Galleria Storica 1940 - Ognibene · 2020. 2. 12. · Officine Reggiane. This big factory in Reg-gio...

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La “verita” dalla radio a galena La radio a galena è il più semplice tipo di ricevitore radio. Non ha bisogno di batte- rie o altra fonte di energia ad eccezione delle onde radio ricevute grazie a una lunga antenna esterna. Le radio a Galena si ascoltavano con le cuffie. “La mia radio a galena la usavo per ascoltare Radio Londra. Era il solo modo per avere notizie diverse dalla propagan- da che la radio italiana diffondeva. Dalla radio a galena abbiamo capito che c’e- rano i campi di sterminio nazisti che poi ho visto quando sono stato deportato in Germania il 12 settembre 1943”. Learning the “truth” from the crystal radio receiver The crystal radio receiver is the simplest type of radio receiver. It needs no batteries nor other power source other than radio waves received through a long wire antenna. Crystal radio receivers could be listened to with headphones. “I used my crystal radio receiver to listen to Radio London. It was the only way to get news besides the propagan- da that the Italian Radio broadcasted. From the crystal radio, we realized that there were Nazi concentration camps, which I personally saw when I was deported to Germany on September 12th, 1943”. Galleria Storica 1940

Transcript of Galleria Storica 1940 - Ognibene · 2020. 2. 12. · Officine Reggiane. This big factory in Reg-gio...

Page 1: Galleria Storica 1940 - Ognibene · 2020. 2. 12. · Officine Reggiane. This big factory in Reg-gio Emilia had been a breeding ground for many small businesses opened by former employees

La “verita” dalla radio a galenaLa radio a galena è il più semplice tipo di ricevitore radio. Non ha bisogno di batte-rie o altra fonte di energia ad eccezione delle onde radio ricevute grazie a una lunga antenna esterna.Le radio a Galena si ascoltavano con le cuffie. “La mia radio a galena la usavo per ascoltare Radio Londra. Era il solo modo per avere notizie diverse dalla propagan-da che la radio italiana diffondeva. Dalla radio a galena abbiamo capito che c’e-rano i campi di sterminio nazisti che poi ho visto quando sono stato deportato in Germania il 12 settembre 1943”.

Learning the “truth” from the crystal radio receiverThe crystal radio receiver is the simplest type of radio receiver. It needs no batteries nor other power source other than radio waves received through a long wire antenna.Crystal radio receivers could be listened to with headphones. “I used my crystal radio receiver to listen to Radio London. It was the only way to get news besides the propagan-da that the Italian Radio broadcasted. From the crystal radio, we realized that there were Nazi concentration camps, which I personally saw when I was deported to Germany on September 12th, 1943”.

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Quando il trapano aveva “la luma”Il trapano a manovella che Olmes Ogni-bene usò per le prime lavorazioni veniva dalle Officine Reggiane. La grande fab-brica di Reggio Emilia è stata la scuola e anche il magazzino per molte piccole attività artigianali. Il rinnovamento tec-nologico spingeva le Reggiane a disfarsi delle macchine utensili più vecchie e quel trapano che nelle ore notturne era illu-minato da una “luma”, una piccola fiam-mella a petrolio, fu pagato “con 47 uova fresche”.

When a flame “luma” lit up the drillThe hand-drill used by Olmes Ognibene to build his “CARIOCA” tractor came from Officine Reggiane. This big factory in Reg-gio Emilia had been a breeding ground for many small businesses opened by former employees who learned skills while em-ployed there. Due to Officine Reggiane updating their technology and equipment, the company disposed of the oldest tools, and that drill, which was lit at night by a “luma”, a small petroleum flame, was paid for “with 47 fresh eggs”.

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La “fucina delle idee”Tante ore passate a cercare le attrezzatu-re per la prima officina e molte di più a lavorare e immaginare. Le idee migliori che sono diventate realtà tra un incudine e una fucina comprati con i denari messi a disposizione di Olmes Ognibene dallo zio Romeo Gobbi. Non aveva figli e faceva il calzolaio ma prestò 20mila Lire così fu-cina e incudine furono acquistati cercan-do per le campagne reggiane. E’ stato il primo “finanziatore” della Ognibene.

The “breeding ground of ideas”Olmes Ognibene spent many hours looking for equipment for the first workshop and many more hours working and thinking. The best ideas became reality with simply an anvil and a forge bought with money borrowed by Olmes Ognibene from his un-cle Romeo Gobbi. He had no children and was a shoemaker, and he lent his nephew twenty thousand lire. This was the way Olmes Ognibene had the means to buy a forge and an anvil somewhere in the coun-tryside of Reggio Emilia. Romeo Gobbi was the first “financier” of Ognibene.Alpha

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Il primo trattore è il “CARIOCA”Il motore era un 501 Fiat pagato 10mila Lire, il cambio Ford V8, il differenziale Bet Ford, il riduttore Chevrolet, le parti della carrozzeria erano frutto di demolizioni di mezzi bellici. In un anno di lavoro, concluso il 14 marzo 1948, Olmes Ognibene ha assemblato il primo trattore e lo battezza “CARIOCA”. Il giorno del 25esimo compleanno il trattore era pronto ma non usciva più dalla porta della piccola stalla dove era stato costruito. Ancora bulloni da svitare e avvitare ma alla fine viaggiava e sulla strada raggiungeva i 30 Km orari.

“CARIOCA”, the first tractor“The engine was a 501 Fiat for which I paid ten thousand lire; the gearshift was a Ford V8, the differential gear was a Bet Ford, the gearbox was a Chevrolet and bodywork parts came from discarded military vehi-cles”. During one year of work that ended on March 14th, 1948, Olmes Ognibene had assembled the first tractor and named it “CARIOCA”. On Mr. Ognibene’s 25th birth-day, the tractor was ready, however he could not get it out of the barn where the tractor was built, because the doorway was too small. One more time, it was necessary to unscrew and screw some bolts to the tractor, and finally he was able to travel on the road with the tractor up to 30 km per hour (19 miles per hour).

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Il trattore marcia a “gasogeno”Olmes Ognibene impiegò un anno, tra il 1949 e il 1950, per costruire il nuovo CA-RIOCA alimentato a gasogeno. Il motore era Jeep, come il cambio, e il differenziale era stato recuperato da un mezzo Ford. Il sistema a “gasogeno” non richiedeva petrolio o benzina, che in quel periodo erano merce rarissima, ma semplice legna usata per generare il gas. Fu venduto alla fiera Millenaria di Gonzaga per 330mila Lire.

The tractor runs to “gasifier”It took Olmes Ognibene one year, 1949 to 1950, to build the new “CARIOCA” fueled via a gasifier. The engine and the gearshift were Jeep and the differential gear had been recovered from a Ford vehicle. The gasifier system required neither oil nor gasoline, but simply wood to generate gas. He chose this system because at that time oil and gasoline were extremely difficult to find. The “CARIOCA” tractor was sold at the “Millenaria Gonzaga” fair for three hundred thirty thousand lire.

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Le prime fatture “a macchina”Le vendite di trattori e di altre macchine agricole andavano bene e per le prime fatture serviva una macchina per scrivere. Olmes Ognibene l’acquistò nel 1951. La macchina da scrivere era una ICO Olivetti. ICO erano le iniziali del fondatore: Ing. Camillo Olivetti. Oggi lo definiremmo un “tablet” perché era piccola e portatile. Le fatture e i conti “a macchina” erano il segno dei tempi nuovi.

The first ‘typed’ invoicesTractors and other agricultural machin-ery sold well and in order to issue the first invoices it was necessary to purchase a typewriter. Olmes Ognibene bought one in 1951. The typewriter was an ICO Olivetti. ICO were the founder’s initials: Ing. Camillo Olivetti. Today we would call that typewriter a “tablet”, as it was small and portable. Invoices and typed paperwork were symbols of new times.

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Il trattore diventa “ruspa”Il mercato dei trattori artigianali si stava riducendo ma servivano accessori adatti alle lavorazioni meccanizzate. La prima idea di montare una pala idraulica davan-ti al trattore FIAT 25R “la Piccola” è nata per ridurre la fatica dei contadini nelle stalle. La pulizia dal letame diventava facile e rapida.La pala non era un problema.. ma servi-va un sistema per comandarla. Il primo esemplare fu venduto per una stalla nel mantovano E’ l’inizio della storia “idrau-lica” di Olmes Ognibene. Un ingresso in quella che si è chiamata oleodinamica e che oggi è meccatronica.

The tractor becomes “bulldozer”The artisan-made tractor market was shrinking, and now attachments for mechanized activities were in demand. The first idea to fit a hydraulic shovel named “La Piccola” (the Little One) in front of a FIAT 25R tractor was intended to reduce farmers’ strain in the barns, makingmanure cleaning easier and faster. The shovel itself was not a problem; how to control the shovel was the problem. The first shovel was sold to a farmer for his barn in Mantua. This was the beginning of the “hydraulic” story of Olmes Ognibene, his way into the hydraulic industry, that nowadays we call mechatronics.

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Avanti “in retro”Il trattore con “la pala” nel giro di pochi anni aveva trovato mercato e servivano altre novità. Tra il 55 e il 1956 non c’era nessun trattore con la pala montata sulle ruote posteriori. L’azienda edile Gatti di Scandiano aveva bisogno di quella “ruspa” e Olmes Ognibene la creò usando un trattore SAME Ariete. Era una grande benna che servì per alleviare la fatica dei muratori nella movimentazione in cantiere. Un altro passo avanti.

Moving forward by shifting “in reverse”The tractor with the shovel was spread on the market for a few years and then advancements were sought by customers. In years 1955 and 1956 there were no tractors equipped with the blade assembled on the rear. Gatti, a construction company in Scandiano, needed such a “bulldozer” and Olmes Ognibene retrofit a SAME Aries tractor by adding a blade to the back of the tractor. It was a big bucket useful to ease the bricklayers’ strain while handling material at construction sites.Another step forward.

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Affari e “calcoli”Il giro d’affari cresceva e Olmes Ognibene sentì il bisogno di uno strumento per accelerare i tempi di calcolo della contabilità che ormai non era più gestibile “a matita”. Arrivava sempre dalla Olivetti di Ivrea che nel frattempo era diventata un grandissima azienda. Era una calcolatrice “Summa Prima 20”. Tanto era innovativa e bella che è stata esposta al MOMA, The Museum of Modern Art di New York. I conti “tornavano” e la Ognibene cresceva.

Business and “calculations”Turnover was increasing and Olmes Ognibene needed a tool to advance the accounting operations, which was no longer possible to manage manually. He bought a “Summa First 20” calculator, which, as the typewriter, was manufactured by Olivetti, which had become a huge company in the meantime. Because the calculator was so innovative and beautiful it has been exhibited at MoMA, The Museum of Modern Art in New York. Ognibene was growing.

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La novita? Ecco il “Cingolcar”Nelle aziende agricole erano arrivati i trattori a cingoli ma per spostarli su strada serviva un’idea. Quell’idea si chiamò “CINGOLCAR” e Ol-mes Ognibene riuscì a creare con l’ing. Sergio Ligabue un sistema per usare la forza motrice del trattore a cingoli (con cinghie trapezoidaliposteriori) per far muovere il mezzo su ruote che riusciva a spostarsi agevolmente per le strade. Era certamente una soluzione “spartana” ma funzionava benissimo. E’ stata, per una decina d’anni, una produzione stabile e redditizia.

What is the news? Here is the “CINGOLCAR”Farms at that time had tractors that moved on tracks (as opposed to wheels).But they needed an idea as to how to move them on the streets. That idea was called “CINGOLCAR”, a trailer developed by Olmes Ognibene, together with engineer Sergio Ligabue. Using the driving force of the track tractors (rear V-belts) they could move the track tractor onto the “CINGOLCAR” that had wheels. This enabled movement of the tractor throughout the streets. It was certainly a “Spartan” solution, but it worked great. It was a stable and profitable endeavor for ten years.

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Le piastrelle e il “Ripper”Abitare a un tiro di schioppo dal distretto ceramico di Sassuolo per Olmes Ognibene è stata una fortuna. Nei primi anni sessanta le ceramiche nascevano come funghi e servivano attrezzature adatte a lavorare in grande quantità, rapidamente e con poca fatica dalle cave di “terra rossa” l’argilla. I “RIPPER” erano la soluzione e Olmes Ognibene iniziò a costruirli per rendere utilizzabili i trattori Caterpillar D7 usando per i denti le corazze dei carri armatiormai residuati bellici. Ruspe e Ripper sono stati un buon affare per molti anni.

Tiles and the “RIPPER”Olmes Ognibene was fortunate to live nearby the tile district of Sassuolo. In the early sixties the tile industry was booming and they were looking for some equipment for the quick and easy extraction of the clay from the red earth quarries. The “RIPPER” was Olmes Ognibene’s response to the market needs and he started building vehicles suitable for Caterpillar D7 tractors. For teeth, he used armor from tanks, which were military left overs. Bulldozers and “RIPPER” brought forth good business for many years.

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RogerQuest’attrezzo è nato prima della presa di forza dei trattori. Per svolgere queste tipologie di lavoro allora si poteva utilizzare solo la zappa. Questo attrezzo veniva trainato dai cingolati. Ne sono stati prodotti alme-no 60 esemplari.

RogerThis tool was built before the PTO tractor technology was available. Prior to this, the only tool which could have been used to do this job was a hoe. This tool was dragged by a tractor track. I produced almost 60 Rogers.

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Più uva alla cantina: ma “senza fatica”Le terre d’Emilia sono vocate da secolial “buon vino” ma la fatica per portare le uve alle cantine di trasformazione è sempre stata tanta. Carri e carri da caricare scaricare. Olmes Ognibene ha studiato e realizzato macchine su misura per ridurre il lavoro manuale nelle cantine. Le vinacce, per fare un esempio, venivano caricate con il badile e scaricate con grandi problemi. Il sistema meccanizzato per caricare le vinacce fu subito un successo.

More grapes with less effort to the wineryThe region of Emilia has been known for its good wine for centuries. However, the activity of bringing the grapes to the winery for processing required a lot of effort, meaning many wagon-loads and then having to download. Olmes Ognibene designed and built custom-made machines to reduce labor at the wineries. Previously, the vinasse (discarded material such as grape vines) was manually loaded and unloaded with shovels. The introduction of this new machine for loading and unloading operations at the wineries became an immediate success.

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I trattori “nel cuore”La Ognibene in trent’anni, partendo dagli anni del Miracolo Economico Italiano, il “boom”, era diventata un’industria. Macchine per facilitare lo scarico delle uve nelle cantine, caricatori per le vinacce, attrezzature per la lavorazione del terreno (erpici) e tante tantissime soluzioni per l’oleodinamica che assumeva sempre maggiore importanza era il lavoro quotidiano ma Olmes Ognibene nel cuore aveva sempre la stessa passione: i trattori. Nel 1996 si costruì un nuovo CARIOCA con motore, differenziale e cambio SPA militare (un autocarro leggero). Per realizzarlo impiegò ter mesi.

Tractors “in the heart”In thirty years and thanks to the boom-ing Italian market (“The Italian Economic Miracle”), Ognibene went from being a small artisan business to a well-established company. Olmes Ognibene was very busy dealing with winery machines, loaders for vinasse, equipment to plow the ground and the growing hydraulics industry. However, he always kept the same passion in his heart: tractors. So, in 1996 he built a new “CARIOCA” with an engine, a differential gear and an SPA military gearshift (from a light truck). It took him three months to build his tractor.

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Un Carioca “moderno”La Ognibene ormai è una grande azienda che sotto la guida del figlio Claudio si espande in tutto il mondo e Olmes Ognibene ha il tempo di dedicarsi al suo vero e uno divertimento: costruire macchine. Con un motore OM Leoncino, un cambio Ford e un differenziale FIAR ricostruire un CARIOCA ma con la presa di forza e il blocco del differenziale.

A “modern CARIOCA” By now Ognibene is a huge company which, under the leadership of Olmes’s son, Claudio, is world-wide; therefore Olmes Ognibene can devote himself to his real and only hobby: building tractors and machines. He rebuilt a “CARIOCA” equipped with an OM Leoncino engine, a Ford gearshift, FIAT differential gear, PTO and differential gear lock.

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La “dinastia” dei CARIOCAL’ultimo esemplare della “dinastia” dei Carioca Olmes Ognibene lo ha costruito nel 2012 con un motore e un cambio OM Leoncino un autocarro prodotto dal 1950 al 1968 dalla Officine Meccaniche (OM) di Brescia. La specificità di questo trattore è tutta nel differenziale con riduttore ai mozzi.

The “CARIOCA dynasty” The last piece of Olmes Ognibene’s “CARIOCA dynasty” was built in 2012, with an engine and a differential gear from an OM Leoncino truck, produced by Officine Meccaniche (OM) of Brescia from 1950 to 1968. The peculiarity of his latest CARIOCA is that it is equipped with all of the differential gear adaptors in the hubs.

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Automatismo per l’avvio di macchineCambiano i tempi e cambiano le esigenze ma non cambia lo spirito che spinge Olmes Ognibene a inventare soluzioni per rendere più facile ogni tipo di lavoro legato all’agricoltura. È il caso di un dispositivo per automatizzare con il semplice uso di un telecomando l’avvio di macchine come motoseghe, decespugliatori e similari che normalmente sono da avviare con meccanismo “a strappo” che deve essere azionato manualmente. Basta premere il telecomando per avviare la macchina guadagnando in sicurezza e semplicità d’uso.

Automatism To Start MachinesTimes and needs change, but what does not change is the mind of Olmes Ognibene, always compelled to find solutions that ease agricultural work. The result is a device to automate the start of machines such as chainsaws, hedge trimmers and similar tools by using a simple remote control. Prior to this invention, these machines were started with a “pull-cord” mechanism, manually operated. Now one can simply press a remote control to start the machine, increasing ease and safety.

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Ecco il nuovissimo ”EVERY WELL”A novant’anni Olmes Ognibene ha ancora tante idee, tante come i brevetti che ha depositato e le soluzioni per semplificare tanti lavori che in 78 anni di lavoro ha saputo realizzare. Il nuovo nato si chiama “EVERY WELL” e non poteva essere che un trattore ma con il differenziale sterzante, 4 ruote motrici e 4 ruote sterzanti. Ancora una volta la base di partenza sono stati il motore e il cambio di un camioncino OM. Un trattore capace di arare con le ruote dentro o fuori dal solco.La storia continua.

Here is the brand new “EVERY WELL”After having filed many patents, finding solutions to simplify many activities during his 78 year career, and now at the age of ninety years, Olmes Ognibene continues to have many ideas. The new generation is called “EVERY WELL” and, of course, it is a tractor. It has a steering differential gear, four-wheel-drive and is able to plow with its wheels either in or out of the furrow. One more time, basic components for the tractor were the engine and the gearshift of an OM truck. The story continues.

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“Spaccalegna” per passioneOlmes Ognibene negli anni ottanta ascoltando da suo figlio Claudio quello che in America si faceva per spaccare la legna senza fatica creò i suoi spaccalegna. Dal primo spaccalegna automatizzato applicato su una motosega la storia è andata avanti e ancora avanti. Oggi che la crisi spinge tante famiglie a riutilizzare la legna per il riscaldamento domestico e Olmes Ognibene ha già pensato a una nuova attrezzatura, in attesa di BREVETTO europeo, che con il solo motore del trattore, attraverso la presa di forza, riesce a far funzionare cinque attrezzi più la pala anteriore montata su FIAT 125. L’ennesima idea che funziona!

In the eighties, Claudio Ognibene was telling his father about how in America people were effortlessly splitting wood by using hydraulic log splitters. It was at that point that Olmes Ognibene decided to produce his first automated hydraulic log splitter fit on a chain saw and many more models followed. The economic situation nowadays is pushing many families to go back to wood for their domestic heating; Olmes Ognibene designed a new device and its European patent is now pending. This equipment works through the engine of the tractor and PTO and it is able to oper-ate five attachments as well as the front shovel mounted on the FIAT 125 tractor. Yet, one more idea that works!

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A passion for “Hydraulic log splitters”