Mmc Seminar

8/3/2019 Mmc Seminar

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An edifice or place full of intricate passageways whichrender it difficult to find the way from the

interior to the entrance



“SUBSTANCE ABUSE:Exploring through the

Labyrinth of Addiction”

DR. VITTORIO M. VICENTE JR .



ABUSE DEPENDENCE



ABUS E Using a drug in away that isinconsistent with

medical or socialnorms anddespite negativeconsequences.



DEPEND ENCEToleranceWithdrawalInability to stopSocial and

occupational

Problems



HOW DO WEGET

ADDICTED?



ETIOLOGY

BIOLOGICAL

PSYCHOLOGICALSOCIAL



BIOLOGICAL



PSYCHOLOGICAL

• Depression• Inability to Cope• Antisocial Personality



SOCIAL• Peer Influence• Dysfunctional Family Dynamics•

Cultural factors• Social attitudes• Laws• Cost and availability



VTA

DOPAMINE

Nucleus Accumbens

Tolerance

ADDICTION

SUBSTANCEBIOLOGICAL

PSYCHOLOGICAL

SOCIAL

PLEASURE

ABUSE



DSM lists of Diagnostic Classesof Substance Abuse

1. Alcohol2. Amphetamines3. Caffeine4. Cannabis5. Cocaine6. Hallucinogens7. Inhalants8. Nicotine9. Opioids10.PCP11.Sedatives, Hypnotics or Anxiolytics



MORE!



ALCOHOL

• CNS DEPRESSANT• Initially, RELAXATION

and DISINHIBITIONS



INTOXICATION

• Lack of coordination• Aggressiveness• Slurred Speech• Impaired Judgment• No Memory “Blackouts” • Gait is unsteady



OVERDOSE OR EXCESSIVEALCOHOL



LONG TERM ALCOHOL USE

Wern ic ke’s Encephalopathy W. Korsakoff’s Psychosis

Management: Thiamine



WITHDRAWAL• Symptoms usually

begins 4 – 12 Hrs.

• Peak: 2 nd day

• Autonomichyperactivity

– Increase PR, BP, RR

and TEMP• Coarse Hand

tremors • Insomnia• Anxiety• Nausea



SEVERE/UNTREATED

D elirium T remen S

Management: BENZODIAZEPINES



Disulfiram (ANTABUSE) • DETERS client from drinking

alcohol



DISULFIRAM REACTION• Flushing• A Throbbing headache•

Nausea• Sweating• Severe hypotension• Confusion• Coma• Death



SEDATIVES, HYPNOTICS, AND ANXIOLYTICS

• Benzodiazepines• Barbiturates



OPIOIDS/NARCOTICS



ANALGESIA

EUPHORIA



MANAGEMENT• Naloxone

(NARCAN) • Nalorphine (nalline)



Withdrawal

• Early: Yawning, Rhinorrhea, Gooseflesh,Tearing

• Late: Muscle Spasm, Back pain

• MANAGEMENT:

– Methadone (dolophine)



INHALANTS



NYSTAGMUS

BAD BREATH



STIMULANTS• Amphetamines/Methamphetamines• COCAINE



Amphetamine Therapeutic?



COCAINENASAL SEPTUM

PERF ORAT ION



FORMICATION



OVERDOSE• Arrhythmia and Respiratory Collapse • Seizures•

Coma• Death



HALLUCINOGENS

“Psychotomimetics” “Psychedelics”



CLASSIFICATION

Natural• Mescaline (peyote)• Psilocybin• Marijuana

Artificial• LSD• PCP



CANNABIS SATIVA• Is an Indian hemp

plant• Hashish



• Tetrahydrocannabinol Changed into metabolites and stored in fatty

tissuesRemains in the body up to 6 weeks



Laughing TripFood trip

Red Eyes



PSYCHOTHERAPEUTICMANAGEMENT



TNPR•

Education • Dispel the following myths and

misconception•

“it’s a matter of will power” • “I can’t be an Alcoholic if I only

drink beer on weekends” • “I can learn to use drugs

socially” • “I’m okay now; I could handle

using once in a while”



• Any alcohol can be abused• Prescribed medications can be an

abused substance• Continued participation in a

aftercare program is important

• Addressing family issues



Addressing family issues – FAMILY ILLNESS – CODEPENDENCE

• Promoting coping skills• Focus on here and now

with clients



PHARMACOLOGIC TREATMENT

• TWO main Purposes – To permit safe withdrawal – To prevent relapse



MILIEU• Safety

– Drug free environment• Structure

– Active meaningful schedule providefor less downtime

• Limit setting



LIFE IS BEAUTIFUL….



Why waste it?



THANK YOU!!!!



ECSTASY (MDMA)

Mmc Seminar

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