Industrie Plastiche Lombarde S.p.A. Sede Sociale e Uffici C.C.I.A.A. di Varese n. 137571 - M.

VA006166 Via Leonardo da Vinci, 13 c - 21023 Besozzo (VA) - Italy Registro Società n

10140 Tribunale di Varese Tel. 0332/770252 - Telefax 0332/770363 Capitale Sociale : 625.000 €

sito Internet http://www.ipl.it Codice Fiscale e Partita IVA 00413650128

Rev. 02 30Aprile 2013 1

Directive 94/9/EC and 99/92/EC

ATEX (ATmospheres Explosibles)

In the case of products intended to be used in potentially

explosive atmospheres

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The Directive Directive 94/9/EC, better know as ATEX (Atmospheres Explosible) entered in force on 01.03.1996 and became mandatory on 1 July 2003 for all European Union countries. It regards equipment and protective systems intended for use in potencially explosive atmospheres In addition to Directive 94/9/EC, there is also 99/92/EC for improving the safety and health protection of workers potencially at risk from explosive atmospheres.

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Directive 94/9/EC includes equipment, production plants, alone or in combination, intended to be used in "areas" classified as hazardous, and protective systems used to limit or avoid explosions. Among the innovative aspects of the Directive, which covers all types of explosion risks (electric or not), should be emphasized: 1. The introduction of essential health and safety requirements. 2. The applicability to materials for either mining and surface. 3. The extension of the Directive to mechanical equipment, hydraulic and pneumatic, and not only electrical equipment. 4. The classification of equipment into categories depending on the type of protection guaranteed. 5. The monitoring of production based on Quality System.

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Directive 94/9/EC classifies equipments and application areas: - GROUPS I, IIA, IIB, IIC, III, IIIA, IIIB, IIIC (groups are defined in relation to the explosive product type) - Installation AREAS 0, 1, 2, 20, 21 and 22 Regarding “AREAS”: Area 0 -1 - 2: presence of gas in the atmosphere Area 20 - 21 - 22: presence of dust in the atmosphere For example, if we consider just the areas where there is a presence of dust: Area 20: A place where an explosive atmosphere is permanently present in the form of a cloud of combustible dust Area 21: Area where is likely to occur the formation of an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust Zone 22: A place where is not probable the formation of an explosive atmosphere in the form of a cloud of combustible dust or, if it occurs, it is only for a short duration. The designer, the constructor, installer of the equipment must evaluate technical and application requirements of the product according to the area of risk.

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Here are some examples for some industrial areas that can be classified as hazardous: - Iron and steel industries - Chemical industry - Pharmaceutical industry - Oil Industries - Equipment for grain storage (silos) - Mills, feed mills, bakeries and food industries in general - Manufacture of paper, wood industry, etc.. - Air filtration and air treatment

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Directive 94/9/EC contains Technical rules and describes the general requirements. Technical rules EN (mandatory rules) specify in more details the method and the basic requirements for designing, construction, testing execution and marking of equipment intended to be used in potentially explosive atmospheres. Technical rules IEC (International Electro technical Commission): IEC 60079-0, Explosive atmospheres - Part 0: General requirements IEC 60079-10-1 Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-1: Classification of areas - Explosive gas atmospheres IEC 60079-10-2 Explosive atmospheres - Part 10-2: Classification of areas - combustible dust atmospheres The technical rules EN (mandatory rules) are drawn mostly by the Technical Committee CEN / TC 305, within the mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 94 / 9/EC. The Technical rules ICE are prepared by IEC Technical Committee TC 31/101 (International Electro technical Commission) and recently have been harmonized as EN

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In addition to the Technical rules mentioned above, the Directive 94/9/EC contains also some: "Guidelines Rules" - The guidelines rules provide information, recommendations for designing, implementation and verification of equipment / plant - Guidelines rules compliance is not mandatory (it is not a legally binding norm), however, if these Guidelines rules are applied, it constitutes an added value.

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GUIDELINES RULES

Germany

TRBS 2153:2009 , Preventing risks of ignition due to electrostatic charges

EC CENELEC TR 50404:2003, Electrostatics Code of practice for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity

Italy CEI CLC/TR 50504:2003 Electrostatics Code of practice for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity

Japan JNIOSH TR 42, Recommendations for Requirements for avoiding Electrostatic Hazards in Industry (2007)

UK BS 5958, Parts 1 and 2:1991, Control of undesirable static electricity

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GUIDELINE RULES

International contest Two guideline rules are about to be planned (New Work Item Proposal CDs) and these two new guidelines will provide a secure basis for the sector:

IEC 60079-XX-1 Esplosive atmosphere, Part XX-1:Electrostatichazards Guidance.

IEC 60079-YY-2 Esplosive atmosphere, Part YY-2: Electrostatic hazard Tests. This is an on going project, therefore these two guidelines have not been discussed yet or approved , so that are not in force! It is interesting to note that this Guidance, under development, make reference to a better harmonization on classification and testing of the ducting and hoses. It takes in consideration: - ISO 8031 Rubber and plastics hoses and hoses assemblies Determination of electrical resistance.

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GUIDELINE RULES

ISO 8031 Rubber and plastics hoses and hoses assemblies

Determination of electrical resistance.

This guidance is already applied by IPL and it establishes testing methods in order to determinate the electrical properties of the ducting assembled or not. Moreover this guidance provides a chart/table for the classification of the ducting considering the electrical properties and the limits of electrical resistance.

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GUIDELINE RULES

TRBS 2153 (Germany) Paragraph 4.9.4 Hose Regulation mentioned in our spec sheet , when we suggest to earth the spiral or the copper wire Conductive hose [Ω] Resistance R ≤ 103 Ohm/m

Dissipative hose [Ω] Resistance 103 ≤ R ≤ 106 Ohm/m

Hose with electrically bonded helix or copper wire [M]

Resistance R ≤ 102 Ohm/m * Insulating hose Resistance R ≥ 106 Ohm/m

*) Spiral pitch < 30 mm, layer of material (Polyurethane) above the spiral ≤ 2 mm

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GUIDELINE RULES

CENELEC TR 50404 (EC) Paragraph 5.5.5 Flexible Hoses Semi-conductive Hoses Resistance 103 ≤ R ≤ 106 Ohm/m

Conductive Hose (with conducting bonding wires or helix)

Resistance R ≤ 103 Ohm/m Non-conductive Hose Not capable of dissipating electrostatic

charges

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IPL ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF FLEXIBLE HOSES AND DUCTING – TEST METHOD ISO 8031

All types of ducting with a steel helix or a coppered wire: if these elements are connected with conductive metal fittings, they are : Continuous Electrically bonded Grade M Resistance R ≤ 102 Ohm/m Resistance R ≤ 102 Ohm/assembly (end to end) Electrical Resistance is expressed in Ohm/m or Ohm/assembly if the ducting is assembled. All type with a steel helix All type with a copper wire Electrically bonded hoses are produced with no-conductive material, but they incorporate a conductive element (steel helix or copper wire). These products are desiged to prevent static charges. The electrical continuity is granted by the wire or the steel helix connected to the metallic fittings.

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IPL ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF FLEXIBLE HOSES AND DUCTING – TEST METHOD ISO 8031

all types of ducting made from antistatic material are: Antistatic Grade Ω Resistance R range : 103 ≤ R ≤ 108 Ohm/meter (end to end) Electrical Resistance is expressed in Ohm/m or Ohm/assembly if the ducting is assembled. Vulcano PU H 09 antistatic, Vulcano PU HDS 15 antistatic. Vulcano PU 09 EL and Vulcano PU 15 EL : 104 ≤ R ≤ 108 Ohm/meter (end to end) Antistatic hoses are produced with antistatic material. These products have a medium Electrical Resistance, which is good enough to dissipate static charges. They ensure a good protection when they are connected with metallic fittings. During the use the connection between the hose and the fittings should be constantly monitored.

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IPL ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE OF FLEXIBLE HOSES AND DUCTING – TEST METHOD ISO 8031

all types of ducting made from insulating materials: Insulating hose No Grade Resistance R >1011 Ohm/m Resistance R >1011 Ohm/assembly (end to end) Electrical Resistance is expressed in Ohm/m or Ohm/assembly if the ducting is assembled Insulating hoses are produced with no-conducting and not antistatic material. These products are not capable to dissipate static charges, thus they are not recommended in dangerous environment with explosive atmospheres.

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Please consider as follow: In the case of a hose/ducting assembled, the ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE is always considered to be related to the end to end of the fittings end-to-end resistance [Ω/assembly] end-to-end electrical bonding (continuity) [Ω/assembly] In the case of a hose/ ducting not assembled the ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE is always considered to be related to the free ends end-to-end resistance [Ω/meter] end-to-end electrical bonding (continuity) [Ω/meter] The conductive elements inserted in the hose/ ducting are: couplings /fittings hose clips reinforcing helixes, copper wire

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