Da dove e quando a qui e subito !

HH22IT, Associazione Italiana IT, Associazione Italiana Idrogeno e Celle a CombustibileIdrogeno e Celle a Combustibile

Da dove e quando a qui e subito! !

H2IT Marieke Reijalt

Seminar TF arly MarketsMilano 7 aprile 2008

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Contenuti

1. H2IT2. Definizione 3. Dove- le prime infrastrutture in Europa;- le prospettive per Italia;4. Quando - prospettive sulle tecnologie per produrre H25. Qui- da dove cominciare- catene industriali di valore - prezzi6. Subito!- JTI;- Programmi nazionali - H2IT Piano di azione 2008Piano di azione 2008


H2IT - L’associazione Italiana Idrogeno e Celle a Combustibile

Nasce come Associazione nel 2004 e fa parte della FAST, Federazione Associazioni Scientifiche e Tecniche a Milano.

Si propone di:

essere un portavoce per gli attori che operano nel settore;

promuovere le attività sull’idrogeno a livello nazionale;

facilitare lo sviluppo delle infrastrutture per l’idrogeno

stabilire forte collegamenti alle iniziative internazionali


H2IT - L’associazione Italiana Idrogeno e Celle a Combustibile

Obiettivi principali per 2008:

Facilitare la rinascita della piattaforma nazionale;

Sostegno alla JTI; facilitare partecipazione italiana;

Facilitare entrata italiana nel Hydrogen Bus Alliance;

Supporto allo sviluppo locale; miscela, centri logistici;

Partner in progetti europei importanti come coordinatore dei

WP Dissemination: 6Pq: Hyapproval, H2Training, HYPER;

H2IT Roadshow 2008 visita il sito: www.h2it.org/roadshow;

Preparazione di un Roadmap verso il WorldExpo 2015.


Definizione Early Markets : IG Business Development and Early Markets (HFP)

- On site hydrogen supply systems for small service vehicles;

- FC systems and hydrogen storage components for back up power of off grid antenna installations;

- Fuel cell systems for cogeneration of condominiums, hotels and hospitals;

- Small service vehicles as forklift trucks, airport trolleys, transport on big fairgrounds;


Dove? Hydrogen deployment in 3 phases (Hyways)Dove? Hydrogen deployment in 3 phases (Hyways)

Phase Vehicles EU-wide

Regional spread of H2 use

Phase I (lighthouse projects, pre-commercial phase)

10,000 Some large-scale demonstration “first user centres” in Europe (LHPs)

Phase II (early commercialisation)

10,000-500,000

app. 2-5 “early user centres” per country** (10-25% of population totally, emerging simultaneously).

Potentially furthermore a network of transit roads for commuters out of the early user centers and between them (considered by various deployment scenarios, representing focus on private cars or captive fleets)

Phase III (full commercialisation)

>500,000

Step 1: 500,000

Step 2: 4 mill.

Step 3: 16 mill.

Extension of existing user centres and development of new hydrogen regions; dense network installed by 2030; vehicles EU-wide: one distributed and one concentrated users deployment scenario in all steps


Dove? Dove? Hydrogen deployment map Italy Hydrogen deployment map Italy

Concentrated usersDistributed users


Dove? Hydrogen intensity map – Dove? Hydrogen intensity map – Phase II (10,000 cars EU-wide)Phase II (10,000 cars EU-wide)[GWh/(a km2)]?“[GWh/(a km2)]?“

High penetration - Distributed users - Early networkd

Low penetration - Concentrated users – Late network

21% of population

94 fuelling stations

1,000 vehicles

21% of population

188 fuelling stations

1,000 vehicles


Dove? Hydrogen intensity map - Phase III-3 (16 mill cars EU-wide) [GWh/(a km2)]?

High penetration - Distributed users - Early network

Low penetration - Concentrated users – Late network

85% of population 4400 fuelling stations

2.7 mill vehicles (8%)100% of population 5900 fuelling stations

2.7 mill vehicles (8%)


Quando? Produzione di H2

CCS + (gasification/ reforming)

Coal gasification with biomass cofeeding

Bio-gasification

Bio-gas reforming(small scale)

Electrolysis large scale, using renewable electricityElectrolysis small scale, renewable electricity

Demo

2011

+/- 2008

2006

2003

Early commercial

+/-2015

+/- 2014

+/-2013

+/- 2010

Commercial

+/- 2020

2007

+/- 2018

+/-2018

2008

+/- 2016

Application

•Shell Pernis (NL), RCI R’dam (NL), RWE Cologne (G)

•Nuon, Buggenum plant (NL)

•Freiburg (G), Choren,

•Gussing (A)

•Hynor (Norway)

•Sote Vento (Es), Gaz Naturel (120 m3, 250 kg/day)

•Statoilhydro Hamburg, Reykjavik

Comments

• Capture cost with gasification is much lower, than for reforming

• Buggenum coal gasification power plant can use up to 30% of biomass as feedstock

• Beta plant being constructed; syngas supplied to Fisher-Trops reactor,15 KT/yr Bio-fuel=4 KT/yr H2)

• Biomethane as feedstock (land fills, Agriculture)

• Gas impurity bad for catalyst, Discontinuous process issue

• Large scale electrolysis is used for production of Chlorine, only appropriate when renewable electricity is abundant

• Reliability of the electrolyser (lye)


11

Quando? Hydrogen delivery mechanisms both to the fuelling station and the vehicle

DemoEarly

commercial

Commercial

Application Comments

Pipeline 2020 +/-2025 +/- 2025 •- • Urban pipelines requiredCost reduction for installation and maintenance of safety vs NG

Liquid Hydrogen 2025 2030 •- • New LHY cycles, larger production trains, production integration with other processes, storage / component enhancements

High Pressure Hydrogen (700bar+)

2005 +/-2013 +/- 2015 •Marl, Berlin (’09)

• Composite storage, higher pressures, more robust components and processes

Hydrides 2005 +/-2013 +/-2020 •HyChain•some off road niche vehicles

• Continued development of hydride mix

Fuelling StationHigh Pressure Hydrogen Supply

2003 +/-2010 2015 •many • Robustness of components• Safety• Underground systems

Fuelling StationLiquid Hydrogen Supply

2003 +/- 2012 +/- 2020 •Berlin • Robustness of components• Safety• Underground systems


Qui!


Qui!

1. Stazioni di servizi esistenti.

2. Centri logistici: 1. elevatori, 2. trasferimenti ai veicoli servizi piccoli a bassi emissioni, taxi e bus;3. sistemi di back up power.

3. Parchi eolici:California: 80.000 MW in attesa, mancanza capacità sufficiente della rete;Giappone: NEDO, National Energy Development Agency stoccaggio prerequisito per lo sviluppo del eolico in Giappone; Ungeria: problemi tecnici con connessioni;


Qui!: Rete Automotive Qui!: Rete Automotive fonte: Bocconi 2006 fonte: Bocconi 2006


Subito! prospettive FCV in 2008

Honda, Takeo Fukui, Sole 24ore, 28-02-08:“Nell’estate 2008 in Usa e in autunno in Giappone comincia la commercializzare della FCX Clarity.”

Mercedes, Dieter Zetsche, Motorshow Ginevra 07-03-08:

In 2010 inizia modesta della produzione di massa della B-Class: verso 2014-15, arrivano i modelli “distinctive, economically competitive fuel-cell, 100,000 a year.”

Fiat: Frankfurt Motorshow Fiat Aria primo modello a combustione interna alimentato dalla miscela H2 (30%V)/CNG: decine di Aria in Lombardia e Piemonte


Subito!: sviluppare catene industriali di valore

Industrial Sectors Technology Bridges Product Bridges Residues of organic material Fermentation Natural gas and other gases

Recycling of primary and secondary materials Residues of inorganic material Pyrolysis, gassification Hydrogen rich gas

Microturbines

Cogeneration

Electrical Generation Combustion engines Vehicles

Metallurgic ovens Surface treatment Printed material Equipment manufacturing Printing machinery

Engines, filters and other components

Metal membranes semi porous materials

Filters

Surface treatment

Support for metal membranes and semi

porous materials Photo catalyctic surface treatment

Air purifiers

Vernices

Sinteration Hot air treatment Other smart materials Metallurgic processes Metal powders

Thermal treatment Reducters Resistent materials


Subito!: i prezzi

AGIP Francoforte: idrogeno a €8 al kg

Valori H2:Con 1,5 kg H2 si fa 100km ;

0.089 kg/ Nm3 3 kWh/Nm3 H2


0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

16,000

18,000

20,000

2017 2017 2017 2027 2027 2027

ConcentratedUser EarlyNetworkBounds20%LH2


ConcentratedUser EarlyNetwork

NoBounds0%LH2



ConcentratedUser EarlyNetwork

NoBounds0%LH2

Pro

du

ced

hyd

rog

en [

GW

h]

NUCLEAR EL

COORIDOR

BYPRODUCT

WINDOFFSHOREWIND ONSHORE

BIOMASSONSITEBIOMASSCENTRALELECTROLYSISCENTRALELECTROLYSISONSITEHARD COAL

WASTE

LINGITE CCS

HARD Coal CCS

SMR Central CCS

SMR Onsite

SMR CentralUSERCENTRES

Hydrogen production mix and specific hydrogen costs at the pump (Hyways)

24.9 ct/kWh

13.34 ct/kWh12.4 ct/kWh

20.5 ct/kWh

10.0 ct/kWh

19.6 ct/kWh

Coal or biomass or mix of coal & biomasgasification


Subito!: i prezzi, powertrain costs (Hyways)

Moderate PR

25 $/bbl 100 $/bbl

Wind NG

0 €/t CO2 70 €/t CO2

c/kmOptimistic PR*

Cost SavingsAdditional cost

63 30

Internalisation of CO2

Crude oil

Hydrogen

Hydrogen drive system

Drivers:

Max cost differences:

Max additional

cost

6 9

Max savings

fuel

Spec. additional costs / savings* of a FCV compared to conventional vehicle

* (w/o tax)


Subito!: Iniziativa tecnologica congiunta JTI

1. JOINT TECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE proposal without further delay: the most effective instruments for concentrating industry effort & funding over the whole innovation chain;

2. LIGHTHOUSE DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS including public procurement enhance current demonstration projects towards commercialization;

3. PUBLIC PROCUREMENT & BUYERS’ POOLS – example: MOU Joint Public Procurement of H2 buses by European Cities and Regions (5 October 06);

4. STRATEGIC PROCUREMENT APPROACH for start-ups (pre- commercialization phase): include H2&FC in the current EC public procurement legislation.


Subito! Iniziativa tecnologica congiunta JTI (2)

5. REMOVE REGULATORARY BARRIERS, harmonize CODES & STANDARDS internationally – example: EC Regulation on H2 vehicles;

6. FINANCING INSTRUMENTS: specific approaches for SMEs, but also a need for new financing approaches, based on equity investments to address the specific needs of independent private developers


Subito! Implementation Plan IDA 4 Early Markets

Action reference

Action number 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

EM 1 State of the art technology

EM 2 System development Basic R&DEM 3 GeneralEM 4 Diagnostic toolsEM 5 System modellingEM 6 Reduction of complexity

7 ReformerEM ReformerEM 8 Improvement of performancesEM 9 Demonstration Alpha testingEM 10 Product development & demo


EM 12 System development Basic R&DEM 13 GeneralEM 14 Diagnostic toolsEM 15 System modellingEM 16 Reduction of complexityEM 17 Reformer

EM 18 Improvement of performancesEM 19 Demonstration Alpha testingEM 20 Product development & demo


EM 22 System development GeneralEM 23 Diagnostic toolsEM 24 System modellingEM 25 Reduction of complexity

EM 26 Improvement of performancesEM 27 Demonstration Alpha testingEM 28 Product development & demo


EM 31 System development GeneralEM 32 Diagnostic toolsEM 33 System modellingEM 34 Reduction of complexityEM 35 Improvement of performancesEM 36 Demonstration PilotEM 37 Alpha testingEM 38 Product development & demoEM 39EM 40EM 41EM 42EM 43EM 44EM 45 Getting the numbers right - socio-economics modelling

By-product H2 Power Generation

From research to market - Developing a healthy

Building the Market - Stimulating and Meeting Early

Creating Peace of Mind - Developing and

Action focusPortable Micro-FCs

Portable generators, Back-up power, UPS

Specialist vehicles


Operational Resources Breakdown 2008-2013

70.30090.100

106.800

73.800 80.900

28.100

-

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Timeframe

EC

Con

trib

utio

n(in

M€)

IDA 4

IDA 3

IDA 2

IDA 1

EC Contribution

Subito! Iniziativa tecnologica congiunta JTI - Budget


Subito!: Finanziamenti nazionali

1. Industria 2015: per efficienza energetica 200 mln per 11 area di cui area a4 ) riferisce a - celle a combustibile di 3 e 30 kW;- accumulo d’idrogeno; - termine dal 30 aprile a 30 giugno 2008;- max. €15 mln per l’intero progetto, max €5 mln/partner

2. Finanziaria 2008:€ 10 mln per la piattaforma nazionale per le tecnologie d’idrogeno e le tecnologie collegate (incl. la miscela).


Subito! Azioni H2IT

- Facilitare informazioni diretti sull’avanzamento JTI;

- Creazione di un attività di verifica delle possibilità per il WorldExpo 2015 a Milano;

- Facilitare alleanze con iniziative internazionali : Hydrogen Bus Alliance;

Contact:

Marieke Reijaltwww.h2it.org

[email protected] direct +39 340 7914751

Da dove e quando a qui e subito !

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