OTYET PAIGOZIErO CEMHHAPA IIO YIIPABJIEHHK) Tl[POMbIC~OM AHTAPKTklMECKOrO KPAEA (Jla-Xoiis, I(an~c@opma, CIIIA, 26-28 anpena 1993 r.)

OTPET PAIjOPErO CEMHHAPA IIO YIIPABJIEHMK]

IIPOMHCJIOM AHTAPKTH¶ECKOrO KPAEA

( J l a - X o i i a , K a n u $ o p ~ u R , CIIIA, 26-28 anpena 1993 r.)

1 . P a G o q u k CeMMHap npOBOAMACR B H ) ~ o - ~ ~ I I ~ ~ ~ H o M qeHTpe no M3YrleHHIO

npoMbIcna, J l a - X o i i a , c 26 n o 28 anpena 1993 r. H a coseqaHm

npeACeAaTeJIbCTBOBaJI C O ~ ~ I B ~ I O ~ M ~ ~ , A-P P. X O ~ T (CmA).

A-p P. XOJIT, nYHKTbI ~ O B ~ C T K M AHR 1 , 6 , 7 , 8 M 9; A-p P. OTTO (CmA), JIYHKT ~ O B ~ C T K M A H 9 2 (i) - (z); A-p n. ~ B ~ ~ C O H ( C O ~ A M H ~ H H O ~ K O ~ O J I ~ B C T B O ) , IIYHKT ~ O B ~ C T K M AHR 2 ( i~ ) ; A-p M. ~ ~ C C O H ( C O ~ A M H ~ H H O ~ K O ~ O A ~ B C T B O ) , nYHKT ~ O B ~ C T K M AH53 3;

a -p A . Po3e~6epr (CmA), JIYHKT ~ O B ~ C T K M A H 9 4; M

A-p A. ArHbIO (CeKpeTapMaT AHTKOMa), IlYHKTbI ~ O B ~ C T K M A H 2 5 5 6.

1.4 ~ ~ [ P O ~ K T JIOBeCTKM AHR 6b1n IIOArOTOBAeH C O ~ ~ I B ~ I O I Q M M M C ~ K P ~ T ~ P M ~ T O M

AHTKOMa. 3 ~ a ~ ] [ O B C ? C T K ~ A H 9 6b1~1a npMHRTa M n p w n a r a e T c R K a K A o G a s n e ~ ~ e C.

1.6 DO M e p e Pa3BMTMR IlPOMbICJIa 3 T O r 0 BMAa H a y Y ~ b ~ f i KOMUTeT PeKOMeHAOBaJI

n p u g e p x M s a T b c r r o x p a ~ u ~ e n b ~ o f i c T p a T e r u u y n p a s n e H u r r , a T a K x e n p e A n o x l . r n

n p M H n T b paA M e p no ynpaaneHl;t.ro H a AaHHoM a ~ a n e ero P ~ B M T U R .

1.7 KOMWCCMR nonpocuna H a y s ~ b x f i KOMMTeT p a 3 p a 6 0 T a T b " ~ o J I ~ o c ~ o Y H ~ I ~ ~ nJ IaH

YnpaBJIeHMR 3KCnepMMeHTaJIbHbIM npOMb1CJIOM ~pa6a". B 4 e J r B X nOCJIeAylOqeI"0

p a C C M 0 T p e H M a H a y Y ~ b 1 ~ KOMMTeTOM H ~ C T O R ~ U ~ ~ P a 6 o ~ ~ f i CeMMHap AHTKOMa

nonpocum o n p e A e n u T b MepbI M ruar t r , H ~ O ~ X O A M M ~ I ~ Ansr n o n y r I e H M r r B p e 3 y n b ~ a ~ e

3KCnepMMeHTaJIbNOrO I'ipOMbICJIa ~pa6a U H @ O P M ~ ~ H M , l l 0 3 ~ 0 J r R ~ ) q e f i OqeHMTb

H a A J I e X w M e YPOBHU 3KCiIJIYaTauMM M MeTOAbI BeAeHMR llpOMbICJIa B COOTBeTCTBMM

CO CTaTbef i K O H B ~ H ~ U M (CCAMLR-XI, nYHKTbI 9.48-9.50).

1.8 a e n a ~ ~ Pa6orliero c e M t I H a p a (SC-CAMLR-XI, nyHKT 4 .17 ) 6b1nu:

(i) pa3pa60~~a IIOAXOAa K YnpaBJIeHMIO 3TMM IIPOMbICJIOM, K O T O P ~ I ~ ~

IIO3BOJIMT WG-FSA M3MePMTb:

(a) IIpOF(YKTMBH0CTb M YMCJIeHHOCTb 3 a n a C a ; M

(b) ~ 0 3 ~ e f i c T ~ U e pa3JIUrlHbIX nPOMbICJIOBbIX ~ T p a T e r M f i ;

kMQ)OPMAIJHX 0 3AIiACE PARALOMIS SPINOSISSIMA

2.2 Pa6o~ui4 c e M u H a p p a c c M o T p e J r MH@OPM~UI.IK) o Paralomis ssp., C o A e p m a q y m c r r B AOKYMeHTaX WS-Crab-93/4,% M 25, a T a K X e WG-FSA-92/29. Pa6osasr rpynna OTMeTMJIa,

r t ~ o B IIo~paZio~e 48.3 O ~ W T ~ M T Ass BMAa Paralomis. BUA Paralomis spinosissima

n p e A c T a s n r r e T 60nbm~fi c r n T e p e c , n o c K o n b K y OH rrBArrnca O ~ ~ ~ K T O M nosa B TerIeHMe ce3o~a 1992 r., a YTO K a c a e T c r r BcrAa Paralomis formosa, TO OH T a K x e B c T p e Y a e T c r r B

~ O J I ~ I U U X KOJIMYeCTBaX M MOXeT CTaTb KOMMePYeCKMM BMAOM B 6 y ~ y 1 & e ~ .

2.3 Y ~ T M X ABYX BMAOB a H a n o r t I q n o e reorpa@usec~oe p a c n p e A e n e H u e - OHM

BCTpeYaIOTCS M e X A y MOpeM C K O T M ~ M BOABMM KOHTMHeHTaJIbHOrO lIIeJIb@a K ) x H o ~ ~

A M ~ P M K M , M H e BCTPeYaIOTCR B BOAaX B O C T O Y H O ~ ~ YaCTM A T J I ~ H T M Y ~ C K O ~ O MJIM

T t r x o r o OKeaHOB. k I h 4 e ~ l l q M e ~ R AaHHbIe, CyMMHpOBaHHbIe B pa6o~e M a ~ @ e p c o H a

(wS-Crab-93/25), yKa3bIBaIOT H a TO, YTO P. ~ p i n ~ ~ i ~ ~ i m a BCTpeYaeTCR B pafio~ax K

3 a n a A y OT 34' AOJIrOTbI A 0 46' IOXH0fi UIMPOTbI H a ~ J I Y ~ M H B 132-824 M. B CeBepHOM

H a n p a s n e H u u apean Paralomis formosa n p o c T u p a e T c a ~ ~ M ~ J I u ~ u T ~ J I ~ H o AO 37'

I O X H O ~ ~ IIIMPOTbI, M 3AeCb OH BCTpeYaeTCR H a m y b u ~ a x A 0 1 600 M. A ~ H H ~ I ~ , IIOJIyYeHHbIe B XOAe M C ~ ~ H C K O ~ ~ ~ p a J I 0 ~ 0 f i C'beMKM ( 1 9 8 7 U 1991 IT.), yKa3bIBaIOT H a

TO, YTO 06a BMAa O ~ U T L M T K wry OT m X H 0 f i r e0p rMI4 (56' I0.m.) (WS-Crab-93/19), HO H e

BCTpeYaIOTC5l B BOAaX K ) X H ~ I X O P K H ~ ~ ~ C K M X MJIM ~ X H ~ I X C ~ H A B U Y ~ B ~ I X 0-BOB.

M H @ O P M ~ ~ M [ M 06 UX YMCJIeHHOCTM B p a f i 0 H a x BHe I I o ~ p a f i o H a 48.3 MaJIO. H~CMOTPR

H a TO, YTO B HaCTOSIWeM OTYeTe PaCCMaTPUBaeTC5l TOJIbKO BMA P. ~pinosi~sima,

coaepmaquecrr 3 ~ e c b n p e A n o m e H u s 06 u c c n e A o s a H M M 6 ~ 0 ~ 1 o r u ~ e c ~ u x n a p a M e T p o B

M c6ope AaHHbIX B ~ O J I ~ I I I M H C T B ~ CJIyYaeB KaCaIOTCS 0 6 0 ~ ~ BMAOB.

2.4 POA P U r U l 0 m i s BXOAMT B C ~ M ~ ~ ~ C T B O Lithodidae - MflrKOXBOCTbIe ~ p a 6 b 1 (Zl . t l~m~rall) , KOTOpOe TeCHO CBsl3aHO C PaKaMM-OTmeJIbHMKaMM. B AaHHOe C ~ M ~ ~ C T B O

BXOAST POAbI Lithodes M Paralithodes, KOTOpbIe YLCTO Ha3bIBaIOT KOPOJIeBGKMMM MJIM

KaMeHHbIMM ~ p a 6 a ~ u , a T a K X e npeACTaBJI5lIOT M3 ce6rr BaXHbIe KOMMepYeCKMe BMAbI BO BceMMpHoM ~acm~a6e . POA Paralomis B c T p e s a e T c a BO B c e x o K e a H a x MMpa 3a

McKnroueHueM C e ~ e p ~ o - n e ~ o ~ u ~ o r o o K e a H a M 06b1YH0 H a 60JIbmMX ~ J I ~ ~ M H ~ X .

O A H ~ K O B IOXHbIX OKeaHaX IIpeACTaBMTeJIM 3 T O r 0 P O A a BCTpeYaMTCSl B BOAaX

KOHTMHeHTaJIbHbIX I I I ~ J I ~ @ o B M CKJIOHOB. I I P o M ~ I c ~ J I para lo mi^ granulosa, HaI lpMMep,

2.5 M R F I ~ K O X B O C T ~ I ~ OTJIMYaIOTCR OT UCTUHHbIX ~ p a 6 0 B ( B r a c h y u r a ) TeM, YTO y

c a M o K H e T c n e p M a T e K , u OHM H e M o r y T 3anaca~b c n e p M y Anrr nocaegymqero OnJIOAOTBOpeHUII UKPUHOK. C ~ M K U MRrKOXBOCTbIX ~ p a 6 o ~ I'IpUHUMaIOT YYaCTUe B

CnapUBaHUM M MeYYT UKPY Cpa3Y IIOCJIe JIMHbKU - OllJIOAOTBOPeHMe IIPOMCXOAUT BO BpeMR UJIU C p a 3 y nOCJIe MeTaHUR. Pa3~ep U qMCJIeHHOCTb CLMUOB MRrKOXBOCTbIX

~ p a 6 0 ~ OTHOCUTt?JIbHO CaMOK B03MOXHO UrPaIOT 6onee BaXHYH) POJIb B ynpaBJIeHUM

npOMbICJIOM MRrKOXBOCTbIX ~ p a 6 o ~ , H e X e n u B YnPaBJIeHUU K P ~ ~ ~ M M Brachyura. TO B

O C O ~ ~ H H O C T M I lOATBepXAaeTCR B CJIyYae, eCJIU Ce3OH J I M H ~ K M / C ~ ~ P M B ~ H M I I

HenpOAOJIXUTeJIeH. Koppensqt~sr CPOKOB JIUHbKU M CIlapMBaHMR T a K X e MOXeT

BJIMS3Tb H a CPOKM nPOMbICJIOBbIX Ce30HOB.

2.6 Pa6o~trfi CeMHHap PaCCMOTpeJI UMeIO~yIOCR M H @ O P M ~ ~ U K ) 0

B O C ~ ~ O M ~ B O A C T B ~ P. spinosissima B IIonpako~e 48.3 u oTMeTcIn cneaywqee:

(i) B ~ ~ o S ~ T H O , YTO p a 3 M e p n P U AOCTUXeHMU nOJIOB03PeJIOCTM H U X e B

p a k o ~ e CKaJI mar, YeM Y K ) x H o ~ ~ r e 0 p r U U . A J I J I o M ~ T ~ M Y ~ c K M ~

MCCJIeAOBaHMR KJIeIIIHM YKa3bIBalOT H a TO, YTO CaMqbI AOCTMr'aIOT

n o ~ 1 o ~ o 3 p e ~ o c ~ u n p M AJIUHe n a H q U p R 66 MM Y CKaJI mar U 75 MM H a

K ) x H o ~ ~ r'eoprut~. Pa3n~rl.~sr B p a 3 M e p e c a M o K npu ~ O J I O B O ~ ~ ~ J I O C T U (Ha

OCHOBaHMU YaCTOTbI sZIqe06pa3y10q~x oco6ek n o p a 3 M e p H O M y K J I ~ C C Y )

M e H e e OYeBUAHbI; 50% CaMOK MMeJIO UKPUHKU n p U AJIUHe ITaHqMpR 62 MM

( A ~ H H ~ I ~ C K O M ~ M H M P O B ~ H ~ I AAS3 0 6 0 U x ~ ~ ~ o H o B ) . T ~ M H e MeHee,

MMHMMaJIbHbIe U CpeAHNe AJIMHbI ~ t i ~ e 0 6 p a 3 y m q ~ x CaMOK 6b1JIki MeHbllIe

B p a k o ~ e cKan mar, s e M H a K ) X H O ~ r e 0 p r ~ 1 . i . O n p e ~ e n e ~ ~ e p a 3 M e p a npn

AOCTMXeHMe nOJIOB03peJIOCTU 6b1no 3 a T p y A H e H O B CBR3U C BbICOKUM

YPOBHeM nPUCYTCTBUR P U ~ O ~ € ? @ ~ J I ~ H O B ~ I X l lapa3MTOB. Pa3~ep

akqeo6pmymqux CaMOK HenOCpeACTBeHHO CBS3a.H C @ ~ H K ~ U O H ~ J I ~ H O ~ ~

nOJIOBO3peJIOCTbIO. Eb1JI 0 6 c y X ~ e H BOnpOC 0 BOBMOXHOCTM TOrO, YTO

M O P @ O M ~ T P M Y ~ C K B R nOJIOB0BpeJIOCTb B CJ IyUae CaMqOB MOXeT I4 H e

6 b 1 ~ b HenOCpeACTBeHHO C B R ~ ~ H H O ~ ~ C A J I H H O ~ , n p U K O T O P O ~ CaMqbI H a

CaMOM AeJIe npUHUMaIOT YYaCTMe B CnaPUBaHMU U, TaKUM O~PZGOM,

AOCTMraIOT @ Y H K ~ U O H ~ J I ~ H O ~ ~ IlOJIOBOBpeJIOCTU.

1992 r., nOKa3bIBaIOT, YTO CnapMBaHMe BepOSTHO npOMCXOAMT B TeYeHMe

6bnbmefi YaCTM rOAa . Ha6JIIOAaJIMcb CJIeAyIOII(Me CTaAMM Pa3BUTMS - OT

BHeUIHMX MKPMHOK, nOKa3bIBaH)~MX TOJIbKO 0 6 p m o ~ a ~ ~ e ~ J I ~ C T O ~ ~ U C K O B

a0 IIOJIHOCTbIO pa3BMTbIX MKPMHOK B CTaAMM BbIJIynJIeHMS. T a ~ x e YaCTO H ~ ~ J I I O A ~ J I U C ~ CaMKM, HOCSII(Me OCTaTKM BbIJIYIlMBIIlMXCSI MKPMHOK. XOTS

3TM H ~ ~ J I I O ~ ~ H M R YKa3bIBaIOT H a ~ P O ~ O J I X M T ~ J I ~ H ~ I ~ ~ n e p M O A H e p e C T a , 6e3

UpOBeAeHMS Ce30HHOrO MOHMTOPMHra H e SCHO, IlPOMCXOAMT JIM H e p e C T

B ~ O ~ Y J I S ~ M M B Ter leHMe B c e r o roaa, ECJIM V a c T o T a H e p e c T a u M e e T

~ e 3 0 ~ ~ b I f i X a p a K T e p , TO CPOKM er0 MOrYT BJIMSTb H a IlpOCTpaHCTBeHHOe

PaCI IpeAeJ IeHUe CaMqOB CPaBHeHMIO C CaMKaMM YaCTOTY JIMHbKM.

(iii) KoJIMY~cTBo HeAaBHO Ol7JIOAOTBOpeHHbIX MKPMHOK Y P. S p i ~ l ~ S i S ~ i m a BapbMpOBaJIOCb OT I ~ ~ M ~ J I M ~ u T ~ J I ~ H o 2 000 A 0 14 000 M BO3paCTaJIO

3KCnOHeH~MaJIbHO no M e p e yBeJIMYeHM5I AJIMHbI n a H q M p S . O T H O I ~ I ~ H M ~ nJIOA0BMTOCTM K AJIMHe BMAa P. S p i n o ~ i S S i m a ~ ~ I J I O CpaBHeHO C TaKOBbIM y BMAa Lithodes aequispina, 0 6 M ~ a r o q e r o B pafio~e A n e y ~ c ~ u x 0-BOB. H ~ C M O T ~ S H a TO, YTO nJIOAOBMTOCTb P. S P ~ Y ~ O S ~ S S ~ ~ ~ H a OAMH ITOpSAOK

HMXe, YeM Y MHOrMX APYrMX BMAOB, ITPM ~1106021 AJIMHe Cpef iHRR n n o A o B M T o c T b P. spinosissima 6 y ~ e ~ m m e , rIeM y L. aequispina.

Y Y ~ C T H M K M OTMeTMJIU, YTO IIOnOJIHeHMe B l7OnYJIRQMSX A p y r M X K P ~ ~ O B

M P ~ K O O ~ P ~ ~ H ~ I X MMeBT BeCbMa M ~ M ~ H Y M B ~ I ~ ~ X a p a K T e p M H e

0 6 ~ 3 a ~ e J I b ~ 0 TeCHO CBS3aHO C nPOM3BOACTBOM MKPMHOK n p M A ~ H H O R

YMCJIeHHOCTM I I O n y J I S ~ M M . T ~ M H e MeHee , H e CJ IeAyeT MrHOpMpOBaTb

3HaYeHMe ~ a 6 J I I O ~ e ~ b i f i 36 IIJIOAOBMTOCTbIO M MX I lpHMeHeHMe B

n o H M M a H m B ~ ~ U M O O T H O ~ ~ H M ~ " 3 a n a c / n o n o n ~ e ~ ~ e " B cnyvae Paralomis SSP. IIOMUMO 3TOr0 , YYaCTHMKM OTMeTMJIM, YTO 6b1~10 6b1 XeJIaTeJIbHO

OnMCaTb CBS3b M e X A y KOJIMYeCTBOM BbICMXMBaeMbIX ~ M ~ P M O H O B M

p a 3 M e p O M H a 6onee n03AHMX CTLAMSX 3 ~ 6 p ~ o ~ 1 o r ~ ~ e c ~ o r o Pa3BMTMR C

QeJIbIO OueHKM KOJIMYeCTBa BbIJIYnMBIIIMXCS JIMYMHOK.

(iv) D ~ H H ~ I ~ 0 AMaMeTpe OOQMTOB OTHOCMTeJIbHO CTaAMM Pa3BMTMS BbICMXMBaeMbIX ~ M ~ P U O H O B yKa3aJIM H a TO, YTO y P. ~ p i n 0 S i S S i m a H e p e C T

H e n p o w c x o A u T cpmy nocne BbIJrynaeHkirr. E c m npefinonoxwrb, YTO

3 ~ 6 p ~ o n o r ~ ~ e c ~ o e pmBMTMe n p o A o n m a e T c r r B T e r I e n M e o A H o r o r o A a M

YTO BMTeJIJIOreHe3 nPOMCXOAMT ~ ~ M ~ J I M ~ u T ~ J I ~ H o PaBHOMePHbIM

TeMnOM, TO B03MOXH0, YTO H ~ P ~ C T O B ~ I ~ UMKJI 6 ~ ~ 3 0 ~ K ABYM rO@-M. TO

6b1~10 6b1 1 1 0 ~ 0 6 ~ 0 HepeCTOBOMy qMKJIy L. aequispina, K O T O P ~ I ~

XapaKTepM3yeTCS TeM, YTO OH BCTPeYaeTCS B TaKMX Xe ~ J I Y ~ W H H ~ I X

cnosx B c e ~ e p ~ o f i ZracTM T t r x o r o o K e a H a , ero 3 ~ 6 p u o n o r ~ s e c ~ ~ f i

n e p M O A AJIMTC5l OAMH rOA, OH MMeeT ~ H ~ J I o ~ M Y H ~ I ~ p a 3 M e p MKPMHOK U

cnoco6e~ H a n e q w ~ o ~ p o @ u l ~ e c ~ o e n a p s a a b H o e pa3BMTMe. 06cyx~a.rxcs BOnpOC 0 BO3MOXHOCTM HaJIMYMS P . S P ~ ~ O S ~ S S ~ W ~ C ~ JI~J.&MTPO@HY~CKMX,

~ ~ H T M U ~ C K M X JIMYMHOK, nOCKOJIbKy TaKOrO TMna X M ~ H ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ QMKJI

M o m e T BJIMSIT~ H a B ~ ~ M M O C B H ~ M "3anac/nono~1~e~ue".

2.7 ~ Y ~ C T H M K M OTMBTUJIM, YTO 38 MCKJIIOYeHMeM BbILIIeYKa3aHHbIX AaHHbIX no BOCnPOM3BOACTBy M OrpaHUYeHHOrO KOJIMYeCTBa M ~ ~ 0 p ~ a u M 1 . i 0 rIaCTOTe AJIUHb1,

MMeeTCfi O Y e H b MaJIO U H @ O P M ~ ~ U U 0 XM3HeHHOM uMKJIB, a T a K X e ~ K o J I o ~ M Y ~ c K O ~ ~ M

~ M o J I o ~ u Y ~ c K o ~ ~ MH@OPM~I&MM. B CBS3M C o ~ ~ ~ H M Y ~ H H o ~ ~ nJlOI4aAbIO BeAeHMH

npOMbICJIa, H a K O T O P O ~ ~ C O ~ M P ~ J I M C ~ BCB ~ M O J I O ~ M Y ~ C K M ~ AaHHbIe, CJ IeAyeT 0 6 p a ~ M ~ b

oco6oe BHMMaHMe H a PerUOHaJIbHbIe pa3JrMYUS BO BCeX I I a p a M e T p a X .

M c I I ~ H c K o ~ ~ ~ p a J I 0 ~ 0 f i C'beMKM, ~ ~ o B o ~ M B I I I ~ ~ ~ c R HaA KOHTMHeHTaJIbHbIM I I I ~ J I ~ @ o M I4

BOAaMU CKJIOHa B a p X M n e J I a r e M O P S CKOTMS, Kp86b1 BCTPeYaJIMCb TOJIbKO B pafi0~ax

K ) x H o ~ ~ r e ~ p r k i ~ M CKaJI mar. C O ~ J I ~ C M J I U C ~ , YTO C T ~ ~ H ~ M - P J I ~ H ~ M AHTKOMa

CJIeAyeT I IOnbITaTbCa ~ 0 6 p a ~ b M M ~ I O ~ M ~ ~ C ~ I , H ~ o I I ~ ~ J I M K o B ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ MaTepMaJI no

r e o r p a @ m e c ~ o ~ y pacnpe ,qeJ reHHm ~ p a 6 o ~ B W X H ~ I X OKeaHax .

2.9 P ~ J I M ~ I M S I B CpeAHeM p a 3 M e p e l4 AJIMHe HpM AOCTMXBHMM nOJIOBO3peJIOCTM

M e X A y O C O ~ X M H B pafio~ax K ) x H o ~ ~ re0prMM M CKaJI mar HaBOAflT H a MbICJIb 0

B03MOXHOCTM CYIIJeCTBOBaHMS AMCKPeTHbIX 3anaCOB. B XOAe AMCKYCCM~~ 6b1JI0

O T M e q e H o , YTO ~ o p @ o n o r ~ . q e c ~ u e M ae~orpa@muec~ue u c c n e A o s a H M s m a B H b I M

06pa30~ MCnOJIb30BaJIMCb AJIH MA~HTI . IC~~MK~L&MM 3itnaCOB K P ~ ~ O B , M YTO HeAaBHMe

MCCJIeAOBaHMs AeMOHCTpMpOBaJIM nOJIb3y reHeTMYeCKMX MeTOAOB M A ~ H T M @ M K ~ ~ I . I U

3anaCOB. T ~ K x ~ IIPOBOAMJIMCb MCCJIeAOBaHMS C nOMOIIJbIO MeYeHMS AJIR

o n p e A e n e H M s p a 3 n w z H b r x ~ a n a c o ~ B uensx y n p a s J r e H u s n p o M b r c n o M . B q e a o M

COrJIaCMJIMCb, YTO pa3JIMYMS B A ~ M O ~ ~ ~ @ M Y ~ C K U X XapaKTepMCTMKaX YaCTO 6b1JII-i

CYqeCTBeHHbIMM HaCTOJIbKO, Y ~ 0 6 b 1 pa3AeJIbHO aHaJIU3MpOBaTb nOnyJISEqMM H a

Pa3HbIX YYaCTKaX, A a X e eCJIM CYMTaTb llOIIyJI5lqMM YaCTSMU O A H O ~ M ~ 0 f i Xe

p a 3 ~ ~ 0 ~ a I O ~ e f i c S I eAMHHubI ( ~ M M ) B reHeTUYeCKOM IIJIaHe.

2.10 P a 6 o ~ ~ f i CeMMHap IlpeAJIOXMJI, YTO nOMMMO ~ M O ~ O ~ M Y ~ C K M X M IlPOMbICJIOBbIX

AaHHbIX, CJ IeAyeT co6upa~b M O K ~ ~ H O ~ ~ ~ @ M Y ~ C K U ~ AaHHbIe. Ecnu 3TM AaHHbIe

UMeiOTCS B A P Y r U X UCTOYHUKBX, TO UX C n e A y e T K O M ~ M H U ~ O B ~ T ~ C ~ U O J I O ~ U Y ~ C K M M U .. UaHHbIMU. B ~ O J I ~ I U M H C T B ~ n 0 l I y J I S ~ M f i ~ p a 6 o ~ ~ a 6 n 1 o ~ a m ~ c r r 3HailMTeJlbHbIe

U3MeHeHMS B p a 3 M e p e CO BpeMeHeM, u T 0 MOXeT 6 b 1 ~ b CBS3aHO C @ ~ K T O ~ ~ M U

0 K p y X a I O w e f i CpeAbI. ) ] K ~ J I ~ T ~ J I ~ H O co6kipa~b M H $ O P M ~ % ~ M M 0 Ce30HHbIX

T e M l l e p a T y p a X BOAbI MI, B03MOXH0, TeYeHMSX. ~ T M AaHHbIe J I e r Y e BCerO n0JIYYMTb

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MOMeHTaJlbHYH) 3anMCb Y C J I O B U ~ ~ B K ~ K O ~ - A M ~ O KOHKpeTHOe BpeMS. O A H ~ K O ,

npUHMMaS BO BHMMaHMe OrpaHMYeHHOe IlpOMbICJIOBOe yCMJIM€!, C nOMOwbM TaKOrO

MeTOAa B p S A JIM BOBMOXHO IlOJIyYeHMe nOAe3HOrO ~a6opa XpOHOJIOIXYeCKM

lTOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHbIX ALHHbIX.

2.11 YY~cTHMKM COrJIaCMJIMCb, YTO B ~ a H H b 1 f i MOMeHT ~au6onee B a X H O IIOJIyYMTb

U H @ O P M ~ ) ~ U K ) 0 POCTe IT0 pa3MepHbIM r p y l l n a M , CMepTHOCTU M rlMCJIeHHOCTM 3 a l l a C a .

B HaCTOrm(ee B p e M S J I e r Y e BCerO OqeHMTb 3TM @LKTOP~I ll0 aHaJIOrMM C APYrMMM

BuAaMM M 3 a n a c a M H . 06cyx~anocb s a a i l ~ o ~ e f i c ~ s u e n a p a M e T p o B B O C ~ ~ O M ~ B O A C T B ~

M XM3HeHHOrO VMKJIL C OTHOIUeHMSMM " ~ ~ I ~ ~ c / ~ o I I o J I H ~ H M ~ " , a T a K X e 3 H a Y e H U e

lTapa3MTM3Ma. YY~CTHMKM COrfiaCMJIMCb, YTO H a 1 1 p M 0 6 p e ~ e ~ M e ~ e ~ o r p a @ M Y e c K ~ f i

MH@OPM~QMI.I ITOBAMSeT CeJIeKTMBHOCTb AOByIzIeK n p M npOMbICJIe. E b ~ n o

n p e A J I O X e H 0 npOBeCTM CpaBHMTeJIbHbIe llpOMbICJIOBbIe 3KCnepMMeHTbI C JIOByIlIKaMM

C KPYIlHbIM M MeAKMM p a 3 M e p O M S v e M I4 JIOBymKaMM M TpaJraMM.

2.12 Hccne~osa~u r r B xoae 3 K c n e p t I u e H T a n b H o r o n p o u b r c n a K p a 6 0 B y K a 3 a n t r H a TO, YTO B H e K o T o p b I x pafio~ax 6onbmoe K o n m e c T B o oco6efi P. spinosissima 6 b 1 n o

u ~ $ u r l u p o ~ a ~ o p ~ 3 0 q e c i j a n a ~ o s b 1 ~ ~ n a p a 3 m a M M . T a ~ x e H ~ ~ J ' I I o A ~ J I M c ~ M H @ ~ K ~ ~ . I U

MMKPOCIIOPMAMRMM, HO B r O p a 3 A O ~ e H b I U e f i CTeneHU. H ~ M B ~ I C I I I M ~ ~ YPOBeHb

3apaxe~usr ~ a 6 n m ~ a n c ~ y ~e6onbmux oco6efi o6oero nona, np t r seh l : c n y s a e B

3 a p a ~ e ~ u ~ 6 b 1 n o 6 o n b m e B pafio~e IOXHOZ~ r e o p r u ~ , YeM C K ~ J I mar. Oc061-i P . f0rm0sa H e ~ ~ I J I U M H @ M L & M P O B ~ H ~ I 3TMMM napa3MTaMM (WG-FSA-92/29). TaK KaK H a

PaHHMX CTaAMSX 3 a p a X e H M e SBJISeTCS " K ~ M I ~ T u Y ~ c K U M " , YMCJIO P M ~ o ~ ~ @ ~ J I ~ H O B ~ I X M

~ u ~ p o c n o p w g t r f i c K o p e e B c e r o 3 a ~ u x e ~ o .

p ~ 3 o q e t p a n a ~ o ~ b 1 ~ ~ Anrr nonynsrqucr P. spinosissima; B AoKyMeHTe WS-Crab-93/7

0 6 0 6 r q e ~ ~ b r e MOAenM CBMAeTeJIbCTByIoT 06 BTMX ~OCJIeACTBMRX. B p e 3 y J I b T a T e

(i) sepoamo, YTO p a 3 M e p H e p e c T y m w e r o 3anaca nonynrrym c B ~ I C O K M M

YPOBHeM 38paXeHMSI P U ~ O ~ ~ @ ~ ~ J I ~ H O B ~ I M M 6 y a e ~ MeHbIIIe p a 3 M e p a

H e p e c T y r o w e r o 3anaca ~AOPOBOZ~ n o n y n ~ q ~ ~ ;

(ii) K O B @ @ I . ~ ~ U ~ H T H e p e c T y m w e r o 3anaca ( O ~ J I ~ B J I M B ~ ~ M O ~ SSN' /~eo6na~- n u B a e M o e S S N ) y M e H b m a e T c a no M e p e y B e n u Y e l r u a n p o ~ b r c n o ~ o k

CMepTHOCTM TOJIbKO TOrAa, KOrAa 06nasn~sam~crr 3AOpOBbIe XMBOTHbIe.

TO IIOATBepXAaeTCR M IlpM OTCYTCTBMM llapa3MTM3Ma, OAHaKO

" o ~ n p a ~ ~ a r r T O U K ~ " MnM ~ e o 6 n a s n u s a e u b 1 $ i y p o s e H b H e p e c T y m r q e r o

3arraca 6 y ~ e ~ H M x e npM n m 6 o ~ 3 a p a x e ~ u ~ ; M

(iii) npbi I'IpOMbICJie 3AOPOBbIX I4 M H @ C I ~ M P O B ~ H H ~ I X XMBOTHbIX K O ~ @ @ U ~ M ~ H T

H e p e c T y r o w e r o 3anaca y u e H b I u a e T c r r MeAneHHee , s e M B cnyqae o6nosa

Tof ibKO 3AOPOBbIX ocobefi; B HeKOTOpbIX CJIyYaHX M O X e T MMeTb MeCTO

ysentiveme H e p e c T y m w e r o 3anaca npu o T H o c M T e n b H o H M ~ K O M y p o B H e

IT~oM~IcJ IoBo$~ CMePTHOCTM.

2.14 E b 1 n o OTMeYeHO, YTO ITPM MOAeJIMPOBaHMM CMTYaQMM B a X H O YYMTbIBaTb

AMHaMMKy IlOllOJIHeHMR KaK r iapa3MTa, TaK M X03RMHa. B CBR3M C BTMM T a K X e

n p e A c T a B n s e T c s samHbrM o n p e A e J r s r T b p a c n p e A e n e H M e JIMYMHOK M M A ~ H T M @ M -

4MPOBaTb 3anaCbI .

2.15 H ~ C M O T ~ R H a TO, s T 0 pM30~e@aJIaH0Bb1e MMeIoT TeHAeH9MIQ BbI3bIBaTb

YBenMYeHMe OTHOCMTeJIbHOrO KOJIMYeCTBa CaMOK B lT0llyARqMM P. spinosissima, 6 a 1 n o

OTMeYeHO, YTO YPOBeHb HaJIMYMR IIapa3MTM3Ma Y CLMIJOB BbIIUe, YeM Y CaMOK. B

xoAe n o n e B o r o M c c n e A o s a n M s H a n u s M e n n e o n o A o B C ~ M T ~ J I O C ~ n o K a 3 a T e n e M

XeHCKOrO lT0318.

' SSN - qucnennocTb nepec~y lo~ero aanaca

316

2.17 H ~ C M O T ~ S H a TO, YTO p a 3 M e p ~ o J I ~ ~ M H c T B ~ oco6efi P . ~pinosis~ima,

U H @ M ~ M ~ O B ~ H H ~ I X ~ M ~ ~ I . & ~ @ ~ J I ~ H o B ~ I M M , 6b1n M e H b U e I'IpUHflTOrO MMHMManbHOrO

pa3~epa (WG-FSA-92/29), 6 b 1 n o PeIIIeHO, YTO YHMYTOXeHMe M H @ U ~ U P O B ~ H H ~ I X oco6efi

BepOSTHO I lpMHeCeT nOJIb3y I'IOI'IyJISl~LiM ~pa6a. CUMT~JIM, YTO B03MOXHOCTb

~anb~eZimero aapaxe~us 6 y ~ e ~ y c T p a H e H a n y T e M p a 3 ~ p 0 6 J I e H M S K p a 6 0 B M

B O 3 B p a e H M S MX B M o p e .

2.19 He MMeJIOCb MH@oPM~I.&MM, ~0ryI4ek y K a 3 a T b H a TO 6 b 1 ~ k i JIM BbICOKMe YPOBHM

I'Iapa3MTM3Ma JIOKaJIM30BaHHbIM HAM paCI'Ip0CTpaHeHHbIM SBJIeHMeM. ~ H @ O P M ~ Y M K I

I'IO 3TOMY BOI'IPOCY MOXHO I'IOJIYYMTb I IyTeM BHaJIM3a AaHHbIX 0 ~ a c m ~ a 6 e

3 a p a X e H M S H a OCHOBe AaHHbIX "38 K a X A O e OTAeJIbHOe T ~ ~ J I ~ H M ~ " , I'IpMHMMaR BO

BHMMaHMe MeCTOI'IOAOXeHMfl YJIOBOB.

2.20 P a c n p o c ~ p a ~ e ~ ~ e r r a p a 3 ~ ~ ~ 3 ~ a p u 3 0 y e @ a ~ a ~ o s b r x H e c o M H e H H o B n m e T H a

, q e M 0 ~ p a @ M Y e ~ K M e XapaKTepMCTMKM M 3aBMCMMOCTM I'IOnOJIHeHUS 3 a I l a C a B J I W ~ O M

3 a n a C e . AAS TOrO, Y T O ~ ~ I I IpeACKa3aTb 3 T 0 BJIMSHMe H a A ~ M o ~ P ~ @ M Y ~ c K M ~ XapaKTepMCTMKM M BbIJIOB, CJIeAyeT 6onee I ' I O A ~ O ~ H O M3yYaTb B ~ ~ U M O A ~ ~ ~ C T B M S

" x o ~ S U H / I ' I ~ P ~ ~ M T " MeTOAOM MOAeJIMPOBaHMR.

3.1 l j b 1 . U ~ M A ~ H T M @ M ~ M ~ o B ~ H ~ I pa3HbIe MeTOAbI OUeHKM, KOTOPbIe

MCI'IOJrb30BaJIMCb IlpM A p y r M X npOMbICJIaX p a K 0 0 6 p a 3 H b 1 ~ M MOrYT 6 b l ~ b I'IpMMeHeHbI

K n p o M b I c n y P. spinosissima M P. formosa B IIo~paZio~e 48.3. ~ T M MeToAbI MOXHO

K J I ~ c c M $ M ~ M ~ o B ~ T ~ CJIeAYIOwMM 06pa.30~:

MeTOAbI MCTOqeHMS 3all &COB;

MeTOAbI " M ~ M ~ H ~ H M ~ K O ~ @ $ M ~ M ~ H T ~ ' ' M " U H ~ ~ K C B ~ I J I o B ~ * ' ;

aHaJIM3bI OqeHKM, O C H O B ~ H H O ~ H a p a 3 M e p e / ~ J I L i H e ;

KaJIM6poBKa UHAeKCOB YMCJIBHHOCTM;

MOAeJILi I'IpOfiyKI&4M; M

BbIJIOB H a eAMHMqy I'IOI'IOJIHeHMS.

3a UCKJIIOrIeHMeM BbIJIOBa H a efiMHMuy nOllOJIHeHMSI3TM MeTOAbI O ~ C Y X A ~ I O T C S J H H X e

B n O p S A K e OrIepeAHOCTM; B Ta6~1~qe 2 A a e T C S CBOAKa OCHOBHbIX ~ o l l y ~ e ~ M $ i ,

H ~ O ~ X O ~ M M ~ I X AaHHbIX M pe3yJIbTaTOB. A m BCeX OnMCaHHbIX HMXe MeTOAOB CJIeAyeT OueHMTb YPOBeHb HeOl lPe~eJ IeHHOCTM COBpeMeHHOrO COCTOSHMSI 3 a n a C a M

MCCJIeAOBaTb YYBCTBMTeJIbHOCTb K OCHOBHbIM l lpeAn0J IOXeHMSM M KacleCTBy

AaHHbIX.

3.2 ~ T M MeTOAbI MOXHO PDAeJ IMTb H a ABe r p y n n b 1 . Dep~aS r p y l l l 7 a ( M c T o ~ ~ H M ~

3anBCOB, M3MeHeHMe K O ~ @ @ M ~ M ~ H T ~ , MHABKC BbIJIOBa, OUeHKa, OCHOBaHHaS H a

p a 3 ~ e p e / ~ J I M ~ e M MOAeJIM ~ P O ~ Y K L ( M M ) ITpeAyCMaTpMBaeT 3HarIMTeJIbHOe CHMXeHMe

rIMCJIeHHOCTM IIOITyJISIuMM B M3YrIaeMOM paG0~e B p e 3 y J I b T a T e IlpOMbICJIa,

IlOCKOJIbKy M3MeHeHMe B llOIIyJISI.&MM B p e 3 y J I b T a T e M3BeCTHbIX YJIOBOB SIBJISeTCS

O C H O B O ~ ~ o u e H K U . B ~ o p a s rpynna H e n p e A y c M a T p u s a e T c H w x e H M e p m M e p a

nonynslqutr B p e 3 y n b ~ a ~ e n p o M b I c n a .

3.4 B MOAeJIsIX JIOKaJIbHOrO MCTOI4eHMS MCllOJIb3YIOTCS KOMMePrIeCKMe AaHHbIe no

YJIOBaM H a eAMHMuy YCMJIMri (CPUE) M COBOKynHbIe npOMbICJIOBbIe AaHHbIe &JIS

OqeHKM I7JIOTHOCTM J I o K ~ J I ~ H o $ ~ nOI'IyJISL&Mff B OTHOCMTeJIbHO H ~ ~ o J I ~ I U M X P ~ $ ~ o H ~ x .

1 I p ~ YCJIOBMM HaJIMrlMSl AaHHbIX ll0 PaCnpeAeJIeHMK, 3 a n a C a 3TM OueHKM I'IJIOTHOCTM

3aTeM MOrYT 6 b 1 ~ b 3KCTpanOJIMPOBaHbI H a p a 3 M e p nOnyJI5IuMM n O 60~1bme2lr nJIOQaAM.

~ J I ~ B H ~ I ~ AOIIyI4eHMSI - CPUE ~ T ~ O ~ O ~ ~ M O H ~ J I ~ H IIJIOTHOCTM M nOl lyJ IS IuMS3aKpbITa B T e s e H M e p a c c u a T p u s a e u o r o n e p c l o a a . B~opoe A o n y q e H M e BO M H o r M x C n y r I a s x

MOXHO H e IIPMHMMaTb BO BHMMaHMe, OAHaKO 3AeCb M O X e T ~ O T P ~ ~ O B ~ T ~ C W

IIOJIYYeHMe A O ~ O J I H M T ~ J I ~ H O $ ~ M H @ O P M ~ ~ M M .

( B ~ ~ M R " B ~ I M ~ Y M B ~ H M R " ) , n p M YCJIOBMM CyqeCTBOBaHMR BaBMCMMOCTM M e X A y

o 6 a e ~ o ~ YJIOBa H a JIOBYIIIKY M BpeMeHeM BbIMaYMBaHMR, MJIM eCJIM ~ a 6 n 1 o ~ a e ~ c s

HaCbIIQeHMe. K a x e ~ c R , YTO COBOKYnHbIe AaHHbIe n o o 6 a e ~ y YJIOBa H a JIOBYIIIKY M Cpep(HeMy BpeMeHM BbIMaYUBaHMR, IIpeACTaBJIeHHbIe B AOKyMeHTe wS-Crab-93/24,

YKa3bIBaIOT H a AOCTMXeHMe TOYKM HaCbIqeHMR MHTeHCMBHOCTM JIOBa npM Bpeh4eHE.r

BbIMaYUBaHMH OKOJIO 30 YaCOB. H a ~ b l I J l e ~ M e MOXeT SBMTbCS pe3yJIbTaTOM MHOrMX

@KTOPOB, H a n p . Ae3MHTerpaUMR HLXMBKM, U O ~ ~ I Y H O O ~ H ~ P Y X M B ~ ~ T C R B XOAe

n0JIeBbIX pa6o~.

3.6 B MAeaJIbHOM CJIyYae AaHHbIe no B ~ I J I o B ~ / ~ c M J I M K , AOJIXHbI llpeACTaBJIRTbCR

H a CaMOM MeJIKOM, lT0 BOBMOXHOCTM, nPOCTPaHCTBeHHOM M BPeMeHHOM M ~ C I U T ~ ~ ~ X .

B AaHHOM C J I y Y a e 3 T 0 O C O ~ ~ H H O aKTYaJIbH0, nOCKOJIbKy YpOBeHb YCMJIMR B

H a C T O R q e e B p e M R OTHOCMTeJIbHO HMBOK. A ~ H H ~ I ~ , npeACTaBJIeHHb1e H a r p y 6 0 ~ M ~ C I I I T ~ ~ ~ , HaITpMMep n o KLXAOMY 10-AHBBHOMY I ' I e p M o ~ y / R Y e f i ~ e K O O P ~ M H ~ ~ T H O ~ ~

CeTKM ( I 0 AOJIrOTbI H a 0 , 5 O I I IM~oT~I ) , M O ~ ~ T 3aMaCKMPOBaTb KaKOe 6b1 TO HM 661~10

McToLqeHMe ~ a n a c o ~ H a 6onee MenKoM M ~ C I I I T ~ ~ ~ .

3.7 H ~ C K O J I ~ K O YYaCTHMKOB CKeIITMYeCKM OTHeCJIOCb K BOBMOXHOCTM BbIRBJIeHMR

K ~ K M X - J I M ~ O ~ T o c J I ~ ~ c T B M ~ MCTOIJleHMR, A a X e H a JIOKaJIbHOM ~acru~a6e. B o - ~ ~ P B ~ I X ,

BOBMOXHO, YTO Y 3 T O r 0 BMAa IIepUOAbI H e p e C T a M JIMHbKM IIpOAOJIXMTeJIbHbI. Bo-

BTOPbIX, B npOMbICJIe p a 6 0 ~ a e ~ JIMIIIb OAHO CYAHO, M 3 T 0 BpRA JIM IIpMBeAeT K

MCTOUJeHMIO 3anaCOB. O T B ~ T H a l I e p ~ b 1 f i BOIlpOC MOXHO nOJIyYMTb nyTt?M p a 3 p a 6 0 ~ ~ ~

A p y r 0 f i Q O ~ M ~ I CTaHJfapTHOl-0 MeTOAa MCTOIJleHMR BaIlaCOB, KOTOpaR npMMeT BO

BHMMaHMe POCT M nOnOJIHeHMe, XOTR AJIS 3 T O r 0 , OYeBMAHO, I I O T ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ T C S

AOIIOJIHUTeJIbHaR MH@OPML~MSI.

3.8 O T B ~ T H a B T O P O ~ ~ BOIIpOC MOXHO KIOJIyYMTb MCnOJIbByR ~ K C I I ~ ~ M M ~ H T ~ J I ~ H ~ I ~

n0AXOA. OAMH M3 BapMaHTOB - IlOllpOCMTb ~ ~ o M ~ I c J I o B o ~ ( ~ I ~ ) C ~ A H O ( C ~ ~ ~ )

IIPOBOAMTb I ~ O B T O P H ~ I ~ O T ~ O P n y T e M IlOCTaHOBKM MHOXeCTBa J I k i ~ e f i B l l p e A e J I a X

OTHOCMTeJIbHO H ~ ~ o J I ~ I I I o ~ o pafi0~a B Ter leHMe KOPOTKOrO n e p M O A a BpeMeHM.

A ~ H H ~ I ~ n o B~IJ IoB~/~cMJIMIO, IIOJIyYeHHbIe B p e 3 y J I b T a T e TaKOrO T u n a " I I ~ O M ~ I C J I O B O ~ O ~ K C ~ T ~ ~ U M ~ H T ~ " MOrYT OKa3aTbCS OYeHb UeHHbIMM AJIR 0UeHKI.I

J I o K ~ J I ~ H o ~ ~ nJIOTHOCTM UCIIOJIbBYR MeTOAbI MCTOUC(eHMS 38IIaCOB. B CJ IyYae

ITpOMbICJIOBOrO C y A H a 3 T 0 MOXeT 6 b 1 ~ b CAeJIaHO B TeYeHMe O A H O ~ ~ HeAeJIM MJIM

MeHbIIIe, TaK KaK IlPOMbICJIOBMKaM H e BbIrOAHO I7POAOJIXaTb BeCTM lTpOMbICeJI IlOCJIe

TOrO, KaK 0 6 b e ~ BbIJIOBa ynan A 0 0 4 e H b HM3KMX Y ~ O B H ~ ~ . Teu H e M e H e e , ~ ' I O B T O P H ~ I ~ ~

O T ~ O P npo6 M O X e T IIpMBeCTM K OTTOKY 3 a n a C O B M 3 pafio~a.

3.11 B AOKyMeHTe WS-Crab-93/10 OIlMCbIBaIoTCR MeTOAbI Cm M M MX llPMMeHeHMe K

CHeXHOMY ~pa6y . B COOTBeTCTBMM C 3TUMM MeTOAaMM T ~ ~ ~ Y ~ T C S npOBeAeHMe

K ~ K O ~ - A M ~ O CbeMKM C MClTOJIb30BaHMeM TpaJIOB HJiM JIOByIIIeK AJIR c n y s a k ~ o r o

o~6opa oco6eR A 0 M nocne HpOMbICJa. T ~ K x ~ H € ? O ~ X O A M M ~ I AaHHbIe n o o61qe~y

BbIAOBy.

3.12 C O ~ J I ~ C H O MeTOAy CIR IIPOBOAUTCR ~ J I y r l a k H b ~ k o ~ 6 o p npo6 C 4eJIbIo

IIOJIyrlieHMR OqeHOK n p 0 n O p q M M Kpa60~ AOnyCTMMOrO M HeAOlTyCTMMOrO p a 3 M e p O B

do M nocne n p o M b I c n a . 3 a ~ e ~ a T a nponopqurr M AaHHbIe n o o 6 w e ~ y B ~ I J I O B ~

MCiIOJIb3yIoTCR A n % OYeHKM p a 3 M e p a nOlTyJIRI&MM I4 KOJIUseCTBa K p a 6 0 ~

A o n y c T u M o r o p a 3 M e p a ~o H a s a n a n p o u b r c n a , a T a K m e K O ~ @ @ H ~ H ~ H T O B

yJIOBMCTOCTM. B MeTOAe IR MCnOJIb3yIoTCR OQeHKM MHTeHCMBHOCTM JIOBL, CAeJIaHHbIe

A 0 M I7OCJIe BeAeHM5I npOMbICJIa, H a OCHOBaHMM c J f y r 1 a k H b 1 ~ B ~ I ~ O ~ O K M AaHHbIX n 0

o6qeuy BbInOBy A n 2 OqeHKbi TeX Xe, LIT0 M B MeTOAe CIR I I apaMeTpOB. T a K X e

B03MOXHa K O M ~ M H ~ L ( M R OUeHOK, I'IOJIYqeHHbIX IIO 3TMM ABYM MeTOAaM, KaK 3 T 0

O n M c a H o B AOKYMeHTe wS-Crab-93/10.

3.13 O6a MeTOAa OCHOBaHbI H a npeAl l0JIOXeHMM 0 TOM, rITO nOllYJIRL&MR 3aMKHYTa.

E0nee TOrO, MeTOA Cm l l p e A n O A a r a e T , UTO BePORTHOCTb o6no~a OAMHaKOBa AJIR

K ~ X A O ~ oco61.r AOIIyCTMMOrO p a 3 M e p a . M ~ T O A n p e A l I O J I a r a e T , YTO BePOSTHOCTb

o 6 n o ~ a C T ~ ~ U J I ~ H ~ B I'IpeAeJIaX 0 ~ ~ 0 f i CCbMKM MJIM M e X A y CheMKaMM. K ~ K M B CJ IyYae

MeTOAa MCTOI4eHMS3aIIaCOB MMBIOTCS c n o c 0 6 b 1 CMSrYeHMS 3TMX I T ~ ~ ~ ~ o J I o x ~ H H ~ ~ .

3.14 E O J I ~ ~ M H C T B O 3 a ~ e ~ a ~ ~ i . i no n o B o A y M e T o A a u c T o r q e n m r r s a n a c o B T a K x e

npMMeHMM0 K 3TMM ABYM MBTOALM. O A H ~ K O OCHOBHOe OTJIMYMe 3aKJIIoYlteTCS B TOM,

YTO, XOTS K O M M ~ P Y ~ C K U ~ ~ IIpOMbICeJI MOXeT M H e BeCTMCb H a lTPOM3BOJIbHO

O T O ~ P ~ H H ~ I X YYaCTKaX, AJIS MeTOAOB CIR M IR M O X e T I I O T P ~ ~ O B ~ L T ~ C S

AOIIOJlHMTeJIbHaS M H @ O ~ M ~ ~ M H n o IIpOMbICJIy H a TaKMX YYaCTKaX. BO~MOXHO MMeeT

CMbICJl PaCCMOTPeTb OCYueCTBMMOCTb IIPOMbICJIa H a llPOM3BOJIbHO O T O ~ ~ L H H ~ I X

y Y a c T K a x .

3.16 110~ 3TY KaTerOpMIo I IOIIaAaeT P S A pa3JIMYHbIX MeTOAOB. K O ~ O P T H ~ I ~ ~ aHaJII.13,

O C H O B ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ H a AJIMHe (MJIM MeTOA A x o ~ c a ) - B OCHOBHOM ~ e T e P M M H M P O B a H H a S

MOAeJIb, B K O T O P O ~ ~ C UeJIbIo OZJeHKM p a 3 M e p a IIOllyJIRQMM MCnOJlb3yIoTCS AaHHbIe no

KOJIMYeCTBY BbIJIOBJIeHHbIX oc06efi IIO p a 3 M e p H O M y KJIaCCy BMeCTe C OqeHKaMM

TeMIIa POCTa, ~ C T ~ C T B ~ H H O ~ ~ CMePTHOCTM M O K O H Y ~ T ~ A ~ H O ~ ~ I I P O M ~ I C J I O B O ~

CMePTHOCTM. OCHOBHO~ IIpeAIIOJIOXeHMe 0 PaBHOBeCMM I I O I I y J I S ~ M M B 061qe~-TO

OrpaHMYUBaeT MCllOJIb30BaHMe 3 ~ 0 f i MOAeJIU. C ~ [ ~ T ~ P M M H M C T M Y ~ C K H X a P a K T e P 3 T O r 0

MeTOAa yKa3bIBaeT H a TO, YTO B IIpMHQMIIe OH MOXeT IIPMMeH5JTbCSI K AaHHbIM IIO

OAHOMY r O A y , XOTS OYeBMAHO, YTO IIOJIyYeHHbIe pe3yJ IbTaTbI CJIeAyeT

MHTepIIpeTMpOBaTb C OCTOPOXHOCT~IO'.

3.20 Bce MeTOAbI OueHKM, OCHOBaHHbIe H a p a 3 M e p e , ~ p e 6 y I o ~ OTHOCMTeJIbHO

6onbmoro KOJIMVeCTBa AeTaJIbHbIX AaHHbIX M IlpaKTMYeCKM H e MOrYT 6 b 1 ~ b

nPMMeHMMbI K npOMbICJIy ~ p a 6 a B pafi0~e K ) X H O ~ r e 0 p r M M H a T ~ K O G p a ~ ~ e f i CTaAMM.

3.21 Kpoue TOrO, B 3TMX MeTOAaX, OCHOBaHHbIX H a p a 3 M e p e , YAeJ ISeTCS BHMMaHMe

H ~ O ~ X O A M M O C T ~ I OueHKH n a P a M e T P O B POCTa. OI.(~HKM T e M n a P O C T a H ~ O ~ X O ~ M M ~ I AJIS

OueHKM A P Y r U X BeJIMUMH, H a n P U M e P BbIJIOBa. T ~ K KaK HenOCpeACTBeHHOe

O n p e A e J I e H M e POCTa ~ p a 6 0 ~ HeB03MOXH0, I1PMXOAMTCS MCI'IOJIb30BaTb APYrMe

MeTOAb1, H a n p M M e p Y ~ C T O T H ~ I ~ ~ aHaJIM3 AAMHbI. H ~ C M O T ~ S H a TO, VTO C YaCTOTHbIM

a ~ a n u 3 0 ~ AJIMHbI CBR3aHO MHOrO n p o b n e ~ , OH IlpMMeHflJICS K AaHHbIM IT0 ApyI'MM

npOMbICJIaM ~ p a 6 0 ~ . Uep~aS npo6ne~a - KOMMepYeCKMe AaHHbIe, l lOJIyYeHHbIe M3

JIOByIJIeK C K O p e e BCerO H e TMnUVHbI AJIS ~cef i I I O n y J I S ~ U M . B MAeaJIbHOM CJIyYae

CJIeAyeT MCIlOJIb3OBaTb ~ J I y Y a k ~ b l e B ~ I ~ O ~ K H M3 TPaJIOBbIX YJIOBOB HAM, B03MOXH0,

M3 MeJIKOSYeMCTbIX JIOBYIIIeK. ~ I c I I o J I ~ ~ o B ~ H M ~ MeJIKOSIYeMCTbIX JIOBylIIeK H a JIMHSX

KOMMePYeCKMX JIOByIlIeK T a K X e MOXeT OKa3aTbCS OCYqeCTBUMbIM.

3.22 B~opaS n p o 6 n e ~ a 3aKJIIoYaeTCS B TOM, YTO YPOBeHb M3MeHVMBOCTM

3aBMCMMOCTM MeXAY pa3MepOM M B03PaCTOM VaCTO BeCbMa BeJIMK IlOCKOJIbKY H e BCe

oco6u JIMHRIoT ~ a X ~ b 1 f i rOA. Ka~as i -n~bo KOrOpTa MOXeT XapaKTepM30BaTbCH

~ U M O A ~ J I ~ H ~ I M MJIM MHOrOBePllIMHHbIM PaCnpeAeJ IeHMeM pa3MepOB. K ~ K M B CJ IyYae

MHOrMX A p Y r U X BMAOB p a ~ 0 0 6 p a 3 ~ b 1 ~ M pb16 ~ a b n m ~ a e ~ c r r YaCTMVHOe COBnaAeHMe

p & ~ n p e ~ e J I e ~ M f i pa3MepOB, VTO MaCKMpYeT nm6b1e MOAaJrbHbIe BeJIMYUHbI B

YaCTOTHbIX p a C ~ p e A e J I e H M S X AJIMHbI npM 66nb111ux p a 3 M e p a X .

3.24 I I ~ o B ~ A ~ H M ~ H a H ~ c T o S I ~ ~ ~ p a ~ ~ e f i CTaAMM Pa3BMTMSI nPOMbICJIa

3KCI'IepUMeHTaJIbHbIX p a 6 o ~ no MeYeHMIO A a e T OYeBMAHbIe IIpeMMYweCTBa. B ~ X H O

OTMeTMTb, YTO IlJIaH M p a 3 M a X TaKOrO 3KCnepMMeHTa 3aBMCSIT OT er0 ~ J I ~ B H o Z ~

aaAauM. E c n ~ r n a ~ ~ o k q e J r b m a ~ c n e p ~ ~ e ~ ~ a n o Mer IeHwo B B m i e T c a n o a y r I e H r n e

M H @ O P M ~ ~ M M 0 POCTe ( a He, H a n p M M e p , O q e H K a p a 3 M e p a ~ I O ~ ~ J I S I ~ M U ) , TO IIPOBOAMTb

MHTeHCMBHbIe p a 6 o ~ b 1 IIO MeYeHMIO H a H ~ ~ O J I ~ I I I O ~ TePPMTOPMM U IlOTOM BePHYTbCR

C QeJIbIO OTJIOBa n0MeYeHHbIX oco6eZi 6b1no 6b1 YMeCTHO. aaXe n p M H ~ ~ O J I ~ I I I O M

KOJIMYeCTBe llOJIYYeHHbIX MeTOK TaKMe AaHHbIe 6bIJ'W 6b1 llOJIe3HbIMM. 5b1JIa

B b I p a X e H a O ~ ~ ~ O Y ~ H H O C T ~ IT0 IlOBOAy OCyweCTBMMOCTM MeYeHMs, ITpMHMMacI BO

BHMMaHUe H M ~ K U ~ YPOBeHb YCMJIMSI )IpM IIpOMbICJIe B HaCTOSIwee BpeMSI.

3.25 EbIJI0 BbICKa3aHO MHeHMe 0 TOM, YTO MeYeHMe MOXeT IIpMBeCTM K n0HMXeHMKl

BeJIMYMH KIPUPOCTa JIMHbKM M BbICOKOMY YPOBHK) n o 6 o ~ ~ o k CMePTHOCTM.

P ~ K O M ~ H A Y ~ T C S I IIPOBOAUTb 3KCIlePMMeHTbI B CaAKaX.

3.26 I I p U ~ a n u 6 p o s ~ e MHAeKCOB YMCJIeHHOCTM MCllOJIb3YIOTCSl CJIeAYIOwMe ABa

MeTOaa . IIepBb1fi MeTOA BKJIIOYaeT MCIIOJIb30BaHMe K O ~ @ @ M ~ ~ H T O B JIOBa ( ~ J I o B H a

JIoBYIIIKY) M O y e H K y ~ @ @ ~ K T M B H O ~ ~ I ' I J IO~aAM OXBaTa JIOBYIIIKM C TeM, Y T O ~ ~ I

BbIYMCJIUTb IlJIOTHOCTb nOnyJIRYMM M 3KCTPanOJIMpOBaTb n o J I y Y e ~ ~ b 1 f h p e 3 y J I b T a T H a

" 3 ~ c n n y a ~ ~ p y e ~ b 1 Z i " p a k o ~ . I ' A ~ B H ~ R n p o 6 ~ 1 e ~ a a T o r o M e T o A a B o q e H K e

~ @ @ ~ K T M B H O ~ ~ IlJIOII(aAM OXBaTa JIOBYIIIKM. OpyAMe JIOBa H e SIBJISIeTCSI naCCMBHbIM,

I'IOCKOJIbKy JIOBYIIIKM C O A e p X a T HLXMBKY M IIPMBJIeKaIOT ~ p a 6 o ~ . 5 0 J I e e TOrO, BI'IOJIHe

BOBMOXHO, YTO nJ IOwaAb npMBJIeYeHMSI 3aBMCMT OT OPMeHTaqMM JIMHR n 0 OTHOIIleHMIO K TeYeHMSIM M MaPIIIPYTaM MMrpa4MM ~ p a 6 o ~ . A L H H ~ I ~ ~ MeTOA B 06we~- TO H e peKOMeH&yeTCSl AJIS p a 6 o ~ n o O q e H K e 3a UCKJIHlYeHMeM T o r 0 CJIyYaS, KOrAa

B03MOXHO HenOCpeACTBeHHO 0 4 e H M T b ~ @ @ ~ K T U B H ~ I O nJIOII(aAb OXBaTa JIOBYLUKM,

H a n p M M e p n p ~ n o M o q M K P ~ ~ O B , o c H a m e H H b i x p a A M o n e p e A a T r I u K a w i .

0 4 e H M T b YJlOBMCTOCTb T p a n a ( ~ a n p b i ~ e p C llOMOI4bM BMAeOKaMepbI, H ~ x o A S ~ ~ ~ ~ C S B

~ p a J I e ) . T ~ M H e MeHee , B HeKOTOPbIX CJlyrl.aSX BO3MOXHO nPMeMJIeM0 MCnOJlb30BaHMe

OqeHOK nJIOTHOCTM, IIOJIyrIeHHbIX C nOMOQbIo T p a n a , KOTOpbIe H e 6 b 1 n u I7OnpaBJIeHbI

H a YJIOBMCTOCTb ( ~ . e . MMHMMaJIbHYH) ~ M O M ~ C C Y , KOTOPYKI MOXHO T ~ ~ J I M T ~ ) , KaK 3 T 0

A e n a e T c s r n p M n p o M b I c n e A p y r M x p a ~ o o 6 p a 3 ~ b 1 x .

3.28 ~ I M ~ ~ T c S P S A pa3nMUHbIX IlpOMbICJIOBbIX 0 p y ~ M k AJIS I IpOBeAeHMS CbeMOK

~ ~ 2 ~ 6 0 1 3 , BKnIoYaS TpaJIbI "He$poc" M ~ M M T P ~ J J ~ I . T a ~ x e y c n e m H o MCnOJIb3OBaJIOCb

opyaue nosa T u n a " c ~ e x ~ o r o nnyra" ( M a y n a r d and Conan, 1985) , MMeIorqee

BUAeOKaMepy AAS $ O T O ~ ~ ~ $ M ~ O B ~ H M H ~ p a 6 0 ~ B TOT MOMBHT, KOrAa OHM

ITOAHMMaMTCsl CO A H a M IIpMXUMaMTCS K CeTKe, VTO 06nersae~ MX y q e T M

M3MepeHMe. T a ~ x e MOrYT 6 b 1 ~ b MCCJIeAOBaHbI MeTOAbI nPOBeAeHMS CbeMOK n 0

p a 3 p e 3 a M C MCnOJIb30BaHMeM BMAeOKaMepbI, ~ C T ~ H O B J I ~ H H O ~ ~ H a CaHSX.

3.30 B MOAeJISX IIpOAyKqMM, T a K X e KaK M MOAeJlSX MCTOweHMS, AJIS 0qeHKM

p a 3 M e p a IlOllyJISqMM MCnOJIb3YH)TCS M3MeHeHUS B MHAeKCaX qMCJIeHHOCTM

( ~ a n p m e p CPUE). TOT MeToA n p M M e H a n c s M B cnyuae ~ p a 6 a A a ~ a x e ~ e c c ( S t o c k e r

and Butler, 1990') . ~ T M MeTOAbI ~ a ~ 6 0 n e e ~ $ $ ~ K T M B H ~ I IIpM HaJrMsMM B AaHHbIX

H~KOTOPOQ HeOAHOPOAHOCTM, B CBS3M C s e M MHOrMe BbICKa3bIBaHMS 0 MeTOAaX

MCTOWBHMS 3 a n a C O B M OTHOCMTeAbHO HM3KOM YPOBHe YCUnMSI T a K X e MOrYT 6 b l ~ b

npMMeHMMb1 K M O ~ e n S M iIPOAYKqMM.

Ol&eHKM H a A J I e X a U X Y P O B H ~ Q BbIJIOBa ( a H e p a 3 M e p a l l ~ l l y J I ~ q M M ) , 6 b 1 n o

PaCCMOTpeHMe CPaBHMMbIX BMAOB. 110 MHeHMM WG-FSA ~ a ~ ~ b ~ f i MeTOA U p e B a T

Stocker and Butler (1990) Fish. Res., 9:23 1-254

4.1 3 a A a Y e f i YnpaBJIeHMS np0MbICJIOM aHTapKTMYeCKOr0 ~ p a 6 a RBJISeTCR

l l p e A 0 T B p ~ e H k i e CHMXeHMS 3 a n a C a HMXe YPOBHR, I1PL.I KOTOPOM B03MOXHO

n 0 J I y Y e H M e MaKCMManbHOrO ~ C T O ~ ~ Y H B O ~ O BbIJIOBa H a I I ~ o ~ o J I X ~ I O ~ ~ ~ ~ C S OCHOBe. B pa6oue~ AOKyMeHTe WS-Crab-93/5 PaCCMaTpMBaIoTCR MeTOAbI YlIpaBJIeHMS 3allaCaMM

~ p a 6 o ~ B A p y r M X pafio~ax. H M ~ I O T C R ABe OCHOBHbIe KaTerOpMM Mep , K O H T p O J I M p y I o ~ M e IIpOMbICeJI: (i) K O C B ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ KOHTPOJIb CMePTHOCTM IIOCPeACTBOM

MUHMMaJIbHOrO AOnYCTMMOrO p a 3 M e p a , Ce30HHOe 3aKpbITMe M 3 a n p e T b I H a lTpOMbICeJI

CaMOK; M (ii) I ' I p 9 ~ 0 f i KOHTPOJIb npOMbICJIa HyTeM 0 r p a ~ M Y e ~ M f i H a o 6 a e ~ BbIJIOBa

m u ycunus.

4.2 P a 6 0 ~ ~ f i CeMMHap OTMeTMJI, YTO IipM YnpaBJIeHMM APYrMMM IIPOMbICJIaMM

~ p a 6 0 ~ IUMPOKO MCnOJIb3yeTCS KOHTPOJIb pa3MepOB BbIJIOBJIeHHbIX oco6eR, 3aI'IpeT

H a y A e p m a H M e c a M o K M c e 3 o ~ ~ o e 3 a ~ p b 1 ~ ~ e BO B p e M s nuKa nepl.io,qols H e p e c T a

JIMHbKM. ~ P ~ U M Y ~ ~ C T B O BTMX M e p 3aKJIIoYaeTCR B TOM, YTO OHM MOrYT 6 b 1 ~ b

npMMeHMMb1 A a X e ITpM OrPaHMseHHOM KOJIMYeCTBe M H @ O P M ~ ~ M M 0 AMHaMMKe

IIOllyJISI&iM P e C y p C a . H a n p ~ ~ e p , C lIOMOI4bIO AaHHbIX, nOJIYYeHHbIX B IlePBOM C e 3 0 H e

IlpOMbICJIa BOKPYr H ) x H o ~ ~ r e o p r ~ ~ , 6blJIM OI'IpeAeJIeHbI MMHMMaJlbHbIe AOnYCTMMbIe

pa3Mepb1, KOTOPbIe, KLK OXMAaeTCR, AaAYT CaMqaM n o ~paf i~ef i M e p e OAMH r O A

BOCIIpOM3BOACTBa A 0 TOrO, KaK OHM B O ~ ~ A ~ T B I ' I ~ o M ~ I c J I o B ~ I ~ ~ 3alIa-C. 3allpe~ H a

y A e p X a H u e CaMOK MOXHO O l l p a B A a T b Guonor~efi K P ~ ~ O B , TeM H e M e H e e ~ p e 6 y e ~ c R

AOllOJIHMTeJIbHaR pa6o~a C VeJIbIO 0 6 e c n e r l e ~ ~ ~ TOTO, Y T O ~ ~ I CHMXeHMe

YMCJIeHHOCTM nOnyJ I9uMM B3pOCJIbIX CaMqOB H e CKa3aJIOCb H a PenpOAyKTMBHOM

YCneXe . A n % OIIpeAeJIeHMS CPOKOB Ce30HHbIX B ~ K P ~ I T M ~ I I O T ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ T C S I

AOIlOJIHMTeJIbHaS MH@OPM~QMS 0 XM3HeHHOM 4MKJIe 3TMX K P ~ ~ O B , B YaCTHOCTM 0

Ce30HHbIX 38KOHOMePHOCTRX JIMHbKM M H e p e C T a .

n a p a J I e J I J I b H 0 ~ 6 0 p y M H @ O P M ~ ~ M M , H ~ O ~ X O A M M O ~ ~ AJIS COXpaHeHMsl AaHHOrO

P e C y p C a . O ~ ~ I T , H ~ K o I I J I ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ n p M npOMbICJIe ~ p a 6 0 ~ B A n s c ~ e , nOKa3bIBaeT, YTO

KOrAa H ~ ~ O C ~ ~ A C T B ~ H H ~ I ~ ~ KOHTPOJIb CMePTHOCTM IIYTeM OrpaHMYeHM5l H a o 6 a e ~

BbIJIOBa H e IIpMMeHrieTCSI, YpOBeHb I I ~ o M ~ I c J I o B o ~ ~ CMePTHOCTM IIPeACTaBJISeTCS

OTHOCUTeJIbHO BbICOKMM. B CBS13M C BTMM, Pa60~ufi CeMMHap PeKOMeHAyeT n p M

IIpOMbICJIe aHTapKTMYeCKOr0 ~ p a 6 a npMMeHHTb KaK KOCBeHHbIe, TaK I4 IlpSIMbIe MepbI

n o KOHTPOJI~ .

4.4 Ewno OTMeueHO, YTO npMMeHeHMe K O M ~ M H ~ ~ M M KaK IIPSMbIX, TaK M

KOCBeHHbIX M e p MOXeT YCTPaHMTb H ~ O ~ X O A M M O C T ~ yCTaHOBJIeHM9 TOVHbIX UJIM

OXpaHMTeJIbHbIX 0 r p a ~ M V e ~ M f i H a BbIJIOB, IIOCKOJIbKy KOCBeHHbIe MepbI AOJIXHbI

3 m M w a T b 3 a n a C OT ~ ~ ~ P O A Y K T M B H O ~ ~ HeYAaYU B 6 ~ 1 ~ ~ a f i m e ~ 6 y ~ y m e ~ A a X e B TOM

CJIyLlae, eCJIM BbfJIOB CJIMIlIKOM BbICOK AJIS Y C T O ~ ~ U M B O ~ O npOMbICJIa B OTAaJIeHHOM

6 y ~ y w e ~ . T ~ M H e MeHee , eCJIM BbIJIOB IIPeBbICMT A O J I ~ O C P O Y H ~ I ~ ~ Y C T O ~ ~ U M B ~ I ~ ~

YpOBeHb, IlpOMbICeJI 6 y ~ e ~ 6onee VyBCTBMTeJIbHbIM K M3MeHeHMSM B I'IOl'IOJIHeHMM,

CPeAHRSI MHTeHCMBHOCTb BbIJIOBa CHMSIMTCR, M 6 y ~ e ~ IIOJIyYeHa 6dnbmarr npOnOpIJM5I

oco6efi C HOBbIMM IlaHyMp%MM, YTO AaCT MgCO nJ IOXOr0 KaYeCTBa.

4.5 E 0 J I e e KOHKPeTHO, CJIeAyeT C O ~ J I I O A ~ T ~ M M H M M ~ J I ~ H ~ I ~ ~ A O I I Y C T U M ~ I ~ ~ p a 3 M e p

B ~ I ~ P Y ~ K M K P ~ ~ O B P. spinosissima M P . formosa. 3a McKfimlreHueM cnysarr

3 ~ ~ I I e p b i ~ e ~ ~ a J I b ~ o f i CTpaTerMM CHUXeHMR YPOBH5l 3 a P a X e H M R IIapa3MTaMM ( ~ Y H K T

4.8), CJ IeAyeT YAepXMBaTb TOJIbKO CaMYOB AOnYCTMMOrO p a 3 M e p a . a0 nOCTynJIeHMR AOIlOJIHMTeJIbHbIX 6 ~ 0 ~ 1 o r u s e c ~ u x AaHHbIX Ce30HHOe 3aKPbITUe PeKOMeHAOBaTb H e

c A e A y e T . H 3 y ~ e ~ ~ e ~ b ~ n o ~ a / n o n o n ~ e ~ ~ l r r M n p o q e c c o l e c o 3 p e ~ a ~ u a M o x e T

IIOBJIMslTb H a l lpMHSTMe peIIJe~bi$i 0 MMHMMaJIbHbIX p a 3 M e p a X B ~ Y A Y W ~ M .

4.6 B ~ Y A Y ~ ~ M OrpaHMYeHMe H a BbIJIOB CJIeAyeT BbIYMCJISTb H a OCHOBaHMM

aHaJIM3a MMeIOwMXCS AaHHbIX, C IIOMOqbIO KOTOPbIX MOXHO 0 4 e H M B a T b ~MOMBCCY

(H~TPOHYTYK) M C Y ~ ~ C T B Y I O ~ Y I O ) M MaKCMMaJIbHYIO nPOnOP4MIO 3KCIlJIyaTMPYeMOrO

3a l I aCa , K O T O P ~ I ~ ~ MOXeT BbIJIaBJIMBaTbCII H a ~ ~ P o A o J I X ~ I O ~ ~ ~ ~ C S I OCHOBe. B H a C T O R ~ e e

BpeMR A O C T O B ~ ~ H O ~ ~ 04eHKI-3 6 u o ~ a c c b 1 3 a n a c a H e MMeeTCS (CM. P a 3 ~ e J I 3 B ~ I w ~ ) .

YTepslHHbIMM JIOBYIlIKaMM, H ~ O ~ X O A M M O llPMMeHeHMe raJIbBaHMYeCKOr0

CaMOOTKpbIBa~IQerOCR MJIM n O A A a I O ~ e r O C H ~ W O X U M M Y ~ C K O M ~ pa3JIOXeHMIO

~ C T ~ O ~ ~ C T B ~ . C H M X ~ H I M ~ UMCJIa ~ p a b o ~ , YAepXaHHbIX B YTePRHHbIX JIOBYUIKLX,

AOJIXHO C I I O C O ~ C T B O B ~ T ~ COXpaHeHMIO. ~ I M ~ I O T C R AOKa3aTeJIbCTBa TOMY, UTO BbIJIOB-

JIeHHbIe M 3 a T e M B ~ I ~ ~ O I I I ~ H H ~ I ~ Kpa6b1 H e noru6a10~ C p a 3 y n 0 C J I e OTJIOBa, n03TOMY

B03MOXH0, UTO YPOBeHb CMePTHOCTM B p e 3 y J I b T a T e YeJIOBeYeCKOrO o b p a ~ q e ~ u a B

~ H ~ Y U T ~ J I ~ H O R M e p e HeAOOqeHMBaeTCH. x e J I a ~ e J I b ~ 0 nPOBOAMTb AOIlOJIHMTeJlbHYIO

pa6o~y no M3YY eHMIO CMePTHOCTM B p e 3 y J I b T a T e @ M ~ U Y ~ C K O ~ O 0 6 p a ~ q e ~ c t a .

4.8 Pa60suB c e M u H a p o 6 c y ~ u ~ 1 aHa.qeHMe Anrr y n p a B n e H c I a u c c n e ~ o ~ a ~ l u R

3apaxe~urr n a p a 3 u T a M u P. spinosissima MeToAoM M o A e m p o B a H M s ((WS-Crab-9317 M 9).

OTJ~OB M H @ I ? I ~ M P O B ~ H H ~ I X 0c06eR MOXeT CHU3MTb YPOBeHb AaHHOrO I I apa3MTa B

I'IOIIyJIRqMM M TaKMM 06pa30~ nOBbICMTb ~ ~ I ~ ~ O ~ Y K T U B H ~ I ~ ~ IIOTeHuMaJI 3 a I I a C a

( H ~ A M Y U ~ napa3ma A e n a e T u r ~ @ ~ q ~ p o ~ a ~ ~ o r o ~ p a 6 a ~ ~ C ~ J I O A H ~ I M ) . 06cym~anacb

BO3MOXHOCTb YHMYTOXeHMR M H ~ M ~ M P O B ~ H H ~ I X K P ~ ~ O B He3aBMCMMO OT p a 3 M e p a .

Pa6os~R CeMMHap PeKOMeHA0Ba.A PaCCMOTpeTb OCyweCTBMMOCTb AaHHOrO

n p e A A o x e H M s .

4.9 B VeJISX n0JIyYeHMR 6onbruero KOJIMYeCTBa MH@OPM~QUU 0 AMHaMMKe

3apaxe~us napa3MTaMM, a T a K x e o p e a K u u M 3anaco~ ~ p a 6 a H a pa3nMrIHbIe YPOBHM

npOMbICJIa, Pa6osuR CeMMHap npeAJIoXMJI pa36ki~b ~ T ~ o M ~ I c J I o B ~ I ~ pafi0r-i H a

~ u @ @ e p e ~ q ~ a n b ~ b r e ~ O H ~ I n p o M b I c a a , n ' p ~ TOM B O A H O ~ 3 o ~ e BbtnoB 6 y ~ e ~ ropa3Ao

MeHbIlIe, UeM B A P Y ~ O ~ ~ . K a X A a R 3 o ~ a 6 y ~ e ~ ewe pa3 pa36u~a TaKMM 06pa30~, ~ ~ 0 6 b l B O A H O ~ YaCTM 0~061.1 P . Spin~~iSSima HeAOnyCTMMOrO p a 3 M e p a , M H @ U ~ M P O B ~ H H ~ I ~

l lapa3MTOM YHMYTOXaJIMCb, a B ~ p y r o k YaCTM HeT. k I c n o J I b 3 0 ~ a ~ u e JIOByIIIeK B

P e X U M e 3KCnepMMeHTaJIbHOrO YnpaBJIeHMR AOJIXHO 0 6 e c n e ~ u ~ b OTJIOB

I IOpaXeHHbIX napa3MTaMM Kpa60~.

4.10 P a 6 o ~ ~ i 4 CeMMHap npM3HaJI, YTO T ~ K O ~ PeXMM 3KCIlepMMeHTaJIbHOrO

YnpaBJIeHMR H e RBJIReTCR MAeaJIbHbIM CTaTMCTUYeCKMM 3KCnePMMeHTOM B CBH3M C

HeB03MOXHOCTbIO nPOBOAMTb IIOBTOPHbIe 0 6 p a 6 0 ~ K M . T ~ M H e M e H e e , n o o 6 w e ~ y

MHeHMIO YYLCTHUKOB, TaKMM n y T e M MOXHO IIOJIyYaTb Cyl4eCTBeHHOe KOJIMYeCTBO

M H @ O P M ~ ~ U M , AaXe eCJIM @ O P M ~ J I ~ H ~ I ~ C T ~ T M C T M Y ~ C K M ~ ~ K P M T ~ P M ~ ~ OKaXeTCR

HeOCYILl(eCTBUMb1M - O C O ~ ~ H H O eCJIM TaKaR CMCTeMa npMMeHRJIaCb B TeYeHMe MHOrMX IlPOMbICJIOBbIX Ce30HOB.

4.11 B 3aKJIH)YeHMM P a 6 o ~ ~ f i CeMMIHap 0 6 c y ~ M J I MHOrOBMAOBbIe llOCJIeACTBMSI pa3BMBaIOqerOCSl llpOMbICJIa K P ~ ~ O B . Eb1JIa B b I p a X e H a O ~ ~ ~ O U ~ H H O C T ~ TeM, YTO: (i)

~ p a 6 b 1 B03MOXHO MrpaIOT BaXHYIO POJIb B paL(M0He A p y r M X BUAOB B pafio~e

npOMbICJIa, M (ii) n p M npOMbICJIe K P ~ ~ O B np0MCXOAMT npl.mOB, YTO BepORTHO

n0BJIMSIe.T H a 3 a n a C b I ApyrMX BMAOB. O A H ~ K O H a AaHHOM 3 T a l l e y 6 e ~ M ~ e J I b H b 1 ~

CBMAeTeJIbCTB TOMY, YTO H ~ O ~ X O A M M O YCTaHOBJIeHMe ,Z(OIIOJIHMTeJIbHbIX

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3TMM P ~ Z ~ O H ~ M IlPMKJIaAbIBalOTCR Pil3JIMrIHbIe YPOBHU lIPOMbICJIOBOr0 YCMJIMSI ( H Y T ~ M

HaJIOXeHHRI o ~ P ~ H M Y ~ H M ~ H a BbIJIOB B KOHKpeTHbIX ~ ~ Q o H ~ x ) , M/MJIM B 3TMX P ~ ~ O H ~ X

MOrYT OCYqeCTBJIRTbCSI pa3HbIe CTpaTerMM n o yI'IpaBJIeHMI0 napa3MTaMM MJIM

p a 3 M e p O M SIYeM, KaK 06 3TOM rOBOPUTCSI B lIYHKTe 4.9.

Ta6~1~qa 1: H e o 6 x o ~ ~ ~ b 1 e MccneAoBaHus no P . spinosissima M P . formosa.

a H e ~ 0 ~ 0 p b l e ,?laHHbte n o BTOMY IIYHKTY yxe kiMemTC5I (WS-crab93124 ~ ~ - ~ ~ ~ - 9 2 f 2 9 )

M U K ~ O M ~ C I I I T ~ ~ H O ~ HanMqMe B ~ I ~ O P K U M3 YJIOBOB p~3oye$ana~o~b1x napa- 3MTOB

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reorpa$wrlecaoe pacnpe- IIouc~osas cbeuea AeneHMe

B b l X O ~ H b l e AaHHble

pa3~ep ~ O ~ Y ~ S U U U ( U ~ U n o ~ a n b ~ a s s u c n e ~ n o c ~ b ) K O ~ @ @ U ~ K ~ H T YAOBUCTOCTU

KOa@@UuueHT 3 K C n n y a T a U U U

( ~ ~ o M ~ I c J I o B ~ S ~ C M ~ ~ T H O C T ~ ) M O ~ H O C T ~ opy~uZIl n o B a B O ~ M O X K ~ X o u e n K a nonontienusi pa3~ep nonynsuuu ( u n ~ JIOKallbHaSI ~ U C J I ~ H H O C T ~ ) K O ~ @ @ U U U ~ H T YJIOBUCTOCTU

K O ~ @ @ U ~ U ~ H T ~ K C ~ ~ Y ~ T ~ U U K

( n p ~ h i b l ~ n ~ ~ a s C M ~ ~ T H O C T ~ ) M O ~ H O C T ~ o p y ~ u R noea B O ~ M O X H ~ S I o u e H K a n o n o n n e H u s

K O ~ - B O oco6eR B ~ O ~ Y ~ ~ U U M no pa3MepHblM KJIaCCaM ~ p O M b l C J I O B a S CMepTHOCTb no pa3MePHblM KJIaCCaM

o614as C M ~ P T H O C T ~ = F + M

* K O ~ - B O oco6eR B ~ O ~ Y ~ S ~ U U no p a 3 ~ e p n b 1 ~ K n a c c a M n p o M b l c n o B a s CMepTHOCTb no p a 3 M e p n a W K n a c c a M

* K O ~ @ @ U U U ~ H T ( ~ I ) YnOBUCTOCTU * K O ~ - B O oco6eR B ~ O ~ ~ J Z ~ U U U no

p a 3 M e p n b l M KnaCCaM * np0MblCJIOBaS CMepTHOCTb n o

p a 3 ~ e p n b 1 ~ K n a c c a M K 0 3 @ @ u u ~ e H T ( b l ) YJIOBUCTOCTU

* p a 3 ~ e p ~ O ~ Y ~ S I U M U * UHTeHCUBHOCTb 3KCnJlYaTaLlUU

* pa.3~ep n o n y n s r l ~ ~ * n a p a ~ e ~ p b ~ , O T H O C ~ J ~ H ~ K

poczy/nonon~e~w~o u " n 0 T e H ~ ~ a n b H b l R B ~ I ~ O B "

, Me~on

M ~ T O A ~ I U C T O 4 e H U s

E i3~e~enua COOTHOmeHUsI (CE) U H H ~ ~ K C BblnOBa (IR)

Ananm K O I - ~ ~ T ~ I , O C H O B ~ H H ~ ~ R H a AJlHHe

K p ~ ~ b l e BbIJlOBa, n p e o 6 p a 3 0 s a ~ ~ b r e c AaHHbIX n o p a 3 M e p Y OCHOB~HHMR H a nnune - ne nypu (comer. 1992)

C O C T ~ B BblJIOBa n 0 p a 3 ~ e p n b r ~ ~ n a c c a ~

K a n u 6 p o ~ ~ a UHAeKCa '4UCJIeHHOCTU

Monenu npOLfyKUUU

H ~ O ~ X O A U M ~ I ~ AaHHble

BbIJZOB n p o ~ b i c n o ~ o e ycunue - ~ e o 6 x o ~ u ~ o e nnsr l lOCTpOeHUS CPUE; UJIU K~KOR-nu60 ~ p y r 0 R UHAeKC qUCJleHHOCTU

c n y s a R ~ b ~ e B ~ I ~ O P K U AO u nocne n p o ~ b ~ c n a o61quR BblnOB

KOJI-BO oco6eZIl B BblJlOBe n0 Pa3MepHblM KnaCCaM T e M n POCTa eCTeCTBeHHa5l CMepTHOCTb OKOHqaTeJIbHaSleCTeCTBeHHaRCMePTHOCTb qUCJIeHHOCTb no pa3MepHblM KnaCCaM ~ e ~ n ~ O C T ~ BOOpPCT npLi OKOHqaTenbHOM BXOXAeHUU B 3 a n a C UHAeKC p a 3 M e p a n 0 n y J l S U U U n o pa3MepHblM ~ n a c c a ~ / ~ p e ~ s O ~ W U R B ~ I ~ O B / B ~ ~ M S p o c ~ ( n a p a ~ e ~ p b ~ unu o n u c a n u e )

' eCTeCTBeHHaSI CMepTHOCTb UHAeKC p a 3 M e p a n 0 n y J I R u U H no pa3MepHbIM ~ n a c c a ~ / ~ p e ~ s 06muR ~ b l J l O B / ~ p e M s p o c ~ ( n a p a ~ e r p b ~ unu o n u c a ~ u e ) eCTeCTBeHHa5i CMePTHOCTb pacnpenenenue B e p o s T H o c T u - A n u H a n o Pa3MepHbIM KnaCCaM K O ~ @ @ U U U ~ H T CeneKTUBHOCTU

UHAeKC qUCneHHOCTU

OUeHKa @ ~ K T O P ~ K ~ ~ U ~ ~ O B K U

* K O ~ @ @ U U U ~ H T YJIOBUCTOCTU AaHHble no Y n O B y U YCUJIUHl

~ J I ~ B H ~ I ~ ~ o n y n l e n u s

3aMKHyTaSi n0n yJZS4~~* CPUE nponopuuonane~ pa3~epy ~ O ~ Y ~ R U U H

~ ~ M K H Y T ~ nonynsqun CIR: OnUHaKOBaR BepOSTHOCTb BblJlOBa Y BCeX XUBOTHblX IR: BepOSTHOCTb BblJIOBa C T ~ ~ U J I ~ H ~ BHYTPU CbeMOK U M e x A y HUMU

3aMKHyTaZ ~ O ~ y n R Y U R n 0 n y n s u U U B paBHOBeCUU

' 3aMKHyTaS IlOnyJISUUSI nonynsuuw B PaBHOBeCUU

3aMKHyTaS nOnJ'nSuUSi

3aMKHyTaS n O n y n S 4 t r S

p a 3 ~ b l e - B3aBUCUMOCTU OT ~ ~ n a UHAeKCa

p a 3 H b l e - B 3aBUCUMOCTU O T ~ o ~ e n u

(JIa-Xoii~, Kanu@op~uR, CIIIA, 26-28 anpenrr. 1993 r.)

P. ARANA

M. BASSON

J. BEDDINGTON

R. ELNER

I. EVERSON

Escuela de Ciencias del Mar Universidad Catcilica de Valparaiso Casilla 1020 valparaiso Chile

Renewable Resources Assessment Group Imperial College 8, Prince's Gardens London SW7 INA United Kingdom

Renewable Resources Assessment Group Imperial College 8, Prince's Gardens London SW7 1NA United Kingdom

Golden Shamrock Inc. Fishermans Terminal West Wall Building #2 1 8 Seattle, WA 98199 USA

Canadian Wildlife Service PO Box 340 Delta, BC Canada V4K 3Y3 USA

British Antarctic Survey High Cross, Madingley Road Cambridge, CB3 OET United Kingdom

NOAA, NMFS Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA

Department of Fisheries Humboldt State University Arcata, CA USA

J. HOENIG

R. HOLT

G. JAMIIISON

A. KURIS

JANG UK LEE

L.J. LOPEZ ABELLAN

S. OLSEN

R. on0

A. PAUL

J. REEVES

Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans PO Box 5667 St. John's, Newfoundland Canada USA

Antarctic Ecosystem Research Group Southwest Fisheries Centre PO Box 271 La Jolla, CA 92038 USA

Pacific Biological Station Nanaimo, BC Canada V9R 5K6 USA

Dept. Biological Sciences University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA

National Fisheries Research & Development Agency

65-3 Sirang-ri, Kijang-up, Yangsan-kun Koy ng-Nam Republic of Korea

Centro Oceanogrfico de Canarias Institute Espaiiol de Oceanografia Apartado de Correos 1 373 Santa Cruz de Tenerife Espafia

Institute of Marine Research PO Box 1870 N-5024 Bergen Norway

NMFS Kodiak Laboratory PO Box 1638 Kodiak, AK 99615 USA

Institute of Marine Sciences University of Alaska P.O. Box 730 Sewad, AK 99664 USA

Alaska Fisheries Science Center 7600 Sand Point Way N.E. Bldg 4, Seattle, WA 98 1 15 USA

V. RESTREPO

A. ROSENBERG

University of Miami 4600 Rickenbacker Cswy. Miami,FL 33149 USA

NOAA, NMFS 1335 East-West Highway Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA

NOAA, NMFS PO Box 271 La Jolla, CA 92038 USA

US AMLR Program NMFS PO Box 27 1 La Jolla, CA 92038 USA

D. AGNEW (COTPYAHMK n o c60py M CCAMLR 0 6 p a 6 o ~ ~ e ALHHMX) 25 Old Wharf

R. MARAZAS ( C ~ K T ~ ~ T ~ ~ ~ - M ~ I I I M H M C T K ~ ) Hobart Tasmania 7000 Australia

' - wS-CRAB-9314 THE ANTARCTIC CRAB FISHERY: EXTRACTS FROM CCAMLR-XI AND SC-CAMLR-XI Secretariat

WS-CRAB-9315 MANAGEMENT AND ASSESSMENT OPTIONS FOR THE CRAB FISHERY AROUND SOUTH GEORGIA M. Basson and D.D. Hoggarth (UK)

WS-CRAB-9316 DATA REQUIRED FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF MANAGEMENT OPTIONS M. Basson and J.R. Beddington (UK)

WS-CRAB-9317 A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF THE POSSIBLE EFFECTS OF RHIZOCEPHALAN PARASITISM ON THE MANAGEMENT OF THE CRAB FISBRY AROUND SOUTH GEORGIA M. Basson (UK)

WS-CRAB-9318 UNCERTAINTY, RESOURCE EXPLOITATION, AND CONSERVATION: LESSONS FROM HISTORY Donald Ludwig, Ray Hilborn and Carl Walters (USA)

WS-CRAB-9319 MODELLING CRUSTACEAN FISHERIES : EFFECTS OF PARASITES ON MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES h a n d M. Kuris and Kevin D. Lafferty (USA)

WS-CRAB-93/10 CHANGE-IN-RATIO AND INDEX-REMOVAL METHODS FOR POPULATION ASSESSMENT AND THEIR APPLICATION TO SNOW CRAB (CHZONOECETES OPZUO) Xucai Xu, Earl G. Dawe and John M. Hoenig (USA)

RELATIVE SELECTIVITY OF FOUR SAMPLING METHODS USING TRAPS AND TRAWLS FOR MALE SNOW CRABS (CHZONOECETES OPZUO) John M. Hoenig and Earl G. Dawe (USA)

GROWTH PER MOLT OF MALE SNOW CRAB CHZONOECETES OPZLZO FROM CONCEPTION AND BONAVISTA BAYS, NEWFOUNDLAND David M. Taylor and John M. Hoenig (USA)

LESLIE ANALYSES OF COMmRCIAL SNOW CRAB TRAP DATA: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CATCHABLITY C O E r n C r n S John M. Hoenig, Earl G. Dawe, David M. Taylor, Michael Eagles and John Tremblay (USA)

COMMERCIAL VESSEL CCAMLR SUBSAMPLE: LOGBOOK (USA)

COMMERCIAL VESSEL DAILY ACTIVITY LOGBOOK (USA)

COMMERCIAL VESSEL FISHING EFFORT LOGBOOK (USA)

GRAPHICAL PRESENTATIONS OF PRELIMINARY DATA COLLECTED ABOARD THE F/V PRO SURVEYOR IN 1992 (USA)

BIOLOGY OF BLUE CRAB, PORTUNUS TRITUBERCULATUS IN THE YELLOW SEA AND THE EAST CHINA SEA Lee Jang-Uk and A n Doo-Hae (Republic of Korea)

NOTA SOBRE LA PRESENCIA DE PARALOMIS SPZNOSZSSZMA Y PARALOMIS FORMOSA EN LAS CAPTURAS DE LA CAMPMA "ANTARTIDA 86 1 1" L.J. L6pez Abellh and E. Balguerias (Spain)

DEMOGRAPHY OF THE KOREAN BLUE CRAB, P O R T U N U S TRITUBERCULATUS FISHERY EXPLOITED IN THE WEST COAST OF KOREA AND THE EAST CHINA SEA Lee Jang-Uk and An Doo-Hae (Republic of Korea)

A BRIEF EXPLOITATION OF THE STONE CRAB LZTHODES MURRAYI (HENDERSON) OFF SOUTH WEST AFRICA, 1979180 R. Melville-Smith (South Africa)

QUANTITATIVE STOCK SURVEY AND SOME BIOLOGICAL AND MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DEEP-SEA RED CRAB GERYON QUINQUEDENS OFF SOUTH WEST AFBICA C.J. De B. Beyers and C.G. Wilke (South Africa)

A SYSTEM-OF-EQUATIONS APPROACH TO MODELING AGE-STRUCTURED FISH POPULATIONS: THE CASE OF ALASKAN RED KTNG CRAB, P A W T H O D E S CAMTSCHATICUS Joshua A. Greenberg, Scott C. Matulich and Ron C. Mittelhammer (USA)

PLOTS OF SOUTH GEORGIA ISLAND CRAB DATA R.S. Otto (USA)

EXTRACT FROM: MACPHERSON, E. 1988. REVISION OF THE FAMILY LITHODIDAE SAMOUELLE, 1 8 1 9 (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, ANOMURA) IN THE ATLANTIC OCEAN. MONOGRAF~AS DE ZOOLOG~A MARINA VOL. 29-153

A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON RESEARCH CONDUCTED DURING EXPERIMENTAL CRAB FISHING IN THE ANTARCTIC DURING 1992 (CCAMLR AREA 48) Robert S. Otto and Richard A. Macintosh (USA)

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