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« O t K o e B p eM e c a a a n o m a ^ H ó i a r a p i r r e « a ce c e ;u iT b P y M 'b i ii in h o t K o e B p e M e p y M 'M icK H H r n a p o f l e a a x n a n a j i iiM a co jiM flapH O C T c f i u i r a - pH TC, TOBa e nOMTH H eH 3B eCTH 0. H h o BHflHM , He Tan c o jiH A a p n o c T e c b m e c T B y B a jia om ,e o t BpeMOTO Ha A c e H a I h o rn i ' n o - p a n o . . . » (B ecT H H K « C b o - 6 o f l a » , 6 p . 2 9 , 1 . V I . 1 8 7 0 . y B o f l u a c t s t h b ) 1.

« De treisprezece veacuri Romìnii $i Bulgarii tràiesc de ambele laturi ale DunSrii, trecind cind unii, clnd al{i¡ apele bàtrìnului fluviu, totdeauna pentru a se ajuta, nici odatà pentru a se combate » 2. (Ioan Bogdan, Rominii fi Bulgarii. Raporturile culturale fi politice intre aceste douà popoare, Bucurejti, 1895).

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c J ie A 1944 r . I lo S e A a T a H a c o im a jin c T H H e c K a T a peB0JiK>n;HH rapaH Tupa Tbp>K ecTB O TO H a H a ii- x y M a H H H T e OTHOHieHHH M e a t fly H a p o A H T e , C T p e M e w a HM KBM c6jIH?KeHH0 H B3aHMH0 0n03HaBaHe HO BCHHKH BT>3M0?KHH HBTHma.

H a c T 0 « m a T a CTaTH H c h n o c T a B H 3 a i ; c j i a » n p o c J ie f lH p a 3 n p 0 C T p a H e H H e T 0 Ha H O B aT a 6 'b J ir a p c K a J iH T e p a T y p a b P yivrb H H H o t 3 a p a > K A a H e T o h (1762 ) f l o 1944 r o A H H a . IU ,e p a 3 H iH p H M p a 6 o T a T a c h c p a 3 rJ ie 5 K A a H e h H a o h c 3 hCTaTHH H APyrH MaTCpiiaJIH, H3Jie3JIH B pa3JIH'IHH pyMT>HCKH bccthhi; h h «HHCaHHH, B KOHTO Ca H3Ka33HH MHCJIH BT>pxy 6M rapCK aTa flH TepaTypa. 3 a no-rojiH M a nperJieAHOCT m e HanpaBHM onHT Aa npocJieAHM TOBa p a 3 n p o - CTpaHeHHe n o nepnoA H .

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meHHH Me>KAy t h x 6 n x a MorjiH Aa ce Ha6eJiea<aT h h k o j i k o n epnoA a.Ih > p eu iim n e p u o d o 6 x B a m a B p e M e T o o t X a o X V I I BeK1, K o ra T O K y j i -

T yp H O T O B J iH H H iie H a 6 "wi r a p i n e u t p x y p y \n ,H H T C e i i i u i o a t ia ’ iH T C JiH O .

C jia B H H C K H H T (c p e A H o C ijJ ir a p c K H H T ) e 3 H K n p e 3 T 0 3 H n e p n o A e 6 h j i H 3 H 0 J i3 y - B a H b p y M tH C K O T O S o r o c j iy jK e H H e , a c J ie A 0 C H 0 B a B a H e H a pyM T>H CKH Te K H H H te cT B a ( B j i a x H H h M o n A O B a n p e 3 m > p B a T a H O JiO BHH a H a X I V B e K )

t o h C T a B a o < jn in ;iia jie H e 3 H K H a K a H U ,e jia p iiH T a h H a K y j i T y p a T a , 3aAT>p>KaHKH

c e a o X V I b o k , K o r a T o n o c T e n e H H O S iiB a 3 a M e H e H c p y u rb H C K H .

I I p e 3 T 0 3 H n e p n o A 6 n x a M o rJ iH A a c e p a 3 r p a H H H a T A B a M O M e m a :1 . ,3,0 n a A a H e T O H a E 'b J ir a p i iH n o A T y p c K o p o 6 c t b o , K o r a T o C t j ir a p c K O T O

B JiH H H iie B i . p x y pyM T>H CK aTa k in i> k t in H a e n p H K O h c h j i h o . B T > ;ira p n T e o m e

o t K p a a H a V I I B e K h m b t c b o h o p r a H H 3 n p a H a A 't p J K a B a , k o h t o n p e 3 I X h X B e K p a 3 H iiip H B a M H o ro rp a H iin , it T e c h , B K J iio H B a iiK H h 3eM H H a c e B e p

o t p e n a f l y H a B 2 . I I p e 3 T e 3 ii B eK O B e 6 T > Jira p c K H H T H a p o A n o c r a r a t o j i h m K y j iT y p e H p a 3 ijB e T , K a K b B T O o m e H e H 0 3 H a B a T A P y n iT e c Jia B H H C K H H a p o A H 3 .

2 . O t n a A a H e T O h o a T y p c K o p o 6 c t b o a o X V I I B e K , K o r a T o TO Ba b j i h h - H iie H e e b c h c h h t o n p « K o h h h t o c h j i h o . I I o p a A i i H a n u i H o H 3M e n e H H T e H C T O p iIH C C K lI y C JIO B IIH K y jIT y p H H H T JK H B 0 T B B l iJ ir a p H H e npeK T >CH aT nOHTH

H a n ’B JiH o i i k h h j k o b h h h i k o j i h c S o r a T a j i i iT e p a T y p H a a c h h o c t H e CT>in,ecTByBaT.

B jiiiH H H e T O c e r a c e y n p a ? K H H B a o t o h h h k h h j k o b h h i j h , h h h t o 6 p o n e m t>hho A a c e o n p e A e jm , k o h t o n p e 3 T y p cK O T O H a m e c T B H e e M iir p n p a T b P y M ’bHHH

h T y K 3 a e A H 0 c p y s rB H C K H n p e n H C B a n n H 3 ro J ie M H T e p v M i.H C K ii M a ira c T H p a

1 B>k. Istoria Rominiei, Bucure§ti, v. II, 1962, CTp. 181 h 664.2 IlaK m aM , v. II, CTp. 181.8 M APKOB, II. M. IUEIITyH OB, OiepKu ucmopuu 6oAiapcKoii Aumepa-

mypbi X I X — X X eenoe, M ., 1959, CTp. 5 (Beedenue).

448

iipaBflT HOBii npemicn hjiii ctCTaBUT hobh c6 opHHu;ii, KaTo ii3noji3yBaT MaTepwajiH o t no-CTapit p^Konncn. I l p e 3 to3h nepnoß ce (JopMiipa pyMi>H- ckiiht jiHTepaTypeH e3iiK.

ßmopunm nepuod b ÖT>;rr a p o - p y m t> h ck itT e K y j i T y p m i O T H O iu e m ia o ö x B a iu ,a e n o x a T a Ha B T .3pa?K ,naH eT O Ha S t J i r a p c K H « H a p o f l — 1 7 6 2 - 1 8 7 7 r o f l . T o 3 h n p o i j e c y 6 ï> J ira p H T e — n o n o s H a r a n p i i n i i H i i — 3aK T>cH H Ba c h h k o j i k o B e K a b c p a B H e H H e c p e H e c a H c a b C T p aH U T o o t 3 a n a f l H a E ß p o n a . I l o f l S t j i r a p c K H p e H e c a H C T p H Ô B a fla c e p a 3 Ó n p a n pon ec& T H a co n n a J iH O -H K O H O M im e cK O T O n p e o 6 p a 3 0 B a H H e , k o i i t o t i a c r w i B a b C T p a n a T a k'ì»m K p a n H a X V III h m > p - BaTa n o j io B H H a H a X I X BeK h k o h t o n p o ije c o ò x B a m a n o c 'b fl 'b p > K a H H e o c B o ô o îK f le H H e T O Ha CTpanaTa o t o K O B iiT e H a T y p c K i iH (J)eo,n;ajiH3'i>M, a n o 4>opMa — 6 o p 6 a T a s a H anH O H aJiH O K y jiT y p H O h n p . o c B o 6 o > K A e H iie H a 6 t >j i - rapcKHH H ap ofl, TbHein; n o ß nr0T0 Ha TypcKHTC c y j iT a m i, n a r a n h G c i ì o b c , K aK T O h n o ^ a y x o B H O T O u r o Ha r p ^ n K O T O f ly x o B e H C T B o 1 .

O a K T o p H T e Ha 6-bJirapcK O TO bt>3paH tflaH e c e K opeH H T b h k o h o m h i c c k h t c II COm iaJI-nO^HTHHeCKH yCJIOBHH Ha HCTOpHHeCKIlfl MOMCHT. O t rOJIHMO sH a n e H n e c a o 6 a ii e h B-bHiHHiiTe b j ih h h h h , k o h t o ii^ B aT o t C TpaH a u à c t c e f l - HHTe H a p o flH — n > p m i , c t p ö n , a j iö a H n w , T y p n ,n unii o t n o -fla jie H H H — p y c H , (|)paH H ;y3n, r cp M a H H ii, a H r a m a H H 2 . E iw ir a p cK H T c 6 y p H < oa 3 H ii h c t o - p im i i h J iH T ep a T y p H ii K p iiT im it He B H jK flaxa HH KaKBo pyurbHCKO B r a m m e b n ep H O fla H a 3apa>KflaHCTO h p a 3B iiT iieT O Ha ö 'b J ira p cK O T o B T ^ p a H iß a H e . K y jiT y p H H T e oT H om eH H H M e>K/íy 6i>JirapH h pyM T»Hii n p e s t o 3 H n e p n o f l o cT a B a T h f ío fíH e c B c e « m e H C flo c T a r M H o iip o y ^ ie H H , a M H0>i<ecTB0T0 g a n n i r — HeCHCTeM aTH3HpaHH H H e o 6 o 6 m e H H .

I I p e 3 O H e3H r o f l i iH H P y M M i i H e «CBO Ta h Ö J ia r o c J io B e H a » 3 s o m ì i , «cB O T a f f b p w a B a » 4 3 a Ö M r a p i i T e , B T o p a p o f l i r a a , k o h t o e fliiH C T B C H a o t b c h h k h c b c e ^ H H C T p a H ii T a n a i n u p o K o e p a 3 T B o p H J ia B p a T i iT e c h s a ö ^ J i r a p c K a T a C M iir p a n i iH h , c M a jiK o h s k j h o h c h h h , h m e f l a B a j i a b t >3Mo >k h o c t ^ a p a 3 B H B a T n i i i p o K a i t y j i T y p H a h n o r a T i t n e c K a fleÖ H O C T . E j i e H a E f jm i M i iy b e ^ n a c b o h CT3T H H 5 K a 3 B a : « M o /K e 6 h e ^ H a o t H a i ì - x y 6 a B H T e C T p a H H ijH o t S u i r a p c K a T a H C T o p iiH e 0 H a 3 H H a H an H O H ajiH O T O o c i> 3 H a B a H e , n o c j i e ^ B a H O C Jiefl TOBa o t p cB O Jiion H O H H O T O (^ B H H ìe H H e ) . T o B a e e n o x a , K o r a T O ^ y x o B e T e c e B i>H H yB aT 3 a o cT > m e cT B H B a H e H a 6 T > n r a p c K a T a H e 3 a B H C H M O C T ... T o B a e B p e M e T o u à H a ü - x y 6 a B a T a 6 ’b J i r a p o -p y M i .H C K a f l p y / K Ó a . . . » .

IIpe3 enoxaTa H a BT>3pa>KAaHeTO P y M t m i H u pyMtHCKaTa KyjiTypa 0Ka3BaT Ha cboh pefl; ciiJiHO BJiHHHHe Bi>pxy pà3BMTHeT0 na ö^JirapcKaTa KyjiTypa BT>o6 me. M a n a p h 3 3 bhchmh pyMT.HCKiiTe KHHHtecTBa hm3t bi>3Mo>k- hoct fla ce pa3BHBaT jjaJieH no-CBo6 oflHO, otkojikoto nopoòeHa BTiurapHii. 3aBnciiMocTTa hm o t IIopTaTa b upan Ha X V III h HanajioTO Ha X IX bok ce C1.CTOH caMo b HJianjaHeTO H a aHT>K h npii3HaBaHeTO Ha BJia^eTeJiHTe.

1 Bhc. >K. H A TA H , B'bJisapcKO napaxdane, Co^hh, 1948, C T p. 23.2 IIpo$. HB. IIIHniMAHOB, Ysod e u c m o p u n m a H a ó t A ia p c K o m o e-b3p a M d a H e ,

« 1000 eoduHu B-bjizapux, 9 2 7 — 1927, Co<f>iiH, 1930, cip. 295— 315.3 3A X A P H CTO flH O B, 3anucKu no 67>jiiapcKume e^cmanua, Collin, 1949,

C T p. 200.1 JIIOBEH KAPABEJIOB, fÌ30paHu npou3eedenun, Co^hh, 1955, t . 3 , C T p. 248.6 Bulgarii fi noi, « Graiul Romînesc», Bucureçti, 1933, nr. 5— 6, CTp. 51.

29 - o. 650 449

E t o 3a m ,o 11 n p o i j e c M Ha BT>3HHKBaHe h p a 3 B iiT iic H a k a n h t a ;i h c t 11 h e c k 11 t e OTHOmeHHH B p y M ’BHCKHTe KHHVKOCTIia e M H O ro n O -6 'b p 3 . n o CHJiaTa Ha O flpH H CK iiH f l o r o B o p ( 1 8 2 9 ) cJ ie fl p y c K O -T y p c K a T a B on H a o t 1 8 2 8 — 1 8 2 9 r o f f . T yp H H H B flH ra npaB O TO c h H a m o h o h o j i BT>pxy TT>proBiiHTa Ha B j i a x n a 11 M o ; i - 3 « B a , H a k o h t o c c p a 3 p e n ia B a H e o r p a H im e H a cB o G o a a Ha T B proB H H T a hm c f l p y m C T paH H . H a cT a H a jiH T e c e r a h k o h o m h h c c k h h co iy ia ji-n o J iH T H H e cK H h 3 M 6 h c h iih c e 0T p a3H B a T h B i .p x y pa3BHTMOTO Ha H a i^ H on ajiH aT a hm K y j iT y p a . J3,0KaT0 b B T .^ r a p n /1 3 0 OT>pBaTa n o n o B H H a 11a X I X B eK (1 8 5 0 ) h o MO>i<e # a c e r o B o p i i o m e 3 a x y flo J K e c T B e n a b h c t h h c k h h cm h ct> ji Ha a y M a T a jiH T e p a T y j a , b pyM 'bHCKHTo KuiiHiOCTBa n o e T i i h HH caTeJiH 0CH 0B aB aT S o c i e t a t e a l i t e r a r a ( 1 8 2 7 ) . O cB eH G paTH Ta B 't K 't p e m , /J iiH M K y T o J ie c K y , B a cH J ie K ’b p j i o B a , b T0311 n e p n o f l p a 6 oT H T K p y n H ii ( jm r y p n K aT o H iiK O J iae E M H e c K y , T p u r o p o A j i o K c a H f lp e c i iy , K . H e r p y m i , A j i e K y P y c c o 11 ^ p . B e e n o TOBa B p eM e c e n ocT aB H T 0C H 0B iiTe 11 Ha S o c i e t a t e a f i l a r m a n i c a ( 1 8 3 3 ) n o H H H im a ra B a T a HaH . E j in a f l e P t ^ y j i e c K y , a b H m T . A c a m i o p r a H H 3 iip a b 1 8 3 6 r o f l . C o n s e r - v a t o r u l f i l a r m o n i c d r a m a t i c (P y M X H cm iH HaH H OH ajieH T e a r b p ) , b k o h t o c e n p eflC T aB H T , o cB eH n p eB e /jeH H n n e c u o t M o j i n e p , B o J iT e p , l O r o h a p y r n , n o p iirm ia J iH H o t flapoB H T H H pyM 'bHCKH f lp a iu a T y p r B a c iu i e A j ie K c a H f lp i i , HiiHTO m i e c i i 11 A H ec c e H rp a H T c y c n e x . B t o h n e p i i o ^ c e n e n a ia T it K H iin i n o H C T o p n a n a J iiiT ep a T y p a T a 11 J im e p a T y p H a T a K p iiT iiK a . U ,ejiiiH T T0311 K y jiT y p e n j k h b o t b PyM'LHHH o K a s B a HCCbMHCHO b -u h h h h g B i> p x y p a 3 - b h t h c t o n a CT>JirapcKaTa j i i iT e p a T y p a 11 K y jiT y p a H 3 o 6 m o .

J\o 1 8 5 0 r o f l , b HOBaTa C ijJ ii'apcK a J iiiT e p a T y p a HflMa o m e T a m iB a o p i i r n - H ajiH ii n p 0 H 3 B e fle iiH H , k o h to 6n x a M o r a n 3a n p iiB J ien aT B H iiM am ieT O Ha B’bHiHHiiH c b h t , 3a f la c e m in ie 3 a ta x h jih fla c e n p e B O K fla T . OGane o t 1 8 0 0 f l o 1 8 7 7 r o f l H a p yM tH C K a T e p iiT o p n H c e c i.3 fla B a T e fl i in o t H a H -3H aH ii- T e jiH iiT e n poH 3B eflC H iiH b H C TopiiH Ta H a C tJ ir a p c K a T a B i> 3 p o *fle H C K a j ih t o - p a T y p a .

B 1 8 0 4 r o f l . b B y K y p e m , C o ^ p o H i i i i B paM aH C K ii H a n n c B a CBOHTa aB T O - 5 i i o r p a $ n f l J K u m u e u c m p a d a m i i i e p e u i n a e o C o ffip o m iH , m >p B aT a C M r a p c n a M eM oa p H a K H iir a , CMHTaHa o t h h k o h ii 3 a n t p B a C M r a p c K a n o B e c T , c k o h t o c e C Jiara H a n a .ioT O H a 6M r a p c K a T a x y flo> K ecT B eH a J i i iT e p a T y p a 1 . T h e GiiJia H ane^iaT aH a 3a npT>B m /r o t T . C . P a n o B C K ii bt>b b c c t h h k «^ y H a B C K ii Jie6 e f l » , H3j i i i 3 aiii; b B y K y p e m , eflB a b 1 8 6 1 r o ^ i iH a 2 , a b 1 8 7 2 r o f l . i i 3Jin 3a u b « I Ie p h o flH M e c K o c n i ic a H H e » , o p r a H Ha B tJ ira p cK O T O k h h h c o b h o f lp y a te cT B O b B p a iiJ ia 3 . K oH C T aH TiiH B eJiH K ii4 H 3K a3B a iip eA n oJ io> K eH H e, li e > k h t i io t o e G iijio H a m ic a n o o t (kxJtpoH H H c i ;e j i / (a 3 a n o 3 H a e K y jiT y p H a T a c p e ^ a , c p e f l k o h t o n o n a ^ a n p H iip u cT iira H e T O c n b B y K y p e m , ct>c c b o h t c j ih h h h C T p a - A am iH ii ct>c CTpaflaH H H Ta Ha c b o h H a p o f l , H aM u pain , c e n o f l Ten<Ko p o 6 c t b o .

1 B>k. L(B. MHHKOB i i s p . , CocfipoHuii BpanaHCKu, b B 'bA iapcna jiu m ep a m yp a , Co$ hh , 1958, C T p. 294.

2 I I a n m a M , C T p. 294.3 Acad. P. CO N STAN TIN E SCU - 1 I , Studii istorice romino-bulgare, Bucure§ti,

1956, CTp. 33.4 Bw. p e i ; e H 3 J i i i T e 3a c T a T i u i T e P cihhu khumcoshu 3aHuManuH na Cocpponuu

BpanaHCKu o t B. CT. AHTEJIOB h Cot/ipoHu BpanancKu e pa3euemo na 6-bJizap- cKomo 6t3paMcdaHe u Ha 6-bAzapcnama jium epamypa o t EM. r E O P F H E B , « Romanosla- vica » V , Bucure§ti, 1962, C T p . 224— 226.

450

Co<J>poHiiìi n o cT aB H H a n a jio T o H a HOBa K y jiT y p u a (Jtaaa — nCTaTaH C H a K H H m . B 1 8 0 6 ro flH H a b P y M tH iiH ( B j i a x n a ) t o h O T n en aT B a K H H raT a c h HedejinuK i i j ih KupuanodpoMUOH, k o h t o n o jiy n a iia roJiH M a n o n y jiH p n o c T h GiiBa Hapt'H CH a C o m p o n ile 1 .

I I p c B p a T b 6i> J ira p cK 0T0 y n eG H o a lv i o n p a B ii h t » p b h h t G i>JirapcK H n c f l a - r o r 3 - p I Ì e n > p E e p o H ct>c c b o h Puòen ó y n e a p , oT n en a T a H b 1 8 2 4 roA H H a b B p a m o B . 3 a cb C T a n H n eT o M y , E e p o H , k o h t o c e y xn i h >KHBee a V ' t h roflH H H b B y n y p e m , B p a m o B h K p a i i o B a , H3n o j i 3 y B a n o n p a i ì E K M z a p a Ha H3 B ecT H iin r p iH K H n e f l a r o r J J a p B a p u c o t B y K y p e m ,, K aK To caM n p in m a B a b y B o ^ a H a p a G oT a T a c h , h pyMT>HCKn G y K B a p n ( b u c o a v n e ) , k o h t o c a p a 3 - n p o c T p a H e H ii n o TOBa B p eM e bt>b B jia x itH h T pa iiC H JiB aH H n 2 . B CTaTHHTa c h Dr. Petru Beron fi primul abecedar bulgar 3, e fliiH o t HHOHcpHTO Ha 6 t> jirapo-pyM T > H C K aT a A p y w G a , A . Ì ì o p ^ a H , caM O A o n y c K a TOBa 3anM C T B yB aH e u à B e p o n o t p y w ’bHCKHTe G y K B a p n , a K . B c j i h k h , c jh ’a n oA p oG H O n p o y n B a n e Ha Puóhuh ó y n e a p h C M io cT a B n u e T o M y ci>c C T ap n T e p y M ’hHCKii b u c o a v n e , TO fl0 K a 3 B a KOHKpeTHO4 .

B c b o h G y K B ap BepoH r o p e m o n p e n o p t ^ B a Ha yHHTejiHTO h o b m c t o a 3a o ó y n e H H e — G eJiJ iaH K acT epcK H H , c k o h t o c e 3 a n o 3 H a B a b PyMTbHHH.

rh.pBiiflT yMHTeJi Ha h oboto G’BJirapcKo ytJHJiiime e H oo^ h t P h jick h . I lo upenop ’bKaTa Ha B . E . A npiuioB , k oììto jkiibco b O^eca, 11 no hhhto HHiiHHaTiiBa ce OTKpHBa b 1835 rofl. m>pBaTa S'WirapcKa ruMiiaaiiH b TaGpoBo, H co^iht GiiBa H3npaTeH «b ByK ypem Aa v iin Taivi b ih k o jio -to BjianiKo peAa-Tij Ha AjmjiOAHflaKTHKH.. . h hocjio a a ch BtpHH fla ypeflH HIKOJIO-TO Ha B'bJirapCKHHT'b H3HK"b»5.

« O h h t h i ih t T03H n e fla r o r GiiBa HancTHHa H3npaTeH b pyM ’bHCKaTa CTOJiHHa, b HanajioTO Ha 1834 r o f l . 11 TyK t o h npuroT B H iijih npeBe>Kfla b T en en n e Ha AeBeT M ecen a h h k o h o t o h h h n o c o G iin , Ha m>pBO m jic to rp an a T iiK a T a c h , n sy n aB a iÌK ii h HOBaTa MeTOfla 3a n p e n o ^ a B a H e »6 . A n a f l . I I . KoH CTaH TH H ecKy-ilH i c i m o cb o G m a B a , n e «b B y K y p e m H e o ^ H T n p e - CTOHBa a o b o t M e c e ija , H3yHaBaiÌKH b sa n m oy m h to jih iiìi n e fla rorn ^ ecK H m c to a b eflHO pyM'bHCKo yH H Jiam e»1 . KaKBH to h i io M aTepuaJiH e H 3n oji3yB a ji Heo<fuiT b «pyM ’bHCKaTa CTOJiiiua», 3a a a «noflroTBH » h jih «n p eB eA e» h h k o h o t n ocoG iiH T a , HeoGxoAHM ii Ha h o b o t o G 'bJirapcK o y<iH Jinm e, o m ° n e e

1 K raraTa uà Componili! «M a n a p nponuTa c pcjiHriioaen p y x n o c a o B a n a Ha xpHCTHHHCKnie e 6jiH3Ka ;;o fleHCTBmejiHOCTTa, 3an;0T0 pncyBa KapTHHH 113 ceMeiiHHH, oómecTBeintH 11 rpawflaHCKn 6ht Ha n a p o^ a ... OcBen TOBa, naro m>pBa iie'iaTita KHnra th e aajra iio^thk sa n om a Ha p e« flpyru nenaTHH Kmirn» B * . T . A T A H A C O B , B ’bAzapcKu nu.cam.ejiu — xcueom , meopneemeo , udeu, C oglia , 1920, t . 1, CTp. 48.

2 B®. ONISIFOR GHIBU, Din istoria literaturii didaclice rominepti. Bucoavnele, Bucure§ti, 1926.

3 « Timocul », Bucure§ti, 1943, cartea II— III, cip. 17— 28.4 PoAum a Ha ó ’bAZapcKama e.uuzpa ijun e P y.u ’biiuM aa KyAm ypnom o e t3 p aoicdaue

Ha ChAzapum e npe3 nepuod a 1 8 0 0 — 1840 zod . (II03 nc'iaT).5 r . A T A H A C O B , B 'b A za p cK u nucam eA u — w ueom , meopneemeo, udeu, CTp. 138;

M. A P H A Y ^ O B , C m poum eA u H a 6-bjizapcKomo dyxoeno et>3paM:daHe, C og lia , 1954, CTp. 60.

6 B 'b A za p cK u n u cam eA u ..., CTp. 139.

92* 451

H3BCCTH0, HO CHTypHO C HM3JI nO fl pi>Ka H T aK H B a, nHCaHH Ha pyM 'bHCKIl 03HK2 .

I lp e a HTbpBaTa n oJ ioB iiH a Ha X I X b c k 6M r a p c K i i noeT H -O M H rpaH T H , jk m b c jih f l^ n r o BpeM C b PyMT>HHH, h h k o h f l o p n p o fleH H T y K , y^H JiH b pyivrbH - c k h yHHJiHm ;a, n iir a a T e p H o t h t > p b h t c op iirH H aJiH ii CTHXOTBopeHHH b fvh J ira pcK a T a J M T e p a T y p a . H a n p H M c p /JjiiM . I l o n c K i i , m>pBHHT HOBofrbJi- ra p cK H h o c t , p o fle H b T p H B H a n p e 3 B T op a T a n o J ioB iiH a H a X V I I I B e n , c o n p e c cJ iB a b PyM 'bH H H h c e ycTaH O B H B a b B y K y p e m ;. T y K t o h H a n n c B a o ^ a , nocBCTCH a H a Co<j>poHHÌi b 1 8 6 1 r . O ^ a T a h o c h ,naT a: M a p T 2 5 — B y K y p e m 1 8 1 3 r . T e o p r n I le m a K O B o t B h ^ h h , y r n u i b B y K y p e m ,, a cJ ie fl TOBa ocT aH aJi K aT o t a l m a c i (T bJ iK yB a T eJ i) H a xpHCTHHHCKiiTe x p u c o B y j i i i n p n J ioro(J )eT a3 , n u m e CTHXOTBopeHHH H a 6 i .J ira p cK H h pyMT>HCKH e 3 iiK . H a ii-p a H H O T O M y CTH XO TBopeH H e (1 M apT 1 8 3 7 r . ) e n o c B e T e H o H a I I . B e p o H . ^ b o o t c ra x o T B o p e H H H T a M y Ha pyM 'bHCKIl 03HK BT>3iiHBaT T y ^ o p B jia f lU - M iip e c K y 4 .

^ ,h m h tt> p BeJiH KCH H , p o fle H b 1 8 4 0 r o f l . b B p a iu ia b ó 'b J ir a p c K o n p e - c o j iH H ie c K o ceMeHCTBO o t K a p H o S a T (I Io J iH H O B r p a a ), a a B 'b p n ra ji p yM ’bHCKa THMHa3HH H CiieflBaJI B I la p H J K , HHfflD CTHXOTBOpeHHH Ha 6 i> J irap cK H , (JjpeHCKH h pyM 'bHCKIl e 3H K . T o h e n i p s i i a T OT 6 'bJirapC K H Te n o e T H , k o ì ì t o n a m e c o h c t h . M e n a t u cT u x oT B op eH H H T a c u b'mì b c c t h i i k « H a p o ^ H o c T » , k o ì ì t o H3JiH3 a b B y K y p e m . PyM'bHCKHHT y n e H K . A p ir a e c K y r o CMHTa 3a CflHH OT I ta H -f lo 6 pHTC pyM 'bHCKIl n oeT H OT OHOBa BpeM C5 . J lH T epaT ypH H H T M y nceBflOH HM e B c j i h c o h ( V e l i s s o n ) . B c j i h k c h h e n p e B e ji o t 6T>jirapcK H Ha pyMT>HCKH p eH T a , flT>p>KaHa o t I lB a H K a c a G o B n p n oT K p u B a H eT o Ha ó ’b J ir a p - c k o t o yH H J ia m e b T io p r e B o H a 1 4 . I X . 1 8 6 4 r . P cH T a e 6 iu ia O TH e^aTaH a b B p a n j ia b oT ^ e -im a K H m K K a (1 7 c T p . ) 6 .

1 Studii istorice romino-bulgare, CTp. 3 4 .2 Koraro n p e 3 3 0 - T e roflH H H uà X I X b . M e w A y 6 ' i , ; i r a p c K i iT c k h h jk o b h h u h c e

n o c x a B H B t n p o c a , otk i>a< : a a c e He p in i n 0 -BHC0K 0 o G p a a o n a m i e , o n e p T a B a T ce T p ii Teié- u h h : P a i i n o I I o i i o b h ' i ( 1 7 7 3 — 1 8 5 8 ) , eAHH o t m>pBHTO u o B o 6 ’b.Ti r a p c K i i y q H T e jiu il y i e f i - H H K a p n , y q i u i h b B y K y p e m n p n n p o 'iy T H H y q n T e J i H iinn^op ¿ l y n a , 3 a cT a B a n a q e J io Ha ejiHuo HACKOTO a b h v k o i ih o ; I I e n » p C a n y H O B , w h b b j i h p a 6 o r a a b PyM i>H H fl n p e 3 e n o x a T a Ha n -M p a n tA a n o T o , « i!3 in ,K n a KaTO B J ia x o M a n » , a A n p i i / i o n n c i ;a b o - b h c o k o 0 6 - p a 3 0 B a H iie a a c e 'i c p i n i o t p y cK H T e y r a j iH m a n k h h h c h h h h . « C n o p i T » a a n ^ p it iB a b n o . 'ia a uà A n pH JiO B (Bat. Hpo<j>. f l - p H. xI a f n ,p o B , ^ o n . >K. A T a iia c O B , Ilcmopun Ha 6t/i- tapcKomo o6pa3otiaHue, C o iJ h ih , 1 9 6 0 , C T p . 3 5 ) .

3 Bjk. T. KOHCTAHTHHOB, U,B. MHHKOB, CT. BEJIMKOB, E-bjitapcKu nucamejiu, Buoipatfiuu. BuÓAuoipatpun, C o ^ m h , 1 9 6 1 , CTp. 7 7 .

4 Bjk. EMIL VlRTOSU, Versuri inedite despre 1821, Bucure?ti, 1 9 3 9 . IleniaKOB e niicaji h Apyrn CTiixoTBopemiH Ha pyMLHCKii e3HK (Bjk. pbKonucHTe b óiiCjuiOTeKaTa uà PyM'bucKaTa aKa eMiiH Ha nayKHTe, 3aperncTpupaHH iio a noMep M.S. 1 2 7 0 , 1 2 7 7 , 1 2 7 8 H T.H.).

5 BHt.fl. H. MHH 4EB, Scriitori bulgari in Rominia « Gazeta càrtilor » , Bucure§ti, 1 5 si 3 0 martie, 1 9 3 7 (ViioAHa c T a T iin ) . M i i h t o b abbu h Apyrn CBeAeH iiH 3a Kinini h 3a B e m a - h b h a o 1 8 7 7 r o A . , m i c a m i n a p a jie ;iH O u à ò t . i r a p c K i i h pyM'hiicKii eaHK. (B a. Raporturile spirituale romino-bulgare in secolul al X lX -lea, « Gazeta càrtilor », 1 5 §i 3 0 septem- b r i e , 1 9 3 6 ) .

6 IlaK maM.

452

I le T 'b p ,11,em . llp o T iiM n u m e C T iixoT B opeH H H Ha p y M ’h n c K n , ({jp eH C K n , rpT>n,KH n S ’b J ira p c K H . B 1 8 7 5 r . t o ì ì H3fla B a c C n p K a , 0 3 a r jia B C H a « P o e z i i » , b k o h t o c a n y ó J iiiK y B a H ii n « H 'a h i i t c C T iix o T B o p cH iu i n a p yu rb n cK H C 3 iik : Universitatea, Amicul meu C. A ., Adio la Elepatac h Sarlatanul.

C T iix o T B o p e H iiH T a Ha T e3 ii n o c T i i iiM aT c a M o J iH T ep aT ypH O -H C T op H H ecK o a n a t o m i e . C H3 KJiioxie H n e H a h h k o i i c t h x o t b o p o h i i h y B c j i h k c h h , t c c t o h t Ha T B ^ p ^ e h h c k o xyflo jK ecT B O H O p a B H n m e 1 .

O t B T op a T a n o J io B im a H a X I X b p k 3 0 O c b o S o jk a c h h c t o p c b o j i i o u h o h - h h h t Ayx y 6 ’bJ ira p H T e e m h o t o n o B iim o H . Bi-rirapcKaTa OMHrpai^HH b P y - MTjHiiH, HacTaHeHa r jia i ìH o b roJieMMTe pyMi>HCKn rpaflOBe KaTO ByKypem . Bpaiuia, T a j i a i i , Iljioem , KpaiioBa n flpyrn, p a s B iiu a yciuiena peBomoi^Honna fleiiHOCT, n o A ro T B a iÌK ii n 'Lop'b>K eno BtoTamie 3a OTCTpaHHBane Ha M iio r o - BCKOBHOTO IirO.

C p e f l T a3 ii e M iir p a m if l b PyMT>HHH c e H a M iip aT h H a ii-B H A H iiT e n p o A - CTaBHTejiH H a 6 i»J ira p cH a T a J iH T ep a T y p a o t OHa3 ii e n o x a : T . C . P aK O B C K ii, J I io ó e H K a p a B e J io B , X p n c T o B o t c b , f l ,o 6 p n B o h h h k o b , B a c n j i ^ p y iu e B , M tìaH B a s o B n A P - rh>pBH Te T piiM a c a 11 e A n ii o t H a ii-iis rb K H a T H T e p 'b K O B o - A H T ejiii H a p e B 0JiH)n,ii0HH0T0 flBHJKeHHe.

r. C . PaKOBCKH e JKIIBHJI B P y M ’bHMH MCJKfly TOAHHMTe 1 8 4 1 — 1 8 4 2 , 1 8 5 4 — 1 8 5 6 il o t 1 8 6 4 a o 1 8 6 9 . T o i i y w i i p a b B y K y p e m -

B c m n im a T a H a M y H T eH iiH , n o k p a i p e B 0JH0n,H0HHaTa c h a c h h o c t , P aK O B C K ii p a 3BHBa h 6 o r a T a K y jiT y p n a a ^ h h o c t . T o i i c K o p o BJinaa iìTiB B p ij3K a c n p eA C T aB iiT ejiH T e H a pyMT>HCKiiii K y jiT y p e H n i i o j i h t i i i c c k h j k h b o t . T y K n n m e i ic T o p i iH e c K ii , ( { » h .t o c o ^ c k h , e r a o r p a ^ c K H n j in T e p a T y p m i T p y A O B e. PaK O B CK ii o cT a B a ii3B ecT 0H n p e A im i io c p c B 0Jii0 ii,H0HHaTa c h ii n y fìjiH ijiicT H H H a a c h h o c t , a b o fi j ia c T T a Ha j i i iT e p a T y p a T a c 6 p o m y p a T a IlpedeecmHUK zopcnozo mmnuKa ( 1 8 5 6 ) , n 'bpB iiH T M y n e n a T a n J iH T ep a - T y p e H T p y A , h n o e \ ia T a ropcnti mmnuK, n 3 A a A c n a b H o b m C a A , 1 8 5 6 — 1 8 5 7 r o A H H a .

B B y K y p e m , PaK O B CK ii n sA a B a T pyA O B e c M eM oa p eH l i n c T o p n K o - .M e M o a p e H x a p a K T e p : E-bJizapcKU eepoiunoeeden tronpoc.. . ( 1 8 6 4 ) , B'bAzapc- Kiime xaudymu ( 1 8 6 7 ) , Omeoeop evaderne ah poMhnoe AjieKcandpa MoanaA . KbM ee3upn na Tlopmama ( 1 8 6 5 ) it A P • H 3 A a B a HayHHOTO c n n c a H u e «B T ,J ira p cK a C T apH H a» ( 1 8 6 5 ) , a 3a e A H o c B . I I . X a a < A e y — b c c t h h k «B tA y m H O C T b » ( « V i i t o r u l » 1 8 6 4 ) , p eA a K T iip a H eAH O BpeM eH H o H a 6T>JirapcKii n p y M ’bHCKii e 3 i iK , i ia co H e H c p e m y H o p 6 ajK A nnTC il rp% u,K aTa n a T p u a p u iH H . l l 3A aB a b B y K y p e m h b - « B p a H iiT e J i» ( 1 8 6 4 ) .

J I io 6 eH K a p a B e J io B i i X p n c T o B o T e B c a a » c o t H aH -H 3 T 'bK iiaT iiT e r y p n b fh . / i r a p c K a T a i i c T o p n a n J im e p a T y p a o t e n o x a T a H a B 'b a p a v K A a ir cT o . T e , 3aeAH O c P aK O B C K ii n B a c iu i J I c b c k h , c a 6 h jih A y m a T a H a 6 'bJ irap cK O T o peBOJIIOAHOHHO ABIIHÌCHIIC B PyM 'bH H H .

J I . K a p a B e j io B n u iB e e b B y K y p e m 6 j i h 3o a ^ b c t r o A i in n ( 1 8 6 9 — 1 8 7 7 ) . T y K n 3 A a B a B e c T in in iiT e «C B o 6 o A a » n «H e3 a B iiC H M 0 C T », a c / l i i i o n c n i i c a im e T o

1 B>k. E. I1EHEB, Hcmopun h o noeama 6-b.izapcKa jiumepamypa, Co$mh, t . I l i , 1936, CTp. 947 , 932. M. T P 03E B (M. KPEM EH ), BejiuKcuH rtamo noem, «MsBecTifH n a c e M iin a p a n o c.iaB H H C K a ^ n . i o . i o n i H » , 1905, k h . 1 , CTp. 303— 340.

453

« B í i a m i e » . B t h x K a p a B e j io B n y S jiH K y B a CBOHTe C T iix o T B o p e H iif l , p a 3 - K aa ii ii n o B c c T i i . C T iix oT B op eH H H T a M y HMaT C o r a T a 11 p a 3 H o o 6 p a 3 i ia T e n a - T H K a. T e c a n o M o r iia J ii i s a n p o n a r a H fl i ip a H e H a peBOJUOHHOHHiiTO ii f lo n n n p o 6 y>K flaH c H a n a H H oiia jiH O T o c'i>3HaHH0 y S ^ J ir a p iiT e . B c p a B H e H n e c B o T e - b h t o C T iix o T B o p e H im Te c t o h t M H oro h o - h h c k o o t r a e flH a TOHKa H a x y f l o - jKCCTBCiiaTa (J iopw a h c 'b fl 'h p jK a iiH e , h o 3 a CB0 eT0 B p eM e c a H M a.n i tojihm o B'bSnHTaTOJIHO 3 H a q e H H 0 .

T a jia H T T iT H a f la p o B H T n n c a T e j i K a p a B e jiO B p a 3 rp T > iu ;a b n o B e c T H T e 11 p a 3 K a 3 H T e c h . B t h x p n c y i ¡ a B a jK H ii C T p a n it o t H iiiB O T a H a G ^ J ir a p c K iiH H apofl. E flH H OT T e 3 H n p O H 3 B e ^ e H H H c a HHCaHII B P y C H H (Ha pyCKII 63HK), f l p y n i b C i.p 6 H H ( n a C T >p6 cK H 0 3 h k ) , h o H a ü - r o J iH M a T a n a c T o t t h x , K aK TO

h o t C T H X O T B o p e H H H T a , K a p a B e J io B n n in e b P y M 'b H H H H a S 'b . 'ir a p c K it e 3 H K .

E t o h h í í o i i o t n o B C C T H T e h p a 3 K a 3 H T e , H H c a H ii T y n : Xadwcu Huno (1870), TypcKu ñama (1871) Boüeoda (1871), Ezjizapu om cmapo epe.we (1872)1, H a nyyicdu epod 6e3 m m u ruiauam (1872), Heda (1872), Eozamunm cupo- Max (1872), Xadwcu J],uMurm>p fleenoe (1872), Momuho demenne (1875), lije jiu um ce n p n e (1876) JJeifama He npiuiimam na podumeMime cu (1876) h f l p y r n .

B HHKOII OT TC3H pa3Ka3II II nOBCCTII, KaKTO II B nyGjIIlHIICTIlKaTa CH, KapaBCJioB e flaji n a p r a r a ot o6m;ecTBeHHH h hojiiitiihcckii jkiibot b P y - M'bHIIH np03 X I X BeK2.

3 a c e r a n e 3 H a e M j ja j iH H H K o e o t K ap aB C JioB H T e n p o H 3 B e3 eH iiH e G iijio npcBOAOHO Ha B peM eTO c h n a pyivn>HCKH 0 3 h k . I I o c i o k o t i i Te c a n p e flC T a B J in - B a J III IIH T C p e C I I 3 a p y M S H C K H H ’ IH T O T a jI , TS.H KaTO B THX I ia M Iip a OTpa>KCHHU p o 6 c K H H v k i ib o t H a S ^ J ir a p c K i iH n a p o f l h 6 o p 6 a T a M y 3 a C B o S o fla , a cb ib io T a n a H a M iip a M c ii b o j i i i k o j i c h h i i G i i t o b h K a p T H H ii, ocoG eH O b n o B e cT T a E o .%- zapu om cmapo epeMe.

H a ii-C B eT J ia T a $ n r y p a b iicT o p iiH T a n J iiiT e p a T y p a T a H a C ta r a p c K iiH H apofl o t e n o x a T a n a B'LapaHvT.aHeTO e X p n cT O B o t c b , «BeJiiiK H a n iio n a jie n r é p o ii , peBOJironiiOHep n n o e T . . . n o cJ ie flo B a T ejieH f le w o K p a T -p e n y g j iH K a - Heu;, yC eflen nenpH M npHM B p a r Ha h o j i i i t i ih o c k o t o h f l y x 0 BH0 M p a n o 6 e c n e , H a 3JI0 BpCAIIHH IHOBI1HH3T.M, CTpaCTOH H o 6 opH H K 3 a BOHHa flp y /K Ó a C BeJIHKHH pyc-KH n a p o fl , sa ct>h)3 M OKfly io h íh iitc CJiaBHHii n 6 paT ci< o cbTpyflmiHecTBO m w k a y C ajiK aH C K H T e n b c h h k h A P y n i c b o 6 o a o ji io 6 u b ii H a p o ^ H » 3 .

IIpo3 noeMBpii 1867 ro a . XpncTO B otcb Tpi>rBa BTopn nT>T 3a PyciiH , 3a Aa npoflT>JiH?n sanoraaTOTo TaM 06pa30BaHiie. H o b Bpanjia toh npeK’BCBa Hí>TyBaneTo, cin>p3Ba naiBOTa ch c MHoro6poñHaTa ó'wirapcKa cMiirpaniiH b PyMiiHiiH ii ocTaBa TyK Mecen Man 1876 ro# ., KoraTo KaTo noiiBOfla Ha *ieTa ot 200 aynni npeMHHaBa c aBCTpmicKii napaxofl peKa J3,yHaB, 3a Aa yMpe KaTo repon b ooii c bokobhiih Bpar, eflBa 28 rofliim en.

1 H 0 C Jie ;(in iT 0 «B e npoii3Be/ieHiiH ca 011:111 n a im ca m i irbpBOHa»iajiHO n a pycK ii e.'íiiK ii iic'iaTaint b M ocK Ba, a c a e # TOBa KapaBejiOB n i npci¡e>i;^a n a C tjirapcK ii b B yK ypem n n i oTiionaTiia b «CBoCofla».

2 3 a n o B o q e no/(poC nocT ii b j k . CTaniHTa n a ZL. IUFFU, Oglindirea realitátilor rominefti in opera lui L. Karavelov, b « Analele Universitá{¡i » Bucuresti, 1961, vol. 23 CTp. 507— 516.

3 T eop r ii f l i iM iitp o B , «PaóoTH iiqecKo ¿je jio», 6 p . 1 2 0 o t 3 H )H n, 1 9 4 6 r o « .

454

I I p e 3 fleB eT T e ro flH H H , n p e K a p a H H b PyivrbH H fl, B o tc b pa3BiiBa 6 o r a T a pcBOJiH)i|HOHHa, uyCjiHiiHCTHM Ha ii jn iT e p a T y p H a f l e i ì i i o c T . I I p i i H a è -T ea tK H M a T cp iia /iH H y c J io B im t o h iis ^ a B a caM h j ih c b T p y flH iin n n p i i H sflaB aH eTO Ha h h k o jik o B e cT H iiK a : «TT>naH», ( ( B y K y p e in , , 1 8 6 9 ) , « ^ y M a u à 6 T >jirap cK aT a o M u r p a m in » , ( E p a n j i a , 1 8 7 1 ) , «B yflH JiH H K » (B y K y p e in ; , 1 8 7 3 ) , «3naM e», (B y K y p o in , , 1 8 7 4 — 1 8 7 5 ) n f l p . , a c i> m o TaK a e 6jih3'i>k c 'h T p y flH iiK h u à K a p a B e jiO B . B T e3ii b cc th h ijh B o t c b n y 6 j in n y B a npcKpacHHTc ch c t h x o - T B op eH iiH . B th x H a M iip aM e h x y flo> K ecT B eH a T a M y n p o 3 a , C T aT iiiiT o h f l o n n c - KiiTC M y . U ,h jioto TO Ba T B opn ecT B O c iiJ io fl Ha 6c3KpaiÌHaTa M y jiioGob k lm p o flH H a T a h n o p o 6 cHHH H a p o f l h Ha 0 M p a 3 a T a M y kt>m n o T iic H iin iiT e T y p n ,H , H opC afl>K iiii l i {J )a n a p n o T ii .

KaTO peB O JiroiiH O H O H flC M O K p a T h c o n i ia J iu c T y T o n i ic T B o t c b h c e M o n > Ji

f la H e K a w e f ly M a T a ch n f la ne b.'icmo o T H o u ie H iie n o pcfliina B tn pocH , C B iip s a iiH c n o J iH T iiq e c K H H /K h bot b P y M 'h H H H . T a n a H a u p i iM e p , K o r a T o

pyMiiHCKOTO np aB H T eJ icT B o b 1 8 7 5 r o f l . u p o B e n t f la H3 6 o p H il H3 H0Ji3y B a B c iiH K ii 3 a K O H H ii i i n e 3 a K O H H H e p e flC T B a , 3a f la n i c n e n e J i i i , B o t c b c BT>3M y-

mt'Hiic n n in e : «M H a i i c T i i n a , b k oh flT>p>KaBa ch jih h tc H e flT>p/K aT C J ia 6 iiT e b pT .fleT e c h , S o r a T iiT e — S e f lH iiT e , a y n p a B H T e J iH ie bch h k h h H a p o f l? I I p o M i i - H eT e bchm kh M e p H flH a m i n y c n o p e f lH H K p ^ r o B C h b ik k tc m e Mo>Ke jih f la

H a M e p iiT e H S K J iio H e in ie i i 3 TO Ba o 6 m o i i p a B i u i o , a h ho tìeKa ynantcM mhmo- XOflOM H a e flH H (})8 K T , KOÌÌTO flHCC Iip O H 3 X O /K fla lip O fl OHHTO B H 11 H a k o ì ì t o

a B T O p iT e flHCHIHOTO p y M M C K O n p a B H T C J IC T B O ...K a K B O n p a B i i f lH e c p y.vn .H C K O TO n p a B H T C JIC T B O b c b o h t c n a p jia M e H T a p m i

H 3 6 o p n ? 3 a 3 a o c T a H e 11 3a n a n p e f l H a iu iu iT a u à H a p o f la , 11 3 a # a MOH<e fla B 3eM e o t H e r o b c iu ik o h f la M y h c f la B a K a T o -p e n u m i m o , t o y n o T p e C n B a

T a K iiB a r p o 3 H i i H a c iiJ i i iH n p o T H B H e ro B O T O npaBO h b o j i h , m 0 T 0 n e m o>kcm fla>Ke h f la n o M H C JiH M , n e ó y K B a T a H a t c x h i i t c 6 y p / K 0 a 3 H 0 K O H C T i iT y n H O H H ii

3 a K O H ii H M a K a K i B - r o f l e c m h c b ji 3a c iu iH i iT e 11 6 o r a T iiT C « o t M iip a c e r o » . H H ancT H H a c 'b r jia c H O j ih e f lH e m H 0T 0 n o B e f le im e H a p y M i.iic K O T O n p a B H T C J i -

C TB O H e C q O B C If l lIH a T a II CT>C 3 flp a B lIH p a 3 y M , H O C K O H C T H T y n iIO H H H f l 3 a K O H ? K o i ì H Jie H h j i h n a p a r p a ^ o t t o h 3 3 K o h f la B a n p a s o H a n ])a B H T C J iC T B 0 T 0

fla 6 n e c p i> fle Te H a « n o M a r a m i iT e » h nojum eiicK H 6anflH b c c k h t o , k o ì ì t o 6n l’J ia c o n o f la B a J i n p o T H B H e ro B O T O » c e jia H iic h k o ì ì t o 6 h n o n c K a j i f la C t f le

C B o fio flC H 6 a p e M b c i iM n a T i n i T e c u kt>m H 3 B e c T H H C B o 6 o flo Jiio 6 i iB i i j i h h h o -

c t h ? H o M a n i T e 11 6 a ìio H C T i iT e n o K a 3 a x a , n e 3aKOHT>T e H a n e n a T a H c a M o 3a

p o C i i T e . . . » * .f l o OCBo6 o>KflCHIieTO H a B l.J ir a p ilH AUTO CflHO OT B oTeBH TC CTHXOTBOpe-

HiiH h o e 6 h j i o n p eB e fleH O H a pyM 'bH CKii e3H K . E flB a b 1 9 3 7 r , ^ . H . M h h h c b n p c B e a < fla h o h t i i b c i ih k h C T tix oT B op eH iiH b 6 eJin c t h x o b c 2 .

B P yM 'bH iiH n in n e lia c T o t CTHXOTBopeHHHTa c h roJieM iiH h H a ì ì - n p o - fly K T iiB e n 6i .J ir a p c K ii n o e T 11 n n ca T e J i M BaH B a 3 0 B , k o ì ì t o >niiB ce T yK Me>Kfly ro flH H H ie 1 8 7 0 — 1 8 7 2 11 1 8 7 6 — 1 8 7 7 . 3 a c T i ix o T B o p e m iH T a , BJie3Jin b c C n p -

1 B>k. XPHCTO BOTEB. J Ì3 Ó p a H u c -b n u n e n u n , nofl peflamuiHTa uà Mhx. ^hmh- T p o B , Coifma, 1 9 4 8 , cTp . 2 5 9 — 2 6 0 (CiaTHHTa e iiyS jiH K y n a u a bt>b b . « 3 n a M e » , ByKypein, 1 M a i i 1 8 7 5 roflima n o f l 3ar;iaBiie: Ca.vo p a a y M H u n m . u ó p a m c n u c t w 3 M en cd y n a p o d u m e e e c -b cm oH H u e da y n u u {O M u m e z j i u j ia m a .

2 Dreptate fi libertate. Versuri de Hristo Botev, in romìne§te de D. N . Mincev, cuo prefafà de Ion Ionescu-CSpS^ina, Bucuresti 1937 (60 C T p .)

455

K aTa M y T ha um e n a E w e a p u n , O T iiC T aT ana b B y K y p e m ( 1 8 7 6 ) , caM B a 3 0 B n o flM ep T a B a : « B c h h k h c r a x o T B o p e m iH o t t 3 3 h c 6 n p n a c a n n c a H it b ByKypem, b K B a p T iip a T a m h H a «Intrarea R o s e t t i » n o / j B iieqaTJieH ireTO o t rpo3 H H T e h o b h h h , n p H C T iir a m n o t B i.J ir a p H fl n o f l a p n o T y m a B a H e T o n a bt>c- T a n n o T o i l n p i i oòoflp iiTC JiH H T C C J iy x oB e 3 a H0ii36eH<H0CTTa H a p y c K o - T y p - CKaTa B o iiH a » 1 . Ch>m o h 3 a m >pB aT a c h c 6 n p K a C T iixoT B op eH H H J I p a n o p e u u e y c j i a , H 3 fla fle n a b c c b 1 8 7 6 r o f l b B y K y p e m , K a 3 B a : «IIoB eH eT O o t c t h x o -T B opeH H H T a, BJIC3JIH B TaH MH C Ò H pK a , C a HIICaHH OHJ,e B COH OT---- OCTaHaJIHTCb ByKypem,»2.

K a T o B o t c b h K a p a B e j i o B , 11 H b b h B a 3 0 B o T p a s H B a b t b o p h c c t b o t o CH K a p T H H H OT H îH B O T a I I H p iip O fla T a H a P y M t H H H . B CT IIX O T B O peH H eTO

E M a a p u m m e E y n y p e iq t o h o n n c n a c i r t s T o p r C T O J ra ija T a H a P y M b i n u i , k o h t o 3 a H e r o e TO JiK O B a x y ô a B h H H T e p e c e H r p a f l , n e n H J ia K H i ir a h o 6 j i

M y c T i i r n a j i a , a n o 3 a n o * iH e ^ a o n n c B a K p a c o T iiT e h . B 'b 3 X H in ,eH H e o t K p a c o -

T a T a H a p y M 'b H C K a 'ra n p u p o / j a H a M H p a M e b CT IIX O T B O peH H eTO Pa3xodna do E a H H ca , a b n o B e c T T a H eM U jiu -n ed p a zu B a 3 0 B p i i c y B a c t o jih m o x y f l o - JKeCTBeHO M aU CTO pCTBO /K IIB O T a H a 6 ’B J ira p C K H T C XliILTOIìe B PyM TiH M JI I ip e f lH O cB O Ò O JK fleH H eT O .

ÛKasajia m i e u m im a ie pyMtHCKaTa JiiiTepaTypa B i> p x y MJiafliiH to k j - mo (jtopMiipam ce KaTO noeT B a 3 0 B ? B pa3roBop c H b . IIIiimMaHOB 3a BpeMeTo, iipeKapano b OjiTeHima npe3 1 8 7 0 ro^;., Ba30B Ka3Ba: « B OjiTeHiin,a HHM ax Hii C u ir a p c K H , hh pycKir khhth h tjctìix caMo pyMtHCKii aBTopn. lihho mh 6eme mh B 3o;i y hi ito ji no p y M 'b iic K ii , hhkoìì cii K p e n y j i e c n y , k oh to Bi/rpc b 2 — 3 M e c e ija M e 3ano3iia c TaiÌHHTe Ha cboh e3iiK. B TOBa BpeMe n or- jn > m a x raaBHO AjieKcaHflpii, B o jiiiH T iiH iiH y h flp . IIomhh om,e o t B ojih h th - HHHy o/i,iio c T iix o T B o p e H iie « B â t r î n u l » ( « C ï a p e i ^ T » ) , KoeTO c e 3 axBam,auie c flyMHTe:» «A m ara e via^a c î n d » («ropm iB e >kiibott>t K ora io») h n p . PyMT>H- cKHTe n oera mh flafloxa n o-n ocjie pa3Mepa 3a MHoro moh craxoTBopeHHH, ho no ciojKeT pyMT>HCKaTa noe3HH mh ocTaHa Hyæfla»3.

3 a n o 3 H a J i c e o 6 a * ie c pyM T>H CK aTa J iH T e p a T y p a b o p n r H H a ji b m o m c h t , K o r a T o c e ÿ o p M iip a K a T o n o e T , B a 3 0 B H e M O !«e ,n,a H e n p e r b p n n H 3 B e c r a o

B J IIlH lIH e H B C K )/K eT H 0 O T H O m e H Iie . H h K O H II3 C J ie f lB a H IIf l BT>|)Xy B a 3 0 B H

T B o pÔ H O T n p e ffH 0 c B 0 6 0 H S fle H iie T 0 H 0 K a 3 B a T , n e t o h H a iic T H H a e n p e r b p - n a j i B J iiiH H H e n e c a M o n o O T H O m eH Iie H a M OTpiiK aTa h n p n n p efla B a H eT O Ha H H KO H n p n p o flH H K a p T H H H 4 , h o h b o f i j i a c r r a H a T e M a T H K a T a 5 .

I I p e 3 6 0 -T e h 7 0 -T e r o f lu n n Ha X I X BeK H a pyM i>HCKa T cp H T op ttu c e 3apa3K.ua h p a 3 B iiB a f ì 'M r a p c K iiH T H aijH O H ajieH T e a r b p h 6T>JirapcK aTa f l p a - MaTypriiH. H a n e H K ii Ha T e a T p a J in a ^ c h h o c t H a M iip aM e n p e 3 T 0 3 ii n e p u o f l

1 npoij). HB. niHIUMAHOB, Mean Ba3oe. CnoMenu u doKyMenmu, Coijiim, 1931, cTp. 191.

2 n po$. Hb. HIHUIMAHOB, num. w . , CTp. 1 8 7 .3 Ilan maM, CTp. 33— 34.4 lîæ . P. CHRISTOPHOROV, Ivan Vazov, La formation d'un écrivain bulgare

(1850—1921), Paris, 1938, r.iana II , hjih ot cmuih aBTop b>k . TeopnecKomo paaeumue Ha Hean Baaoe, Co$hh, 1941, rji. II.

6 VELICIKO VÀLCEV, Ivan Vazov in Romînia, « Roinanoslavica », V I, 1962, CTp. 133— 147.

456

ii b E 't J i i a p H H , h o n o p a i n p e f l n p i r a i m i i i c t h h c k o f lp a M a r a H H O i i3 K y c T B o T y k H a M O H ie f la c e p a 3 B H e . I Ip e flC T a B H T c o caMO f l a a j i o 3 H h j i h n p eB O A H H A p a M ii o t ; i i o 6 i i T e J i H , n p n H a fi-n p iiM H T iiB H H c u c H i i 'm i i y c J io B H H , a JKeHCKHTe p o J iH , n o p a i n M a H x a jiH T e T a H a x o p a T a n p e 3 T y p c K 0 T 0 p o 6 c t b o , c e u r p a H TOT M'b/KC.

O c h o b o h o j i o /K h h k H a ß 'bJ ira p cK iiH H a H iioH ajieH T e a r b p h ß p a M a T y p r im e J ] ,o 6 p ii B o h h h k o b , p o fle H b IIIyM eH n p e 3 1 8 3 3 r o ß . h 3aBT.pniH .Ji (frpeH CKiia j i i m e ö b I J a p H r p a p , . O in,e K a r a yn iiT eJ i b IIIyM eH B o h h h k o b p a3B H B a u m p o K a n p o c B e T H a fle Ü H o cT : o p r a H ii3 H p a o p K e c r t p , i i3 i ia c f l f la a ji0 3 H . T o B a R p a sH ir H op 6 a fljK H H T e , k o h t o cM H TaT, n e t o h p a a B p a n ja B a flen ,aT a hm h r o i i 3 r o n - BaT o t r p a ^ a . B 1 8 6 4 r o f l . B o h h h k o b n / p a b P y M ’b in ia h c e y cT a H O B a ß a 3 a n o - f l M r o B peM e b B p a i iJ ia , k 'i .a c t o H a M iip a b c h h k h y c jio B H H 3 a p a s tu iT n e H a ß o r a i a T ea T p a jiH a a c h h o c t . T y K T o ii n p e flC T a B a n p on H T H c / v b j i ö o k h H a ijH O - HaJiHH T e H fle m p r u c b o h n n e c H , HMa HCTiiHCKa c i ie H a , n y ß jiH K ä c <|)opMu- p a H B en e B i< yc kt>m T e a r b p a , a Me>Kfly 6 'bJ irap cK H T e b B p a i i J ia n a M iip a h apTHCTKH 3 a JKeHCKHTe PO JIH .

H e m o n o B e n e . C jie f l H e y c n e x a Ha peBOJUOBHfl'ra o t 1 8 4 8 r o « . p e B o jn o - Il,HOHHHHT ;i,y x H a B apO flH H Te M a c il B PyMTjHHH p a C T e . PyMT»HCKHHT I ia n i lo - H aJieH TeaTT>p HM a a a /ja n a He caM O # a npeflC T aB H im e c H Ha pyM 'bHCKii e s u k , HO H H p e3 OpHrHHaJIHH apaM aTH H H lI TBOpÖH fla O Tpa3H B a COItliaflH IlTe OTHO- n ieH iiH b P y M M H H o t 0 H a 3 ii e n o x a . I lo B e jK A a c e 6 o p 6 a 3 a H a rp a jK fla n e n a peajiH CTH H eH pyM 'bH CKii T e a i 'b ]) (M a T e ö M h j i o ) . T o i i c e n p e B p i m a b y n n . in m e 3 a rpa>K fl,aH CKo B 'b3H H TaH iie. T o h h o b TOBa B peM e J J o ß p n B o h h h k o b c'b ;i;j,ana c b o h T e a ip a jiH a x p y n a b E p a n j i a b 1 8 6 6 r o f l . « I Ip H Te3H y cJ iO B iia H e M O /K em e pyM ^HCKHHT T e a T ^ p fla H e CTaHe n p H M e p , o ß p a 3 e u , b pasBiiTHOTO 11a Ö M r a p - c k o t o T e a T p a jiH o 3 e .n o » 1 . H . ß p a r o B a ii3TT»KBa c jie f lH 0T0 3a b j i h h h h c t o Ha pyMTbHCKHH TeaTi>p H 'bp x y pa3B H T H eT o H a o u ir a p c K H H i ia n n o H a jie i i T e a T t p : « I l o f l H e r0 B 0 BJiiiH H iie b c% 3H aH H eT0 Ha B o h h h k o b c e y T B 'b p w fla B a T : 1 ) Y ß e v K -

AeH H eTO , n e T eaT i.p 'bT T p a ß ß a ^ a c T a n e yH H jram ,e n a Hau,HHTa. 2 ) I l f le a T a 3a h c t h h c k h HaH H OH ajieH TeaTT>p Mo>Ke fla c e H 3 rp a flH caM O BT>pxy H a n n o H a jie H p e n e p T o a p . 3 ) I l f le a T a o p r a H H 3 iip a T e a T p a jiH o f lp y n t e c T B o KaTO n o f l x o - fla in ,a op ra H H 3 a n ,n oH H a $ o p M a H a J iroß iiT e jicK a T e a T p a jm a T p y n a 11 KaTO $ o p M a 3a n o flroT O B K a n a a K T b o p c K ii K a ^ p n . 4 ) M u c b J iT a , n e 3a B H eflp aB a n eT O Ha T e a r b p a b jKHBOTa Ha e fliiH H a p o g e H e o ß x o fli iM a noM ora,T a H a n e p n o - A iiH H o H 3flaH H e, b K o e T o ^ a c e n p o n a r a H ^ i ip a o n iiT a Ha MJiaflOTO T e a T p a jiH o f l e j i o , ß a c e oT p a 3 H B a T y c n e x i iT e M y , f la c e ci>3 flaB a 0ßin ,ecT B 0H 0 M neH iie 11 ß a c e B T isniiT aB a T e a T p a jie H B K y c » 2 .

B r y M i H i i a B o h h h k o b i i a m i c B a h o r a e n a T B a B cn qK H T e c h ß p a M H 3 , KOHTO H M 3T H3KJIIOHHTeJIHO HCTOpHHeCKII CIOH iCTIl, KOMCflHHTe4 H HHKOII OT H a yH H H T e c h T p y f lO B e 5 .

1 H A ^E H tflA A P A rO B A , OcnoeonoAOMHuK na ö'bAzapcKun meamtp, cn. «TeaTT>p», 1 9 5 2 , k h . 1 1 , C T p . 4 8 .

2 IIan maM, C T p . 4 9 .3 Cmoim Boüeoda ( 1 8 6 6 ) , PaÜHa k h x s u h h ( 1 8 6 6 ) , IIonpTiineHue n a 11 pecjiaecKU

deop ( 1 8 6 8 ) , Bejiucjiaea ( 1 8 7 0 ) , B t 3napxeaHemo na KpyM CmpauiHu ( 1 8 7 1 ) .4 K p u e o p 0.36p ana m ieu A U 3 a iiu H ( 1 8 7 1 ) , l lo e e p o n e Ü H e a H e na mypnuna ( 1 8 7 6 ) .6 Kpamna ö h - i z a p c K a zpaMamuna ( 1 8 6 4 ) , Y h u a u u ^h o meampo u j iu K O M im ecitu

n p e d c m a e A e n u s i ( 1 8 6 4 ) h s p .

457

K a T o i l f i l i l i c T a n b n c T o p iiH T a n a r a p c K a T a f l p a M a T y p r i i a , n n e c H T e

u à /], . B o ì ì h h k o b H e c a H am >JiH O c n o jiy H J iH B H . T e i iM a T c e p u o 3 H H H e ^ o c T a -

TT>U,H, HO H M aT H p e f l nO JIO H tH TeJIH H H CpTH . H e Ce 3 H a e flajIH HH KO H OT TH X e

f r u í a n p o B C flC H a H a pyM TbHCKH c 3 h k . C a M O s a flp a M a T H H H H H e in i3 0 f l , H a n u c a i i OT B o ì ì h h k o b bt>b Bpo>3Ka c y ó n ììc T B O T O H a G ^ J ir a p ir a a H . B o h b o ^ o b h CT>p-

6 iiH a L^BeTKO H a a B C T p H H C K H H n a p a x o ji; « r e p M a H iiH » n o H a p e n if la n e T O H a M iif lx a /i; n a i u a , A H r e J ia K H C a B i i q c t o ó m a B a , n e 6 h j i n p e B e J i H a p y M M C K H

e 3 H K OT B e jiH K C H H , a n n e c a T a 6 iu ia nrpaHa o t H o p r y K a p a / j; ia > K e h H e r o - a a T a /K eH a1 .

3 a BJIHHHHOTO Ha pyM'bHCKlITC TOaTpaJIHll HHCCH B l X y flpaM U T e Ha B o ì i - HiiKOB c a H3 K a 3a j in MneHHH b P y M iH H H B ajieH T H H K e J ia p y 2 h A j i . H o p f la H 3 , CT>n0CTaBHÌÌKH M pe3 H3H e p n a T e ;ie H a H ajiH 3 B o ììm iK O B a T a k o m o ^ h h K p u e o - p a 3 6 p a n a i[U6UAU3ai{UH c h h k o h o t c i iin e cT B y B a m H T e n o OHOBa B peM e p yM tH C K H KOMe^HH ii cn eijH aJiH O c K O M efln iiT c Ha B . À jie K c a H flp H ( C h ir ig a in I a § i , P i a t r a d i n c a s a , I o r g u d e la S a d a g u r a ) .

B . K e J ia p y n u m e : «fio TOMa KOM efliiHTa Ha B oììhhkob c e f l o 6 jiH>KaBa b o 6 m u JI11HHH 30 0H63I1 H a M o.T H C p , 1'JiaBIIIlTC HCpTlI H a repOIITO H3rJie>Kfla f la c a c t m i i T e . B c e naK e f l im no/ipoGen p a 3 6 o p H a T eK C Ta, k oììto ,n,a y c T a - hobh x a p a K T e p H T e Ha r e p o H T e , iiHTpuraTa, TCXHHKaTa Ha kom hhhoto h t . h . , m e Hit n oK a > K e , n e ^ o 6 p H B oììhhkob e H3no.H3 yB aJi b KOMe/jHHTa c h i if le iiT e H a B en e ocH O B a m iH p y M ’bHCKH T ea rc> p , k oììto Ha cboh p e # e no# B jniH H H e H a <J>poHeKHH p e n e p T o a p » 4 . A . H o p f la H K a 3 B a , n e ¿I,. B oììhhkob H e n p e p a 6 oT B a r m e c iiT e n a B . A jie K c a H ^ p H , ho ch u s G iip a o t BCHKa n n e c a r e p o n , k oh to r o in iT e p e c y B a T , 3a f la n o f t i i r p a e m on ito o t OHOBa BpeMe, 3anaflH0T0 ynajjM H o bjihhhho . 3 a KOMeflHHTa K p m o p a a ó p a i i a u m iiA u sa ifu .H K e J ia p y c b o S m a B a , n e e (ÌHJia n p e B e ^ e H a H a p y M tH C K ii i m e n i m i e 3 iiK 8 .

O t n e p u o f la n p e ^ n O c B o 6 o>KfleHH eTo c a h h o c T a H a jn i h K H tin iT e Ha A H reJiaK H C aB H H , ó t r i r a p c K H eM H rpaH T b P y M 'b H im . C B e ^ e n iiH 3 a H e r o n a M n - p a M e b K H n raT a M y I n s u r g e n t i i b u lg a r i d e la 1 8 6 8 s u b c o m a n d a l u i H a g i D i m i t r u § i S t e fa n C a r a g e a . D e d i c a i m e m o r i c i r à p o s a t u l u i G . R a c o v s k i , B r à i la , 1 8 7 1 ( 1 8 9 C T p . ) . S a B 'b p iin iJ i e j n m e a « S f . S a v a » b B y K y p e m , a c j i e f l TOBa 2 5 r o fli iH ii p a 6 oTH K aT o n p cB O jjaH b a H ra in ìcK O T O KOH cyjiCTBO b r a j ia n ; h B p a iu ia H b aB C T pu ììcK O T o b B p a n j i a . n i i c a j i e cT a T in i B "b pxy S ^ r a p c r a BT >npocn b p y M ’BHCKH II $peH C K H BeCTHHIJH.

ropen ocoaeH a T a Kinira HMa miicto n c T o p i i 'i e c K o c b ^ t p /K a H iie — h c th h - h c c k o to flBHJKeHiie, jjeìiHOCTTa Ha P a K O B c m i, r0CT0npneMCTB0T0 Ha pyMT>H- cKaTa 3eM H h t . h .

A . C aB iiH e a B T o p 11 Ha K H iira T a M a s c a j o s 6 . T h npeflC T aB JiH B a o c T p o p a 3o 6 jiHHeHHe n a H o p óa ^ H iiin cT B O T o K a T o K J ia ca . B K p a a Ha K H n ra T a c e

1 AN GH ELACH E SA VICI, Mosca jos. In douà parfci, 1868, Bucure§ti, (208 CTp.).2 Influcritele literare romìnefti in opera dramaturgului bulgar Dobri P. Voinicov,

« Buletinul Institutului Romin din Sofia», 1941, CTp. 107— 177.3 Dobri Voinicov fi Vasile Alexandri, « Preocupàri literare», Bucure^ti, 1940,

nr. 7, CTp. 419— 428.4 B . KeJiapy, num. ct>h., CTp. 113.5 U,um. CbH., cip. 111.6 B>k . no-rope fi) .

458

f la B a x MHoro K p aT K ii C B e fle m ia 3 a ^eiÌHOCTTa Ha B o ìì h h k o b h BpTb3KiiTe My c K o p r y K a p a flJ K a J ie1 .

O t 1 8 2 4 ^ 0 1 8 7 7 r o f l . b pa3JiHHHH pyMTbHCKH rp a flO B e c a S i i j ih o T iicH a T a n u 3 1 5 6 T > ;ira p cK ii K i i i ir n n o B . I l o r o p c J i o B 2 h 2 9 9 n o f l . H . M i ih h o b 3 , k o h t o n ocJ io flH iiH T r p y n u p a Tana: y n e C H iin n 8 3 , J iH T o p a T y p n u 6 8 , p e jm r i i0 3 H ii 8 0 , HCTOpXXHeCKH II nOJIIITHHeCKH 2 0 , pa3JIIIMHH 8 0 4 .

B p o H T Ha 6 ,bJ irapcK H T C B ccT H im n h c n n c a m i a b u o p n o f la o t 1 8 6 3 r o f l . , K o r a T o H3,Jiii3a h t > p b h h t b c c t h h k « E iJ i r a p c K a iiH CJia» ( p e f l . X p . B aK Jin flO B ) b B p a i iJ ia , f lo 1 8 7 7 e 5 1 , o t k o h t o 3 6 b ( ìc th h ii ,h ii 1 5 c n u c a m i a 5 , 1 8 BecTH HKa h 9 cnH caH H H H3JiH3aT b E y K y p e in ,- H h k o h o t b c c t h h u ,h t o h m & t h py.\n>n- c k h n s f la H iia m in ii3J iii3 aT n a p a J ie J in o H a pyM 'bHCKii m 6 'bJ irap cK H e 3 iiK , H a n p n M e p b c c t h h k «C B o 6 o .u a » ( p e f l . J I . K a p a B e j io i i ) — « L i b e r t a t e a » , « B a jiK a H » ( p e f l . K . IJ,aHK0 B ) — « B a l c a n u l » ; « U r b a n u l » n « V u l t u r u l » H3JiH3aT c a s io Ha pyM TiHCKH. « B i» A y im io c T » H3:iH 3a , K aiiTO K a 3 a x M e B e n e , Ha C i.J ira p cK ii n pyM 'bHCKH 03IIK II f l p . O t ClIHCaiIHJITa m e CnOMOHOM CaMO «riepHOflHHCCKO c n H c a H H e » ( 1 8 7 0 — 1 8 7 7 ) , o p r a H u à E 'bJirapcK O T O k h h jk o b h o « p y jK e c T B O , ocH OBaH O b 1 8 6 9 r o ^ iiH a b B p a i iJ ia , c -n e# 0f l0 6 p H B aiieT 0 Ha cT a T y T a Ha f l p y - >KecTB0 T0 o t M . K o n > J iH im a n y , T o ra B a M iim icT 'h p u à B T /rp e in m iT e p a ó o T i i .

I I o K p a i i C T aT nn c noJiHTiiHCCKH x a p a K T c p , n p e r J ie fl i i u à M « K f ly n a p o f l - HHT0 OTHOÌnOHHH, CT.OMTHH , Cl>o6 n(eH H fl II f lp y T H , Il MHOTO OT H3JIH3aiU,l1Te H a py'MT>HCKa TepH TOpHH BeCTHHHII KaTO « C B o G o ^ a » , «H e3aB H C H M O C T », « 3 H a M e » , « /J y M a n a G t - ir a p c K a T a e M n r p a u ,n n » , «H a p o flH O C T » h ; ; p . c e n e n a - TaT h xyflo> K ecT B eH H T B o p G n . lIo -r o J iH M a T a n a c T o t cTH XOTBopeH H H Ta n a X p . E o t o b ii o t p a3K a 3H T e n a J I . K a p a B C J io B , KaKTO b h ^ h x m o B e n e , c aI13JIC3JIH 13 Te3H B C CTH im iI.

O t KaaaHOTO r o t j k cT a B a h c h o , n e n p e 3 n e p a o f la n a B ia p a /H A a n eT O b PyMi>HHH h o c a n a n p a B C H ii n o ’ iT ii HHKaKBH iip eB O flii o t GT>JirapcKaTa x y ^ o w e - C TBena J iH T e p a T y p a n a pyM 'bHCKH C3HK. O ó a n e M «K ,n y C ^ iir a p c K a T a e M H r p a iji ia c e H a M iip a a o c T a roJiHM f ìp o i i j ja p o T iiB ii x o p a , k o h t o c'b.i.n.aBaT T y it n a i i - 3 H aM iiT e jm a T a n a c T o t 6T>JirapcK aT a BT>3po}K#eHCKa xyflO H eeeT B eH a j i i iT e p a - T y p a , f lp a M a T y p r a a h n y 6 jn m iiC T H K a , n e n a T a i ia ii p a 3 iip o cT p a H H B a n a r j ia m io H a S 'b J ira p cK ii c 3 i i k . M e /K ^ y T a3 ii e M iirp a u ;iia HMa i i o e n i , k o h t o n iim a T CTIIXOBCTe CH H a 6-bJirapCKH II pyM 'bH CK H . H o p a f lH HO-BHCOKOTO ])a3B H T Iie Ha p y j i 'b i ic K a T a J i iiT e p a T y p a i i K y jiT y p a g t T0311 n e p u o f l . , 6 i> J irap cK aT a in>3- po>K fleH CKa J iiiT e p a T y p a e H 3in iT aJia i i s b o c t h o b j ih h h h o b pa3B H TH 0T0 c u o t n e i i i ia C T p a H a , b j ih h h h c , k o c t o e o in ,e c j ia C o iip oyH O H O .

1 3 a n o B eie c B e a e n iiH B ip x y flB eT e k h h t h H a A . C a m p i u ;k . B A C H J I E X P H C T Y , B-bcm anuiiu u n op óa d M u u . C noped 3anucnum e n a A . C a e m , H a y q iio -n o n y jiH p H a 6 i i 6 ^ H O T eK a -K a M a p a n a n a p o ^ H a T a K y . i T y p a , C o $ h h , 1 9 4 7 , k h . 1 5 ( 6 4 C T p .) .

2 O n u c H a c m a p u m e n e u a m a n u ó t A z a p c n u k h m u ( 1 8 0 2 — 1 8 7 7 ) , C oì| >h », 1 9 2 3 .3 Cardile bulgare^ti tipàrite in Rominia, « G a z e t a c à r f i l o r » , 1 5 § i SO M a iu , 1 9 3 5 ; Rominia

fi renafterea bulgara, B u c u r e § t i 1 9 3 6 , ( 6 3 C T p .) . M h h t c b OTCTpaH HBa o n e 3 H K h o t h , ; (a ; ( e m i o t I I o r o p e j i o B KaTO « c T a p o i i e ia T iu i 6i j i r a p c K H » , k o h t o c a n n c a i u i c rp i> n K i[ o y K B it , f l p y m « k o h t o n e n p e^ C T a B jiH B a T ti i i c t o 6 'b . i r a p c ic n k h h t h , n p t i B c e n e c a n H caH H c k h p h j i c k h 6 y K B ii 11 0 H e 3 H , n e 'ia T a im b p a 3 .iH tim t ; (n e m n n p y M M C K H r p a ^ O B e , n e B K ;n o > fn a in n ce T o r a B a b r p a H im i i r e n a p y M 'iiiicK H T c K H fi;K C C T iia».

4 Rominia fi renafterea bulgari, C T p . 4 1 .6 B/K. f l . M I 1 T E B , BT>3pancdane npe3 nenama B 1 0 0 0 zodunu E ’bAzapua 9 2 7 — 1 9 2 7 ,

C o g l i a , 1 9 3 0 , C T p . 6 6 0 — 6 6 2 11 J[. H . M H H H E B , b Publicistica bulgara, periodici in Rominia, « Gazeta càrlilor », 1 5 § i 3 0 a u g u s t , 1 9 3 7 .

459

★Tpemunm nepuod b K y j iT y p in iT e o T H o m e H H H M e>K fly p y M 'b in i i i C>%:\-

r a p u o ó x B a m a ro /jH H H T e o t 0 c B 060H < fle H iie T0 s o K p a n H a I l b p B a CBeTOBHaBOHH a.

C jie f l O cB o6o> K A eH H eT o 3 a n o H i¡a h o b c T a n b HCTopHHTa H a S'b.nrapcKM H H a p o ^ h b pa3BHTHeTO Ha H aH H O H ajiH aTa 6T>JirapcK a K y j iT y p a . B J iiiT e p a - T y p a T a c e 0T p a3H B a T « b c h h k h o h h h HBJieHHH, k o h t o x a p a K T e p H 3 H p a T 0<J)0pMHBaHeT0 h p a a B H T u e x o Ha KanHTaJiHCTHHecKOTo 06m e cT B 0 y H a c h 6 o p ñ a T a H a T pyflO B iiH n a p o f l H a n eJio c p aG oT H H H ecK aT a K Jiaca n p oT H B K a n i i - T aJiH 3M a»x .

C jie f l O cB o6 oH «fleH H eT o 6T>JirapcK aTa J iiiT e p a T y p a c e p a3B H B a n o m>TH H a KpHTHHCCKHH peajIH3T>M , eflH a TpaflHU,HH, HHCTO HaHaJIO e nOCTaBCHO o m o b n e p i i o f la H a B 'b3pa>KflaH eTO o t Ó . P . C jia B e iíK O B , JI. K a p a B e jiO B 11 X p . B o t c b . Í I i> p m iíiT npe^CTaiiiiTO Ji n a K pH TiraecK H H p e a ju ia 'b M c j i e f l O c b o 6 o > k - fleH H CTo e Ü B aH B a s o B . I I p e 3 9 0 -T e r o f l i r a i i Ha X I X b c k ,¡jo K p a n n a rh> pB a CBeTOBHa BOHHa KpH TiiH ecKH H T peaJiH3"bM e rjiaB H O J iH T e p a T y p n o T en eH H e. P a c T e S p oH T n a fla p oB H T iiT e S ^ ji r a p c K ii n n c a T e j in h n o e r a . B ’b J ira p cK a T a jiH T e p a T y p a c e o ó o r a T H B a c a p r o i x y flo jK e cT B e H ii n p o H 3 B e A e H n n . H a j iH T e p a - T y p H 0T0 n o j i e c e n o iiB H B a T H3TT>KHaTHTe n iic a T e J in h n o e r a KaTO T . B jia ñ K O B ,II ,. H epK O B C K H , AHTOH C TpaH IH M H pO B , C t OHH M íIXaiÍJIO BCK H , neH H O C j i a - B e iÍK o n , I I . K . B b o p o b , E j i . I I o j ih h , H o p e a n H o b k o b h j j p . B t h x h o J i i in e , H a p e j j , p a 3 6 n p a c e , c HM eHaTa Ha X p . B o t c b h H b . B a 3 0 B , 6 i .J ira p c K a T a J iH T ep a T y p a c h cn e n e J iB a M e>K 3yH ap0,íiH 0 n p H 3 H a H iie . 3 a E j ih h IleJ iH H , H a n p i iH e p , M aKCHM r o p K H c e e H 3 K a 3 a ji T a n a : « J l io S a a C T p a n a M o r jia 6 h r o p - flHTbCH TaKHM im ca T eJ ie .M , KaK E jih h I leJ iH H »2 .

I lp e 3 T0311 n e p n o f l c e 3 a p a n < A a h p a 3 B H B a c o m t a jiiic T iiH e c K O T O a b i o h c h h o b B 'b J ir a p H H . H e r o B p o f lo n a H a jir n iK e f l i iM H T b p B j i a r o e B , o c h o b o h o j i o j k h i i k h n a M a p K c iia e c K a T a K p H T H K a b 6 i. J ir a p c K a T a j iH T e p a T y p a . ¿ J iiM H T 'b p n o j u i -

h o b n ocT a B H n a n a J iO T o Ha p eB O Jiion iioH H aT a n p o J ie T a p c K a n o e 3 H H b t o 3 h n e p u o f l .

,H ,eM O K pa T ]iH H a T a C T > jira p cK a J u i T e p a T y p a , n p o J ie T a p c K a T a p e B O J i i o n i i o im a J iH T e p a T y p a n M a p K c iiH e c K a T a K p i iT i iK a b o ^ h t y n o p i i T a 6 o p 6 a n p o T H B H a x j i y - j i h t c n p e fl i iM H O o t s a n a f l i u i T a J iH T e p a T y p a y n a fl 'b H H H t c h c h h h — h h a h b h - flyaJIH 3T>M , CHM BOJIH3'bM , O K C n peC H O H H 3'bM . T e 3 H TOHCHIIH H e H y C K 3 T ffb J I - 6 o k i i K o p e m i b 6 i .J i r a p c K a T a j iH T e p a T y p a h c j i c # Ü T jp B a C B eT O B H a B o i r a a , H O fl BJIHHHHe n a peB O JIIO nH O H H H H y C T p e M H a M aC IIT e II O 'bpSOTO p a 3 B IIT H e n a n p o J ie T a p c K a T a J i i i T e p a T y p a 11 K p H T H K a n o c T e n e H H O c e i i3 H iiiB H B a T .

P yM tH O -S T bJ irapcK H T e J iiiT e p a T y p H ii oT H om eH iiH o t 1 8 7 7 r . 3 0 K p a a H a lh ,p B a CBeTOBHa B o ir a a , K aK T o h n p e 3 C JieflB anyiH e T a n 3 0 1 9 4 4 r . c a c'bBT>pmeHO H e n p o y n e H n . E fliiH CTBeH B a c n j i e X p n c T y b CTaTiiH Ta c u Despre literatura búlgara in Romlnia3 e H a n p a B iu i o rn iT b Ta3H o S j ia c T . Ch>6paHHHT 3 0 c e r a o t H a c M aT ep iia J i n o K a 3 B a , n e n p e 3 n e p n o f la 1 8 7 7 — 1 9 1 8 npeB O flH T e o t n p o i i 3 - B efleH iiH T a n a HOBaTa 6 i> J ira p cK a j i i iT e p a T y p a c a m h o t o M a jiK o . H a M iip a M e

1 T. IJAHEB, J Iu m e p a m y p a u u3r¡ycm eo, B l l c m o p u n na E tt - i ia p u n , Co )HH, 1 9 5 5 , T . II , CTp. 344.

2 IJ im iT a n o CTaTHHTa n a H . H. K paB ijO B , E a u h ü eA U H , b O n ep n u u cm o p u u ó o A ia p c K o ü A u m e p a m y p a X I X — X X een o e , M ., 1959, CTp. 259.

3 « ^ a n t ie r », P lo e § t i , 1935, 6 p . 11, CTp. 15.

460

npeseflCHH Ha pyM'bHCKii e3HK e^Ho Ba30B0 CTHXOTBopemie1, poMana My JÌod m om o b ci>KpaTGH bua 2 11 efliiH pa3 Ka3 o t Ejihh IÌeJiHH3. H o 6 "wirap- cKaTa JiHTepaTypa He ocTaBa c'bBceM Heno3HaTa b PyMtHHH, tí>h KaTO pyMi>H- CKHTe JiiiTepaTypHH KptroBe ce HHTepecyBaT ot hch.

B m>pBHTe abo fleceTiuieniH cjies OcBo6 oHyj,eiineTo b PyMbiiiui ne ce ciiOMeHaBa Hiimo 3a C'bJirapcKaTa jiiiTepaTypa. EflBa b 1895 rofl. ii3BecTHiiHT pyMTbHCKH cJiaBiicT ílofl BorflaH, ii3/;a uà b OTêJina khh/kk3 eflim peêpaT, n3HeceH ot Hero b ATCHoyMa TpH roflHHii npeflii TOBa4. B upe^roBopa uà KHitJKKaTa aBTopT>T npii3naBa, hc hc e iim3ji naMepenne fla H3#aBa T03H MaTepHaJi, tbìì KaTo e HCKaJi fla 3aflT.Ji6oHii H3CJieflBaHHHTa ch no 3acer- HaTHTe BT>npocn, o6 ane b jjocTa uinpoKOTo pe3K)MO uà pe<j>epaTa, OTnenaTaHO b 6T.JirapcKHH BecTHiiK «CBo6 ofla» (rofluna V I , 6 p . 783 li 7 8 4 ), ca .nonyc-H3TH HHKOH HCTOHHOCTH, KoeTO Kapa HerOBH npMHTeJIII-6 'bJirapH uà HaCTOHBaT 3a i^hjiocthoto nySjiiiKyBaHe Ha peiJepaTa.

B PyMbHU u ÓKJizapu f i . BorflaH npaBii KpaTbK nperae^ Ha GiJirapo- pyMT>HCKHTe KyjiTypHii H noJiiiTiiqecKii OTHomeHHH 3 0 0cB060>KfleHiieT0. Cjiefl KaTo pa3HCHHBa CTUMOJioniHTa Ha #yMaTa óbAiapim, toiì npocjie- flHBa npoijeca Ha npeTonuBaHCTo Ha AcnapyxoBMTC ñ'bjirapii b cJiaBHHCKaTa Maca 11 o6pa3yBaHeTo Ha S'biirapcKaTa ^tpHOBa. IIo,n*iepTaBa MHoroKpaTHo, to nofl GtJirapH flHoc 11 b cpcahobckobiicto ce pa3íÍHpa cJiaBHUcKii HapoA, koiìto roBopii cJiaBHHCKn e3iiK. «KoraTO roBopiiM 3a Gtiirapn n 3a tjixhoto BJiiiHHite B'bpxy Hac, Hiie pa36npaMe efliiH cji3bhhckh Hapofl 11 CJiaBHHCKo BJIIIHHHe » (CTp . 14) .

K yJiT ypH O T O BJiiiHHHe H a C’b J ira p iiT e B 'b p x y pyMT>HHTe, c n o p e j i E o r ^ a H , n p o f lM H t a B a 3 0 X V I I B e n , K y jiM iiH H pan K H n p e 3 X V h X V I B e K , a 110- KT.CHO, n p e 3 e n o x a T a Ha BT>3pa>KflaHeTO Ha & bJirapcK H H H a p o /i , k o c t o a a iiO H B a c B 'bsp asK flaH e b jiH T e p a T y p a T a , p yM 'bH iiT e h m b t c b o h n p n H o c . M 3 a jja flO K aa<e TOBa H o h B o r d a n i i3 pe> K fla , 3 a n oH B aH K ii o t C o ^ p o H i i i i , MMeHa l i n p o H 3BC>AeHiiH H a i)T>nrapcK H k h h j k o b h h i j h , p aS oT H Jiii 11 n e n a T a jiH b P y M -b - H iiH . T o B o p n 11 3 a peB O Jiiom ioH H aT a a ^ k h o c t H a S t u r a p c K a T a oM iirp a iiH H Ha pyMTjHCKa T e p H T o p u n .

B Kpaa Ha pa6oTaTa cu ro.’ieMiiHT pyM’bHCKii cJiaBHCT npnKaHBa k im Beraa «pyHiSa ^BaTa Hapoâ:» « Astàzi Bulgaria este aproape independentà. Sà dorim ca ea sà devinà cu totul independentà si stápiná pe destínele sale, cum au devenit inaintea ei Grecia, Serbia §i Romlnia.

E xista o mare analogie, din punct de vedere istorie, intre soarta acestor popoare balcanice, dar nici unele n-au fost legate in tot cursul istoriei lor asa de strins unul de altul ca poporul bulgar §i cel romin. . .

Rominii si bulgarii trebuie sà fie prieteni si in viitor, cum au fost in trecut. Ei s-au luptat impreunà contra Bizantinilor §i Turcilor; ei vor avea sa se lupte de aci inainte impreunà contra du§manilor care ii amenin^à de o potrivà si pe unii §i pe altii. Aceasta este convingerea ce trebuie sà §i-o faca Rominii §i Bulgarii din studierea reciproca a trecutului lor. . . Orice diversi-

1 Ba<. Velicico Vàlcev, if um. ct>h., cip. 143.3 IIaK maM.3 Cnacoea Moziuia, « Flacàra », 1912, nr. 2, C T p. 14— 15.1 Rominii fi Bulgarii. Raporturile culturale fi politice intre cele douà popoare, Bucu-

re$ti, 1895.

461

t ä t e a p o l i t i c i i a c e s t o r d o u ä p o p o a r e v a f i t r e c ä t o a r e , c ä c i c o m u n i t a t e a i n t e - r e s e lo r c e l o r r a a i v i t a l e , a in t e r e s e l o r d e e x i s t e n p , v a p e r s is t a § i d e a c i in a in t e » ( c T p . 4 4 — 4 5 ) 1 .

H h k o h f lo c T a oß in iip H M CTaTini B i jp x y C iiJ ira p cK a T a J iH T e p a T y p a , n e n a - T3UH B TOH nepM O fl B pyMT.HCKH CIIHCaHIIH H B eC TH im H , HCHO TO B O pH T 3 a H H T ep eca n c p e f l pyM iiH C K aTa o 6 m ,ecT B e iio cT kt>m ß iiJ ira p c K a T a J iH T e p a T y p a .

T a i< a b 1 9 0 8 2 h 1 9 0 9 3 ro flH H a c e n y ß ji i iK y B a T T p n C T aT im o t ß ^ J ir a p c K i i « n p o t j) . f l - p K . K p ^ C T e B . C t h x a B T o p v r 3 a n o 3 H a B a pyjvrhHCKaTa oöm e cT B C H o cT c J ii iT e p a T y p iia T a f le i i i io c T n a h h k o h ß ’b J ira p c K ii n i ic a T e J ii i . B m >p B aT a o t t í i x r o B o p n H a K p a T K o 3 a X p . B o t c b , J I . K a p a B C J ioB h I le T K o C jia B e iiK O B , a iio f lp o Ö H o c e c n i i p a n a H u a n B a 3 0 B . T o i i H 3 rb K B a h h k o h c J ia ö o c T H b T B o p - HecTBOTO M y , h o r o B o p n 3a H e r o c y B a > K eH iio . I Ip H 3 H a B a r o 3 a t o j ih m n o e T H HHCaTCJI.

B tjB B T op a T a n T p eT aT a CTaTHH, n yÖ JiH K yßaH H CflHa r o t u n a n o - kt>c h o , f l - p H ptC T O B p a3rjie> K fl,a J iiiT ep a T y p H a T a ^ c h h o c t Ha M b . B a 3 0 B (n p o f lu i iK e H H e ) , Ha T o f l o p ß jia H K O B h C t . M H xaü jiO B C K H .

B 1 9 1 0 r o ß (7 c e n T e M u p ii) b c c t h h k « V o in ^ a N a t i o n a l ä » o T n en a T B a a p y r a CTiiTiiH H a K iiTjCTob 3 a J iiiT epaT ypH H H h h ib o t b E i J i r a p i i H , n y ß ji i iK y B a H a b « N e u e F r e ie P r e s s e » ( 1 9 1 0 ) , o th t^ o to e ß iu ia n p oB eflC H a Ha pyMT>HCKH.

C lim a Ta r o fli iH a p y iv m icK iiH T cJ ia B iicT H j i i i e ET>p6 y j i e c K y HSJiHaa b c n . « V i a t a R o m i n e a s c ä » c p e f l CTaTHii h o ; i o ö i i j o t o 3 a r jia B i ie D i n lu m e a b a lc a n ic ä .

3 a CTaTH H Ta, b k o h t o r o B o p n 3a J iiiT e p a T y p H iiT e T eneH iiH b 6 ’b . i r a p c K a T a J iH T e p a T y p a 4 , t o h H 3 n o ji3 y B a n y ß jiH K y iia H ii M a T e p iia ji i i n a 6yp> K oa3H H K p n - t h h h h c n e u n a jiH O e /jH a c T a r a n Ha C n a c T a H eB 5 .

B 'b p ö y j i e c K v roBopn 3a Tpw J iiiT e p a T y p H ii t c h c h iih b ß T > n rapcK aT a J iH T e p a T y p a :

1 . l i t e r a t u r a t e n d e n ^ i o a s ä 6, 2 ) l i t e r a t u r a m o d e r n i s t a si 3 ) l i t e r a t u r a n a t i o n a l i s t á , c r jia B H ii npeflCTaBiiTOJiH ^ h m . I I o j ih h o b , I I c h h o C .iaB eÜ K O B

1 « f l H e c I ii.-ira p iiH e n o m i ne3 a B iiciiM a . ßa nowanaeM t u nn cT a iie n a n M iio n esa m ie iiM a h r o c n o / ja p Ha c l /iGiih h to c ii , k « k b h t o C T anaxa n p e a ii HeH T ip m iH , C ip C iiH II PyM tH H H .

O t HCTopnuecKa riienna TOHKa ci.inccTnyBa rojiH M a aua;iorn!i b cT>;(6aTa Ha Te3H 6aaKaHCKii Hapoffii, ho hhto e^Hii M e»fly th x ne ca 6hjih Tana thchb CBipsaan noMe>Kfly ch npe3 ue.’inH cB o ii n c T o p ii ’ iecK ii >kiibot, KaKTO ca 6hjih CBi.p3aHH ÖMrap-KiiH h pyM ri>n- ckh H a p o f l . .. PyM tm i ii f)T>:irapn Tpfifina 3 a 6i>^aT npiiHTe.in 11 b 6 i ,;(e n {0 , KaKTO ca 6hjih b MHHajioTO. Te .'iae^HO ca ce 6hjih npoTHB n .pnu h T ypnn ; Te 3ae,iH0 me ce 6op«T h OTcera iiaTan»K npoTHB BparoBeTe, k oiito e;uiaKBO 3anjiamBaT 11 e/uurre, h jip y rH T e . Tobb e yöeJKfleinieTO, p,o KoeTo TpnÖBa 3 a CTHraaT p y M i.n n 11 6 't ; i r a p i i , n 3y - HaBaiiKii MimajioTO c h . . . BcHKakbo p a 3n orJ iacH e b no.iiiT iiK aT a Ha Te3ii jma n a p o ^ a me ö ifle KpaxKOTpaiiHO, 3amoTo oömHocrra na TexmiTe naii-Huisnem! iiHTepecii, uu to- pecu T e 3a ci.mccTByBainieTO hm, me ctmecTByBaT 11 b Sißem e».

2 N o u a literaturä bulgarä, « N oua revistä ro m in ä », Bucuresjti, 1908 v. 5., nr. 11, CTp. 172— 173.

3 J l a n m a M , 1909, v. 7, nr. 9, h nr. 11,4 « Via^a R om ineascä», Ia$i, 1910, v. 18, nr. 7, CTp. 114— 120.5 «EtJirapcKa CTapima», Co$ hh , 10.11.1910 ro « .6 K i m T0311 T ep M iiH p e ^ a K n ii f iT a e n a n p a n iu i a 3 aöeJ ie> K ica . T h n a M H p a , >ie 6 h ö h j i o

n o n p a B H J in o T a 3 ii J iH T e p a T y p a ; ;a c e i ia p e q e « t e z i s t ä » , h j i i i « l i t e r a t u r ä u t i l i t a r ä » , 3 a m o T O , c n o p e A h o h , «B c n K a J iH T e p a T y p a e T C H ;(e n u ii0 3 H a , i is p H s a B a O T H om eH iieT O H a n n c a i e : i h kt»m >KHBOTa, OTHOHieHHe, K o e T o MOJKe f la c e n a p e 'i e h T e H ^ e im u H » .

462

i i I I ( ¡ a n B a 3 0 B . T B o p n e c T B O T O H a T 0 3 ii n u c a T C J iii e nn,T,eno 11 o 6 h c h c h o

T a n a , K a K T O c a r o n p e flC T a B H J in b H 3 n o .i3 y B a H H H o t B 'b p 6 y j i c c n y M a T e p n a ji Ö M rapcK H 6ypHioa3Hii k p m t i i i j h , npimaflJioKainH kt>m TpeTOTo T C H e n iie .

3 a « T e H fle H D ,ii0 3 H a T a » j n iT e p a T y p a c e K a a B a , n e e B H e ce H a o t P y c n a 11 x a p a K T e p H 0 T 0 3 a h g h b E'BJirapiiH e , n e n H c a T e J iH T e h c c a C T p eM H T f la n o c T i i r - H a T e c T C T in ie c K a e M o m iH , a n p e c J ie f lB a T h 3 b c c t h h H fle ii h TOHfT ,e m u i» , c iic u , iia .iH O noJiHTiiHecKii h co ip ia jiH ii. T a3 ii JiiiTepaTypa e npoTHBHiiK Ha KaKBaTo 11 ,rja e T p a p ,H ii,H H , B O flii 6 o p 6 a 3a H 3 B e c T H ii c o i ; n a j r n n p e $ o p M H , n p e a k o i i t o

c e C M H T a , n e m,e c e O T CT paH H 3 J io t o i i H y jK flH T e o t n a c T O H m u H > k h b o t i i m e c e BT>3HapH flO Ö pO TO , paB eH CTB O TO I I 6paTC TB O TO B ß l . J l r a p i I H .

C n oM eH a B a c e 3 a T B opn ecT B O T o Ha A . K a p m v ia oK a n ecT B eH o. K aT o c .n a 6 o He n o p a i n TCHfleHii,ii03H0CTTa b H e r o , a n o p a i n j in n c a n a iiiicaT eJ iC K ii f l a p . H o T a 3 ii J iH T e p a T y p a , K a3B a E t p S y a e c K y , e n p eflC T aB eH a n o - ^ o ö p e b n o e s H H - Ta, K ^ e T O T B o p n fl,apoBHTHHT n o e T H o j i h h o b . T o h MOHTae 3 a e ß im c b h t , KaKT>BTO H e c 'tm .t'C TB yB a h eflB a j i i i e c 'M uecT isyB a.T H H K o ra , c b h t , b k o h t o fla HHMa n o T iic H a T ii , h h t o p o ß n , h h t o ny;K ;i,acLn ii c e , h h t o M ii3 e p n H , h i i t o 6 o r a T a m n ( c T p . 1 5 ) . B cß o p H H K a O m u 3 m oK d o 3 a n a d H o j i h h o b n oM ecT B a n p oH 3 B ejjeH H H c B H eoK a xyflO H tecT B eH a c t o h h o c t , n o B e n e n o O TH om eH H e n a H3K a 3aH aT a b t h x m h ct> ji, o t k o j i k o t o n o n o e r a K a T a c h . E t o 3am ,o T e3 ii CTHXOTBOpeHHH , BTiIipCKlI Te H/JOH HIIO3HOCTTa C1I « C6 33nOM HHT Ä M I 'O , t h x h o t o B fl'bxu oB eH H e Te fl ’bpHxii f l M r o b H a n p e jK e m ie h t c K a p a ;i,a m h c .tu iii , TaK a KaKTO h i i t o efliut o t H a n n iT e . i i iT c p a T o p u h o Te n oflT H K B a ^ a m h c jih ih h H y B C T B yB am »1 . H o E i> p 6 y j i e c K y n o B T a p a ayM H T e n a « h h k o i i S 'B J ira p n » cnen,najiHO H a C . TaHeB, K o r o T o h n , im i p a , h o TOBa t c h c h h c e o ß p e n e H o Ha r a 6 e j i . T o n e MOH<e fla mvia n o B e n e n p eß C T a B H T ejm n 3aT 0 Ba H e m o>kc R a >KiiBee f f M r o . B iJ ir a p c K iiT e 6 y p jjK o a 3Hii K p iiT i in i i , a 3aeflHO c t h x i i M .t h c E i p G y a e c K y H e c a M orJ in 3 a b h ^ h t n p a m u iH o pa3BHTHCTO Ha T a 311 j i i iT e p a - T y p a b ß i ^ e m e - C jie f l H o j ih h o b t h h c caM O h c s a r i r a a , a b h o h 3 0 1 9 4 4 ro flH H a i i 3 r p H x a TajiaH TH K aT o X p iiC T O C m i ip h o h c k i i , T e o M n j ie B , H . ß . B a m j a p o ß , k o h t o h H3f l i i r H a x a Ha m h o f o i i o - b h c o k o iifleiiH O h x y ^ o a te c T B C H o p aB H H m ;e .

KaTo iipeflCTaBiiTCJiH Ha MoflepHHCTHTe Bo>p6yJiecKy nocoHBa 11 . Hßopoß K . XpiiCTOB, T . TpaHHOB, a KaTo ocHOBaTeJi Ha TOBa Te4CHHC — IIchho C jiaBeüKOB « dascälul m oderni§tilor-sim boli§ti ai Bulgariei » ( « y m im e .i n a (r b jis a p c K u m e M o d e p H U cm u -cu M e o jiu c m u i> ) (cTp. 1 1 6 ).

I lo fl B J iH H H iie Ha 6yp>Koa3HaTa .T H T e p a T y p n a KpHTHKa, a h caM Heim H3pa3HTeji, H .in e BT.p6yjiecK y He e mo>kc.t fl,a Biiflit h « p y r i i CTpaHii b TBop- HecK0T0 pa3BHTiie Ha Te3H n o e ra m n o p a in TOBa ^aiia norpem H a npe^cTaBa Ha pyMljHCKHH HHTaTeJI 3a THXHOTO TBOpneCTBO2.

«Hai^HOHaJiHOTO TeneHHe» e H a ii-p a 3 n p o c T p a H e H 0 T o J iH T epaT ypH O T e - neH H e b E M r a p i i H . T o 0 T p a 3 H B a /KiiBOTa b ceJioTO 11 r p a ^ a , aa iB O T a H a GoraTiiH h Ha yHH3eHHH öeflHHK, Tana KaKTO im caTc;iiiT m bh>K#a b caiiaTa ,n;eHCTBHTeJiHOCT. TjiaBeH npeflCTaBHTeJi H a TOBa Tonern«! e 11 B au

1 Il3Ka3BaHeTO e Ha H u k . ATaHacoB b CTawiHTa My, nyß.iHKynaiia b «BtarapcK a CTapima», C o$hh , 1 im yapii, 1910 r o « . , U H Tiipano o t B-bpoyjiecKy.

2 B t p x y H3Ka3BaHHHTa Ha H;nie Ki,puy.TecKy 3a C.'iaBeÜKOB me ce BT»pHeM nan, TT>ii KaTo t o h e H a m ica ji oCmiipua CTaniH 3a t b o p t o c t b o t o Ha rojieMiiH 6i.JirapcKH noeT.

463

B a30B , c u iT a H 3 a H a H -roJ ieM im n u c a T e J i , h3b t>h OH e3H , k o h t o c m h t b t 3a T a kt>b I le H H O C jia B c f iK O B . E 'b p S y jie c K y f la B a K p a T K H C B e # e H iiH B i p x y T B o p - n e cT B O T o n a B a30B , a r io - K i.c H o M y n o c B e m ,a B a c n e n ,n a jie H T p y ^ .

M 3 rJ ie > K # a , He CTaTHHTa H a M jm e B 'b p G y jie c K y 3a pa3JiiiH HHTe TeneHiiH b 6 'b J ira p c K a T a J iH T ep a T y p a e c b S y /jiiJ ia H H T e p e c , 3a in ,0T 0 c jie f l flu e r o flm tii t h c e n y g jiH K y B a H aH O B o1 b e b K p a T eH b h ^ . A M o in e 6 h , n o p a ^ H J in n ca Ha h o b M a T e p n a ji B i> p x y 6 'b J ira p cK a T a J iH T e p a T y p a , c n iic a H iie T o h n p e n e n a T B a , M a n a p h H e h s i j h j i o , 3 a ^ a 3a30B 0JiH H H T epecH T e Ha HiiTaTeJiHTe c h .

B e e b 1 9 1 0 r o /i ;. H j in e E 'b p G y J iecK y n u rn e floC Ta o 6 m n p H a c t b t h h s a H e iiH o C jia B e iiK O B 2 . T o i l c h n o cT aB H 3 a ije ji f la h o c o h h n o jiH T H n ecK a T a aTM OC(|)epa, b k o h t o c e p a3B H B a 6 'b J ira p c K a T a J iH T ep a T y p a H 3 o 6 m o 11 H a ~ u p a B H n o -m .J i i ia x a p a K T e p n c T H K a n a n o e T a C jia B e iiK O B . A b t o p t iT H a CTaTHHTa CJie^H c t o j ih m H H T ep ec M aT ep n a J iH T e , H 3JiH 3am H bt>b b . « M n p » 11 S yp H H T e fliic K y cH H n p e 3 B p eM e H a CjiaB H H C KiiH K O H rp ec b Co<J>hh M eacfly M o/jepH H C Tii h n p cA C T aB H T ejin H a « H a n n o H a jm a T a » J iH T e p a T y p a . O c B eH T O B a, o r a e n a T a - H aTa BTjB BecTHHK « V o i n t a n a t i o n a l« » C T a r a n B 'b p x y 6 'b J ira p cK a T a JiH TepaT y p a , 3a k o h t o B en e c n o M e H a x M e 11 k o h t o BecTHiiK'bT n p H flp y w a B a ci»c CJie^H aTa 3a6eJie>K K a « .. .B 'b n p e K H He r -H H j in e B i> p 6 y jie c K y n y S jiH K y s a b « V ia ^ a r o m i n e a s c S » CTaTHH B 'b p x y TOBa ( t . e . 6 'b J ira p cK a T a J iH T ep aT yp a flH e c ) CM H TaM e, n e 11 6eJie>KKHTe H a ejjiiH 6T>JirapHH , c n e n u a jm c T b Ta3H M a T e- p n n , HHMa fla c a h 3 J ih h ih h » , K a p a E T > p 6 y jie c K y , k o h t o n o 3 H a B a ,n o 6 p e 6 y p H H T e J iH T ep aT yp H ii c n o p o B e b B tJ ir a p H H h cy6eK TH B iicTiiH H H H x a p a K T e p Ha J iH T ep aT yp H aT a K p H T H K a , « a n a n iim e c n e n n a jm a CTaTHH 3a I I . C jia B eiiK O B . M b >KeJiaHHeTO c h a a n p e f lc ia B H n p e fl pyM'bHCKHH MiiTaTeJi C jiaB eH K O B n o e T a BT>B B H pH a CBeTJIHHa, KaTO «o6cK T H B eH » Ha6jIIOflaTeJIII OTBTjH , TOH H3HCHHBa noJiiiT iiH ecK aT a aTMOc<|)epa b B "bJ irapH H , cn>jiK H OB eH H H Ta M e w fly p y c o c jiii- JiiiTe h n pinrb{)>K eH nn H T e n a aa n aftH irre n ; j e n , n peH ecJiH c e b o 6 jia c T T a n a J ii iT e p a T y p a T a .

B T .p 6 y j i e c K y H e e b c t > c t o h h h o 3 a n p e ije H H n p a B iu iH O C jiaB eiiK O B O T o T B o p n e c T B o . T o i l BHjKfla ro jiH M a n a c i o t peajiH CTH HHHTe h jjeM OKpaTHHHii eJieMCHTH b H e r o , H a n p iiM e p npanfliiB O T O 0Tpa>K eH ue H a C b m ecT B c iu i C TpaH ii OT HapOflHIIH HiHBOT, JIK)6 oB T a M y KT>M pO flH aTa n p i ip o f l a II H apoflH O TO T B O p- H e cT B o , k o h t o r o B/ji>XHOBHBaT, 3 a # a H a n ii in e M H o ro o t c B o iiT e H a i i- x y 6 a B i i

CTlIXOTBOpeHHH, HO nO fl BJIIIHHHC H a HHflHBHflyaJIHCTHHHHTe TI[)OH3BC,!jeHI[H B TBopH ecTBOTO M y (cT H X 0TB0 peH H H Ta o t H b p B aT a M y c 6 n p K a — M o m u h u CbA3u (1 8 8 8 ), c tc T a B e H a n p e /p iM H O o t rioflpa>KaTeJiH H C T iix oT B op eH H H , o t

k o h t o C jia B eiiK O B n o-K bC H O c e O T K a3B a) B t p S y j i e c K y r o o n p e f l c jm ca M o KaTO n p e ^ c T a B H T e J i H a M o jje p H H 3 M a .

^ H e m n a T a M a p K cu n e c K a J iiiT e p a T y p H a KpHTHKa b E 'b J ira p n H m in im a i i n p en eH H B a C jia B en K O B cb B c e M n o f l p y r H a n n H : « H e neH H O C jiaB eiiK O B e n n c a j i H H flH BH flyajiH CTiraH ii npoH3BC,neHHH — TOBa e H e r o B a S e ^ a . ToBa 3 H a n ii , n e t o i i caM e «ce p T B a H a n p o T H B o p e n iiH T a b 6 y p a ? o a 3 H a T a fleH C T B ii- T eJ iH ocT . H o t o h e a B T op h H a TOJiKOBa 3H aH iiTejiH H npoii3B eii;eH H H c p e a j iH - c t i ih c h ii fleM O K p a T ii 'ien x a p a K T e p . B caMOTO H e r 0 B 0 T B o p n e cT B o c h ^ a n a T ,

1 «Noua revistS romma», 1912, nr. 6, CTp. 9 3 , b K o -io n a x a « Insemnari».2 Pencio Slaveikov, ?eful curentului literar modernist din Bulgaria, « Viata Romi-

neascS », 1910, v. 19, nr. 11, c t p . 282— 291.

464

T aK a fla c e K aiK G , cp e m ,a u c e S op H T flB eT e o c h o b h i i j ih h h i i b G iJ ira p K a T a j i i i T e p a T y p a . H o o n o B a , k o c t o n o S e a c f ta B a , n o e T o T B op n ecK H n p e o S jia f la B a , K oeT o e x y flo iK ecT B eH O c i i j i h o ii K0 eT0 c x u r a r o H a c r h g c c b c CBOHTa n o 3 n a B a - T eJ iH a, x y ;i ,0 /Kt'CTBC}ia 11 êiicT B O H a c T p a H a , e p ea jin cT iiH H O T o h ^ e M o K p a T im n o T B o p n e cT B o Ha C jia B e iiK O B . C H e r o T o ii HMa 3H aneH H e h b pa3BH TH CTo H a H a m aT a ■ ii iT e p a T y p a , 11 3 a H a c a h c c . . . CjiaBOHKOB m o >KHBee c peajiH CTH HHHTe c h h n j)o r p e c H B H ii n p o ii3 B e fle H iiH , 6 j ih 3 k i i 3 0 H apoflH H H j k h b o t , H a cH T cm i c qyB C T B a H a H O B em m ia h êMOKpaTHSTbM . C t h h n p o i i 3 Be,n;eHiiH C jiaB eiiK O B c e H ape> K #a b p e a jii ic T iiH H o fleM OKpaTH H H aTa j i h h h h , KaTO o /u u i o t j 'o j i c m i i t o t b o p h h H a G iiJirapcK O TO xyflO /KecTBOH O c j i o b o » 1 . H C 'i .b c t c k h h t C tJ ira p oB C A ^ . O . M a p K O B OIêHHBa BHCOKO TBOpHeCTBOTO Ha C jiaBO H K O B , H apH M afiK ii r o «n o e T — p eaJ iH C T »2 .

B cTaTHHTa ch Iva n Vazov, .feful curenlalui literar nationalist din B ulgaria3, M iin c B i .p 6 y j i e c K y ch n ocT a B H 3a h cji fla h sh ch h n o e T im e c K a T a jih h h o ct Ha H b . B a 3 0 B , fla h c t n o c T a B H c TaH H a C jiaB eiiK O B h h o to h H am iH fla n p e f ln a 3 ii pyM tH C K H H HHTaTeJi o t « id e i le f a l s e » , p a s n p o c T p a H H B a n ii o t « V o i n ^ a n a t i o n a l s ». I)T>p6 y j i e c K y He c i io f le J ia m iich iicto Ha K p 'b C T eB , k o h to OTpima bch - K aK Ba n o e r a H e c K a ^ a p 6 a y B a 3 0 B . 3 a E t p G y j ie c K y « B a 3 0 B e 3H aTO TeJina (J>nrypa b ^ y x o B H H H ik iib o t H a B 'M r a p i iH ( c T p . 3 6 0 ) . . . h ob ck n o r ip i ip o f la onTHM HCT, B nen aT JiH T eJien 11 c H a6 jiro ,n aT ejieH y \ i» ( c T p . 3 6 1 ) . J I i iT e p a T y p - H aTa M y f l e im o c T e S o r a T a 11 pa3H oo6pa3H a, o 6 a*ie C jiaB eiiK O B e no-pa3H O - o6p a3en b lifleiiHO OTHOiucHiie 11 ho-atjJiGok KaTO MHCJiHTeji it n c i i x o J i o r . B t p S y j i e c K y cpa B H H B a n . C jiaB eiiK O B c roJieMiin pyM tH C K H n o e T M . Em ii- H e c K y . H c jic a nesafl'LJiGo'icH h Hen3ie|iiiaTCJieH aHajiH3 n a B a 3 0 B 0 T O T B o p - n ecT B O , t o h 3aKJHOH aBa: «naT pii0T H 3M i>T . . . ciiJ iH aT a jiioSob kt>m npiipoflaTa Ha 6T>JirapCKHTO 3eM H , JIlipH3M-hT II 0IITHMH3MT.T CBCTaBHT CrhIII,HOCTTa Ha Ba30B KaTO JiHTepaTypHa ji i ih h o c t» (e x p . 3 6 8 ) .

J ln n c a T a n a n o - r o j i s iM o H flen H o p a 3i i o o 6 p a 3He b t b o p h c c t b o t o n a B a s o n , Ha <.<3anadHU nyjimypnu, e.ieMenmu» 11 o r p a in iH a n a i io T o M y i i s k . t i o h h t o j i i i o «b fo.isapcnu mpaduifuoHHii e.UMenmu», c n o p e f l B'i>p6 y j i e c K y , c e fl 'b J ia o T

Ha (jpaKTa, He B a 3 0 B H e e no3H aB aJ i 11 He e M orbJi fla n on y B C T B y B a 3a n aA H a T a J iH T e p a T y p a , a HeROCTarbHHOTO H 03H aB aH e Ha $peH C K H e3H K H e M y e f la j io b t> 3 M o jk h o c t f la b h h k h c f ltJ iS o K o b H e n . O G a n e B 't p G y j ie c K y , n o flM e p T a B a , He «3 a e flH 0 c t .c C jia B eH K O B , B a 3 0 B c e H 3 fln r a Haji; o c T a H a jii iT e G ij jir a p c K ii n H c a T e ji i i , 0 C0 6 eH 0 c T on JiH H aT a, c k o h t o H 3pa3H B a T e s ii nyB C T B a 11 c h c o G m k - HOBeHaTa xapM O H H H Ha c r a x a , k o h t o c e J iee J ieK o h BflT>xHOBeHO o t n e p o T O M y . M o>K e A a c e K an < e, He b TOBa oT H ora cH iie B a 3 0 B e H ancTH H a 3H aH iiTeJieH n o e T » ( c T p . 3 6 9 ) .

Kt>m K a 3a n o T o o t BT>p6 y J ie c K y H eK a H anpaB H M h h k o h flo n tJ iH e H H H . B a 3 0 B 11 C jia B eiiK O B c e (J iopM upaT KaTO n o e r a b flB e pa3JiH H H ii H C T o p n ie c K H e n o x n h , e cT ecT B eH O , (J iaK TopH Te, k o h t o fle iicT B y B a T B t p x y t h x , c a pa3JiHHHH. Ba30B He M05Keme He ce pa3Bne KaTO nJiaMGHCH naTpiioT n p e 3 e n o x a T a Ha B’B 3p a> K flaH eT o, K o r a T o 6 o p 6 aT a 3a C B o 6 o # a o t T y p cK O p o o c T B o h peBOJnon,iioH H H H T A y x H a M a ciiT e C T n ra f lo Hafi-BHCOKOTO c h Hanpe-

1 r . 1JAHEB, C m panu i{u om ucm opunm a n a 6'bjiiapcKam a A u m ep a m yp a , CocjwH,1 9 5 8 , C Tp. 3 2 7 — 3 2 8 .

2 Bjk. n e m o C jiaeeuK oe, B O uepnu ucm opuu 6o.izapcKoii jiu m ep a m yp u , CTp. 196.3 « Viata RomineascS », 1912, v. 5— 6, CTp. 357— 369.

30 - c . 650 465

jk o h h c , TaK a KaKTO c e pa3B iiB U T h b c h h k h S i-n r a p c K H n n c a T e jiH n p e 3 T33H e n o x a . C jie f l O c B o 6 oH <A eH H eTo, n p e 3 8 0 -T e h 9 0 - t c roflH H H H a X I X B e n , Bri .p x y MJiaflOTO n a p a c T B a in o n oK O J ie in ie ó iiJ ir a p cK H n n ca T O J in , k o h t o n p e ^ H - m h o c a e A B a x a b 3a n a flH H C T paH H , M ejK A y k o m t o e h C jia B e iiK O B , H e M o a te x a A a h c O K am aT b j i h h h h c , a K o n e h 3 u ,h jio h o h c o r a a c r a yna^TiHH HTe j i h - TepaTypHH t c h c h i i h , TOJiKOBa H a MO«a T o r a B a . T a n a n e H e jin r ic a T a Ha 3 a n a flH a K y jiT y p a h H eA ocTaT 'tH H O To n 0 3 n a B a H e u à $peH C K H H e3H K c a n o n p e n iu iH H a B a 3 0 B fla H3pa3it b T B opnecTB O TO c h « e l e m e n t e c u l t u r a l e m o d e r n i s t e » , KaKTO san B H B a E ’B p S y j i e c K y , a con n aJ i-iiC T op iiH C C K H T e y c a o B H H , n p n k o h t o . H3 p a c T B a B a 3 0 B K a r a n o e T , c a CbBT.pmeHHO pa3JiiraH H o t o h 6 3 h , b k o h t o c e $ o p M H p a C jia B eiiK O B h p i “A f l p y m no-M JiaA H 6T>JirapcKH n o e r a .

M b b h B a 3 0 B e roJiHM H iicaT C Ji-fleM O K paT h x y \ ia H H C T . « B H a ñ -x y 6 a B a T a n a c T o t CB oeTo T B o p n ecT B o T o ii e h o c h t c j i H a o n a a , 3aBem,aHa o t n pefln - o c b o 6 o >k e ii c k a t a e n o x a AeMOKparaHiia T p a ^ iin iiH , k o h t o ro at>P>kii B i m a n i 6 jih 3 K o a o c'i>rt6iiHHTe H a H a p o f la . Toii t i p o ^ M /K a n a p eajiiicT iiH H aT a h ^eMOKpaTHHHa j i h h h h , k o h t o iifl;o o t K apaBenoB h BoTeB»1 .

M3BecTeH HfleeH yna^-bK b tb o p h c c tb o to Ha I lB a n B a s o B ce 3a6eJiH3Ba ca n o npe3 BpeMe Ha BoimiiTe (BaJiKaHCKaTa h IibpBa CBeTOBHa B ornia), K oraTo, nofl b jih h h h b to Ha BejiHKoS'bJirapcKHH ihobiihh3'bm , t o h n e g a ra c r a - xoTBopeHiiH c moBHHHCTiraeH xapaK T ep, 3a n o e io n o -K ^ cu o ncKpoHO CbJKaJIHBa.

C j i c a CTaTiiH Te H a H j i h c B 't p G y jie c K y ir i .p x y 6 i> J ira p cK a T a J iH T e p a T y p a , A o u p a n Ha 1918 r . H aM iipaM C m h o t o MaJiKO h o b M a T e p H a ji. B 1912 r . c n i i c a - m ie « F l a c à r a » n oM e cT B a b 4 - h c h 6 |>oh C T a iira T a H a M . O o t h , Literatura popoarelor balcanice. Poezia populara si cea culta. A b t o p t > t x a p a K T e p n s i ip a n a p o f lH a T a n e c e H y G M K aH C K U T e H a p o f li i — n> p ii,H , c ri>p6 n h S t n r a p u : t hOTpa3HBa BCHHKHTe H M HaA«KAH, MOpaJIHH CTpaflaHHH II f l y m e B H H TpeBOTH b 6op6aTa n p ora B n o r a c H H K a . H^ean 3a OTfleJiHiia HOBeK, KaKTO h 3a 06m,ecTB0T0 cTaBa xañffyTHH'BT « primul simptom al emancipàrii de mai tirziu » ( n p H B H H T 6ejier ira no-Ki>CHaTa CM aH im nanna).

H . O o r a H e e B 'fcS X IIT e H OT HapOflHOTO TBOpHeCTBO HHTO H a r t p n H , II

h h t o H a c 'i .p o i i H o m r a p i i . I T a i i - c i io J iy xiJ in n n b TOBa T B opn ecT B O c a c a M o KT>CH Te jm p iiH H H n e c H H , a H a ñ -x y S a B ii o t t h x c a n e c H H T e c j i i o S o b h i i m o t h b h . O o t h H 3K a3B a M H eH iie h 3 a rjiaB H H T e npeflC T aB H T eJiii H a J iH T e p a T y p iiT e , 3 a k o h t o r o B o p n . C n o p e f l n e r o B o 3 0 b i i h t p oM a H 1 7 o d m o m o « m ia ca M oJIOKaJIHO HCTOpiPieCKO 3HaHCHHC».

A b t o p t > t e H a u p a B H J i n p i i o 'B p s a i i a o u ;e H K a t o h h o H a o h 3 3 h T B o p 6 a O T B a 3 0 B 0 T 0 T B O p n e C T B O , K O H T O r o npaBII H 3 B e C T e H H3BT>H r p a H i m H T C Ha H e r o B a T a p o l l i n a h k o h t o a h o c e n p e s e f l e H a H a M H o r o Try > K ;i,n e s n u i i .

O t H3Ka3aHiiTe m h c h i i h b CTaraHTa 3a 6i>JirapcKaTa jiiiTepaTypa h Ò M r a p c K O T O H a p o f l H O T B o p n e c T B o , C T a B a h c h o , n e O o t h e CJia6o 3 a n o 3 H a T

c t h x i i a o k o j i k o t o H3raeH<Aa n e n o 3 H a B a a°Ph CTaranTe Ha liane B 'tp - 6yjiec-Ky, ii3Jie3JiH b t> b «V ia ta R o m ìn e a scà ».

E ^na roflim a n 0 -K T > C H 0 cniicaHHe « F la c à r a » nySjiHKyBa b CBKpaTeit bua C T a T H H o t H b . T e m o B 2 . A B T o p t T e n p o c J i e A H J i n c T o p H n e c K O T O pa3B iirae

1 T. U.AHEB, Cmpanuifu..., c.T p . 128.2 Cultura bulgara, «Flacàra», 1912, nr. 2, ctp. 12— 13.

466

Ha 6 M r a p c K a T a K y jiT y p a o t I X a o X I X b ck h c h c c m n a K p a T K o e HanpaBHJi nperjioA H a C T ap aT a h B'b3poH<fleHCKa J i i iT e p a T y p a .

A n a # - 11 . K o H C T a H T H H e c K y -flm , k o h t o B en e o t 6 j i i i3 0 n oJ ioB H ii b c k : c e 3aH H M aBa C H3CJieABaHeTO H a p y M T . H O r a pCKHTC HCT0pHH6CKH H K yJIT ypiIII OTHOHieHHH rjiaBHO n p e 3 X I X B e K , b 1 9 1 3 r . n y C jn iK y B a n 'bp in iH c h T p y A BT>pxy t h h OTHOHieHHH — CTaTHHTa Epoca de regenerare a Bulgariei si rolul Rom iniei1. A B TopT jT H3TM<Ba poJiH T a H a P y m t> h iih 3a K yJiT y p h o t o BT>3pa>KAaHe H a Ó M P à p - c k h h H a p o R , o r n ic n a JKHBOTa H a C iw ir a p cn a T a e M iirp a n iiH 113 p y M ’X.HCKHTe r p a ^ o B e . T o i i 3 a n o 3 H a B a p y M ’bHCKnH H a p o A c 6 o p 6 a T a Ha Ó M r a p c K H T e p e B O J iio m io H e p n h THXHaTa n o j i im iH e c K a h K y jiT y p H a a g h h o c t u à pyMT>HCKa TepHTOpiIH .

PyMTiHCKHHT HCTOpHK H . J ì o p r a H piI HyOJlHKyBaiICTO H a CflHH pyM'bH- c k h flOKyMeHT roB opn HaKpaTKO h c x y G a B ii flyMH sa ntpBHTe 6T>JirapcKH B’B3pO>KAeHIi;H : IlaH C H H , CoiJtpOHHÙ H BepOH2.

CTaTHHTa Ha Hoh Tpainafla Bulgarii in Rominia pina la 1877 3 pa3rJie3K«a JiHTepaTypnaTa a o h h o c t Ha h h k o ii CtiirapcK H k h h jk ob h h ijh o t e n o x a T a Ha B'L3pa>KflaHl‘TO. Tt»H KaTO aBTOpT»T H HO e fl.OCTaT'bHHO 3an03HaT c HCTopHHTa Ha 6i>JirapcKaTa jiHTepaTypa, AonycH aji e rpy6n (JfaKTiiHCGKH rpemKH.

T oB a ca M aTepHajihtc , k o h to 3acera M oraxM e fla HaMepHM b pyM tH - cKHTe BecTHHHH h cnucaHiiH 3a n epu o^ a 1 8 7 7 — 1 9 1 8 r o f l . , B k o h to noBene h jih no-M ajiK o ce 3acHraT BT>npocH sa Ó M rapcK aTa JiHTepaTypa h jiHTepa-T y p H a HCTOpHH.

★

B cJ ie flB a m H H , uemevpmu nepuod Ha p y mt.ii 0 - 6 T>.nr a p c k 11 t e K y jiT y p iiH OTHOHieHHH ( 1 9 1 8 — 1 9 4 4 ) 3 a n o3 H a B a H eT o Ha pyjvnbiicK aT a o 6 m e c T B e H o c T c 6T >JirapcK aTa JiHTepaTypa h JiHTepaTypna K piiTH K a B3HMa n o -m n p o K H pa3- M e p n . C e r a c e cp e m ,a T B c e n o - n e c T o npeB O A H rjiaB H O o t o 6 j i a c r r a u à n p o 3 a T a .

B pa3JiHHHH B e cT H im n h c m i c a m i H , H3JiH3aio,n b B y K y p e m , H B f lp y r H r p a ^ o B e H a c T p a H a T a , M a T ep n a jiH T e 3 a n o n y jiH p H 3 H p a H e H a 6 ri.J ira p cK a T a JiHTepaTypa cT a B aT Bce no-Bene, a 3aeAH O c t h x ii r j ia c o B e T e 3 a c6jiH >K eH iie M ejK A y r a p i i h pyMT.HH c e y M H O H ianaT. O c o f i e n o b n e p n o A a m g j k a y 3 0 -T e h 4 0 -T e roA H H ii H a X X B en T e3 ii M a T e p n a jiH c e o ó o r a T H B a T 3H anH T ejiH 0 h c e mtmaT rjiaBHO o t x o p a , k o h t o paTyBaT 3a Bi>3KpecHBaHe H a CTapaTa HCKpeHa h A 'bJiroBeK O BH a A p y > « 6 a M ejK A y flB aT a H a p o A a . ,

A K a f l . I I . K oH C T a H T H H e cK y -flin n p o A M iK a B a A a p a 6 oTH 3 a 6T >Jirapo- pyMTjHCKOTO CÒJIHiKeHHe, HHHieHKH CTaTHH H OTACJIHH KHHTH BT>pxy H CTOpiI- n ecK H T e i i K y jiT y p H H Bpi>3 KH Me>KAy A B aT a H a p o A a n p e 3 X I X b c k .

H en ocp eA C T B eH O c j ig a K p a n Ha B o iÌH a T a , b 1 9 1 9 r . H3JiH3a b H ih K H iiraT a My Rolul Rominiei in epoca de regenerare a Bulgariei (1 0 2 C T p .) . B n e a aB Topi>T A aB a h o b h A aHHH 3 a e n o x a T a H a BT>3pa>KAaHeTO, b s c t h o t 6 'B J ira p - c k h ii3TOTiH iin ii4 . B yB O fla H a K H iiraT a c h K o H C T a n T H H e cK y -H in n o A H e p T a iia ,

1 « Arhiva » Ia§i, 1913, Meccn cen T eM n p ii.2 Un ad rominesc privitor la inceputul culturii bulgare: dr. Verone, Bucurefti, 1914.3 « Convorbiri literare », 1914, nr. 1, c T p . 152— 157.4 Bjk. Studii istorice romino-bulgare, Bucure?ti, 1956, CTp. 4.

467

Me nyfíjiH K yB anuH T T p y # HMa 3a n;eji fla flO npiiH ece n oH e M ajiKo 3a pyivrbHo- fi'bJirapcKOTo c 6jin>KOHHe. IIoK paií h iic to iicTopH HecKH Te cB e^eH im b KHiiraTa ca flamenh ^ ocT a n oflp o6 n o 11 CBeflCHim 3a K yjiT yp m iH >kiibot Ha G 'bJirapiiTe Iip03 X I X b g k Ha pyMT>HCKa TOpHTOpiIH.

3 a ^ a aon'bJiHH H3HeccH0T0 b t o s i i c b o u Tpyn;, aBTopT>T mime b n e p iio fla o t 1 9 2 3 / jo 1931 r o f l . p e fl c i a r a n n o n o 6m o 3a r jia B iie Contribu(i¿ la rolul Rominiei tn época de regenerare a fíu lgariei1. G b ca o h h h 3a ncTopuH Ta h K yjiT yp aT a Ha 6i>JirapcKHH H ap ofl h B3aiiMHHTe hm b jih h h h h b o ñ jia c r r a Ha H3KycTBOTO a B T o p v r # a Ba ii b f lp y r n c b o i i p a 6o r a 2.

G n efl 1 9 4 4 ro ji;. a n a ^ . I I . K oH C TaH TiiH ecK y-H in n p o fl ’bJiHiaBa fl;a n n iu e B ce Tana HeyMopHO Ha tom h , 3acflraH ii o t n e r o h n o - p a n o , ii Aa Ao n PHHa cfl 3a 3aTBTjp3 HBaHe n a npiiHTeJiCKHTe BpT>3Kii MeHífly ó'b.’n a p i i n p y mt.hu . B 1 9 5 2 r o a . t o h 6 e ii36paH 3a HJieH n a B A H .

H a 21 cenTGM Bpn 1921 r o f l . 6'bJirapcK iniT H a p o # h Ky.TTypa n peT ’b p - HHiiaT roJiHMa 3 a r y 6 a : y M iip a H aií-K pyiiiiH H T 6i .J ira p cK ii nncaTeJi h n oeT ÜBaH B a 3 0 B , h h c t o /U'Jio e 6 i i j io o i io h c h o o m e o t c'bBpeMeHHHipiTe M y . r o B o p e íiK ii 3a t b o p h c c t b o t o n a IlB a ii B a 3 0 B , n pocj). ^ i i h c k o b x a p a K T e p ii3i ip a rpaM a^HOTo JiiiTepaTypHO iia cJ ieacT B o, 3aBem,aHO o t H e ro , n o c j ie / j im a iia n iiH : «K aT o fliíC , H iH poKo pa3TJiaJi k jio h h H a# 6i.J irapcK aT a 3eMH, T oii e oS xB aH aji c KopeHHTe c h b c h h k h oGjiacTH Ha H am aTa J iH T epaT ypa , ctt>hh ji e b h ch K ara nsnoJiH H , B 'bp xy h h i i t o o r p o M H H ii.Tem ii c e H a r p a d a h h j i o t o ii n o H a - TaTblHHO pa3BH TIie»3 .

K’ bM roJiíiM aTa 3a r y 6 a h 6 oJina Ha Cvh.'írapcKH H napofl; pyM'bHCKaTa n p e c a h c ocT aB a H H flii$ e p e H ra a . B M H oro cn ucaH iiH h b c c t h i ih h HaM iipaMe p e ^ cb o fíiu e iiH H , iia n u ca H ii c ¿i.’w iG ok o c'bHyBCTBiie h iicKpeHH ci.;KaJicHii!i 3a CM-bpTTa Ha B a 3 0 B .

B e c r a iiK « D a c i a » (1 9 2 1 , 2 8 s e p t e m b r ie ) , n y 6jiiiK yB a cTaTiiH 6e3 n o # n n c , B KOHTO c e CbOÓmana c II3BT>HpeflH0 TOOTjJI TOH 3a CMT>pTTa n a « OHapOBaTeJIHIIH h o b o j i i i c t H naH B a 3 0 B » . C T aran T a 3aBT>pniBa c ¿jyM iiTe: B a30B « 6 em e efliiH npH HTeji n a PyM 'hiuiH n e n u c a ji m iT ep ecH ii H em a 3a CTpaHaTa, k o h t o n o BpcM e n a CM iirpaii,im Ta My 0Ka3Ba r 0CT0npiieBCTB0 » .

H a 2 9 . I X . 1 921 r o f l . bt>b BecraH K « D im in e a t a » e noM ecTeH a cT araH Ta Ha B acH Jie CaBOJi. A b to p t> t h c f li .ji6oK o c'hHyBCTBiie ci>o6inaB a 3a CMT>pTTa Ha H b . Ba30B: « T O B a e n iicaT eJ i, oSnnaH ii yBa>KaBaH o t c b o h H a p o /j, k o h t o e BH/KAa.’i b n e r o cBOHTe nannoH aJiH ii B’bíKfleJieHHH. C H ero h c ji i i i i o k o .t c - h h h H3>KiiBaxa pa^ ocT H ii ii n b jra u c eHTycna3T.M BpeM CHa. B TpyflH ii n a co B e t o í í f íe m e fly in aT a Ha p o ^ im a T a c u h ct>c c j i o b o t o c i i oK yp a jK a B ain e n a p o fla ».

3 a CM'bpTTa Ha B a 3 0 B n cbBceM HaKpaTKo 3a TBopnecTBOTO My C b ofím asa ii BCCTHiiK « I d e e a europeaná » (1 9 2 1 , 6 p . 7 6 ) . C'bin.iiHT BecraH K (6 p . 7 7 ) b Ko.noHaTa « R e v is t a s á p t a m ín i i » nofl o6ui,o 3ar;iaBHe De prin stráinátate c b o 6 ui,aBa 3a loS iM en n a UjaHKO U,epKOBCKii n o c jiy n a H 3 0 - t ro fliin m a T a My JiHTepaTypHa fleíiHOCT.

1 « A r h iv a » , Ia?i, b 6 poeBOTe o t m . an pn ji 1922 r . , m . o k t o m b p h 1923 r . nH H y a p n 1931 ro fl.

3 Pagini din istoria contemporaná, Bucureíjti, 1920— 1 9 2 1 ; Din relátale arlislice romino-bulgare, Chi§ináu, 1 9 2 8 ; Monumenle de artá romineascá in Bulgaria, Ia§i, 1931 h ^p.

3 ü o e M u m e n a M e a n B a s o e , b « J Iu m ep a m y p H u o 6 p a 3 u » , Co(})iin, 1957, C T p . 199.

468

PyM'bHCKHHT n o e T H n K O J ia e K p e B e flH H iiy ó .T iiK y iìa b 1 9 2 7 r o f l . b h h k o j ik o nocJieflO B aT eJiH H 6 p o n Ha « V i a t a l i t e r a r à » K p aT K ii 6 &h c )k k h 3 a H eT H p im a G M r a p c K M i i o e T a : H iiK O J ia iì JIiuiiieB1, T . T paH H O B 2 , ,H,h m . /J,c6 c j i b h o b 3 ii A ° P a T a G o4 . H . K p cB eflH H fla B a u K paT K ii 6iiorpa(|m H H W ^ a h h h n o K p a ü H a6"bp30 H anpaB G H a ou,eH K a u à t b o p h c c t b c t o i i m .

TpnM aTa noeTii c a npeflCTaBCHii caM O KaTo c h m b o j i h c t h , y c B o iu i i i noxBaTiiTG Ha c{ipcncKiiTe 11 repMaHCKii c h m b o j ih c t h h h u i u k o j i i i . H o o i ia r h K - HaTO, ho BceKii ot t h x e y cn n ji a « ci>3aaflc hi-iu,o c b o c , opm iiH ajiH O ti ;ia nOCTHTHO BIICOKO MaiìCTOpCTBO li XyflOVKCCTBCHaTa (¡)0|)Ma . J I h j i h c b , H anpH - M ep, «o y cn H J i fla c h CT>3Aafle c b o c H3KycTB0, iiopasiiTOJino h o b o n o i i s k j i i o - HiiTO^HHTe oG paan, cT>3/i,a,neHii ot n e r o , n o T p a m m a T a n 4>aHTac,Ti¡HHa aTMOciJicpa, k o h t o BHacH b 6T>.Tra|)CKaTa JiHTcpaTypa. T o jijim MañcTop u à xyno>KecTBCHaTa $op M a , My3HKa.ien n A iiciip cT cn ». A y T . TpaHHOB « c b o t i i j i t A yx Ha 6T>JirapcKHH ch m bojih 3t> m » co cp em a c «naTpHOTiiHna HOTa, h o i i o b a u i - HaTa na rp a ^ y ca Ha i i c t i i h c k o t o H3KycTBo».

B 1 9 3 0 r . n p o< j). M jin e B T > p 6 y jie cK y n a ^ a B a b f l u ì K H iiraT a c u Istoria literaturii si gramatica limbii bulgare. B h c h c a 3aceraaTii B T .u p ocn o t C T apaT a ó 'b .T ra p cK a J in T e p a T y p a .

H e y M o p H ii TpyjKeH H ii,H b o ó .i a e r r a n a p y mt.i i o -Crwi ra p c k h tu K y jiT y p in i OTHOm enHH CJICfl H b p B a CBCTOBHa BOÌÌHa, HHHTO CTaTHIl n o G p o n li p a 3 H O -0 6 p a 3 iie T 0 H a T C M a ra K a ia c n npnH JiHH aT B m iM a H n e T o , c a J l,. H . M h h h c b ii A j i c K c a H f lp y i ì o p f l a H .

B yB O fla n a G p o in y p a T a cu D in istoria literaturii bulgare ( 1 9 3 2 , 3 2 C T p .) M lIH H eB CT>o6ffl,aBa CT.C 3aflOBOJICTBO, HO B HOCJieflHO BpOMC HpHHTCJICKMTe BpT>3Kn M e * f l y P y M ’bHHH h E 'b J irap H H H cnpcK T>cnaTO ce a a c iu iu a T n b c t o j i h - n a T a H a ^ b o t c ffbp jK aB H c a ce ocH O B a jm B en e flpy>K CCTBa, k o h t o « a p a 6 o T > ir b T an H a c o K a . 3 a 3 a n o f lK p e n n « n o x B a jin a T a i i iu m iia T H iia » , t o ì ì 1133 a Ba C p o m y p a T a c n . B n e a c a noM C C T enii n y C jiH K y B a m i HOOTflaBHa btjB b c c t h h - n iiT e « D o b ro g e a J u n a » h «M a re a N eagra » (ii3 J in 3 a in n b K o n c T a n n a ) h c t o b h CTaTHH, 3 a fla r n H a n p a B it n o - .ie c H O a o c t m i h h 3a H H T e p e cy B a m iiT e c e o t n cT op H H T a Ha 6 i> J ira p cK a T a J in T e p a T y p a . K aTo H 3 n o ji3 y B a M aT epH ajiH o t G tJ ira p cK H J iiiT e p a T y p H ii K p n T iin ii5 , b noconeH aTa p a S o T a M h h h c b p a a r j i e - /Kfla pa3B H T neT O H a frb J ira p cK a T a J in T e p a T y p a n o ncpn oflH . T o ii h o e ci>rjia- ceH c u e p H O flH sa n iiH T a , H a n p a B c n a o t K p -bC T an oB n n e n o B , k o h t o BH>KflaT c a m o « B a o c h o b h h n e p n o f la b p a3B H T n eT 0 11 : C T apa ( o t I X # o X V I I I b . ) n HOBa ( o t X V I I I BeK flo f lH e c ) . M h h h c b n p e f lJ ia r a cJ ieflH aT a n e p iio f lH 3 a n H > i : 1 ) CTapa JinTepaTypa — o t BTopaTa noJioBHHa Ha I X b . flo 1 7 6 2 r . 2 ) j ih t c - p a T y p a T a o t n e p n o .u a Ha BT>3pa>KflaneTO— 1 7 6 2 — 1 8 7 7 11 3 ) HOBa h jiii M O flep u a o t 1 8 7 7 f l o f lH e c .

B CT.in,H0CT M h h h c b He BHacH H H K a K B ii h 3m c h c h h >i b n p e flJ io w e H a n a o t I I c h o b h K p-bCTaH O B n e p H 0 flii3 a n H H . 11 a h c c C ^ J ira p c H a T a J in T e p a T y p a ce A eJin n a flua l'o.'ie.M ii # H J ia : C T apa i i j i h cpeflHOBeKOBH a h H O B a , a J iH T e p a T y -

1 Literatura bulgara, Poetai N. Liliev, nr. 50.2 Poeti bulgari de azi, nr. 61.3 Poeti bulgari contemporani, D. Debeleanov, nr. 64.4 Poefi bulgari contemporani, D. Gabe, nr. 66.6 llH T n p a n ii ca M B . K P B C T A H O B , Bulgara landa voj popolo, B ern , 1918 (H3flanne

Ha ecnepaH To) h E oh h ITeneB, B-b.ieapcKa .lumepamijpa, CoiJiiih , 1930.

469

p a i a OT e i io x a T a n a BT>3pa>KAaHeTo npeflC T aB JiH B a e fliiH o x n o fln ep H O flH T e b pa3BHTHCTo H a n o B a T a J ii iT e p a T y p a 1 .

M h i t o b H 3 6 p oH B a n o 3 H a iiiT 0 J in iiT e n u c a T e j in n n o o T ii h H aK paTK O C B o ò m a B a s a t b o p h c c t b o t o i im . F o B o p n 3 a in i ip o n a T a K y jiT y p n a A e n n o c T Ha G ^ jira p cK iiT O H H T a jiiim a , 3 a 6 ip 3 0 T 0 p a3B H T n e H a flOTCKaTa J i i t T e p a T y p a , h h c 11 'lyvK Ó in ia H H TepeCBT kt>m n p o h 3 b o / jo h h h Ta H a 6 T .:ira p cK a T a j in T e p a - T y p a cc e 3 a c n j i n j i , t h c e npeBe>K,n;a H a M H oro e B p o n e ñ c K i i e 3 im ;i i .

B cjicABainuTe roAiiHii M hh hcb nyfíjiiiKyBa HHJia cep im C T aT im 11 6 p o - niypH ,' K011T0 npecJieflBaT lice CT>maTa u ,e ji— fla 3 a n o3H aH T p y m t>hcK aT a o G in e c T B e n o c T c BT,npocii Ha G uirapcK aTa -T H T c p a T y p a , ^.a p a 3 K p n e T ecH iiT e H C T op iraecK H h K y jiT y p iiH B p 'M K ii c MHHaJioTO u à A B aT a Hapo/i,a. O t tc3H M y p a ô o T H HOKa cn oM eH eM : Càrdie bulgâreçti tipârite in Romlnia 2, Romlnia $i rena§terea bulgara3 ( b H ea c e fla n a T ncTopiraecKH c u e ^ c i i i i ; ! s a 6 T .n ra p iiT e n p e 3 T ypcK O T O p o ò c T B o : BT>CTaHnn, e M iirp a n iiH b PyM T>HiiH , 6paT C K iiH hm ripneM T y K , >KHB0Ta H a 6 T > n rap cK aT a CMiirpanHH b pyMTsHCKiiTe r p a ^ o B e , K yjiT ypH O T O ABHHteHHe e p e # eMiirpau,HHTa, n ep iiO A ira eH n e n a T , y ie S u im it , k h h t h , y xm jin m ,a , k h h > k o b h h u ,ii ii n an p an 0praHii3iipaHeT0 h n p 0 B en < fla H eT 0 Ha 6op6aTa 3a C B oôofla); Poejii Vâcâresti si Gh. Pesakov. . . 4, D in istoria relatiilor romînâ-bulgare. Studii — cârti — documente. I. Activitatea D -lui I . Seliminski in Romlnia 5, fa rina bulgara A na SraÇimir6, Literatura romì- lïeascâ in bulgares t e 7, Ploestiul si renasterea bulgara8, Publicistica bulgara periodica In R om ln ia 9, Citeva Insemnari vechi romlnesti p e càrfile-manu- scrise slavo-bulgare10, Proverbe bulgare11, Scriitori bulgari in Romlnia12, Ra- porturi spirituale romlno-bulgare in secolul al X IX -le a ls, Literatura bulgara de astazi, Considerafiuni generale1*, D in activitatea scriitoarelor bulgare15, Literatura bulgara, Scriitorii si poetii provincieile, Modernismul in literatura bulgara §i fauritorii s a i17, D in liricii bulgari18, B . P. Hajdeu si relatiile romlno-bulgare 19 11 om ;e M H oro A p y m .

J l,. H . M h h h c b ; ;h c c >K iinee b B T >Jirapim ( C o $ h h ) h npoAT>Ji;KaBa a a p a G o T ii l i c e b CT>m,aTa o G jia c T — K y jiT y p m iT e BpT>3Kii Me>KAy A B aTa CT>ceflHH n a p o f la b M ira a jioT O 11 a h o c .

1 B * . I I . f l t lH E K O B , Bt3poxdeHCKu nucamejiu, CoijraH, 19 62 , CTp. 7 . a Hc- mopun Ha ótjizapcKama jium epamypa, C:)(jmH, t . I , 1962 r . (yBofl).

2 « G azeta c à r t i lo r » , P loeçt i, 1935, (ÍV ), nr. 19— 20.3 B u cu reçti, 1936, CTp. 63 .4 l ia n ma.u, 1938, nr. 17— 18.5 H an ma.1 1 , 1937, nr. 1 3 — 14.6 HiiK maM, 1938, nr. 1— 2.7 H an ma.u, 1935, nr. 3 — 4.8 I I an ma.u, 1935, nr. 7— 10.9 IIaK ma.u, 1937, nr. 5 — 7.

10 IIaK ma.u, 1936, nr. 11— 12.11 OT^enna 6 p o m y p a , 1934 (Í6 C Tp.).12 « G a z e t a c à r t ilo r » , 1937, nr. 17— 18.13 IIaK maM, 1936, nr. 5 — 6.14 « R om ìn ia d e la m a re » , C onstan ta , 1934, nr. 14.16 « P r e s a » , C onstan za , 19 34 , nr. 288.16 IIaK maM, 1934, nr. 294.17 « P reocu p à r i literare », B u cu reçti, 1938, nr. 6.18 « G azeta càrtilo r », 1942, nr. 3— 6.19 IlaK ma.u, Í93 9 , nr. 1 1 — 12.

470

CTaTHiiTG Ha AjieK caH flpy ílop ^ a H , fliíJiroro^nnioH GaG-THOTeitap b P y - MTjHCKaTa aKaÔMim Ha nayKiiTe 11 vhhtwi no pywtjHCKii e3im, ca lineami riiaBHO MejK,o;y 1936— 1941 rofl. EflHa nacT o t thx Bene n;nTnpaxMe upn pa3- rJie/K'iane jiHTepaTypHaTa ReimocT Ha hhkoh 6'wirapcKn BT>3po>KAeiinH, pa6oTHJin Ha pyMi>Hci<a TepnTopuH (Dr. Petru Beron f i primal abecedar bulgar, Dobri Voinicov fi Vasile Alexandri).

3a 3apaH<naHOTO Ha S'bJirapcKriH Tearbp toìì Aana flocTa oSranpHH cBeaeniin b paSoTaTa en 1 nceputurile teatrului bulgar In Rominia. Gjioa KaTo n o ^ n e p T a B a roc tonpncmct aoto , KoeTO n a M i i p a fi'hJirapcKa'ra O M i i r p a n n H b

PyMi.HHH n ÒJiaronpnHTHHTe ycJioBiia 3a GoraTa KyjiTypHa flciiiiocT TyK, Aji. HopâH onncBa >KHBOTa Ha B o h h i i k o b ao n^BaneTO My b PyM'bnna b

1864 r . , a CJieA TOBa noApoGHO n flOKyMCHTupaHO npocJieAHBa ijHJiaTa My paGoTa KaTO oeHOBaTCJi H a fruiràpeKOTO TeaTpajiHO ;jcjio n BpT>3KaTa My C pyM'BHCKIIH TeaTT>p.

B C T a T H H T a G. S. Rakovski f i literatura rominà 1, A j í . H o p e a n co o n n T B a

s a A O K a > K e BJiiiHHiieTo H a T o r a B a n r a a T a p y M i > H C K a JiiiTepaTypa BT>pxy T B o p -

q e c T B O T O H a P a K O B C K H : « E f l i i H KpaTijK aHajiH3 u à n o e r a H e c K O T O T B o p n e c T B O

H a T 0 3 H nncaTeji, h h p a 3 K p i i B a h c h o bjuiíihhgto H a C B E p o M o n n a T a p y M ' b H C K a

J i i i T e p a T y p a , o c o G e n o H a B o J i H H T i i H H H y , B . K'bpjioBa h 11. EjinaAe-

P ' b A y J t e c K y . G b m o T a K a b J i n p n K a T a H a P a K O B C K H ' ce H y B C T B y B a a T M O c $ e -

p a T a H a G p a T H T a - n o e T H B ’bKT.pecKy, H a CiixjiHiiy, K p e u n n y n AP-> c cflHa

A y M a H a r e p o n 3 M a , koììto b ro J i H M a c T e n e H e x a p a K T e p e n aa H a n a J i o T O H a

p y M i > H C K a T a n o e T i m a » (cTp. 7). T o n aHaJni3iipa R B e o t C T i i x o T B o p o H H H T a H a

P a K O B C K H ( Ü 03M kt>m podo.iioóya, BbJieapu 3a oceoóoMcd ernie, EhJizapu n

Ilocmbn BbJizapcKu), K a T o n;ina flo 3aK.Tjo'ieHiieTo, n e « h a b c t o h o ca nyjKfln

H a CT>AT>p>KaHiieTO h flopn H a $ o p M a T a , b k o h t o c a n p e ^ a J i n i i o a o G h h n ^ e n

p y M T j H C K H T e n o e T H J],. B o J i H H T i i H H H y n B . K'bpjioBa» (cTp. 3 ) . 2

CTbnocTaBHHeTO, K0eT0 npaBit aBTopT.T Ha CTaTHHTa ho e mhoto yGeflH- TejiHO. IlênTe b cTiixoTBopeHHHTa Ha PaKOBCKH H uà n;nTHpaHHTe aBTopn ca 6jih3kh — 30b 3a GopGa npoTHB poGctboto h ycTpeM kt»m cBoGoâ, — oGane He TpnGBa Aa ce 3a6paBH n eflHaKBHH ncxopiraecKu momoht, b koììto TBopnT n TpiiMaTa noeTii.

A j í . H o p ,n a H n p o c J ie A H B a n a p a j ic j m o n H a y ^ r a a T a n n y G j i n n H C T n r a a

A e Ü H O C T H a P a K O B C K H n E .T X ia A e P T > A y J ie c K y , O T G e JiH S B a n K H mhoto o6iii;h liepT », a ct>hi,o T a K a n B J in H H iie o t c T p a H a Ha p y M 'B H C K H H khhwobhhk in>pxy P a K O B C K H . Eaho n o -bhhm3Te JiH O c p a B H H T e J iH O n p o y n B a n e G n xbt>pjihjio H O B a c B e T J iH H a BT>pxy B i n p o c a .

A jí. MopAaH pa3rJie>KAa jniTepaTypHaxa n oGmecTBena acììhoct na Hb. Ba30B b CTaTHHTa Ivan Vazov In R om inias. B KpaH h ce HaGpoHBaT BCHHKH CTHXOTBOpeHHH, B KOHTO HOeTa CnOMeHaBa Heill,0 3a PyM'hmiH HJIH Jl,o6pyA/Ka. H a hhkoh o t thx e npeAaACHO cbBceM HaKpaTKo C’bA'bp/KanneTO, 6e3 oGa ie Aa ce npaBH KaKT>BTO n Aa e KOMeHTap.

1 « V ia ta R o m ìn e a scà » , 1940, nr. 6, c ip . 5 0 — 63 (0T neqan,K 1941).2 D . B O L IN T IN E A N U , Cea din urmà noaple a lui Mihai cel Mare, Mircea cel Mare

f i solii; V . C Í R L O V A , Rugàciunea.3 « C on v orb ir i lite ra re » , 1940, nr. 7— 12, C T p. 679— 701.

471

B înriuriri rorninesti in literatura si viata bulgarilor1 0CH0BHaTa u,e.i Ha ïloj);iaii e fla npocjieflii pyM’bHO-6'bJirapcKiiTe nojinTiraecKii 11 KyjiTypmi BPT.3KH npe3 BeKOBeTe. T o h ce cm ip a noBene BT>pxy bjihhhhcto Ha pyMi.H- CKHTe nucaTejiii B'tpxy tbopmoctboto Ha ò'bjrrapcKiiTC khhjkobhhhh o t eno- xaTa Ha BT>3paH«flaHeT0. T y n aBTopM co e y n jiìikt>ji flocTa h e bhahji bjikhhiic Ha pyMijHCKaTa JiiiTepaTypa He caMo y PaKOBCKii, Ba30B, BoTeB h K a p a - BeJIOB, a H y AjICKO K0HCTaHTHH0B2.

O t flpyrHTe k h h th h CTaTim uà A ji. flop^an me cnoMCHCM Mihai Viteazul. in folcloml balcanic 3 (fla^emi ca MOKfly sp y ro T o h Tpn 6rbJirapcKif òajiaflH, b k o h to c e B'bariHBa 6op6aTa Ha pyMTiHCKHH BJiafleTeJi npoTHB TypijHTe) ; D in inceputurile Academiei bulgare * ; Les relations culturelles entre les roumains et les slaves du sud, B u cu reçti, 1938, cTp. 109; Romanul lui Ivan Vazov « Nemili nedraghi — Oameni fârâ câpâtîi » 5 ; Prim ul ziar bulgaro-romîn Bâdâçtnost — Viitorul fl9 4 0 , CTp. 1 6 ) ; Macedonia in poezia bulgara (1940, CTp. 16).

EflHa iiacT ot p a ôora T e Ha A j i . ïîop flaH upeflCTaBJiHBaT onitT 3a Hay^Hii H3CJieflBaHim b oôJiacTTa Ha Ô M rapcK aTa JiHTepaTypa, a h m ch h o , bjjimi- hhcto na pyM'bucKaTa jiHTepaTypa BT>pxy frbJirapcKiiTe iiocth ot enoxaTa h a B'bapajKAaHeTO, a flp y ra ch nocTaBH 3a 3aflana fla nonyjiapH 3H pa ô ’bJirapcKaTa JiHTepaTypa b PyM'BHHH.

I lp e 3 30-tc rofliiHH Ha X X bck b pa3JinHHii pyiaraciui bccthhhii h cniicaHHH ce nenaTHT pefl ctb th h , no/j;nHCBaHH ot B . X p u c T y — a p y r aimiBCH Gopeu, 3a pyM’bHO-GwiracKa /jpyîKÔa. CTaTHHTe My pa3KpiiBaT noBene oômecTBenaTa h iioJiiiTiiaecKa AeniiocT Ha hhkoh frbJirapcKH niica- TCJIH, A0K3T0 TBOp'ieCTBOTO HM Ce 3 a CH ra C/bBCeM ôerao . Eto hhkoh o t TC3ir cTaTHH : Hristo Botev si socialista ram ini6, Cu privire la Hristo Botev si la Dobrogeanu-Gherea7, Legâturile dintre D -r N . Russel $i Hristo B otev6, Legâturile Botev — Gherea9, Karavelov10, Vasil Levski11, Contribuai la istorimi miçcârilor libertare in Romlnia ; Cu privire la legâturile Doctorului N . Russel-Sidzilovski cu Botev 12 Idealuri si relatii in literatura bulgara pinâ la 1877 13, Tezaurul poetic al lui Hristo Botev 14, Un mare scriitor

1 * T i m o c u l » , 1 9 4 1 , I I , CTp. 1 0 — 1 9 .

2 3 a A j í . K o i i c T a m - i m o B H o p e a n i y i T i i p a c T a T i i H T a H a E j i e H a E ( j m i M i i y b « P r e o c u -

p à r i l i t e r a r e » , B u c u r e ? t i , 1 9 3 7 , n r . 5 — 6 , C T p . 2 1 6 — 2 2 1 , o 6 a n e t o h H e e p a 3 0 p a j i n p a -

B H J iH O , K a 3 a i iO T O o t h o h . E j i . E (J > T H M iiy n p a B H c p a B u e H i i e M C / K f ly A j í . K o H C T a H T i m o B

o t e f l u a c T p a n a i i II. K p j w r a i i II. JI. K a p a f l w a j i e o t s p y r a , 6 e 3 f l a r o B o p i i T 3 a

B J IIIH H IIH .

3 B u c u r e s j t i , 1 9 3 6 , ( c T p . 2 3 ) . 3 a n - h p B ir in >T n y 6 j i H K y B a H a b « R e v i s t a ¡ s t o r i c a r o -

n f t in á » , n r . I , V , V I , 1 9 3 5 — 1 9 3 6 .

4 « C o n v o r b i r i ¡ i t e r a r e » , B u c u r e ^ t i , 1 9 3 6 (X V I I ) , C T p. 5 5 9 — 5 6 0 .

5 « R e v i s t a F u n d a f i i l o r » , B u c u r e § t i , 1 9 4 2 , n r . 3 , C T p. 7 1 7 .

6 « ¡ j i a n t i e r » , 1 9 3 5 , n r . 4 , C T p . 8 — 9 .

7 /Jan maM, 1 9 3 6 , n r . 1 , r r p . 5 .

8 [Jan ma.u, 1 9 3 6 , n r . 5 , C T p . 6 — 7 .

9 l ian maM. 1 9 3 5 , n r . 5 . c T p . 7 .

10 rían maM, 1 9 3 6 , n r . 7 , C T p . 4 .

1 1 IJa n m a M , 1 9 3 6 , n r . 1 0 — 1 1 , CTp. 1 0 .

12 « A z i » , 1 9 3 6 , n r . 2 3 , CTp. 2 1 6 9 — 2 1 7 3 .

13 « S o c i e t a t e a d e m i m e », C l u j , 1 9 3 5 , n r . 7 — 1 0 .

14 « A d e v á r u l L i t e r a r », 1 9 3 6 , n r . 8 1 4 .

472

al Bulgariei de azi — Anton Strafimirov x, Aspectele sociale ale literaturii bulgare de astazi 2, Literalura bulgara in Romînia 3, Hristo Smìrnenski 4, Un pneten al poporului romin — lordan Iovkov 5 11 f l p .

BacHJie X p n cT y oGane He c e 3a,n0B0JiflBa caw o c HsnpaTeiiHTe 3a n y - SjiHKyBaHe b PyM'BHUH MaTepHaJin. T o i i num e BTjpxy pyMi>HCKaTa jiH Tepa- Typa h npeBeìKfla o t hch h b B t - i r a p u « . B 1934 rob in ia H3JiH3aT KHHìKKaTa M y OnepKU e^pxy pymncKama Jiumepamypa (CoìJ>hh, 2 8 cT p .) 11 npeBOflT>T Ha KOMeflHHTa Conu Leonida fata cu reac\iunea o t 11. J l . KapaA>i<aJic.

T o 3 h T p y j i ; H a B . X p n c T y H 3 B i iK B a B’b 3 X H i i i , e i iu e y f l , . H . M h h h c b ,

k o ì ì t o b c T a T H H T a c u Literatura romîneascâ in Bulgaria8 n u m e : « C u p o M -

H a T a H H H u ,n a T H B a H a B a c n j i e X p n c T y e n o B e ^ e o t n o x B a j i H a . . . I I o s f l p a B J i H -

B a M e flO H H O C T T a H a T 0 3 H 3 a c J iy > K H .i n p o n a r a H f l i i c T H a p y M i> H C K a T a J i H T e p a T y p a

b B 'b J i r a p H H l i n n o H e p 3 a pyM T > H 0 - 6 T > J ir a p c K 0 K y j i T y p u o c Ò J iH H < e H H e » .

K t> m T a 3 i i C T a T H H p e ^ a K U i i f i T a e n p u G a B H J ia a a ó e j i e ì K K a : « M o f l o C n a J i i i T c p a -

T y p H a A e i Ì H O c T p a s B H B a y u a c JJ,. H . M h h h c b , a B T o p H a H a c T O H m a T a C T a T m i . O c b c h r o J ie M H H 6 p o H C T a T H H h n p e B O f l i i o t Ó T > ji r a p c i< a T a J i i i T o p a T y p a t o i ì u n

n o f l H a c H 3 a m > p B i i o t > t h T p y ^ o B C T e : D in istoria literaturii bulgare (19 35 ), Umor bulgar (1 9 3 3 ), Scriitori bulgari. Pagini alese (1934 ) h Proverbe bulgare (19 34 ) ».

B . X p n c T y h R H e c u p o flT > J i> K a B a « a p a ó o T H h f l a f l o n p i m a c H 3 a p a s n p o -

C T p a H C H H e T O h o n o 3 H a B a H C T o H a p y M t H C K a T a J i i i T e p a T y p a b B i J i r a p i i i i .

I I o B H in e H H H T H H T e p e c K 'lm 6 v i r a | ) c n a T a J i i i T c p a T y p a b P y M 'b i n i H c J i e f l

n T > p B a C B C T O B H a B o i i H a n a M i i p a H 3 p a 3 b n y G j i i i K y B a H C T O H a m h o ì k c c t b o M a T e - p u a j i i i , i i 3 n p a m a H n H a n p a B O o t B i a r a p n a B i > p x y i i c T o p i i H T a H a f r b j i r a p - C K a T a J i i i T e p a T y p a , b o p H r H H a j i H i i p a ó o T i i , H 3 J ie 3 J i i i H a p y M T > H C K ii 0 3 H K h

B 3 H a i IH T e jIH IU I o p o i i I ip O B O f l l I .B 1 9 3 6 r o f l i m a H 3 J iH 3 a K H H jK K a T a Nona literatura bulgara o t M b b h

P a a o c j i a B O B , 6 y p > K o a 3 e H J i H T e p a T y p e H n c T o p i i K h K p i m i K , n p e B C f l C H a o t , 3 , . B a T a j n i . / l , n e c 6 i > J i r a p c K a T a M a p K C H H C C K a J i H T e p a T y p H a K p u T i i K a o 'r p i n i a

H a m .J iH O M b . P a ^ o c . i a i i o B K a T o J i H T e p a T y p e H H C T o p H K h K p H T i i K . « M K a T o J i H T e p a T y p e H h c t o p h k , h K a T o K p i i T i i K , t o i i e i i f l e a j i i i c T , «J io p M a J iH C T h y i i a f l i i -

t h h k , ¿ a H a T i i H e H n p i iB T > p jK e H H K u à 6 y p ; K 0 a 3 H 0 - p c a K n i i 0 H i i a T a e c T e T H K a ,

H a K p a f iH O n a K o c T H H J i i i T e p a T y p H H T e q e H H H » 7 .C T a T H H T a H a K o H C T a H T H H P w i 'b ò o B , Literatura bulgara mai noua 8 ,

a o n 'b J i B a H 0 3 H a H i iH T a H a p y M iH C K H H M iiT a T e J i B T > p x y G i i J i r a p c K a T a .Ti n T c p a -

T y p a . K . rT>JiT.6 o B p a 3 r ; i e > K f l a p a 3 B i i T i i e T o h , s a H O H B a H K H o t O c B o 6 o > i< A e H H e T o

r o I Ì B p B a C B O T O B iia B o i i H a , n p e 3 n e p i i o f t a H a B o i Î H a T a h c j i e s h g h .r - h - T b o o i i c ii i i T a H a i i 'b J i i i o e c T e c T B e H a ó o p o a T a M e a c f l y f l - p K . K p 'b C T e B

h n . I I . C j i a B e i Ì K O B n p o T H B M B a H B a 3 0 B . A k o h o i m x a K ])T > C T e B h C j i a B e i i K O B

c u r y p H O m a x a f l a 6 -b f la T ^ p y r i i , 3 a m o T o , c n o p e f l H e r o , c e b o ^ h H 3 o 6 i d ( o G o p G a

1 « A z i » , 1 9 3 6 , n r . 2 5 , C T p. 2 3 4 8 .2 « S o c i e t a t e a d e m ì in e , 1 9 3 5 , n r . 6 , 9 — -10 .3 « g a n t i e r » , 1 9 3 5 , n r . 1 1 , CTp. 1 5 .4 « F l o a r e a d e f o c » , 1 9 3 6 , n r . 2 1 .5 « A d e v à r u l l i t e r a r § i a r t i s t i c » , 1 9 3 7 , c t d . 8 8 2 .6 « G a z e t a c a r t i l o r » , 1 9 3 5 , 1 5 — 3 0 s e p t e m b r i e .7 T . 1 J A H E B , Onurn 3a nepuodusanuuma na ucmopunma Ha noeama Atapcna

Jiumepamypa c.ted OceoôoxdeHuemo, B Cmpanunu. . . , C T p . 7 3 .8 « A r h i v a », I a ? i , 1 9 3 5 , n r . 1 — -2 , C T p. 6 — 2 1 .

473

3a n om o h o b o , M 0flcpH0. A B T o p i > T ce c n H p a H a n e TiiMa h o c t h , p a G o T i u i n

npeflH BoiraaTa: T . TpanHOB, R . ^,e6eJiHHOB, H . JIhjihcb, JI. C t o h h o b h

E m . HonflHMIlTpOB BCHHKH OnpCfleJICHH CaMO K a T O CHMBOJIHCTH, 0(|)0pMeHH nofl BJIHHHHG Ha (J>peHCKHTe CHMBOJIHCTHHHH HIKOJIH. ABTOpi>T IIOflHCpTaBa , He xapaKTcpHOTü 3a noc3HHTa ripean BoiinaTa e OTflajieHaBaneTO Ha noeTa o t HííiBOTa. O t 6T.JirapcKHTe micaTeaii-peajincTH ca pa3rjieflaHii E j i h h üejiHH, 3 - HeMwpoB, T . P atíneB, J1,hm. IIIani M a H O B . rofliiHiiTe npe3 BoiraaTa c ^ f l a - BaT caMo ííopflan H o b k o b . Giiefl BOÜHaTa, nopafln Te>KKHTe m k o h o m i i h g c k h

nocneflimH, flym aTa Ha 6T>JirapHHa ce HaMHpa b HanperHaTOCT, ocoG eno CMJiHa y HHTejinreimHHTa. T h e oSxBaHaTa o t o c o ó c h o flymeBHo cbCTOHHiic, Heno3HaTo 3a noKOJieHiieTO npeflH BoiraaTa.

C n o p o cjiefl c T a T H H T a H a F'bJi'bGoB n3JiH3a T a n a B o o t H B a n I H u i n M a -

h o b 1 , n y f í j i H K y B a H a n a ( J t p e n c K H b c n u c a i m e , h i i o t o h m c h c c e c i > o 6 n j a B a .

r i p e B e ^ e H a e n a p y M ' b H C K H o t M . G i p a n í e .

B yB O fla , noflim caH c HHimiiajiHTO M . S . , c u r y p H O h h k o h o t peflaK T opiiT e n a ciiH caH ueTO (no eflHa CJiyaaiiHOCT iiH iin n a jiiiT e ci>BnaflaT c t h h Ha n p c B o - fla n a ) c e C jia ro fla p n Ha M iixam i C rpa?K e 3a npeB o.ua Ha CTaTHHTa. T h o t i ’o - B a p fl H a eflH a T O H K a o t n p orp a in a T a H a cn u ca H u eT o — 3ano3H aB aH e H a H H Ta- TejniTe My c JiitTepaTypHOTO flBHweHHe b CTpaHHTe, cibceflHH na PyMT>HHH.

CTaTHHTa Ha IIInniMaHOB e Haií-noflpo6HaTa o t bchukh , H3Jie3JiH flo cera b pyjrbHCKHH nenaT. Th ripeflCTaBJiHBa flocTa noflpo6no H3Jio>KeiiHe lia GtJirapcHaTa JinTepaTypa o t naiiciiii HacaM 6e3 npeflCTaBiiTejiiiTe Ha npoJie- TapcKaTa JinTepaTypa.

CTaTHHTa e pa3iuupeHa c 6ejie>KKH, HanpaBenii o t npcBOflana. ,D,aBaT ce CBeflOHiiH sa nepH0flH3aniiHTa na 6i.JirapcKaTa JinTepaTypa h flom>JiHii- TCJIHH flaHHH 3a TBOpHCCTBOTO lia IleiIHO CjiaBCHKOB, T . BjiaÜKOB, A Grpa- uiHMiipoB, H . Í I o b k o b H flp . CBefleHHHTa, flafleHii b Te3ii 6ejie/KKH, CTpa>Ke e B3e;i o t nyfíjiHKyBaHH b P y M T b H H H RiaTepnaJiH ( M i m n e B , KpeBefliiH, B y K y -

i;a), o t CTaTHHTa Ha H . ,H,OHHeB, nyfíjiHKyBaHa b «L a revue bulgare», 6p. 1 , 1 9 3 0 n flp.

E f l H a x y ó a B a C T a T H H , H a n u c a i i a o t h o b c k , n p o H i i K H a T o t ciijihoto h

H C K p e n o JKeJianiie fla n p e f l C T a B H H a p y M T t H C K H H HiiTaTeji S t n r a p c H a T a jiMTcpa-

T y p a T a K a , n e fla cneneJin JiioGoiiTa M y h fla npoSyflii H H T o p e c a M y kt>m H e n , itaTO C ' b m . e B p e M e H H O H 3 K o p e H i i y c T a H O B e H O T O yóe/Kfleime 3a H 30C T a- H ajiocT Ta H a G’bJirapcK aT a J in T ep a T y p a , e CTaTHHTa H a J ly n f lH « C a r a m o i — Scurtáprivire asupra literaturii bulgare moderne 2. A b t o p t > t h e H a n u c a j i T a n a , K a T O n e í i c K p e H H T e M y H y B C T B a n /KeJiaHHH ca flaJin KpitJie H a cjioboto M y .

Ta3ii C T a T H H n0Ji0>KHTejiH0 e flonpnHecjia 3a 3 a c H J i B a H e H a H H T e p e c a kt>m S’b f l r a p c K a T a J i n T e p a T y p a b P y M ' b H H H . P a a G i i p a ce, n e h CaJiBiiHii n o B T a p n

h h k o h rpeiH K ii H a O H e a n , koiito m i r a a T npeflH Hero, 3 a m o T o n t o h ii3hoji-

3 y B a TpyflOBe H a GiJirapcKii 6 y p ; K o a 3 H i i KpHTiinii, B i > n p e K H HHin>fle fla

H e ce c n o M e H a B a T iiM ena iijih CT>HiiHeHiiH.

C a J i B H H H noflnepTaBa, ne pa>KflaHeTO n a S^JirapcHaTa JinTepaTypa, KaKTO n yd.Bi.pnieHCTByBaHeTO Ha 6 M r a p c K H H JiHTepaTypeH e3HK, c a nofl-

IIOMOrHaTII OT BT.HIHHH BJIHHHIIH, CnCnuaJIHO pyCKOTO . OÓaHe HC caMo Hy>KflHTe

1 Literatura búlgara, b C olectia « F a m il ia » , B ucure§ti, 1936 (36 C T p .) .

2 «V ia ^ a R o m ín e a s c á » , 1935, nr. 2, CT p. 98— 101.

474

BJiiiHHHH n o ß n o M a r a T h c h h o t o pa3BiiTiie, a n c a M O T o pa3BiiTiic Ha Ö M r a p c u n n

n a p o A , KOÍÍTO 3 a n a 3 B a e3in<a c h , Tpa/pinmiTe cu, n e c H H T e 11 aereHflHTe c h

BinpeKit 500 roflimiHOTo poöcTBO.Gnefl KaTo ce crnipa Ha IIancnii h TepoB, toìì roBopa 3a GiJirapcKaTa

p e B O J iio n n o ii ir a noe3iiH o t t o 3 i i nepnoA, 3a Baiì-rJiaBHUTe b c b h b upe^c/raBH- t c j i h : T. PaKOBCKii, 4nHTyjiOB, X p . B o t c b , HapeneH o t Hero « suflet mare si genial » («roJiHMa n remiajraa flynia») n AP- T a n noeann «ce OTjmnaBa c peTopiiHHOCT, h o t h H e e JinmeHa o t npeapacmi CTHXOBe, nM nn c Jiupns'bM n CBejKa opiiriiHajiHOCT» (cTp. 93). CjieA OcBofiovKAt'HiieTo ß'wirapcKa'ra jiiiTepaTypa o c i a ß a BHpHa na HaniioHajiHiiTe TpaAim,nii, no CT>meBpeMCHHO TT>pcn n no-c'bB'bpmemi ({io[)Mii. C e r a Haìi-cn.ino BJiHHHne B -b p x y nea ona3Ba pycKaTa JinTepaTypa, oßane G'b.nrapcKaTa JinTepaTypa He saryßßa opnrn- HajmocTTa c u , nncaTejiHTe «He ca paGojienini HMHTaTopn, a iiHTejiiircHTHii ynemmii, ycBOHJin TaiimiTe Ha pycKOTO JinTepaTypHO TBopnecTBo» (c ip . 99).

Ho Tona BpeMe paöoTHT ABaTa hctbhckb remili na CtnrapcKaTa Ayma n H3KycTB0— HBaH Ba30B n neiiHO CnaBeiiKOB. IIpoH3BeAemiH KaTo flndo floi^o zjieda, Edita óbJieapKa, Xaditeti A xuji, ' / moet^u n AP-? cuopeA CajiBH- hii, MoraT Aa CTOHT HapeA c Han-xyßaBiiTe nponsBeAemia Ha eBponencKaTa JinTepaTypa.

K o r a T O roBopn 3a Haiì-xy6aBOTO npon3BeAeiine Ha A ji. K o H C T a H T im o B , KoraTO napiina ÖT^JirapcKiiH KapaAHtaJie, onpeAejiH repoH M y — 6afi T a H b o , KaKTo BCiiHKH APyrH A° cera, KaTo h h c t o HaniionaJieH Tnn. C ajiB H H n roBopn n 3 a HapoAHiiHecTBOTo b ÖMrapcnaTa J in T e p a T y p a , KoeTO cpaimHBa c « miscarea semanätoristä romineascä » (pyirbHCKOTO HapoAHnnecTBo).

CtiiJubt h BtoßpaHieHiieTO Ha Anreji KapaJiiiiÍHeB HanoMiiHT na CajiBnnn pyM’BHCKHHT nncaTeJi Me3ap IIcTpecKy b noBecTTa My Scrisorile unui räze§. AßTop’bT Ha cTaTiiHTa ce cimpa n Ha Apyrn nacaTeJin KaTo JI,. Hcmh- poB, K . neTKaHOB A . CTpamHMHpoB, B ji. IIojihhob H AP- 3a CTjBpeMeimaTa S'bJirapcKa noe3iiH ce Ka3Ba, ho He e TaKa ßoraTa, ho neimnTe nocTii «ca Me*Ay Han-ncKpeHHTe n opiiniHaJimi b Eßpona», 3amoTo «HHMa mKOJin, llMa JIHHHOCTH» (CTp. 101).

CajiBiiHH ce c m i p a H a E m . n o n A H M i i T p o B , T . T p a H H O B , H . JIi i j i h c b .

B C T aTiiHTa ce c n o M e H a ß a n 3a E ji. E a r p H H a n f l o p a T a 6 e K a T o h 3 b c c t h h

il B nyjKßiiHa n o e T e c n , o c o ß e H O irbpßaTa. 3 a n p o J i e T a p c K a T a JiiiTenaTypa

h o ce c n o M e H a ß a h h i h ,o .

O c b c h tiih CTaTini BT>pxy ö - w i r a p c K a T a J i n T e p a T y p a n p e 3 30-Te r o A H H n

H a X X B e K b p y M ' h H C K H H n e n a T ii3.iii3aT n A p y ™ , opnrnnajinii hjih i i p c B O A H H

n p o H H K H a T i i ot B c e c t m a T a c b p A C H H O C T H C H M n a T H H K'i.m ß t J i r a p c K H H n a p o A 1.

CiiHcaHHO « Boabe de griu », h h h t o peAaKTop e E m h j i E y K y n a , cahh n p iu iT O J i Ha BuirapiiH, nenara peA c T a r a n , upeBOAH n choßmeiiMH bt>b Bpi.3Ka c 6i.JirapcKaTa JinTepaTypa n H3KycTBO. B 1930 roAHHa to noMecTBa

1 E L E N A E F T IM IU . Literatura bulgara. « V ia ta R om in ea seá », 1933, nr. 93— 94, CTp. 188— 1 9 3 ; Literatura bulgarà, « L u p t a » , 1934, m . anpHJi Concepii populare in litera- turile slave, « P re o c u p a n lite ra re » , 1940, nr. 4, C T p . 228— 2 3 2 ; Activitatea literarà slavi, nan maM, 1936, nr. 2 , c t d . 125— 1 2 8 ; Aleco Constantinov, nan maM, 1937, nr. 5— 6, C T p .. 416— 421 ; E N R IC O D A M IA N , Il significato di Vazov nella litteratura bulgara « L’Europa orien ta le », englio-agosto, 1933 npeBe,ieu;i b i b « V ia fa R om in ea scà », 1933, nr. 95, C T p . 59 ii « p .

475

KpaTKO ci.o6m,eHMií 3a ripncTiiraaeTo b Byuypem Ha ÓMrapcKHH apaMaTypr Ct. K octob , aa fla ripnci>CTByBa Ha npeMiiepHOTO npeACTaBJieHHe Ha CBoaTa nneca SAamnama m u h ü , npeBeêHa Ha pyM'bHCKii o t B . XpiiCHKy. Peflan- HMHTa H3noji3yBa T0311 cayaait, 3a Aa noAêpTae aaciuiBaHeTO Ha pyMi>Ho- 6'bJirapcKHTe KyjiTypHii OTHOHieHHH.

B 1 9 3 2 r o f l . , n o iiH im n aT U B aT a Ha E m . B y i j y i j a , B aa flH M H p B a c i iJ K B , JiH TepaTypeH k ¡ jh t h k , H 3npam ,a o t B 'bjirapH H cn eH iia jiH a c i a r a n B 'bpxy TBopnecTBOTO n a U . H o b k o b 1 . T a 3i i CTaTHH npH flpyjK aB a npeBO fla n a Hob- k o b f i t o «B en cp H b A h th m o b c k h h x a H » , H anpaBeH o t B . X piiC H K y 11 noM ecTeH b « B o a b e d e griu ».

C nucaH M eTo n yfíjiH K yB a h peA f lp y r i i cbo6iii,eH H H , n a n p iiM ep 3a H3Jio>K- 6 h t c Ha H b . XpHCTOB h TaH eB b B y K y p e m ,, 3a n ocT im eH H H T a n a xyAOiKHHKa B opw c J Ích cb h a P . H 3o6iu ,o Em . B y K y ija rop e iu ,o oflofípH B a n oA o fím i n p oH B ii, T'bii n aT o oftMHHaTa n a o i ih t b o6 jia cT T a n a JiH TepaTypaTa h i i s k y c t b o t o A aiia bt>3MO>khoct Ha HapoflM Te Aa c e ono3H aH T , t . e . fla c e cfijiH>KaT, a apTHCTHTC ca n aM iip a /iu B im a rii iia ii-B eputiH in>T h m i c'bpu,eTO n a H a p o ^ a 2 .

B 1932 roflHHa Pcjiahíhc EyA>i<eH H3flaBa KHiiraTa cu Peregrinári Europene. Bulgaria necunoscutá (165 CTp.) Th npeflCTaBJiHBa hc-hch npimoc 3a 3ano3HaBaHe na pyM'bHHTe c B'bJirapim. B KHHraTa e onticano e p o m>TyBaHe H3 BiiJirapiiH. Abtopt>t cnoMeHaBa 3a BCKOBHaTa Apy?«6a Mewfly ABaTa Hapoâ h KpiiTiiKyBa iHOBiiHiicraMHaTa noJiHTiiKa Ha 6yp>Koa3HHTe p'bKOBOflHTejiH h B abctc cTpaHH. Ot G'bJirapcKHTe noeTii caMO cnoMenaBa 3a X p . B otob , Teo Mhjiob, X p . flceHOB, 3a APaMaTypra K octob h AP- Haii- ro.HHMaTa MacT o t KiniraTa npeACTaBJiíiBa omicaHiie Ha KyjiTypHH naMerannu 11 aa6ejie/K'htcjimi nocTpoiiKii b CoiJhih .

Eahh 6poií Ha cnHcaHHe « Gindirea »3 otacji« 6jih30 neTAeceT roJieMii CTpanHHH Ha 6T>.TirapcKaTa JiHTepaTypa 11 iisKycTBo. TyK HakiipaMe C T a - THHTa Ha T. KoHCTaHTimoB Noua literatura búlgara h rojiHM 6poii npeB O A » o t 6rbJira pcnaTa nposa 11 rjiaBHO c hm b o ji 11 c t h 4 h a noe3im.

CTaTHHTa Ha P . KoHCTanraHOB paarjieH íA a pa 3 B iiraeT 0 Ha Gri>.;irapcKaTa ji iiT e p a T y p a o t H a iic n ií H a c a w . ABTop'bT e ycnH,fi b M H oro c6 iiT a <J)opMa Aa npeflCTaBH OTAeJiHHTe n iica T eJ iii, a® ii3TbKHe cihm ukJhi'ihoto b TBopnecTBOTO HM. II TyK K3KT0 BT>B BCH'IKH CTaTHH A ° C era , HC Ca CIIOMCHaTlI IipeACTaBH- TeJiHTe n a npoJ ieT apcK aT a JiH T epaT ypa.

TpyA B'bpxy G'bJirapcKim (J>oJiKJiop e Haniicaji KoHCTaHTiiH fl>KopA>Ke MyHTeanyji — Literatura poporaná búlgara. Cu 8 planse ajará din text (1940,107 cTp .).

B yBOAHaTa nacT aBTopi/r noAêpTaBa, ne HCKa KHiiraTa My Aa Srbflfi CAHH CKpOMeH npiIHOC 33 yCTaHOBHBaHC H 3aTB"bpAHBaHe Ha npHHTeJlCKIITe BpT>3KH Me>KAy ABaTa HapoAa. Yboa^t hoch AaTa — HoeMBpii, 1935 roAnna.

1 Iordan Iovcov, « B oa b e d e g r iu », nr. 9, c T p . 440 11 cn e /p am irre .2 « B o a b e d e g r iu » , 1934, nr. 3, C T p . 176.3 « G in d ir e a » , B u cu re§ti, 1942, nr. 6, CTp. 284— 327. B ce TyK ca noM ecTenn 11

CTaniHTe Ha S I R A K S K I T N I K , Arla búlgara contemporaná (307— 309), A S E N B A L - K A N S K I , Muzica búlgara, de astázi ( d p . 3 1 2 — 3 1 4 ): A L . P O L IA N O V , Scurlá privire asupra teatrului bulgar (321— 323).

476

IlT.pBaTa ia c T Ha paSoT aTa npeflCTaBJiHBa n p c r jit 'A Ha K y jiT yp H o- HOJllITHHeCKHTO BpT>3KU MeHifly pyMT>HH H 6l>JirapH B MHH&JIOTO. AltTOp'bT 3anoH B a c K y 6 paT b CTnra 30 o c B o 6o>KfleHiieTo o t TypcK O poCcTBO .

Bt>b B T o p a x a n a c T ce r o B o p u H 3 o 6 m o 3a n a p o f l H O T O t b o p h c c t b o , a b T p c T a T a — cn eu ,H a jm o 3a G t J i r a p c K O T O H a p o ^ H o T B o p n e c T B O ( c T p . 45— 85). C j i c a K a T O pa3r.ie?HAa c b B c e M H a K p a T K o n c T o p i i H T a u à 6i.JirapcKaTa ({xw ik jio - pHCTiiKa, aBTopT>T n p e M U H a B a ktjM pa3rJie>KAaHe H a H apoflH aTa n e c c H .

i l T o ii , KaKTO h A p y m , BH/Kâ b h oh H3K.iKmiiTeJiH0 TT>)Kaa n eccH « fa r a u n z im b e t , o g e a n à d e l u m in a » («603 ycM H BK a, 603 jn>q CBeTJiHua»), n o p a ^ u

6e36poiÌH H T e 0611311, H a H e c e H U h i 6'bJirapcKHH napofl o t ìk h b o t b .ToBa TBtpAeHHe Ha K . 3,*c>PA*e MyHTHiiyji He e npamuino.

Tipo#. I I . ¿Jhhckob b Tpyâ c u «ÉbJizapcKU (fioAKJiop» (1 9 5 9 ) ijim ipa flyMHTe Ha eîra rpi>uKH aBTop, Hhhc CTaBpirfliic, koiito KasBa cjioahoto sa rp'bii,- KiiTe Hapo^HH necHii: « M H o r o rpiunu h HyvK/jn H3CJie#BaHii cMHTaT HaraaTa HapoAHa neceH neciiMHCTiiuHa, BH>KftaT b hoh caMO SoJinaTa 11 HtajifiaTa uà Hapoâ, CTpaflam b po6ctbo hjih b Hy/KGrma h ho HCKaT fla npnsnaHT, ho ype3 neceHTa Hapofl’bT ce 6opn aa cboh >khbot h macTiie. HapoflHaTa iiecen roBopH 3a 6ojmaTa n cKpi»6Ta, sa TparnnHocrra Ha >KHBOTa, oco6cho Ha /KCCTOKHH po6cKH ÌKHBOT, HO B HeH HHMa HHTO CaHTHM0HTaJIH31>M, HllTO oTqaHHue: HapoRT/r tbt>p30 h MT>>KecTBCHO r.'iefla b jihucto Ha «eHCTBHTen- HOCTTa»1. H pcxj). ^HHeKOB e HanMHo c^rjiaceH c KasanoTo o t C t8Bph;;hc h CMHTa, »10 HCrOBlIHT II3BOfl MOJKB fla Ce OTHOCC H 30 r)T>JlrapCKHTC HapOAHII n e c H ii 2 .

K . J^HiopflHie M yH TH H yji, CMHTa, n e H a ii-x y 6 aB0T0 , BeJinKCJieiiHOTo, KoeTO e MOHtaJi fla ci>3,naMe 6T>JirapcKiiH napoli; b c b o c t o T B op q ecT B o , TOBa c a xai'm yniK H Te necH H . B ciiK a o t Te3n necHH e «npoHHKHaTa o t o^mh n p e - K p a c e n xyMaHH3i>M, H3Jn>HBa o 6aHC h eflHa HecpaBHiiM a b o j ih , eH ep ru n ir paflocT T a fla c e > k h b cc» (c T p . 83).

H a K p an c a flafleHir b pyMT»HCKH npeBOfl h h k o jik o G 'bJirapcKii H a p o «H » n e cH H .

M a K a p n e ,U,>Kop,n>Ke M y H T n n y J i c u n o c T a B H 3a 3aflana ^ a 3 a n o 3 H a e

p y w b H C K a T a o 6 m e c T B e H o c T c G M r a p c K O T O H a p o f l H O n o e r a n e c K O T B o p n e c T B O ,

toiì H e y c n H B a ,na A a fle m>Jina n B H p H a o i j e H K a 3a H ero. B ce n a n H e r o B u a

T p y n H M a 3 H a H C H i i e n a T O m > p B o n e a i m c T B e H o H3CJicflBaHe b Pyivn>HHH Bi>pxy

Ó M r a p c K i r a (jioJiKJiop. B Ha q a j i O T O H a K H H r a T a e n o M e c T e H O H 3 K a . 3 B a H C H a

ro ae M H H pyivrbHCKH n c T o p n K HriKOJiae H o p r a B t p x y Tpyfla H a K . ¿J'/Kopflwe

M y H T H H y j i . M e > K A y f lpyroTO H o p r a H3TT>KBa: « E c e a dintli p r e z e n t a r e p e

larg a u n u i cintec p o p u l a r b u l g à r e s c care n u n u m a i c a s e a m a n a c u al

nostru, d a r a p a r t i n e in m a r e p a r t e aceleiaî v e c h i rase. A s t à z i naîonalis-

m e l e inver§ unate n u v r e a u sa r e c u n o a s c à aceste inrudiri: v a v e n i o v r e m e ,

c i n d eie se v o r i m p u n e . S e v a v e d e a a t u n c i ce p & c a t a fost c à n e a m u r i care

se c r e d e a u d e o s e b i t e §i m e n i t e sa se d i s t r u g à §i-au v à r s a t singele in deêrt.

D e altfel, fiecare o m e m u l t m a i m u l t §i al ome n i r i i intregi, declt isi d à

s e a m a §i v r e a sa p r i m e a s c à » 3.

1 I lH r a r b T e B aeT o t rpenecnue HapodHue necnu, M ., 1957.2 L(um. cbH., C T p. 262 .3 «ToB a e ntpBOTO i i o ^ p o f in o n p c ;;cT a B H H 0 H a 6 - i.i ir a p c K a T a n a p o ^ n a n e c e n , k o h t o

u è caM O c u n p iu i ip ia c n a m a T a , h o n p i iH a ^ ie )K H b n o - r o j i f iM a T a c h i a c T H a cT>in,aTa

477

l l o f l 3 a r j i a u H C T o c a A a flC H H c t . b c o m K p a T K i i ( i u o r p a i j m H H n f l a m i H h 3 a

a i ì T o j j a . T c 3 m C T H X O T B o p o H H H u c c a H a i i - x y 6 a B H T e , H a H - r i p e 3 C T a B H T C J tH iiT e i i p o H a B o ^ e H i iH O T T B o p n c c T B O T O H a n o e T a - n p o J i e T a p . C n r y p H O n o n ,e H -

3 y p H n n p H H H H H , H e c a ¿ t a ^ e m i c r a x o T B o p e H H H T a , k o i i t o H a i i - n p K o r e o n p e -

/ le J iH T K a T O n o e T u à n p o J i e T a p c K a T a K J i a c a .

B i . n p e K H T O B a T p n Ò B a f l a n p i i 3 H a e M 3 a c . i y r a T a H a B . X p n c T y K a T o i ip i> B n p e B O f l a n H a X p . C iV u ip H e n c K it b P y i m n i n .

A p y r n p e B o / j a n H a ò i j j i r a p c K a T a J i H T e p a T y p a b P y R i i H i i H e ,U ,. H .

M n i i n e B . B 1933 r o f l . t o i ì n y G j r n K y B a a H T O J i o n iH T a Scriitori bulgari. Pagini alese ( . u c c c t p a s n a s a ) 1, a b 1934 Proverbe bulgare, b k o h t o c a c a p a m i h

n o A p e f l C H i i T e M a T H H H O 6 tiJI r a p e k i t n o c j i o B H i j H h c a ^ a / j e u n t o h h h t c x h i i

c b o t b o t c t b h h H a p y M 'L H C K H e 3 H K . B n p e f l r o B o p a M n H n e B H 3 T -b K B a t o j i h m o t o

s n a H e m i e H a c p a B H H T e J iH O T O H 3 y q a B a H e H a H a p o ^ H O T O T B o p n e c T B O H a f i u i - r a p n h p y M T > H H . H o r o B o p K H T e j j a B a T r o J i e M i i b t > 3 m o > k h o c t j i 3 a o n o 3 H a B a n e 6 h t 3 H a H a p o f l a .

M h h h c b e m > p B H H T n p e B O f l a n u à E o T e B b P y M T > H iiH . T o r t e n p e B e J i b

O T ^ e J iH a K H H H iK a 2 f l e B e r a a r t c e T o t H e r o B H T e c T i i x o T B o p e m m b 6 e j i n c T i i x o B e .

A b t o p ' l t H a y B O f la ( K a m d j i H a ) r o B o p n c B 'h3 X H in e H H e 3 a B o t c b — c a i i h

o t H a r t -3 H a H H T e J iH H T e 6 o p m i 3 a o c B o ô o æ f l e H H O T O H a B i > J i r a p H H , h o b c k c

r o .T H M n o e T H * ie H T a j i a H T . T o r t c M i i T a , n e b p y M T > H C K a T a n o e s i i n H H M a b

M O M e H T a T a K i jB f l a p o B H T n o e T , K O Ü TO M O /K C f t a n p e B e ^ e T a K a B o T e B H T e c t h -

X O T B O P O H H H H a p yM T > H C K H e 3 H K , H e T e n o X y ^ O H íe C T B C I ia ( { )O p M a H C b f f B p -

ì K a H i ie f l a o c T a H a T 6 j i i i 3 K O f l o o p i i r a i r a j i a . ^ o T o r a B a , n p e ^ J i a r a T o r t , 3 a c e 3 a f lO B O J i m i c n p e B o ^ a , H a n p a B e H o t M i m n e B .

/ l , H e c H M a M e B e n e c n o J i y H J i i i B i i n p e B O f l i i o c o ñ e H O H a h h k o h o t B o T C B i i T e

C T H X O T B O p e H II H 3 .

I I p i i e^ H o n iiT y B a H e 113 B T>.iirap im M h h h o b c e 3a n o 3H aBa c G 'BJirapcK H íi n o e T E M a n y n J i I I o n f l i iM iiT p o B , k o ü t o M y ^ a B a c 6o p m iK c b o h C T u x oT B op eH H H . M iiH H eB npeB e>K A a T p u T e M y n o e M ii — IIpuna, Emmü h Jlaypa*.

O c B o i i u a ô p o e H i i T e n p e B O ^ i i M i i h h c b e H a n p a B i i . i ^ o c T a a p y r n , n p 'b C H a T i i

113 H a t ì - p a s j i n H H n c n u c a m i n n B e c T H n n i i b C T p a H a T a . E t o h h k o i i o t n p e -

B O f lc H i iT e p a 3 K a 3 i i : Tlenena muxea ( E j i i i h M e J iH H )5 , ycjioeunma na Kunpu- anoG (,11,. K a j n J o B ) 6 , Pedanmop^m ( ^ . I I o n B 'b p 3 a Ti o B ) 7 1 IlaeeJi @epmuayji ( M b . B a 3 0 B ) 8 , MoMuna cbJi3a ( E B r e H i m M a p c ) 9 , Hou huh ejian ( H . , 3 , . f l a H

1 <L>parMeiiT o t p o m a m i « Epamn» ( / [ . H e M iiJ iO B ); C a M o m n a m a eu.tu ( I \ C t s m s t o b ) ; y c A o e u n m a Ha K u n p u a n o e (J{. K aa$O B ); M o a G o (AHren K ap a jn ii’meB) ; J le ceu m a n a j ieô ed a (AiiHa K ap iiM a); ffee npusim e.iK u ( I I b . K n pju ioB ) ; O ò jia iju (Bji. I I o j i h h o b ) ; C-bnpy3u ( O . I Io n o B a ); Heufacmue ( E j i i i h í l e j i i r a ) ; B M op em o Ha M u eo m a ( H o h t o H ji i i e B ) .

2 Dreptate ?i libertate, versuri de Hristo Bolev, in r o m în e ç t e d e D . N . M in c e v , c u o p r e fa t .à d e I o n I o n e s c u -C à p à ( . în & , B u c u r e ç t i , 1 9 3 7 , (6 0 c i p . ) .

3 Antologia poeziei bulgare. B u c u r e ç t i , 1 9 5 6 , CTp. 11 — 2 2 ; Poe{i bulgari. I n r o m î n e ç t e d e V i c t o r T u l b u r e , B u c u r e ç t i , 1 9 6 2 , CTp. 1 5 — 5 4 .

4 Un mare liric bulgar: Emanuil Podpimitrov, « G a z e t a c â r ü l o r », 1 9 3 8 , n r . 9 — 1 1 .5 « G e a n a m à r i i » , C o n s t a n z a , 1 9 3 3 , n r . 1 , CTp. 1 0 — 1 2 .6 ilaK ma.u, n r . 2 , C T p . 1 0 — 1 2 .7 lian max, n r . 6 — 7 ,C T p . 1 3 — 1 4 .8 TI a n m a M , n r . 4 7 — 4 8 .9 « P r e s a » C o n s t a n z a ( 1 9 3 3 , n r . 2 8 5 ) .

480

hob)1, Hememo (I\ KapaiiBaHOB)2, Had nepKoea (IIctko To#opoB) 3, Maunama na AMCuiua, (KajinHa MajniHa) ,4 rbouie AfljKapcKii)6, X pu - 3anmeMu(Xp. Ka3aHfl!KHeB)6, Lfapcmeomo na 3Jiamomo (Eopnc IIInBaneB)7, ìKenama ct>c cunnma poKJin (<I>. II. MyTa<j>oBa)8, Edna Modepua otcena (Kapji BuojieTOB)9 n np.

3a K a n e c T B O T O H a n p e B O A H T e H C K a n o B T o p i i M , n e npeBOfla*n>T e y cnnji

fla H a n p a B H x y 6 a B npeBOfl, K a T o e 3ana3HJi mhcjihtc, o 6 p a 3 H T e , n y B C T B a T a ,

x y M o p a pi t. h. B'bB B c e K H n p eBeflGH p a 3 K a 3 . M n i m e B e HanpaBiiJi h

f l p y m n p e B O ^ H o t S u i r a p c K a T a j i n r e p a T y p a , o 6 a n e H 3 H e p n a T e J i e H aHajin3

H a G o r a x a T a M y flenHOCT H a n p e B O f l a H n nySjinijHCT M o n t e # a ce H a n p a B H b

oTêJieH Tpyfl. C t m o T o T p n 6 B a ^ a 6i>ne H a n p a B e H o n c f l CHHOCTTa H a

B . X p n c T y .

CTeân P o ji , nceBônnM Ha pyM'bHCKnn nncaTen I\ ^nHy, npeBOHtfla 3a m>pBii iit>t Ha pyM’bHCKH e3HK noeMaTa CenmeMepu o t I\ Miuieis10. Ilpe- boat>t e npiiflpyjKeH o t KpaTKa CTaTna 3a nuiBOTa n jinTopaTy photo pa 3 B H - rae Ha MnJieB. O t Hen JMbxaT CHMnaTnn n yBantenne kt>m 6'bJirapcKHH peBO- JiK)H;HOHeH noeT. B itparaaTa 6norpa$HH na MnjieB ca flonycHaTH hìikoh (JiaKTHHecKH rpemKH.

C t. Poji e npeBeji h3ijhjio noeMaTa Ha MnjieB. Tn e B'boflymeBHBajia pyMT>HCKHTe noJiHTHMecKn 3aTBopnnnn o t ¿JocjiTaHa, ranTO npeBO^ e 6 h j i

BHeceH TaM HeJieraJiHO11.Cnncamie «Boabe de grlu» ny6jniityBa HoBKOBHTe Benepu e AnmuMoe-

ckuh xan, npeBeêHn o t B . XpncnKy. B 1940 r . npeBoflam.T rn CT>6iipa b OTfleJIHa KHHJKKa, KOHTO H3JIH3a B flOCTa rOJIHM THpa>K (2000). B CT»mOTO cnncaHue npcBeflCH o t XpncnKy, e n pa3Ka3i»T «/7o otcuiâma» ot l ì . Hobkob.

K a i o c n o M e H e M , n e E j i e H a E y T H M i i y e iipeBejia H a 6pa3dama o t E j i h h n e j i H H 12, H a y n E y ^ a t e H — Fepai\ume o t c ^ m u n a B T o p 13, ii II. O j i T e a H y

C T H X 0 T B 0 p e H H e T 0 H eu o t X p . B o t c b , K o e T o e n p n # p y > K H J i c K p a T K H 6 n o -

r p a ^ i i H H H flaHHii 3a n o e T a 14, C M H T a M e , n e c m o 0 T 6 e j m 3 a j i n H M e H a T a H a n o H T H

b c i w k h n p e B o ^ a n n H a H O B a T a 6i>JirapcKa J i n T e p a T y p a b P y M T > n n H # o 1 9 4 4

r o f l H H a . C n n c a m i e «Gìndirea»15 n o M e c T B a n p e B O f l n o t p a a J i n n H n 6rbJirapcKn

niicaTeJin n noeTii, h o h h t o eflim o t t h x H e h o c h h m c t o u à n p e B O f l a n a c n.

1 IIaK maM, 1 9 3 4 , n r . 2 8 9 — 2 9 0 .

2 « R o m tn ia d e la m a r e » , C o n s t a la , 1934, nr. 7.3 n a n maM, 1 9 3 4 , n r . 1 1 .

4 n an maM, 1934, nr. 12.6 IIaK maM, 1 9 3 4 , n r . 1 6 .

6 HaK maM, 1 9 3 4 , n r . 2 0 .

7 « R e v is ta D ob rog ea n à », C o n s t a la , 1936, nr. 4— 5.8 « C ron ica literarà » , C o n s t a la , 1937, nr. IV .9 « F lam u ra », B u cu resti, 1938, nr. 7— -8.

10 Geo Milev, un poet al avangardei din Bulgaria, « E ra n ou à. R e v is tà lu n ara de f i lo so fie , litera tu rà , ? tiin }à », 1936, nr. 2. C T p . 73— 81.

11 B at. H . Ò y P H A H ^ J K H E B , Cpeufu c pyMhHCKume nucameAu, b B ’bAzapcnu nucameAU e lOzocAaeun u PyM'hHun, CocjìHii, 1 9 45 , c i p . 63 .

12 « V ia ta R om in ea scà », 1933, nr. 94, CTp. 132.13 « F a m il ia » , 1936.14 «M a c e d o n ia » , 1932, nr. 3— 4 CTp. 47.15 « G in d irea », 1942, nr. 6, CTp. 284— 327.

31 - « . 650 481

★

HacTOHmaTa pafíoTa He H3nepnBa Ham>jiHo cbmecTByBamHH MaTepiiajr no pa3npocTpaHeHHeTO Ha 6i.JirapcKaTa JiiiTepaTypa b PyM'bHiiH 30 19441. O t H3HeceHOTO «o TyK CTaBa hcho, ne #0 OcBo6o>KfleHneTO Han-3HaHHTejiHaTa nacT o t 6T>JirapcKaTa B'MpojKfleHCKa JiHTepaTypa e ei>3flafleHa b PyMi>HHH. Th He e no3HaTa Ha pyMtHHTe, n>H KaTO no^Tii He ca npaBeHH npeBo^n o t Hen, hhto m.K e nncaHO Hemo 3a Hea. Cjie^ 0cB060>K3eHHeT0 30 HbpBa CBeTOBHa BoiiHa KpuTHHecKHTe MaTepnaJiH h 0C06eH0 npeBOfliiTe ca c'bBT.pmeHO najiKo. Cjie# BoÜHaTa HHTepecbT kt>m 6'b.nrapcKaTa JiiiTepaTypa pacTe 3aeflHO c raacoBeTe 3a cfíjiHJKeHHe Me>K/íy jjBaTa Hapo/ja. IIpeBOflHTe ce yBeJiHTOBaT 3HaHHTeJiHO. Te o6ane flamen He flaBaT nuraa KapTHHa Ha 6'b.nrapcKaTa JiHTe- paTypa 30 1944 roflHHa. üpeBefleHHTe npoii3BefleHHH, KaKTo ce BHjKâ o t HanpaBeHOTO H3Ji0>KeHH0 b HacToani,aTa pafíoTa, ca C'bB’bpineHo HeflocTa- tt>hhh h b hhkoh cjiynan HecnoJiyHJiHBO noftfípaHH, 3a 3a MoraT 3a flaâT HCHa npeflCTaBa Ha pyM’tncKHíi HHTaTeJi 3a 60raTCTB0T0 h nocTHJKeHHHTa Ha 6T.JirapcKaTa nporpecHBHa h fleMOKpaTHHHa JiHTepaTypa. HanpiiMep o t ÜBaH B a 30B ca npeBefleHH caMo poMaHT>T II od ueomo b cbKpaTeH bh/i;, noBecTTa My HeMUJiu-nedpaau h hhkojiko pa3Ka3a, o tE ji . IleJiHH— noBecTTa repaiûme 11 TpH-neTHpH pa3Ka3a h to He ot Hañ-xy6aBHTe, o t A jí . KoHCTaHTHHOB— caMo qacT ot E aü r a m o , o t Hobkob — Beuepu e AuntuMoecnua xan h ^Ba pa3Ka3a. Ot flpyrn nitcaTejra — no e^HH hjih Han-MHoro flBa pa3Ka3a, cjiyârao H36paHH. O t noe3HHTa — cTuxoTBopeHHHTa Ha BoTeB ca npeBe- fleHH b 6ejin cTiixoBe, a Ba30B e no3HaT caMo c ^Be-TpH cTiixoTBopeHHH, hhto eflHO o t CTHxocSiipnaTa My Enonesi na 3a6paeenume. IIpojieTapciíaTa noe3HH ci>mo e npe^cTaBeHa cjiaSo — caMo c noeMaTa «CenTeMBpn» ot T. MnJieBII HHKOJIKO CTHXOTBOpeHHH OT X p . CMHpHeHCKH. IIpeBOflaHeCKaTa flCHHOCT e GiiJia npeflocTaBeHa na nacraaTa iiHimiiaTiiBa, npcBo^nTe ca npaBeHH ot x o p a c n o -ro J iH M a hjih no-MajiKa noflroTOBKa b Ta3ii oSnacT. KpiiTHHHHTe CTaTini npe#CTaBHT Hen'bJmo 11 noHiiHKora Ha eflHOCTpaHHHBO 6i>jirapcKaTa jiHTeparypa. Ha mhoto MecTa iiMa f l o n y c H a r a rpeniKH o r (JmKTHnecKO h HfleHHO eCTeCTBO.

Bciihkh Te3ii npa3HOTii B pa3np0CTpaHeHiieT0 Ha ÓMrapcKaTa jiiitc- p a T y p a b PyM’bHHH 30 1944 roflHHa qaKaT flHec paspememieTo cu . Bene e H3BT.pmeno cpaBHHTeJiHO mhoto b Ta3H nacoKa, 0C06eH0 b ofíjiacTTa Ha npe- BOflHTe.

1 H 3K a 3B ;»M e 6 jia r0 fla p H 0 C T H a c a y w ó a T a 3a H a y q H O -flO K y M e u in p a H e n p t i B i i S j i i i o TCKaTa H a PyM T.H c.K aTa aKaflCMHH n a u a y K H T e , k o h t o c t o t o b i i o c t H n n o cT a B H H a p a 3 n o j io w e H H e cb 6paHaTa o t He« b i b B p r a ic a c T e M a ia h h 6H6nH orpa$HH, k o h t o h h nonM HHXMe 3HarareJiH0. B-bJirapcKara j iH T e p a r y p a b P y M 7 .n i i í i cnefl 1944 r . m e 6i>« pasrjieA aaa b O T fle .iH a CTaTHH.

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