Aeres s1 Ensa Nantes 2011

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7/23/2019 Aeres s1 Ensa Nantes 2011 http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/aeres-s1-ensa-nantes-2011 1/36 Section des établissements septembre 2011 Rapport d'évaluation de l’École nationale supérieure d’architecture de Nantes

Transcript of Aeres s1 Ensa Nantes 2011

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Section des établissements

septembre 2011

Rapport d'évaluation de l’Écolenationale supérieure d’architecture

de Nantes

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((/%( 2011

R$ '>$.$ ( .;&.($$.( >(( $&+(&(

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L( P>( ( .AERES

Didier Houssin

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Le Directeur 

Philippe Tchamitchian

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[ > =?<?< [<>>?< ">= (E= ">=) => ? >==> ? <><=><> (E$A) =?= >?> ? =>< C?>?< > C?> (!CC), => <> ?<=? = @> = [<>>?< =><.

D?= @<< 2009, => > =?< [] ">=, = ? >> 18 000 2 & (12 000 2 =?< ?>) =><?> < = <>>= > > ==, ? V?< [? <> ?< ?< ?< ><>=. C>> >> = X?<>< <>Y, cluster <> < ??> ?< ">=,=> <=> < [ ? = = =>> =><>? = X= @<> <?,=>>?> > <><Y.

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<> > > >?, =[?> =?< >> == <><= << > =?< ? =>><=? = [=> =?<?< ? O>= [?@<=> > = <= = >< ">= &>-"<> < $= <. E => < == ? $<= [@<=> ">=, A<=, != ([ 1) ><> C< = <= = = $= <2. D > > >> <>?< ? ?<=?= <>>/?< @ [ >< ">= (EC"), = ? =><= ->= [? @[?@<=> ">= > [?>< @ [EC" > [ = =, = ==> ? = ><=(ED 498 & - &= ?< [?<, ==, <>>?< ; ED 501 D=> - D<>, -=>, =>,><<><=), = <>= @ [ ? = > @ $>[">=. U <>< <> > [<>>,[> [E= => @< = ?= O= X[?> <>?Y ==< [< <==> @<=< = ><= > = =>>?>= [<. C>> <=>@ => ?== < =><?> ?>=<><>= @ = >@>= ><<><=, = >==>= ?= <> ><? (E$CI), ? ? ( =><?>, O < @ > -=><?>) > ? ?>?< @

=?= [ ? ? >? <=? <>. C>> ?@<>?< =[> ??<[? @ @> [?><>=> = <>=.

A@ [=>> = ? ?@? =>, [E= ">= @? = >> ?>< =>< ?< ><2003 > 2009 ( 1,1 !\ 2,1 !\). [? => > =><>@ > <> <?@. C= 45,5 E'$' >>?<= > === ??= =[?>> 53 E'$' [=>= ><>?=, [? =>< 800 850 >?>= > 130 ?@? ><>= > @< ? > O= [<>> < . <= B>= <<=> 39,25 E'$. ><= = =>= => @=> << ? = = ><=<><= ? > [E= ">=. [=> => = >@> == ? << <? ?@? >.

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C>< << >? [<>>?< (C<) < 1971, =>, @ C>< <<=?< [= =< > [@<> ?< [E= G< (C<==), [? = ? <><= =>>?>= 1998 [! 1563 ? C"& A= <>>?<= > ?<= =?= >?> > ? !CC > ? C"&, > A< [A<= 2010. C>> ! >> <= 31 =>=, EC ? <?<= <<= ? === > 3 <?<=C"&. C< ><? >> ! ?< 8 =>= ? EC (> 4 E=), 4 ?<= << (!CC > C"&),5 >=, 13 ><>=. <>< => == = => > =?> = ==?= [ > = <><=> > > = = = <> <>>?<?<, [>< = == ?< [?< > = &H&. [EC" => ? ?= ? = >> ?>. <<> [@?> [A<= <@ ? = <<= ? C< <<=>> ? ><?> > = ? =>? ? <. E 2009, = <==?<= >> <> 389 000 \ <==?<=>= > 60 000 \ <==?<= <<=.

<>< =, >= ?<=, ><>= (?) < 1989, > 1990 < !CC, => ><=?< X<? [?<Y > =?< = X<= [?<>Y. I =[> [? <>< ?<=< &H&. ? > @? 2011 < [A<= (A). I => = 13 =>= ? EC, <<= ? ===, 2 ?<=,>= > >= =><>= > 5 ><>=. <= => > << = <<=. [E=><? ?< 11 =>= <<= ? ===, 2 B>=, 3 ><>=. <<> [@?> [A<= > ?[>@> =>? = <<= => ?>, @ ? < < <? [?< <=@ @> = <= [?<>. E 2009, = <==?<= >> =[@> 8 000 \ <==?<= >= > 24 500 \ <==?<= <<=. C <>< > ? <@? ?, Lieu! communs, ?=>>? [? = <<= ><?= =>?= [ > =?< = <<>= >< [<>>?< > [?<.

G<? [>? > << =? <>>?< (G<=) > < 1990 C<>-F<<> ><=< [E= ">= 1999. I > > 2005 < !CC. [? => = ><= =>= [E= > @<= ><?>?<= ><?<= <>> ? == >=. E =?> ><= ><>=, <= =[?><= <><= [= >>?< [? HD. E 2009, [?> ==> 104 000 \ <==?<= >=> 6 000 \ <==?<= <<=. [A<= <@, 2011, ? <> [?> => @> >?> ? ><>=>?, <? < ? < ?= <== ? =>?, > < ? <>>> ?=><?>?< =>?> <?, ?< ? ?> >< >> > ?< >< @ (> C).

[E= ">= => >==> == [ED & ? >>< ? C<. E =< > == ?< < ??> [ED D=> < ?. C>> ==> ? ED [ > ? >< ? => ">= > ?< ? <?@> = <<= = = = @>?<= (<<?>> <?<=,=?>= >== > HD) @ ? @=> ><> ? > =< >?> [>>>. D?= =<>, [E= ">= <>, @ [EC" > <>< >< = >= > ?=== (C$C), [I=>>?> << == > >?= @ (I&'), ? < < [? <> << (F 2488). E

@> =[==< <== [? <> F (A<>, ?>?< > ><<><=) @ = ?@<=>= ">= > [A<= = ?[@ [ > = ?-<>= ">= >< (E"&BA"!).

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[E= ">= <> = [> =?< ? =><> << @> >< > <?@<[=>. E [ > >< = >> = @< 2007 [? = =>? (C&) <= ?= >>= <=> = E= <@> ?[? == > << (C$). E [ >=?<>?> > = <>= <><?, => <? (EC", ?@<=>, ED), => >? (E= G<). <> ? =?==> > =?< >?< = <<= <> ?< >= [<>>?<, [?< > = := ><= ==?= << ?, << >, << <>?-?, << <>, =[?> >. [< ><==< ? =?=> = <<= >< = >?<= > ?<= <><= = = <>= <>?<= [@>=. C& ?> @< ? ? <@ [<> = <>>= =><>?= [E= <>< = <>= ?>= < = <><=. C>> @?>=> = @ = = <> < = $><= (DG$, -<> [<>>?< > ?>< <>>?<, D) >< [ =>>?> << < = E=. C> <> @<>?> <>?<> @=< <<< = ><> = <><= > [E= ">=.

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= <=== [E= [> = @-<=>, <>?<->, =<@ <<.D= [<< > @<< 2010, = <><= > ?< =><> ?> < ? =?><= =<@= =><>= (=><> < >?=, ? > ?>, >?). >

=><> << > = = V?@< => >< = = = = <><=.

E @< 2006, CA <>@< C&. & == ==> << = <>= = = !(=>< <<, <?<= << <> > = <>>=) > D (<>= ><=). I =>< ?=< > @<=< << = = << >, = = <>= [=>, <=< <<>> = = = ==> [>==> ?< <<< = >> <<. <=? C& > < ==? ? <>?< <>< ( ?). E < 2009, CA => ?@? C& : 6 <= <>, 6 <= = <><=, 2 <=>= ><?<=. <?@> ? C& ? ? <= 2011, <=> <=>> < ? = ?>. I => >< ? <>?<[? ?>< <><, C<, > [? = ? =>= <?= < == <= ? CA [E= 2010, <>>= ? = <= <> << = = =>= <> > [<>> [E=.

A? = ? C&, <<=>> = <><= => ?< > ?< > : 3 <<=>>=

>< 2 ?< ? > 1 ?< G<=. <>> ? C< [ED & > >O> ? ? [ED D=> <<< >> = <><=. C =>> > ?< <>@> > ?< > =><?< = <>=@>= @ = <><= ><?<=. E ?><, ?< <<> =? = >> X<Y ?@ <L> =?> <>> ; = ? =<@= (>< ?>>), > >< <> ?<= =><>=. C =?@>, = <><= > = <?<= => = <>?<= = =><>= <<. D= , ? bottom-up => =. <> [ < <>= <><= =?<= <>= > == = <@> ? <><=, @< ? <?<=, [< ? <==?<= <= >? =>= ==.

C& =>>? =<= ? => ?>?=> = <>= >< << == >?>=>< @<>> @? [=> [<> [? =><> << [E=.

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E @< 2008, [E= < ? <> = <><>= > = <>= ??= = <=>@ @<=< = <><>= ?= > <@= ?= ?>?< <>= <@> == === (=>,<<, ?= ?>?<) > < [=>> = = ?@? >> ? V?< >< >=.

[< <> [E= => @<= > ?>, >> >< [=> > ?[ >< <> <== >?. E => << < ? <= >@ = = ? = ?=> < ? <><> @ = =><?>?<= =?= > >?= < $= <.

[E= >< ? < @> @<=< == >@>= <<, < = ?>= <<= ?<><= [, <>?< > = <= ? ? Lieu! communs, [> @<=, ? <=<> = ? < < <@?= >= > ><>= > <>> <? ?= >

<=. E =>< 2010, [E= = <= = <<= <><= ><= =?< << <>>?<,?< > =< F< > E?<.

">= ? ><= ?@<>?< [ =?< => < ? >? == <>=, == <>=??= > = >> ><, ? >> = >>= @ = =>>?>= = > <= = ?[<=> =>>= (=<=, <=, =>=) =>= ? ? == > ? <?.

C= >= =>= @> >< ?= < [=, ?< >, [? >> @=? ?? XE=">=Y ? <>><> @<, ?- >? ><>? > ?=, ? @<> >? @<=>.

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F<> 45,5 E'$' [=>= >>?<= > ===, [ ? 800 850 >?>= > @< ? 95 O= [>?= <>>?< (?=> ? O [>> [<>>) <> < > 98 <> < =><, = ? [?><= O= <> >? > = [?><= <>=.[< <> [E= => @<= > = @ ><= <>= > ? O [>> [<>> :<>= > (3+2), <== >? (AE, 3+1) > ? ?<=?= <>>/?< ->>@ [EC" (7 =). C= <>= ?> =?< [>> L><= [V?@< = << (H!"#$). U= <>= =[?>> ? =><= ->= (!2 ', = > ><<><= ; !2 &>?, &= > >?= [@<> ?<) > ? O= <<= ? E= (D$EA <>>?< @, < 1990, ? <=

!2, > =<, ><= = <= ). E, [E= <> <<< ><> [<>>?< ><== ? = == <><= <<.

[E= <L> ? >==> ? > ><= =< = >< >= > ? [=> =?<?< <. [ <> >@> [< ? => ?@<=>< (< = <=,><>= =<=, ?>?=>). A<= @< = @ [EC" ? ? ?<=?= <>>/?< 2008, ><@ ?= <= [?><= <<>= >< <>>= > ?<= ( =?<?< ? = ?$>[">=) ? @ [?><= == (> > @ [ < A?). E =>?==, >, < == ? $<= [ > = ? ED. G< ? <><> << @ [E= G<, =><?> ? => ><. C>> ? <<? ?<<>> = ><?@< <= < ? ? =. A=, [?><= <>= =>< [>-= ? >< = V?@<, =>< -= = ?== > = =<@= -> >< [?@<=> ">= > [E&BA"!, ? X?<>< <>Y.

C >< <<, = [=><> (CA) [ = = @-<=> < [=>. E ><> @ C&, ? = = >?= (CE) > = 2003. CE X @> < >?>= = ?=>= <>@= ? >?= > @? <<< = == ? CA >/? @< = V?@< = <<= [=>Y ; => = @> =>= =< CA > <= < [? [>< ?. $?< == ><@?, =[? =?< ? =<@ = >?=, < ? <>?<> =>< 2007 > > <O > ==> = =><?>?<> [< <>.

=><> [=> <= ?== =?< ? ><= ==> <<. = ?[? ><= ==>= >>?<= [E= = =< <<. D= ?< <>?, = =>= @<> ===> >= <<= <<, <= << . E ? , = ?>< = [>? =>, >?> ? <>, === ? <>< << : > ><> (?), ?>?<= =><?>@= >=><>= <> (C<), <>= > >= ? <> <>>?< > ?< (C<), <>= <>>?<=

(G<=). '?= = >?>= => >= << @ < << ? ?<= ? !1. E, ? <?<=<>?< => <= ? >?>= ? @=> > << ?< ?< <> [>?=, @ ==> => = ? <><. C>> <>> => >, [ @?, < ==> [? =<> = ?ED, ? <> <<< ><> <>>?<, = [>==> [=<> = =><>@>= ><>=.

= =>= > ?? ><@ <<< ?@ >> ? << <> (2011-2015). <>> = =>= @@>= > >< =?, ?>?< >= <>>= =?< ==> [>< ?<<> [>= < ==><, =?< <> = E, =?< <O O> ? = ==>< (&6) > =?< ? <=> ad hoc (< <>==< = = ?= ><>= ? = ? ><= > <>?= > <>>?< > ?< - '$CA).

CA == = <> = = ?< @<< [?> == ==. E [= <>

><?<, > ? ? ? [>@>= <> = ?[? ?> == = >=<?= = <?= = <>= =>= (CA, CE, C&, AE) <> [= = >?<= [>==>,< ?< ?= @ [><>.

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& [?> ?< = ><= [<>>?< => < F<, >> ">= (350 =

[=<> 2000, 650 2006, 1 800 2010), => =?<<, <= <>? = <-=<>=?>= [ >, [>><>@> < [ ">=. "=, <>= =>= <?,>= ? < > = <>>= [ 1, = ? [?@<>?< ? ? ?<=?= <>>/?<@ [EC", ><?> = >><>@>.

$?< = >? [<>, [E= ? = ?@<>?< =?< < >= < [><< <><>= =>>?>=, = ==> [== =?< [] ">= > @> >[<>==. <> [? => <>?< = <>= ??= > = <><>= <>= >>@>. = = ><>= ?> = E=, >= ? => > = ?<= <>=?@<>=, => > ==. C>> ?> = ?<=?> ? ?<= = >?= < @<> [>?>,? > <> [< <>.

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C>> > => @> <=><> < < [=>= ? < = ? > = ==.> >< [<>, [E= =[=> >> @<=< = < < = <><>= @ [?><==>>?>=. < ?<= = ?<=?> = >> @ ?< @<=< = ><><= <?===. D > @?, [=> ? !2 ' => =>@ : [=> = !1 ', = ? = <>< [? !1 <, ?@<>? << [<>>?< [E=. D= >> <=>@, => =?> <=>< =><=<=== = <>= [ =>== < == ? !D : =<, <>>?< @. D$EA <>>?< @, <>< B'& > = <, < = =><?< ? =>< > @ >? !1.

<<?>> =>-?<> => < ? = E= : <=> =?< ==<, ?= ><>=@ = =>= (400 450 >= ? ? => < [=<>=). 130 >= @< => = >20 =<>= =?< => ><. C>> <?<, ? [@> = =, = =, =>=> = <>=

=>= ? <<<> @<< = >= [? ?= < < [@= ? ?<= 1< . '?>= =E= ==> > <?<<>, [= [@?> <>>> =?<< [?> >< <?==> ??<= = >?= > ==> [><. =><> [ <?==> ?<<> =[?< =?< = <=?>>= ==>. [E= ">= @<> = >< = ?< @<< [> = ==> <<?>> < ?=?@ @. U = <, = = =><>= >?= = E= ? <>>> ?< << >><?>. =?=>>?> == @> = >?=, = <= <=== ? ?=<== (AEE$$) ? ?<= ==>< =?< ? [ = <? ><O< = >= [= ? =>< = >?>= >>?<= [? , ? = < ? == ?>>? !. $<-== === = (<<> ? 20 ?> 2005), >> == ?><>, [E= ">=, ?< < [== <=?>>= > >>< = <=>= <<>>, ? <@, ?<=, ?<= = =?= =>[= = =>= ? ==><.

D= = <O ><> <> AE, == AEE$$ ><> ?=?[ 180 ==<= < . A<= ?<=>, = >= => <?= ><>. = >= <>?= ><> >?= << ==>< 1< , ?= = => <>= = = ==><= [=> <>= = ?<= ?=. C>> ==>(>=> ? ?<= ? << ==>< 1) = <= < <= [? =?=> = ==>=[><> = [?><= ==><=, ? <=? << = >= >< = >=. C>> ==, < <, < = >?>= > = <=>= ><?<=. = <>>= [> > === = >= <?= =. E, ? ? = <==>< =?< <= ==, ==?<?=?[ < <>.

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<<=>> W A' W > '$CA). = = = <> = =?=> >< @ ? <=? @>< <?= [=>= >>?<= > @><= > >? ? > ? = E= L><=> = <<?>> ==>= < = ?<= >? > <?<> ?== = @><=. C ? = => <> ? <<==>< [E= P '$CA [=> ? ? < ? =? >>?< =?< ?> =>=. A contrario, >? <<?>>= [=>= @><= < ? ? <=== <.

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A?- ? => ?@<< 1< , [E= ">= =? >>< = >= <= => 3 . => => @= ? = ><= ==. << < ==> ? = =>?><== = ? ? <?>. = <, ?= <, < < [? =?@ @? >< <= [? ?< < = > ?>< =. C? >?> > ><?@< ? ? =?< ?><, < = [? L>< =>. =>, <= < = =>=, => >< ? E >>?X <>?, < @@Y, = ? = >?>= => >= <=< ? ?>@?> ?<= ><=<<= = [>?=. E =><, => => > =?@ < = =>= ==, >? ? =>>> == [<> @? = =>=. E, H!#"$ > [> [? < <> >? <> ? = >?>= <>> <= < L><= [V?@< (@< 35 % = <>>=

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= <==?<= = ==> = ? => <==, ? ?=>< [>><> [ > <?==> = ><> = @. I @> < << > [= = >==>>?>= ? < >> <=>> > <=<@< ? <> = <==?<= ?@<>?< = Q>= <>=,[?>> ?= ?[ =[> [? =>?< ?<<> > ?<> > [>@> ?> >< =?= 'A.

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[E= ">= == [? >< < ?, <<> [>>, >?> > <<?. [, ?<<? >?>= = >@>=, => <= ? >>= <= < ? ==<. >> < < =>@>= = [=> > = =<@= =?<>= ; = => ? =>=, ? <><= <<, = = == > <>. G< ? ==> =><?> <>?, [ == @=>==?<= (2,5 = = =?<= ><?<=), => 15 ^ < >?>, < ?== <?<> = <=

?< = ><= > ? ><<== >>> ==. >> < ? @<=> [== >= @<=>= ?>= <>?= = < [=> > << >< <>>?<.

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> > = ><< = =<@= =><>= = ? =? >> = = <<<= ? > = ?= ? > =. $?< <= =><>, <=?> >> =<= ? <==[>>, << < [?< = =?<= > ?< = >= >< =<@= = ? < [=[? ? (<O ? ?<<> ?< >? ? [= <=>?<>). C[=> ? ?> <,==>> ? ?>= [<<> [? ?@ ?>.

C> >? @<= <> ? >>, = ><>= = = <>= [=>>= > === ?<< = <=>><=, = > [ = < > <. = <<= = => (?, <), <= ? << > >>, > >< >=?< ? >> ? >< 2003-2006 = < ' 20001. ?>> = =?<= == == = >= >?= > = ?== (?@<>?< = ?>=>?<= ><?<=) = ?=> > =>? < = === ?= ?= >?= (<> = >= < ) = ? >> =>=>, @< <?> = >=.

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> [?>@?> => ?< > ?= =>>, << = ? = : => ?><, <= ><O =>, > [@?> = =>=.

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= < = == = > < ><O?< =>. C= <<= ?<<> ?== <>< <?==> < >> >? ? > [> [? << < : <=> << > <<>< >> ? <>.

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Nantes < > <<? [<> =><?> >> >>, ? = =>= = =><.

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[ > =?<?< [<>>?< ">= (E= ">=), >==> ? <>< =><>=?= >?> ? =>< C?>?< > C?>, ? 800 850 @=, > 130 ><>= 1< .E @< ? > O= [<>> < . [? => <> 45,5 E'$, >>?<=> ===, > > ><@< 53 =>= ><>?=. <= B>= > 39,25 E'$. ?> =?> =[@ 3,5 !\ ?< 2009.

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> ? >> <<?= ?@<>= =?< @ ;

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!>>< = ?@? >>= ? =<@ ? @> <=> [ ;

!? <=< = <><>= ?>?< ??= <<>=, >> [><>.

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