DG RTD-H.3 Aeronautics – Milano 17/6/05 – M. Brusati La strategia di sviluppo del trasporto...

DG RTD-H.3 Aeronautics – Milano 17/6/05 – M. Brusati

La strategia di sviluppo del trasporto aereo in Europa e

ruolo della Commissione Europea tra6° e 7° Programmi Quadro

Marco BrusatiDirezione Generale Ricerca - Aeronautica

Milano, 17 giugno 2005


Research in the Budget of the European Union

Internal policies

3%

Pre-accession Strategy

4%

Agriculture46%

Structural Funds

33%

RTD4%

External policies

5%

Reserves0%

Administration (EC 50%)

5%

Non-nuclear Activities of

the Joint Research

Centre4%

Aeronautics and Space

6%

Wider Field of Research

(INCO, CRAFT, ...)7%

Genomics and Biotechnology

for Health 13%

Information Society

Technologies 22%

Nanotechnology, Materials,

Production 7%

Food Safety and Health

Risks 4%

Citizens and Governance

1%

Sustainable Development

& Global Change

12%

Strengthening the

Foundations of the European

Research Area2%

Euratom Framework Programme

7%

Structuring the European

Research Area15%

EU Budget 2003(102,145 M€)

FP6 Budget 2002-2006(17,500 M€)


EU 15

New Member States•Cyprus•Estonia•Hungary•Latvia•Lithuania•Malta•Poland•Czech Republic•Slovenia•Slovakia

Candidate countries•Romania•BulgariaAssociated Countries:•Island•Israel •Norway•Switzerland•Turkey

Participation in Sixth Research Framework Programme

2002 - 2006


6th Research Framework Programme

Eight Thematic Priorities

sustainable development & global change

17%

citizens and governance

2%

food safety and health risks

5%

nanotechnology, materials, production

10%

information society

technologies 29%

genomics and biotechnology

for health 18%

wider field of research

(INCO, CRAFT, ...)

10%

Aeronautics and Space

9%

Budget 2002 - 2006 for Thematic Priorities: 12.585 million Euro


The Strategic Research Agenda The Strategic Research Agenda

for Aeronautics in Europefor Aeronautics in Europe


2005 is an Important Year2005 is an Important Year for Aeronauticsfor Aeronautics

18 January - Roll-out of the Airbus A380

30 March – In Brussels ACARE presented the

2nd Strategic Research Agenda (SRA2) for Aeronautics

6 April - the European Commission proposes

Aeronautics and Air Transport in the

7th Research Framework Programme

13 July - Last Call for Aeronautics Research of F.P.6

September – Proposal for Thematic Programme on Transport (including Aeronautics)


EU R&TD in AERONAUTICS

A Dynamic Process

Framework Programme 2 (1990-91) € 66 Mio– A “pilot phase“ to stimulate European R&TD collaboration

Framework Programme 3 (1992-95) € 130 Mio– Continue work initiated in the “pilot phase” placing the

emphasis on key technical areas Framework Programme 4 (1995-98) € 400 Mio

– Improve industrial competitiveness with increasing emphasis on subjects of wide public interest (environment, safety and ATM)

Framework Programme 5 (1999-2002) € 700 Mio– Industrial competitiveness and sustainable growth of air

transportation Framework Programme 6 (2002-2006) € 840 Mio

– Satisfying society’s needs for air transport and strengthening competitiveness


• Since 1990 the EU has funded some 350 RTD projects representing a budget of about € 4 billion (EU funding ± 50%)

• The average size of a project varies between € 2 million and € 8 million with an average consortium composed of some 5 to 15 partners

• 21 projects (9 technology platforms – precursors of the Integrated Projects – in FP5 and 12 Integrated Projects in FP6) have a larger size of up to more than € 100 million with a consortium of as many as 60 partners

• Currently the EU Framework Programme represents about 30% of all the European public funding in civil aeronautics RTD

Networking of teams + critical mass of resources

EU R&TD in AERONAUTICS

Overall Figures of the Effort


Example : A380 Technology Framework Programme Origins

Carbon Compositerear fuselage (Section 19)ADPRIMAS, APRICOS, TANGO

Horizontal tail planedesigned for relaxed stability

High Reynolds Number; Low drag wing designECARP, EUROLIFT, AWIATORC-WAKE

On-board maintenance system

Integrated and modular avionics architecture (IMA)NEVADA, PAMELA, VICTORIA,NATACHA

New low weight front fuselage structureADPRIMAS, APRICOS,TANGO

Electric thrust reverse control

Centre wing box in CFRPTANGO

New four post main landing gear(4-6-6-4 wheels configuration)ELGAR

Skin to stringer welding(first on A318)WAFS

Dual air conditioningPack conceptASICA, CABINAIR

Variable frequencyPower generation

Electro-hydraulicActuatorsEPICA, ELISA, EHA

2 hydraulic (5000psi) + 2 electricalchannel architecture for flight controlsand landing gearPOA

Upper fuselage skin in Glare®TANGO


European Aeronautics: A Vision for 2020European Aeronautics: A Vision for 2020 Doc. Available: http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/growth/aeronautics2020/en/index.htmlDoc. Available: http://europa.eu.int/comm/research/growth/aeronautics2020/en/index.html

Securing global

Leadership to Europe

Responding to the

Society’s needs

Indicates

two Top level

objectives

•Initiated and chaired by Commissioner Philippe Busquin

•Prepared by a group of 14 high-level personalities (GOP)

•Focused on Research / Technology / Development

•Takes a pan-European perspective with a 2020 horizon

Strategy = objectives + method


European Aeronautics: A Vision for 2020

The Goals for 2020

80% cut in NOx emissions

Halving perceived aircraft noise

Five-fold reduction in accidents

Air traffic system capable of handling 16 million flights a year

50% cut in CO2 emissions per pass-Km

99% of all flights within 15 minutes of timetable


Advisory Council for Aeronautics Research in Europe - ACARE

‘Strategic Research Agenda - SRA’

Creating and maintaining a Strategic Research Agenda (SRA)

role for each to play = applied subsidiarity

agreed by all stakeholders

•Member States with aeronautical research plans

•European Commission

•Manufacturing industry (airframe, engine, equipment and ATM)

•Airlines

•Airports

•Regulators

•Eurocontrol

•Research establishments

36 members

The first “Technology Platform”- federate stakeholders in

Europe- consensus building


The Strategic Research Agenda: The Challenges towards the Top-level Objectives

Quality &Affordability

The challenge of delivering products and services to passengers, airlines, freight and other customers with increased quality, economy and performance

Environment

The challenge of meeting continually rising demand whilst demonstrating asensitivity to society’s needs by reducing the environmental impact

Safety

The challenge of sustaining the confidence of both the passenger and society that notwithstanding greatly increased traffic incidence of accidents will reduce

Air TransportSystem

Efficiency

Rising traffic shall not exacerbatecongestion, delays and lost opportunities. The challenge is therefore that the efficiency of thewhole system must be increased.

Security

The challenge is todevise measures that will improve security, on aglobal basis, within a highly diverse and complexsystem and against a strong backdrop of increasing traffic.

The top level objectives of the Vision 2020:• Responding to the Society’s needs

•Securing global leadership to Europe


2nd Strategic Research Agenda2nd Strategic Research Agenda(by ACARE developed, published on 30/31 March 2005)

www.acare4europe.org

The High Level Target Concepts (HLTC)The High Level Target Concepts (HLTC) The Highly Customer Oriented Air Transport System The Highly Time Efficient Air Transport System The Highly Cost Efficient Air Transport System The Ultra Green Air Transport System The Ultra Secure Air Transport System Towards the Future an assessment of long-term possibilities


Aeronautics in the 6° FP and Aeronautics in the 6° FP and

the 3° Call for proposalsthe 3° Call for proposals


Aeronautics in F. P.6 Overall Objectives

(Consistent with Strategic Research Agenda recommendations)

To meet society’s needs for a more efficient, safer and environmentally friendly air transport

To win global leadership for European aeronautics with a competitive supply chain, including small and medium size enterprises


Aeronautics in F.P.6 Research Areas and Scope

Specific Research Areas

– Strengthening competitivenesscompetitiveness (of the manufacturing industry)

– Improving environmental impactenvironmental impact with regard to emissions & noise

– Improving aircraft safety and securitysafety and security

– Increasing the operational capacityoperational capacity of the air transport system

Scope– Commercial transport aircraft (comprising regional and business aircraft

and rotorcraft), including their systems and components

– On-board and ground-based elements of the ATM (4th area)


Research Domains: integrated design and product development manufacturing maintenance aerodynamics structural weight reduction equipment weight and power take up reduction propulsion crew workload reduction cabin environment on board passenger services new aircraft concepts and breakthrough

technologies

Strengthening Strengthening CompetitivenesCompetitivenes

ss

• Research Objectives: reduce aircraft development costs by 20% (50%) in the short (long) term reduce aircraft operating costs by 20% (50%) in the short (long) term increase passenger choice with regard to travel costs, time to destination,

on-board services and comfort

Aeronautics Priorities in FP6


Research Domains: propulsion aerodynamics structural weight reduction equipment weight and power take up reduction combustion external noise manufacturing maintenance new aircraft concepts and breakthrough technologies

Improving Improving environmental environmental

impact with impact with regard to regard to

emissions and emissions and noisenoise

Research Objectives:• reduce CO2 emissions (and thus fuel consumption) by 50% per passenger-km in the

long term • reduce NOx emissions by 80% in the landing and take-off cycle with respect to ICAO

standard and to an Emissions Index of NOx of 5 (10) gr. per kg. of fuel burnt in cruise in the long (short) term, and other gaseous emissions and particulates

• reduce noise by 4-5 dB (10 dB) per operation in the short (long) term. For rotorcraft reduce noise footprint area by 50% and external noise by 6 (10) dB in the short (long) term.

• reduce environmental impact of aircraft and component manufacture and maintenance



Research Domains: human-machine interface accident prevention accident survivability airborne aircraft security new aircraft concepts and breakthrough

technologies

Improving Improving aircraft safety aircraft safety and securityand security

Research Objectives:• reduce accident rate by 50% (80%) in the short (long) term• obtain 100% capability for avoiding or recovering from human error• mitigate results of survivable accidents • reduce to zero hazards of on-board hostile actions while in flight



Research Domains: new generation ATM

– co-operative air traffic management– advanced airborne system applications– reduced separation minima

the airport of the future– airport efficiency(ATF)– advanced surface movement guidance and control

system (A-SMGCS)– technologies for advanced approach and landing (TAL)

innovation– innovative ATM research

co-ordination actions– safety, human factors, validation

increasing the increasing the operational operational

capacity and capacity and safety of the safety of the air transport air transport

systemsystem

Research Objectives:• increase system capacity to safely handle three times more air movements by 2020 • improve today’s safety levels taking into account projected traffic levels• improve system efficiency to achieve an average maximum delay of 1 minute per flight.• Maximise airport operating capacity in all weather conditions



AeronauticsProjects Characteristics

Type of Instrument

IP NoE STREP CA SSASelected Prop. 1Call 5 1 38 1

Selected Prop. 2nd Call 7 1 37* 2 5

Selected Prop. Total (= 97) 12 2 75 3 5Rec. Funding 1st Call in M€ 124 8 114 2

Rec. Funding 2nd Call in M€ 193 7 97 3 1

Rec.Funding Total (548) 317 15 210 5 1

* Not including the reserve : 4 STREPS with 10 M€ rec. funding


AeronauticsWorkprogramme CoverageNew Instruments (1st Call)

area ProposalRecommended Funding (M€)

IP

A - Integrated, intelligent, multidisciplinary design in the extended enterprise VIVACE 43

B - Maintenance including smart health monitoring, damage detection and maintenance-free concept TATEM 22

C - Integration of technologies in support of a passenger and environmentally friendly helicopter.

FRIENDCOPTER 18

D - Security of aircraft operation SAFEE 20

E - Advanced approach and landing OPTIMAL 21

NoE F- Wind tunnel testing for aeronautical applications and related advanced measuring technologies EWA 8


AeronauticsWorkprogramme CoverageNew Instruments (2nd Call)

Area ProposalRecommended Funding (M€)

IP

A - New concepts for the future generation of aircraft configurations NACRE 17

B - Full-composite structures (wing and fuselage) ALCAS 53

C - Environmentally acceptable small-size supersonic transport HISAC 15

D - Future efficient, low-noise aeroengine VITAL 51

E - Flight hazard protection and all weather operation FLYSAFE 29

F - Human factors and human-machine interface technologies HILAS 17

G - On-board technologies for future space-based aircraft operation ANASTASIA 11

NoE H - Environmental compatibility with regard to aircraft emissions ECATS 7


AeronauticsFP6 Instruments Balance

(1st & 2nd Call)

97 Projects

83 Traditional Instruments

14 New Instruments

548 million Euro

40%

60%

Traditional Instruments: STREP, CA, SSA / New Instruments: IP, NoE


AeronauticsF.P.6 SME Participation

SME 36%

All Organisations

82%

SME 18%

Large Industry 64%


AeronauticsFP6 Participation by Nationality

Nb

of

Pro

pose

d P

artn

ersh

ip

Selected proposals (1469)

Total Nb of proposed partnerships = 4313

Non Selected proposals

1,2% 4,5%

0,1%

1,1%

18,4%

0,5% 0,1%

5,5%0,4%

21,2%

4,0%0,1%

1,2%

8,9%

0,1%0,0%

0,3%0,3%

4,4%1,6%

1,5% 4,3%

0,4% 0,1%

13,9%

5,8%

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

AT BE CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GR HU IE IT LT LU LV MT NL PL PT SE SI SK UK Others


AeronauticsF.P.6 EU-Grant by Nationality

Mill

ions

Eur

o

Total EC Fund requested = 1 385 MEuro

Total EC Grant = 548 MEuro

Selected proposals

Non Selected proposals

1,0% 3,0%0,1%

0,4%

20,6%

0,3% 0,0%

5,6%

0,3%

26,9%

1,8%

0,1%1,3%

7,4%

0,0% 0,0% 0,2% 0,1%

4,5%0,5% 0,8%

4,7%

0,2% 0,0%

15,6%

4,7%

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

AT BE CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GR HU IE IT LT LU LV MT NL PL PT SE SI SK UK Others


FP6 Participation by NationalityAssociated & INCO States

4% 0% 0% 0% 0%4%

0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

78%

9% 4%0%

0

20

40

60

AR BS CA CL CO FK HR IN LK MA PE RU UA US ZA

Selected proposals

Third Countries

Associated States21%

42%

0% 0%

18%

2%

13%

5%

0

20

40

60

80

CH IL IS LI NO BG RO TR

Total number of proposed partnerships: 221

Total number of proposed partrnerships: 57

Nu

mb

er o

f P

rop

ose

d P

artn

ersh

ips


Pneumatic Systems

Aircraft Electrical Power Systems

Engine Electrical Systems

Actuation Systems

Power Optimized AircraftPower Optimized Aircraft A Total Aircraft Representative PhilosophyA Total Aircraft Representative Philosophy

Mo

del

sM

od

els

Mo

del

sM

od

els

Virtual Iron Bird (VIB),

Aircraft Systems Validation Rig (ASVR)

Engine

Landing Gear

Primary Controls

Primary Controls

Secondary Controls

APU

Electrical Distribution

Commercial Loads

Engine systems

Wing Anti-Ice

Environmental Control

Gearbox

Central Hydraulics

Generator

IEngine Systems

Validation Rig (ESVR)Fu

ll suite o

f Valid

ated

system

and

sub

system

mo

dels

Note: Pictures shown do not necessarily indicate the exact hardware involved in POA

Se

lec

ted

su

ite o

f Va

lida

ted

Ha

rdw

are

su

bs

ys

tem

s a

nd

co

mp

on

en

ts

Source: Lester Faleiro Liebherr-Source: Lester Faleiro Liebherr-AerospaceAerospace

40 Partners99 mio EuroTotal Costs2002 - 2005


Aeronautics Calls and Budget

(DG RTD)

2003 2004 20052002

12/ 2002

First Call

(1A)

€ 242 Mio • ~ € 193 Mio IPs (7)

• ~ € 7 Mio NoEs (1)

• ~ € 100 Mio STRPs (37)+ CAs (2)

(67%/33%)

€ 300 Mio • ~ € 124 Mio IPs (5)

• ~ € 8 Mio NoEs (1)

• ~ € 110 Mio STRPs (39)

+ CAs (1)

(55%/45%)

12 / 2003

Second Call

(2A)

3 / 2005

Third Call

(3A)

±€ 230 Mio

• ± € 120 Mio IPs+NoEs

• € 110 Mio STRPs+CAs

(52%/48%)


AeronauticsProposed IP Subjects for 3rd Call

1. Integration of technologies towards the future tilt-rotor aircraftTo integrate and validate in a scaled full-span powered model new technologies for a tilt-rotor aircraft concept paving the way for a fly demonstrator.

2. Integrated approach to an e-enabled cabin and associated logistics for improved passenger services and operational efficiencyTo integrate technologies, architectures, functions and associated services to provide passengers with office/home like services in the cabin, cabin crew with efficient means of handling services, and airlines with cabin and cargo information management tools.

3. Integrated approach to the power-by-wire aircraftTo define the standards and integrate the technologies necessary for optimised, high performance, more generic electrical equipment, components and architectures.

4. New approaches to the development and maintenance of small-size commercial aircraftTo optimise the design process for improved development and operational cost effectiveness, while integrating advanced technologies in essential specific domains.

5. Systems approach to the future low-emissions aero-engineTo integrate and asses core engine technologies with high potential for substantial improvement of thermal efficiency focusing on the ‘Intercooled-Recuperated’ concept.


AeronauticsAeronauticsProposed NoE Subjects for 3rd Call

1. Integration of research capacities on the modelling of aerodynamic flows

To strengthen European scientific/technical excellence through closer and lasting integration of the existing capabilities in high-precision numerical simulation of internal and external flows.

2. Integration of research capacities in the domain of aviation safety

To strengthen scientific/technical excellence through closer and lasting integration of the existing analytical and experimental know-how directly associated with aviation safety.


The 7° FP of the The 7° FP of the

European CommissionEuropean Commission


Collaborative research(Collaborative projects; Networks of Excellence; Coordination/support actions)

Collaborative research(Collaborative projects; Networks of Excellence; Coordination/support actions)

Joint Technology InitiativesJoint Technology Initiatives

Coordination of non-Community res. progr.(ERA-NET; ERA-NET+; Article 169)

Coordination of non-Community res. progr.(ERA-NET; ERA-NET+; Article 169)

International CooperationInternational Cooperation

CooperationCooperation

continuity

novelty

ERA-net underway

focused declared European

industrial interest

7th Framework Programme


Cooperation

• Health

• Food, Agriculture and Biotechnology

• Information and Communication Technologies

• Nano-sciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production Technologies

• Energy

• Environment (including Climate Change)

•Transport (including Aeronautics)• Socio-economic Sciences and the Humanities

• Security and Space



7th Framework Programme Budget Breakdown

Themes HealthBiotech,

Food, Agriculture

Information Society

Nano, Materials,

ProductionEnergy Transport

Socio-economic Research

Space and

Security

Cooperation 8.373 2.472 12.756 4.865 2.951 2.552 5.981 797 3.987 44.735

Ideas 11.942

People 7.177

JRC (EC) 1.824

73.213

Thematic Programmes of F.P.7

Regions of Knowledge

International Co-operation

159

European Research Council

Marie Curie Actions

Research Infrastructures

3.987 359

7.535

Total

558Capacities

Research forSMEs

Science in Society

1.914 558

Research Potential

Environment

Collaboratie research

JTIsCoordination of research programmes

International co-operation

3rd theme in budget importance


7. Transport (inc. Aeronautics)7. Transport (inc. Aeronautics)

Aeronautics and air transportAeronautics and air transport

Surface transport (rail, road and waterborne)Surface transport (rail, road and waterborne)

Support to the European global satellite navigation system (Galileo)

Support to the European global satellite navigation system (Galileo)

largest share of the theme

links (e.g. intermodality)



Objectives

2 pillars:– Further develop an air transport system for the

benefit of the citizen and society, which protects the environment and natural resources and meets the requirement for reliability, safety, quality and economic viability.

– Secure and further develop the leading role attained by the aeronautics industry in the world market = competitiveness


Aeronautics and Air Transport


Rationale– More stringent society demands in response to air transport growth

(environment, safety, travel cost, security,..)

– High socio-economic impact of the aeronautics and air transport industry.

– Significant market opportunities (14000 new aircraft needed in the next 15 years worth € 1 trillion)

– Technology-dependent sector (~ R&D = 15% of turnover), but in disadvantage with respect to its main competitors with regard to public support to its RTD effort

– All the stake holders have agreed in ACARE a Strategic Research Agenda, which calls for implementation in order to realise the Vision 2020 goals

(cf. ACARE / SRA)




Proposed Research Themes (in line with SRA-2)– The greening of air transport (also as a competitive advantage)– Increasing time efficiency– Ensuring customer satisfaction and safety– Improving cost efficiency– Protection of the aircraft and passengers– Pioneering the air transport of the future

In addition to Collaborative Research, one (or several) Joint Technology Initiative(s) is/are expected on subjects of major industrial/public interest



Joint Technology Initiatives

May Take the Form of Joint Undertakings – Article 171 of the Treaty

– “The Community may set up joint undertakings or any other structure necessary for the efficient execution of Community research, technological development and demonstration programmes”

- high flexibility - not very many cases


Joint Technology Initiatives

Identification criteria include:– “market” failure– Added value of European-level intervention; E interest– Degree and clarity of definition of objective → prototype– Strength of commitment from industry– Scale of impact on industrial competitiveness and growth – Importance of contribution to broader policy objectives

(e.g. “Single Sky”)– Capacity to attract additional national support and

leverage industry funding– Inability of existing instruments to achieve objective

no “one-size-fits-all”; bottom-up definition


Conclusions

1. Aeronautics and air transport: a European success and asset→ functions well; real policy and strategy→ implement the strategic research agenda

2. Room for new Member States and for a focussed international cooperation

3. Senior challenges ahead of us: - own European (traffic growth, environment, security, ...)- US competition and newcomers- spiraling cost of R&D (cf. ~11 Billion € for A380)

7th Framework Programme: New approach + new challenges (and new instrument :

JTI) needs strong budget !


Europe has to strengthen its effortsEurope has to strengthen its effortsto tackle the challenges in Aeronauticsto tackle the challenges in Aeronautics and Air Transport for the 21st Centuryand Air Transport for the 21st Century

Thanks to J.-L. Bonafe, Toulouse

DG RTD-H.3 Aeronautics – Milano 17/6/05 – M. Brusati La strategia di sviluppo del trasporto...

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