

L’IMPRESA DI UN’ECONOMIA DIVERSA Lavoro

Da co.pro a dipendenti 1.000Sostegno al potere di acquisto 5.000

Sviluppo economico Autoimprenditorialità sociale 400Copyleft e opensource 2.000

Imprese e innovazione Credito d’imposta per assunzioni di ricercatori 100Fondo nazionale per progetti di ricerca 1.000

Economia solidale Distretti economia solidale e Gas 30Risparmio comunitario e autogestito 25Finanza etica 20Fondo per agricoltura biologica 20Social Public Procurement 20Incentivi legno eco-certificato 25A riduzione del debito 12.597

Aderiscono alla campagna Sbilanciamoci!: ActionAid, Aiab, Altreconomia, Antigone, Arci, Arci Servizio Civile, Associazione Obiettori Nonviolenti, Associazione per la Pace, Beati i Costruttori di Pace, Campagna per la Riforma della Banca Mondiale, Carta, CIPSI, Cittadinanzattiva, CNCA, Comunità delle Piagge Firenze, Comitato italiano contratto mondiale sull’acqua, Comunità di Capodarco, Conferenza Nazionale Volontariato Giustizia, Coop. ROBA dell’Altro Mondo, CTM Altromercato, Crocevia, Donne in nero, Emergency, Emmaus Italia, Fair, Fondazione Culturale Responsabilità Etica, ICS, Icea, Gli Asini, Legambiente, Link, LILA, Lunaria, Mani Tese, Microfinanza srl, Movimento Consumatori, Nigrizia, Pax Christi, Rete Lilliput, Rete Universitaria Nazionale, Rete degli Studenti, Rete della conoscenza, Terre des Hommes, UISP, Unione degli Studenti, Unione degli Universitari, Un Ponte per…, WWF

Il 13° Rapporto Sbilanciamoci! analizza, come ogni anno, i principali provvedimenti di politica economica e finanziaria del governo e del parlamento e formula proposte alternative su come usare la spesa pubblica per i diritti, la pace, l’ambiente

In copertina: Dati di Arnaldo Filippinicover design: AnAlphabet