Digital Fabrication & Fab Labs

Massimo Menichinelli

---------------------------------------------------------------------------FabCamp Torino29 Ottobre 2011FabLab Italia - Stazione Futuro – Officine Grandi RiparazioniTorino

Presentazione online su:http://www.slideshare.net/openp2pdesign

Cosa é la Digital Fabrication (o Fabbing) ed un Fab Lab?

Fab Lab: MIT + Neil Gershenfeld

http://cba.mit.edu/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Gershenfeld

Bit + atomi = informazione + materia

http://fablab.waag.org/node/3847

01. Computer collegati a macchine

http://www.google.com/patents?id=rRpqAAAAEBAJ&printsec=drawing&zoom=4#v=onepage&q&f=false

02. Macchine che creano macchine

http://www.reprap.org/

03. Materiali con codice incorporato

http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/LEGO

04. Materiali con programma incorporato

http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribosoma

Anche IDEO ci sta pensando!

http://www.fastcompany.com/biomimicry/training-bacteria-to-grow-consumer-goods

Ma nel 2011 ci sono:

Taglio laserFresa CNC(da tavolo)

Stampa 3D

Fresa CNC(grande)

Macchina cucito e

ricamo digitale

Plotter taglio vinile

Scanner 3D

Arduino

“Democratizzazione” del Fabbing

http://www.origo3dprinting.com/

Ed il Fabbing diventa famoso

http://www.wired.com/magazine/2010/01/ff_newrevolution/http://econ.st/tnr97E

Fabbing + spazio + collaborazione = Fab Lab

http://www.flickr.com/photos/protospace/5199454304/

Caratteristiche di un Fab Lab

Un Fab Lab, per essere tale, deve:

* garantire l'accesso pubblico al fab lab* sottoscrivere la fab lab charter* condividere lo stesso tipo di strumenti e processi* partecipare nella rete globale dei fab lab

http://wiki.fablab.is/w/index.php?title=ConditionsForFabLabLabel

Fab Charter

* Mission: fab labs are a global network of local labs, enabling invention by providing access for individuals to tools for digital fabrication.

* Access: you can use the fab lab to make almost anything (that doesn't hurt anyone); you must learn to do it yourself, and you must share use of the lab with other uses and users

* Education: training in the fab lab is based on doing projects and learning from peers; you're expected to contribute to documentation and instruction

* Responsibility: you're responsible for:

* safety: knowing how to work without hurting people or machines

* cleaning up: leaving the lab cleaner than you found it

* operations: assisting with maintaining, repairing, and reporting on tools, supplies, and incidents

* Secrecy: designs and processes developed in fab labs must remain available for individual use although intellectual property can be protected however you choose

* Business: commercial activities can be incubated in fab labs but they must not conflict with open access, they should grow beyond rather than within the lab, and they are expected to beneft the inventors, labs, and networks that contribute to their success.

August 30, 2007

http://fab.cba.mit.edu/about/charter/

Fab Charter (Amsterdam, Olanda)

http://fablab.waag.org/archive/fabcharter

Fabn : la riunione annuale

http://fab7.pe/

Fab Academy

http://fabacademy.org/

The International Fab Lab Association

http://fablabinternational.blogspot.com/

Fab Lab Amsterdam (Olanda)

http://fablab.waag.org/http://www.flickr.com/photos/37873897@N06/4973326149/

Mini Fab Lab (Utrecht, Olanda)

http://web.me.com/bartbakker/saguaro/Mini_FabLab.html

Mobile Fab Lab

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_fab_lab

Fab Lab Afghanistan (Jalalabad, Afghanistan)

http://www.fablab.af/

Fing: Fab Lab Squared (Parigi, Francia)

http://fablabsquared.org/

FabLab Barcelona (Spagna)

http://fablabbcn.org/

Un Fab Lab per l'architettura

http://www.iaac.net/

Un Fab Lab per l'architettura

http://www.fablabhouse.com/

L'influenza del contesto sul Fab Lab

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_Batlló

Green FabLab Barcelona

http://greenfablab.org/

Il futuro: Barcelona FabCity

“Toni Vives [...], Head of the Department the Urban Habitat in the Ofce of the Mayor of Barcelona and member of the IAAC Board of Directors, presented the city’s plan to become a “Fab City” with multiple Fab Labs in neighborhoods around Barcelona.”

http://www.iaacblog.com/blog/2011/iaac-at-fab-7-in-lima-peru/

… ed un centro di DIY / riparazioni

http://reparatmillorquenou.blogspot.com/http://bit.ly/uK5ZhH

Fab Lab e Brand: no trademark (per ora)

http://fab.cba.mit.edu/about/logos/index.html

Fab Lab e Brand: una possibile strategia?

http://www.flickr.com/photos/journal-du-design/3895643669/

Absolut Lab (Madrid, Spagna)

http://www.franciscosegarra.com/absolut-lab-proyecto-interiorismo/

Absolut Lab (Madrid, Spagna)

Ma esistono solo i Fab Lab?

Ponoko (Nuova Zelanda)

Source: http://www.ponoko.com

http://www.ponoko.com

Shapeways (Olanda)

Source: http://www.shapeways.com

http://www.shapeways.com

Hackerspace / Makerspace

http://hackerspaces.org/wiki/List_of_Hacker_Spaces

Sewing Café

http://www.thesewingcafe.co.uk/

Techshop

http://techshop.ws/

100k Garages (USA)

http://www.100kgarages.com/fabbers/map

Seoul (Corea del Sud)

Living Labs (USA, Europa)

http://www.openlivinglabs.eu/

A cosa serve un Fab Lab?

Uno spazio per il DIY

Foto: Scott Beale / Laughing Squid http://laughingsquid.comhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/laughingsquid/133324021/

Modificare prodotti esistenti

http://www.ikeahackers.net/

Design o Architettura Generativa

Not only for Open Design! Even for Generative Design, Mass-customisation, ...

Source: http://www.platform-net.com/

http://www.n-e-r-v-o-u-s.com/

Mass Customization

http://nikeid.nike.com/nikeid/

Concorsi di (Open) Design

http://unlimiteddesigncontest.org/

Sviluppare prodotti e servizi (open)

http://wiki.openmoko.org/wiki/Main_Page

Open: Hardware, Software, Design

http://www.buglabs.net/

BugLabs + Ford

http://www.buglabs.net/ford-buglabs

Open Design: (quasi) giá un successo

http://craphound.com/makers/download/

Open Design: (quasi) giá un successo

http://opendesignnow.org/http://www.droog.com/projects/events/design-for-download/http://www.droog.com/blog/category/design-for-download-2/

Open Design: (quasi) giá un successo

http://www.instructables.com/community/Instructables-Joins-Autodesk/http://techcrunch.com/2011/08/01/autodesk-acquires-diy-community-instructables/

Open Design: (quasi) giá un successo

Source: http://www.123dapp.com/

http://www.123dapp.com/

Perché aprire un Fab Lab?

I designer si possono autoprodurre

http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1104350651/tiktok-lunatik-multi-touch-watch-kits

Sostenibilitá e rilocalizzazione

http://www.sourcemap.com

Il tipico processo (chiuso) di sviluppo

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_Microsoft_Windows

Ed uno Open!!!

http://futurist.se/gldt/

Open Hardware: un mercato in crescita

Ardu

ino

Liqu

idw

are

Chum

by

Adaf

ruit

BugL

abs

Spar

kfun

Make

rbot

Make

rShe

d

DIY

Dron

es

Seee

d St

udio

s

$0

$1.000.000

$2.000.000

$3.000.000

$4.000.000

$5.000.000

$6.000.000

$7.000.000

$8.000.000

$9.000.000

$10.000.000

$11.000.000

Reve

nues

http://blog.makezine.com/archive/2010/05/million-dollar-baby-businesses-de.html

2009:* 13 compagnie sopra $ 1 m.* totale: $ 50 m.* $ 1 miliardo entro il 2015

SparkFun

“In 2010, SparkFun had revenues of about $18.4MM. As of April of 2011, we have around 120 employees, up from 87 a year ago.”

“We hope to grow by 50% this year (2011) to around $28MM in sales. We expect to be in the 30-50MM range in the next 3-5.”

http://www.sparkfun.com/news/599

Ed Etsy per l'artigianato / DIY

http://www.etsy.com/

Etsy

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 (March)$0

$50.000.000

$100.000.000

$150.000.000

$200.000.000

$250.000.000

$300.000.000

$350.000.000

Tota

l $ s

old

(Gro

ss M

erch

andi

se S

ales

)Utentu: +8 milioniNegozi attivi: +800,000Prodotti 8.5 milioni

http://www.etsy.com/press/kit/

Il mercato del Fabbing

Business sostenibile--> $10 Milioni da VC

Business non ancora sostenibile--> $5 Milioni da VC

Il settore della stampa 3D é cresciuto del 24.1% nel 2011.Previsioni: $3.1 miliardi (2016) $5.2 miliardi (2020).

(Wohlers Associates, 2011)

Fabbing + designers = $$$ + Open Design

http://www.freedomofcreation.com/home/3d-systems-acquires-freedom-of-creation

Fabbing + utenti = $$$ + Open Design

http://blog.3dsystems.com/2011/05/3d-systems-partners-with-alibre.htmlhttp://www.alibre.com/

Gli utenti innovano – e tanto!

“We fnd this previously unmeasured type of household sector innovation to be quite large: 6.2% of UK consumers - 2.9 million individuals - have engaged in consumer product innovation during the prior 3 years. In aggregate, consumers’ annual product development expenditures are 2.3 times larger than the annual consumer product R&D expenditures of all frms in the UK combined. “

Eric A. Von Hippel, Jeroen De Jong, Steven FlowersComparing Business and Household Sector Innovation in Consumer Products: Findings from a Representative Study in the UK

http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1683503

Quanto costa un Fab Lab?

* $50.000 secondo l'MIT* $20.000 in Ghana* $12,500 - $5000 con attrezzature open source / hardware* 3000 € per la versione da camera

Attenzione a fare un buon business model + business plan!

Che cosa si offre:* accesso ad uno spazio con attrezzature* servizi legati all'innovazione e commercializzazione

www.openp2pdesign.org/2011/fabbing/business-models-for-fab-labs/

Modelli di business per un Fab Lab

* Facilitatore: lancio di nuovi Lab e servizi di supporto* Educatore: un sistema globale e distribuito di programmi

educativi (Fab Academy + apprendimento peer-to-peer)

* Incubatore: provvede l'infrastruttura e le conoscenze per sviluppare un business locale

* La Rete: replica e diffonde un business nato localmente in tutti i nodi della rete dei Fab Lab

www.openp2pdesign.org/2011/fabbing/business-models-for-fab-labs/

Che succede in Italia?(a parte Arduino e Fab Lab Italia)

Vectorealism (Milano)

http://www.vectorealism.com/

Openwear (Milano, Europa)

http://www.openwear.org/

WeFab (Milano)

http://www.wefab.it/

Plug and Wear (Firenze)

http://www.plugandwear.com/

D-Shape / Dinitech (Londra - Pisa)

http://www.d-shape.com/ - http://www.dinitech.it/

Frankenstein Garage (Milano)

http://www.frankensteingarage.it

Blomming (Milano)

http://blomming.com/

Co-de-iT

http://www.co-de-it.com/

PoliMi Physical Computing

http://131.175.137.62/

Che cosa c'é ancora da fare (soprattutto in Italia)?

Iniziative possibili

* organizzare Fab Lab

* sviluppare e diffondere una cultura del Fabbing, del Co-design, del Computing e dell' Open

* costruire reti con le imprese e le istituzioni esistenti

* fare ricerca:

* sostenibilitá (ambientale, sociale, economica)

* strumenti e processi, per il fabbing e la collaborazione

* impatto del fabbing / collaborazione nelle cittá e territori

Qualche domanda o commento?

Grazie!

Massimo Menichinelli

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