PON e1-Jorge Finochietto

8/21/2019 PON e1-Jorge Finochietto

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Passive Optical

Networks

Authors:

Fabio NeriJorge M. Finochietto

Tutorial


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sContents

Introduction Motivation

Optical Access Networks

Passive Optical Networks (PON

TDM-PON Ph!sical "a!er an# $evices

%ra&&ic $istribution'che#uling

Power )u#get

tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON +PON

WDM-PONs Propose# solutions


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Passive Optical

Networks

Introduction


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sThe Broadband Connected Household

*nerg!

,onitoring

ideo-Con!erence

Alar,"ock

"aun#r!

booking

-eal *state services

"thernet

HDT

Ho#estation

$et Top Bo%

&'' Mb(s

O'* P

T

Co#puters

Telephone

Interactive

)a#in*

+%+' Mb(s

%/0channels 1/o$ services

TriplePla,

&'-' Mb(s

+% Mb(s

D.


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s

%echnologies &or access network:

Plain Ol# %elephone ervice (PO% As!,,etric $igital ubscriber "oop (A$"

2able0,o#e,s using 2able0%/ (2A%/in&rastructures

Power "ine 2o,,unication P"2 3ireless access technologies

"ocal Multipoint $istribution ervice ("M$

3iFi'3iMa4

2ellular networks

Optical access networks

/ccess Network


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s%D$0 $olutions

"argel! #eplo!e# nowa#a!s

5se o& e4isting copper lines ,ooth ,igration'upgra#e o& current network

)an#wi#th an# reach are li,ite#6

7 8, 9 8, 8, ; 8, < 8, = 8,0en*th1 2#

>

9;

/D$0

/D$0+1

D$0


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s/D$03 4ser Devices

plitter

separates #ata&ro, voice signals

Mo#e, (#e,o#u#ulates signals

at proper &reBuencies (e.g.

in A$" &ro, 9< 8CD in

upstrea, an# &ro, 9;E8CD in #ownstrea,

oice Data


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s 2A%/ in&rastructures are also calle# C!bri# Fiber

2oa4 (CF2

%he! o&&er a uni#irectional

high spee# #ownstrea, channel

H5C /ccess Network

Head

end

Remote

nodefiber

coax

amplifiers

tap


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s5iber To The 6 75TT%8

5TTC 3 5iber To The Curb

5TTCab3 5iber To The Cabinet

5TTH 3 5iber To The Ho#e

5TTB 3 5iber To The Buildin*

9$oon:

$ervice Node

ON4

5TTH

5TTB

5TTC

5TTCab

Optical 5iber

PON %D$0

O0T

ON4 NT

NT

Internet

0eased 0ine

5ra#e(Cell

.ela,

Telephone

Interactive

ideo

Twisted Pair

ONT

ONT

;;;

9$oon:

90ater:

90ater:

;

;;

;-;;


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sOptical /ccess Networks

"ow Attenuation large#istances

"ow power consu,ption "arge )an#wi#th ,an!broa#ban# users

-eBuires new &iberinstallation

Outsi#e plant costs arei,portant66


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Point0to0Point links

i,ple stan#ar#iDe# an# ,ature technolog! N&ibers lines

2Ntranscievers


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Active Optical Network

i,ple stan#ar#iDe# an# ,ature technolog! 7 &iber line

2urb witch power in the &iel#

2N+2transcievers


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Passive Optical Network (PON

i,ple un#er stan#ar#iDation technolog! 7 &iber line

N+1transcievers

passive #evices (splitters


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PassiveDevices

Down

strea#

Tra!!ic

4pstrea#Tra

!!ic

ODN

PON Overview

O0T: Optical "ine %er,inator

ON4: Optical Network 5nitODN: Optical $istribution Network


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sTi#e vs< $pectru# $harin*

$ownstrea, point-to-multipointnetwork

%he O"% ,anages the whole ban#wi#th 5pstrea, multipoint-to-pointnetwork

ON5s trans,it onl! towar#s the O"%

ON5s cannot #etect other ON5s trans,issions

$ata trans,itte# b! ON5s ,a! colli#e

Nee# o& a channel separation,echanis, to &airl! share ban#wi#th

resources

TDM/Time Division Multiple

Access

WDM/Wavelength Division Multiple

Access


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sPON "volution

TDM-PONs

tan#ariDe#

5se &ew wavelengths (t!picall! 9 or "ow cost an# ,ature #evices (splitters lasers etc.

"i,ite# power bu#get Ma4i,u, #istances 9Ek, plit ratios =;

%ra&&ic #istribution )roa#cast sche,e in #ownstrea,

%$MA techniBues in upstrea,

*4a,ples: APON')PON *PON +PON

WDM-PONs

Propose# in literature an#'or #e,onstrate#

ntro#uce 3$M techniBues an# #evices (A3+

"ong0reach an# ban#wi#th

*4a,ples: 2PON "A-N*% -%*N*% uccess0$3A@


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sContents


Optical Access Networks

Passive Optical Networks (PON


%ra&&ic $istribution'che#uling Power )u#get

tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON +PON



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Passive Optical

Networks

TDM-PONs


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O0T

PON Ph,sical 0a,er

Passiveplitter

ON4

ON4

ON4ODN

Passive splitter'co,biner(s

%wo separate# channels $ownstrea, (O"% ON5s

5pstrea, (ON5s O"%

A r#channel can be use# &or broa#casting vi#eo


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sOptical 5iber3 /ttenuation

ingle Mo#e Fiber (MF to achieve large #istances

IT4 )En,spectru, unusable &or #ata trans,ission

%5 +=


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sOptical 5iber3 Chro#atic Dispersion

2auses signal pulse broa#ening


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sWavelen*ths

"ow loss (E. #)'k,

2hro,atic #ispersion (7E07K ps'n,.k,

Opticall! a,pli&ie# b! *$FAs (7


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s0asers Diodes 70D8

Fabr!0Perot (FP 2heap

Nois!

ensitive to chro,atic #ispersion

5se# on 77E n,

$istribute# Fee#back ($F)

More e4pensive

Narrow spectral wi#th "ess sensitive to chro,atic #ispersion

5se# on 7


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sPhotodiodes 7PD8

PN Photo#io#es

+oo# optical sensitivit! (099 #), ilicon &or shorter ?s (eg >


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sT,pical PON Con!i*uration

3avelengths

%ransceivers

5pstrea, on 77En,

$ownstrea, on 7;En,$in*le 5iber

77En,.Dual 5iber

PNFPON4

$F)AP$O0T

Downstrea#4pstrea#


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sDownstrea# Tra!!ic

$ownstrea, tra&&ic is broa#caste# to all ON5s

3eak securit!

ON5s &ilter #ata (&ra,es b! #estintation a##ress

O0T

PassiveplitterON4

ON4

ON4


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sDownstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin*

O"% sche#ules tra&&ic insi#e ti,eslots

%i,e $ivision Multiple4ing (%$M sche,e %i,e slots can var! &ro, s to ,s

O0T

Passiveplitter

C

/

/ B C B

B

/

BC

B

/ B C B

/

B

C

B


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sDownstrea# 5ra#e .eception

*ach ON5 receives all the &ra,es with the sameconstantpower

i,ple receiver (low0cost L ON5s

Fra,es have prea,bles',arkers

O0T

C

B

/

7k,

k,

Kk,


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s4pstrea# Tra!!ic

All ON5s share the sa,e upstrea, channel

ON5s cannot e4change #ata #irectl! 2ollisions ,a! occur at the splitter'co,biner

O0T

Passiveplitter

ON4

ON4

ON4


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s4pstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin* &(A

Me#ia access ,echanis,s

2ontention0base# (si,ilar to 2MA'2$ ON5s cannot #etect collisions #ue to #irectional

properties o& optical splitter'co,biner

+uarantee# (%$MA O2$MA etc.

O0T

Passiveplitter

C

/

B

/

B B

C

/B

CB

2ollision66


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s4pstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin* +(A

n general PON stan#ar#s propose %i,e $ivisionMultiple4ing Access (%$MA sche,es

5pstrea, ti,e slicing an# assign,ent

O0T

Passiveplitter

C

/

/ B C B

B

/

B B

C

!!i h d li


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s4pstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin* >(A

%!picall! #ownstrea, tra&&ic carries grants thatsche#ule upstrea, tra&&ic

+rant #istribution ,ust take into account the#i&&erent propagation ti,es to reach each ON5

O0T

Passiveplitter

C

/

B

/ B C B

+ & /

B

C

B

/ B C B

/B

C

B

+

&

+

&

+ &

7E k,

9 k,

!!i $ h d li


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s4pstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin* A(A

PON stan#ar#s #e&ine ranging,echanis,s the ,etho# o& ,easuring the logical #istance between each

ON5 an# the O"% an# #eter,ining the trans,ission ti,ingsuch that upstrea, cells sent &ro, #i&&erent ON5s #o notcolli#e

+

&

O0T

Passiveplitter

C

/

/C

B

/

C

C

7E k,

9 k,

4 5 . i


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s4pstrea# 5ra#e .eception

%he O"% receives &ra,es with #i&&erent powers

Much #i&&icult to recover s!nchronis,

)urst Mo#e -eceiver (co,ple4 L O"%

ets E07 threshol# on a burst basis

O0TPassiveplitter

C

B

/

7k,

k,

Kk,

/

BB /

P B d t


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sPower Bud*et

Ma4i,u, optical power loss in the O$N

$i&&erence between the % power an# thesensitivit! o& the -

2onsi#ers attenuation o& &iber connectorssplices splitters etc.

E.9 #)'k,E. #)'k,Fiber (7;E'7 #)plices

E.7< #)E.K< #)2onnection

"ow0loss2onventionalO$N "oss Mo#el Assu,ptions

P i $ litt


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sPassive $plitters

749 plitter 74N plitter

*ver! ti,e the signal is split two wa!s the

signal is re#uce# b! 10log(0.5)=3dB "oss 3dB log2(#ONs)

.;#).K#)plitter 749

"ow0loss2onventional

$ litt (C l C !i ti


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s$plitter(Couplers Con!i*urations

;0stage >4> 0stage >4>

T i / ti


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4pstrea# 7&>&'n#8 Power Bud*et >' dB

Downstrea# 7&A'n#8 Power Bud*et ++ dB

Transceiver /ssu#ptions

099 #),E #),ON5 (FP1PN

O"% ($F)1AP$ 0E #),7 #),

- ensitivit!% Power

id Di t ib ti PON


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sideo Distribution over PONs

/i#eo can be #istribute# in several wa!s

-F vi#eo signal (overla! vi#eo 5ses the sa,e technolog! e,plo!e# in cable %/

networks

-eBuires a #e#icate# wavelength an# high0power

upports both analog an# #igital channels

P vi#eo signal (integrate# vi#eo 5ses P protocol to #eliver! vi#eo services

2an use the sa,e wavelength as #ata an# voice /i#eo hea# en# can be share# a,ong ,an!

networks'plat&or,s

.5 id $i l


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s

O0T

.5 ideo $i*nal

Passiveplitter

ON4

ON4

ON4

A r#channel (7


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s.5 ideo Issue3 Brillouin $catterin*

All optical &ibers have a ph!sical li,itation knownas stimulated Brillouin scattering()

) occurs when a high power optical signal overrelativel! long length (>k, &iber generatesvariations in the &iber?s optical properties an#scatters optical signals in the reverse #irection.

As power levels increase so #oes the e&&ectresulting in trans,itter signal loss an# noticeablevi#eo signal #egra#ation on a subscriber?s %/

n general this results in a power bud*et o! +& dB 7&>&'n#8

4pstrea# /nal,sis 7Conventional ODN8


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s4pstrea# /nal,sis 7Conventional ODN8

2onsi#ers onl! &iber an# splitter attenuation

&


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sDownstrea# /nal,sis 7Conv< ODN8


+


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s.5 ideo /nal,sis 7Conventional ODN8


*ach splitcosts

&+ k#

7&=


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sConventional ODN /nal,sis

Coonventional ODN

E.E

9E.E

;E.E

=E.E

>E.E

7EE.E

7 9 ; > 7= :9 =; 79>

Nu#ber o! ON4s 7split8

Ma%i#u#O

N4Distance

Gk

#H

5pstrea, $ownstrea, -F /i#eo

4pstrea# /nal,sis 70ow loss ODN8


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s4pstrea# /nal,sis 70ow loss ODN8


+A


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sDownstrea# /nal,sis 70ow loss ODN8


&>+


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s.5 ideo /nal,sis 70ow loss ODN8


*ach splitcosts&E k#

7&='


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s0ow 0oss ODN /nal,sis

0ow loss ODN

E.E

9E.E

;E.E

=E.E

>E.E

7EE.E

79E.E

7;E.E

7 9 ; > 7= :9 =; 79>

Nu#ber o! ON4s 7split8

Ma%i#u#O

N4Distance

Gk

#H

5pstrea, $ownstrea, -F /i#eo

.each($plit .atio I#prove#ent


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s.each($plit .atio I#prove#ent

5se o& Forwar# *rror 2orrection (F*2 techniBues

%50% +.K< -e# alo,on 2o#e

"ow &ra,e processing #ela! (79s

= overhea#

5pto


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sWhich one is a better desi*n

7E k,

7E k,

7 k,

7 k,

49

49

a b

Fiber: E.#)'k,plitter:

#)'split

Which one is a better desi*n


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a E. #) 1 7< #) 1 #) Q 7>. #)

b #) 1 7< #) 1 E. #) Q 7>. #)

7E k,

7E k,

7 k,

7 k,

49

49

a b

No di!!erence at all



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7E k,

7 k,

7 k,

49

49

a b

< k, 47=

< k,7 k,

= k,

Fiber: E.#)'k,plitter:

#)'split



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7E k,

7 k,

7 k,

49

49

a b

< k, 47=

< k,. #) Q #)17


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sOther Desi*n Issues


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s$u##ar,

PONs are t!picall! ,a#e o&

cheap co,ponents at ON5s

,ore e4pensive an# per&or,ant ones at the O"%

5pstrea, tra&&ic sche#uling is ,anage# in acentraliDe# &ashion b! the O"%

%$M0PONs have li,ite# reach'split per&or,ance 7E09Ek, 7=09 split ratios

tan#ar#s #e&ine

Ph!sical "a!er

$ownstrea, an# 5pstrea, Fra,e For,ats 5pstrea, +rant $istribution Mechanis,

-anging Mechanis,

Contents


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sContents


Optical Access Networks Passive Optical Networks (PON



tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON



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Passive Optical

Networks

PON $tandardiJation

PON $tandards


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sPON $tandards

Full ervice Access

Network (FAN+roup

*thernet in the

First Mile (*FMAlliance

nternational

%eleco,,unication5nion (%50%

nstitute o& *lectrical

*lectronics *ngineers(***

APON')PON(+.>

*PON(>E9.ah

+PON(+.>;

!roposestandards

"ati$ standards

%or&ing

'roups

tandards

Bodies

tandards

+''A+''>

&?(+''&

5$/N Me#bers3 $ervice Providers


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s5$/N Me#bers3 $ervice Providers

"5M /lliance3 "Kuip#ent endors


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s"5M /lliance3 "Kuip#ent endors

Me,bers

AllOptic 2isco *lastic Networks *ricsson *4tre,eNetworks n&ineon ntel N%% Passave %e4asnstru,ents @

Position *thernet in the First Mile as a ke!networking technolog! &or the access network

upport the *thernet in the First Mile stan#ar#se&&ort con#ucte# in the *** P>E9.ah %ask Force

Technical $tandards Co#parison


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sTechnical $tandards Co#parison

=;7= or ,ore9Ma% PON $plits

9E0E #)9709= 0#)9E0E #)ODN Power Bud*ets

2on&igurable

9.; +bps #ownstrea,

9.; +bps upstrea,

!,,etric 7.9< +b's2on&igurable

7.9 +b's #ownstrea,R

=99 Mb's upstrea,

Ma%i#u# $peed

A%M *thernet or %$M*thernetA%MTra!!ic Modes

A%M /oP or %$M/oPA%Moice

*ither over -F or P7


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sCo e s





tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON



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Passive Optical

Networks

/PON

/TM PONs 7/PONs8


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s7 8

%he &irst PON stan#ar# was base# on A%M cells

t consists o&:

$ownstrea, 2hannel L 7


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s,

ingle Fiber

$ual Fiber%rans,ission

7= or 9plit -atio

9E k,Ma4 -each

2lass ): 7E09< #)2lass 2: 7


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s7 * 8

$ownstrea,7


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s

)ase# on %M07 (7


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s $ownstrea, P"OAM cells are responsible &or

allocating ban#wi#th (via grant &iel#s

&ra,e s!nchroniDation

error control

ranging

an# ,aintenance.

Pa!loa# o& ;> b!tes

2arries 9K grants

*ach grant sche#ules

7 upstrea, A%M cell

Downstrea#

P0O/M Cell

Downstrea# /TM cell


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s

ON5s &ilter #ownstrea, A%M cells an# receiveonl! those that are a##resse# to the,

*ach A%M cell has a 790bit a##ressing &iel#associate# with a virtual circuit

At ,ost ;E= A%M circuits are allowe# per PON

4pstrea# 5ra#e $tructure


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sp

*ach &ra,e (7


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s

5pstrea, P"OAM cellscarr!

alar,s

alerts

ranging ,essages

receiver an#

trans,itter status

5pstrea, P"OAM rate $e&ine# b! the O"% &or

each ON5 Mini,u, is 7 P"OAMever! 7EE ,s

4pstrea# P0O/M Cell

s4pstrea# Tra!!ic $chedulin*


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s 2ouple# #ownstrea, an# upstrea, ti,ing

)oth &ra,es have eBual length (7


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s An upstrea, slot can contain a dividedLslot

%he #ivi#e#Sslot &its into one upstrea, slot an# contains a

nu,ber o& ,inislots co,ing &ro, a set o& ON5s %he O"% assigns one #ivi#e#Sslot grant to this set o& ON5s

&or sen#ing their ,inislots

Minislots are use# to report status in&or,ation o& the ON5s

s.an*in* Process


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s %he O"% ,ust co,pute the -%% &or each ON5 an# sen#s

an eBualiDation #ela! ti,e to each o& the,

P"OAM cells are use# &or this purpose ON5s i,ple,ent the eBualiDation #ela! to e,ulate an

eBui#istant network

O0TPassive

plitter

ON4

ON4

ON4

9E k,

9E k,

9E k,

s/PON .an*in*


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s O"% sen#s a "anging 'rantan# waits &or the ON5 response

Once the O"% has receive# all responses it calculates the

eBualiDation #ela!s an# co,,unicates this in&or,ation tothe ON5s who a#Tust their trans,ission

s/PON Bandwidth /llocation


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s

$ownstrea, )an#wi#th

ban#wi#th can be #!na,icall! allocate# b! the

O"% base# on the ON5?s services

5pstrea, )an#wi#th

ban#wi#th is allocate# staticall! through grants

minislots,echanis, &or reporting ON5s? Bueuesbut no #!na,ic ban#wi#th allocation she,e#e&ine#

No #!na,ic ban#wi#th allocation6


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Passive Optical

Networks

BPON

sBroadband PONs 7BPONs8


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s )PONs are si,ilar to APONs but a## e4tra

&unctionalities

nclu#e APONs (+.>.7 $e&ine# in the %50% +.>. (9EE7

upport higher rates $ownstrea, (7


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s

ingle Fiber%rans,ission

7= or 9plit -atio

9E k,Ma4 -each

2lass A: < 0 9E #)

2lass ): 7E09< #)

2lass 2: 7


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s

/PON

BPON

Water Peak

sBPON /rchitecture


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s

$ownstrea,7;E n,

5pstrea,77E n,

/oice $ata

Optical

$plitter

&%>+OrCascade

OpticalCoupler

/i#eo7


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s

sD,na#ic Bandwidth /llocation 7DB/8


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s $)A is the process b! which ON5s #!na,icall! reBuest

upstrea, ban#wi#th an# the ,etho# the O"% reassign

ban#wi#th accor#ingl!

)PONs #e&ines two $)A sche,es bu&&er status reporting (-

i#le cell ,onitoring or no status reporting (N-

O"%

ON4-/

ON4-B

ON4-C

ON4-D

D,na#ic allocationo! bandwidth

$haredbandwidth

Dedicatedbandwidth

)./NT$

sTrans#ission Containers 7T-CONTs8


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work

s *ntit! use# &or upstrea, ban#wi#th allocation

-esponsible &or reBuesting an# receiving grants

Associate# to a bu&&er an# report its status A single %02ON% can carr! A%M tra&&ic with various service

classes an# virtual circuits

A #ata grant'reBuest is associate# with one %02ON%

%02ON%s are essentiall! GpipesH that carr! A%M circuits

sNo $tatus .eportin* 7N$.8


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s O"% inspects each inco,ing cell &ro, a speci&ic %02ON% in

a pre#e&ine# ti,e &ra,e

-e,e,bers the A%M connections that are associate# with aspeci&ic %02ON%

For e4a,ple the O"% calculates the utiliDation rate o& the

currentl! assigne# ban#wi#th b! ,onitoring the nu,ber o&e&&ective receive# cells &ro, speci&ic %02ON%s an# usesthis value as the ban#wi#th reBuest in&or,ation

%he ban#wi#th allocation reserve# &or a %02ON% isN2-*A*$ i& the current allocation is largel! utiliDe#

an# $*2-*A*$ otherwise

s$tatus .eportin* 7$.8 &(>


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s -0ON5s e4plicitl! report to its O"% PON inter&ace

ince a nu,ber o& ON5s an# their %02ON%s ,a! report

Bueue lengths o& %02ON% bu&&ers it is i,perative tobalance the a,ount o& in&or,ation with the upstrea,ban#wi#th consu,ption o& these reports

+enerall! the O"% will generate #ivi#e#Sslot grants toreBuest a Bueue length &or the speci&ie# ON5 accor#ing to

the service reBuire,ents

s$tatus .eportin* 7$.8 +(>


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s 3hen an ON5 recogniDes a #ivi#e#Sslot grant the ON5 can

trans&er in&or,ation in a ,inislot in the #ivi#e#Sslot

%his ,inislot contains the Bueue length &or ever! %02ON%using non0linear co#ing an# 2-20>

s$tatus .eportin* 7$.8 >(>


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s

-0ON5s shall report the Bueue length o& their %02ON%s when reBueste# b! their O"%

%he Bueue length is the su, o& the total nu,bero& cells in all the class bu&&ers that are connecte#to a %02ON%

s5ault Tolerance


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s

)PON #e&ines #i&&erent protection sche,es

)ase# on Auto,atic Protection witching (AP

$uplication o& transceivers (%- splitters an#optical &iber sections

i,ilar to ,etro'core networks

Passiveplitter

Fee#er ection

$rop ection %-

%-

%-

%-

sProtection Mechanis#s


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s

B t,pe&& protection o! O0T

C t,pe&& protection o! PON

2ost0e&&ective

-e#un#ant &ee#er -e#un#ant O"%

transceivers

Most secure an#

e4pensive -e#un#ant &ee#er an##rops

-e#un#ant transceivers

%-

%-

%-

%-

%-

O0TON507

ON509

ON50n

%-

%-

%-

%-%-

%-

%-

%-

O0T ON507

ON509

ON50n

sContents


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Introduction

Motivation




tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON



93/158

Passive Optical

Networks

"PON

ks

I""" ?'+


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work

"a!er 7: ph!sical la!er

"a!er 9: #ata linkla!er

&'Mb(s &''Mb(s &)b(s &')b(s

***>E9.9 logical link control

***>E9.7 bri#ging

***>E9.*thernet

MA2 la!er

***>E9.;%oken busMA2 la!er

?'+ah "5M

Ph!sicalla!er

***>E9.E9.= MANMA2 la!er

***>E9.77wirelessMA2 la!er

Ph!sicalla!er

Ph!sicalla!er

Ph!sicalla!er

Ph!sicalla!er

*PON starte# to be stan#ar#iDe# b! *** >E9.ah *FM

since 9EE7 it was rati&ie# in 9EE;

ks

"thernet PONs 7"PONs8


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All packets carrie# in *PON are encapsulate# in*thernet &ra,es

upport &or variable siDe packets

i,ilar wavelength plan to )PON

Ma4i,u, bit rate is 7+bps (7.9< +bps >)'7E)

Mini,u, nu,ber o& splits is 7=

Ma4i,u, reach is

7E k, (FP0"$ L ON5s li,ite# b! #ispersion

9E k, ($F)0"$ L ON5s

$i&&erent con&igurations are allowe#

ks

"PON Con!i*urations


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7&8 Tree Topolo*, 7+8 .in* Topolo*,

7>8 Tree with .edundant Trunk 7A8 Bus Topolo*,

O0T

ON4

ON4

ON4

ON4

O0T

ON4

ON4 ON4

ON4

O0T

ON4 ON4

ON4 ON4

O0T

ON4

ON4

ON4

ON4

ks

Downstrea# Tra!!ic


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i,ilar to a share# ,e#iu, network

Packets are broa#caste# b! the O"% an# selecte#

b! their #estination ON5

ks

4pstrea# Tra!!ic


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ON5s s!nchroniDe# to a co,,on ti,e re&erence

2entraliDe# arbitration sche,e

O"% grants access to ON5 &or a ti,eslot

everal *thernet packets

ks

I""" ?'+ Co#pliance


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*** >E9 assu,es all stations to be connecte# toa sared-medium(single access #o,ain

ingle0station #o,ains connecte# b!point-to-pointlinks &or, a switche# "AN

Proble,: *** >E9 co,pliance

ON5s cannot co,,unicate with one another #ue to#irectivit! o& passive #evices

7stolution: *,ulate a point0to0point topolog!

"oss o& use&ul #ownstrea, broa#cast nature

9n#olution: *,ulate a point0to0point topolog! butwith a special broa#cast &eature

ks

0o*ical Topolo*, "#ulation 70T"8


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PON #evices i,ple,ent a logical topolog$emulation("%* &unction

%o preserve the e4isting *thernet MA2 operation"%* ,ust resi#e below the MA2 subla!er

*,ulation relies on tagging *thernet &ra,es

"ogical "ink #enti&ication (""$

-eplaces 9 b!tes o& > o& the *thernet prea,ble

ks

"PON "thernet Ta**in*


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5nicast ""$

*stablishe# between the O"% an# each ON5

Point0to0point links

ON5s &ilter &ra,es b! their assigne# ""$

5niversal ""$

5se# to #e&ine a broa#cast service

-eceive# b! all ON5s

*4ploits #ownstrea, broa#cast nature o& PONs6

ks

The Muti-Point Control Protocol 7MPCP8


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Original *thernet MA2 protocol cannot operateproperl! in the upstrea, channel (no collision

#etection MP2P (Multi0Point 2ontrol Protocol

n0ban# signalling

Messages (=; b!tes

+A%* -*+%*-

-*+%*-S-*U5*%

-*+%*-SA28

-*PO-%

ks

MPCP Modes o! Operation


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Auto $iscover! Mo#e

$etects newl! connecte# ON5s an# learns the

roun#0trip #ela! an# MA2 a##ress o& that ON5 Messages: +A%* -*+%*- -*+%*-S-*U5*%

-*+%*-SA28

)an#wi#th Assign,ent Mo#e Assigns trans,ission opportunities to registere#

ON5s

Messages: +A%* -*PO-%

ks

/uto Discover, Mode 7&(=8


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work O"% allocates an initialiDation slot an interval o& ti,e when

no previousl! initialiDe# ON5s are allowe# to trans,it

O"% sen#s an initialiDation G#iscover!H +A%* ,essagea#vertising the start ti,e o& the initialiDation slot an# itslength

ks

/uto Discover, Mode 7+(=8


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work Onl! un0initialiDe# ON5s will respon# to the ,essage

3hen the local clock locate# in the ON5 reaches the start

ti,e o& the initialiDation slot the ON5 will trans,it-*+%*-S-*U ,essage

3hen the O"% receives the -*+%*-S-*U &ro, an un0initialiDe# ON5 it learns its MA2 a##ress an# roun#0tripti,e

ks

Auto $iscover! Mo#e ('=


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ks

/uto Discover, Mode 7A(=8


107/158

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work %he O"% sen#s a -*+%*- ,essage containing the unicast

"ogical "ink $ (""$

ks

/uto Discover, Mode 7(=8


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work %he O"% sen#s a +A%* ,essage containing a grant &or the

the unicast ""$

ks

/uto Discover, Mode 7=(=8


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work %he ON5 acknowle#ges the registration b! sen#ing a

-*+%*-SA28 ,essage

ks

/uto Discover, $u##ar,


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ks

Bandwidth /ssi*n#ent Mode


111/158

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work %he O"% sen#s a +A%* ,essage (grant an# sche#ules

upstrea, trans,ission &or a speci&ic ti,e interval

ON5s sen# -*PO-% ,essages with their Bueue statusclai,ing grants

ks

9ust-in-Ti#e: $chedulin*


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%he +A%* ,essage is sent so that when the ON5receives the ,essage it starts trans,itting

Onl! ti,e length o& access interval is nee#e# Cowever *thernet &ra,es cannot be pree,pte#

so collision ,a! occur

ks

9$tart Ti#e: $chedulin*


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%he +A%* ,essage carries

a tart %i,e

an# its length

-eBuires a co,,on ti,e

re&erence (7=ns granularit!

ks

MPCP Clock $,nchroniJation

h h O # h O h 9 bi


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)oth the O"% an# the ON5 have 90bit countersthat incre,ent ever! 7= ns

%hese counters provi#e a local ti,esta,p

MP2P ,essages contain a ti,esta,p &iel#

3hen the ON5 receives a MP2P ,essage it setsits counter accor#ing to the value in theti,esta,p o& the receive# ,essage

"ocal clock is then Gs!nchroniDe#H with the O"%

one

ks

.an*in*

3h i h # i i MP2P i


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3hen either #evice trans,its a MP2P ,essage it,aps its counter to the ti,esta,p &iel#

5se&ul &or the ranging process

RTT = T2 -

T1

ks

."PO.T Messa*e

-*PO-% t # t th ON5


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wor -*PO-%s are generate# at the ON5

A -*PO-% ,essage ,a!contain Bueue reports ($)A

-*PO-% ,essages can be use#

with ti,esta,ps onl! (-anging

%he O"% ,ust

process -*PO-% ,essages

consi#er the -*PO-% when

allocating ban#wi#th

-*PO-%s ,ust be issue# perio#icall!

ks

Contents

Introduction


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Motivation




tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON WDM-PONs

Propose# solutions

)PON


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Passive OpticalNetworks

)PON

rk

s5ro# BPON to )i*abit PON 7)PON8

)PON


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wor )PON ssues

hortage o& ban#wi#th in connecting +igabit

*thernet ne&&icient allocation o& packets #ue to AA"

0a,er A

0a,er or hi*her

0a,er &

/TM !ra#e

PON-PH

TCP4DP etc)'7E) s!,bols are trans,itte#rather than waiting &or a co,plete &ra,e o& #ata

rk

s)PON-TC 7)TC8 5ra#es

Fi4e# &ra,e #uration (79


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or Fi4e# &ra,e #uration (79


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or $ownstrea, &ra,es in#icate per,itte# locations &or

upstrea, tra&&ic

5se o& pointers (b!te units Mini,u, ban#iw#th allocation =;8bps (7 b!te L 79

t consists o&


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or t consists o&

a Ph!sical 2ontrol )lock $ownstrea, (P2)$

the A%M partition (NV

%he P)2$ carries basicall!


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or %he P)2$ carries basicall!

!nchroniDation &iel#s (use# b! ON5s

5pstrea, )an#wi#th grants (upstrea, access

rk

sDownstrea# 5ra#e $tructure >(>

*ach Access grants is co,pose# o&


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or *ach Access grants is co,pose# o&

an Alloc# associate# with the %02ON%

a tart %i,e an# top %i,e e4presse# in b!tes that in#icatewhen to access the usptrea, channel an# when to release it

As in )PONs upstrea, access is e&&ectivel! #one #ela!ing access&or a speci&ic eBualiDation #ela!

rk

sDownstrea# 5ra#e $tructure


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or

rk

s4pstrea# 5ra#e $tructure &(>

*ach &ra,e contains trans,issions &ro, one or ,ore ON5s


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or *ach &ra,e contains trans,issions &ro, one or ,ore ON5s

Four t!pes o& overhea#ers are present

Ph!sical "a!er

P"OAM

Power "eveling

$!na,ic )an#wi#th -eport

rk

s4pstrea# 5ra#e $tructure +(>

A prea,ble an# a #eli,iter are attache# to each


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o A prea,ble an# a #eli,iter are attache# to each

burst in or#er to recover the &ra,e at the O"%

%heir values are absolute in ti,e an# variables inbits

rk

s4pstrea# Burst 0ock-In Ti#e

)PON: stringent lock0in b!tes per cell ti,ing


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o )PON: stringent lock in b!tes per cell ti,ing

+PON: ,ore rela4e# ti,ing =99 Mbps upstrea,: > b!tes

7.9 +bps upstrea,: 79 b!tes

9.; +bps upstrea,: 9; b!tes

-esults: )PON Q stringent ti,ing Q ,ore e4pensive

co,ponents

+PON Q ,ore rela4e# ti,ing Q cheaper

co,ponents +PON Q lowest cost path &or higher ban#wi#th

rk

s4pstrea# 5ra#e $tructure >(>

%he usptrea, &ra,e pa!loa# can be use# to


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o %he usptrea, &ra,e pa!loa# can be use# to

carr!

A%M cells +*M &ra,es

or $)A reports

rk

sDB/ .eports


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o

TDM-PON $u##ar,


138/158


,

ork

sTechnical $u##ar,

"PON)PONBPONT ! PON


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o

Decoupled TDM/

+''A+''>+''&ear o!

introduction

IP-based services5ull services7phone1 IP1 TDM8

/TM$ervices provided

TDM/ coupled to Downstrea#4pstrea#

bandwidth control

PossibleWavelen*th

#ultiple%in* o!video

&(&


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o

&' +'

/pplicable distance 7k#8

'

&'

+'

>'

Nu#

bero!splits

*PON2lass P9E

+()PON2lass )

+()PON2lass 2

Assu,ptions &or calculationOptical splitter insertion loss

90wa! split: 7K#) 7=0wa! split: 7;#) >0wa! split: 77#) ;0wa! split: >#)

Fi4e# loss (conn. etc.: ;#)

"ine loss:E.


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o

E

9EE

;EE

=EE

>EE

7EEE

79EE

7;EE

*PON +PON )PON

M

b(s

sche#uling OC : &ra,e#elineation

sche#uling OC : PCW burst OC

sche#uling OC : control,essages

pa!loa# encapulation OC

line co#ing

pa!loa#

ork

sHeaderQs Co#parison

9; bits


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o

)uardPrea#bleDeli#iter+PON

*PON

,in.

9 bits

Data

A+2: Auto,atic +ain 2ontrolR 2$-: 2lock an# $ata -ecover!"aser turn on ti,e overlaps the laser turn o&& ti,e o& the previous burst

0aserturn o!! ti#e

,a4. ;EEns

Data

*PON costs aboutX7E the cost o&

)PON'+PON

ork

sContents

Introduction


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o Motivation




Power )u#get

tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON WDM-PONs

Propose# solutions

WDM-PONs


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ork

s5iber

ingle Mo#e Fiber (MF to achieve large #istances


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o %5 +.=En,spectru, unusable &or #ata trans,ission.

IT4 )=+c(d $M5 7@WP8

GDero0water peakH

>EE EE 7EEE 77EE 79EE 7EE 7;EE 7


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o

5pto 7> channels (79K707=77n, 9E n, spacing

2heap trans,itters (no strict tuning thus no ther,alcontrol nee#e#

-each li,ite# b! the lowest wavelength

ork

s/rra,ed Wave*uide )ratin*s 7/W)8

A3+ has alrea#! been use# in ,an! long0haul


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o! ! g

3$M s!ste,s

,ulitple4er'#e,ultiple4ers a##'#rop ,ultiple4er

A3+s route each speci&ic ingress wavelength to

a uniBue output port

A3+ insertion loss is ;0


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o 3-PON: wavelength route# PONs

nclu#e A3+s

ork

s$uper-PON

*4ten#s reach (7EEk, an# split ratio (9EEE


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o 5ses repeaters with optical ampliiers

5ses several wavelengths ($3$M

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s$i#ple WDM-PON

Nu,ber o& ON5s li,ite# b! wavelengths


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o Point0to0point topolog!

"ong0reach (al,ost point0to0point reach

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sCo#posite-PON 7CPON8

$ownstrea, uses A3+ (i,proves reach


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o 5pstrea, uses co,biner

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s0/.N"T

$ownstrea, A3+ routes wavelengths (reach


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o 5pstrea, A3+ separates wavelengths (low cost

77En, "$ an# i,proves ban#wi#th

3i#eban# upstrea, signals are Gslice#H b! the A3+

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5pstrea, trans,itters in ON5s ,o#ulate a


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o#ownstrea,0broa#catse# un,o#ulate# carrier

(no nee# o& light sources at ON5s

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sMultista*e-PON

A3+ siDe is li,ite# b! &abrication technolog!


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oli,its ,ultiple stages o& A3+s

3avelengths are route#

in groups at the 7ststage

an# in#ivi#uall! at the 9n#

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s$4CC"$$-DW/ PON

O&&ers d$namic a,elengt allocation ($3A b!


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oa##ing tunable lasers at the O"%

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ON4s

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sContents

IntroductionM i i


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o Motivation




Power )u#get

tan#ar#s APON')PON

*PON

+PON WDM-PONs

Propose# solutions

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s.e!erences &(+

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>.7 .)roa#ban# optical access s!ste,s base# onPassive Optical Networks (PON. Oct 7>.


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o %50% -eco,,en#ation +.>. .A broa#ban# optical access s!ste, with increase#

service capabilit! b! wavelength allocation. March 9EE7.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>.; .A broa#ban# optical access s!ste, with increase#service capabilit! using #!na,ic ban#wi#th assign,ent. Nov. 9EE7.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>.E9.AC .2MA'2$ access ,etho# an# ph!sical la!er speci&icationsA,en#,ent: Me#ia Access 2ontrol Para,eters Ph!sical "a!ers an# Manage,entPara,eters &or ubscriber Access Networks. June 9EE;.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.K;.7 .+igabit0capable Passive Optical Networks (+0PON:+eneral characteristics. March 9EE.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>;.9 .+igabit0capable Passive Optical Networks (+0PON:Ph!sical Me#ia $epen#ent (PM$ la!er speci&ication. March 9EE.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>;. .+igabit0capable Passive Optical Networks (+0PON:

%rans,ission convergence la!er speci&ication. Feb. 9EE;.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.>;.; .+igabit0capable Passive Optical Networks (+0PON:ON% ,anage,ent an# control inter&ace speci&ication. June 9EE;.

%50% -eco,,en#ation +.KE;7'W.7E .+eneric Fra,ing Proce#ure (+FP. $ec.9EE7.

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s.e!erences +(+

8ra,er +len. *thernet Passive Optical Networks Mc+raw0Cill March 9EE

PON e1-Jorge Finochietto

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