Controllo Avanzato Con LabVIEW e Tecnologia Compact Rio

8/9/2019 Controllo Avanzato Con LabVIEW e Tecnologia Compact Rio

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Progettazione grafica con LabVIEW

per il controllo avanzato:Introduzione alla tecnologia CompactRIO

Davide Palandella

National Instruments Italy

http://www.ni.com/crio

http://www.ni.com/crio



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Agenda

•Introduction to Real-Time

•Real-Time Development Tools

•CompactRIO: FPGA-based architecture

•Programming with LabVIEW Real-Time

•Control and analysis

•Communicating to Real-Time targets

•Programming with LabVIEW FPGA



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National Instruments EverywhereMore than 25,000 companies, including

90% of Fortune 500 manufacturing companies use virtual instrumentation

http://www.lego.com/eng/



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LabVIEW Graphical Programming

LEGO Mindstorms NXT“the smartest, coolest toy

of the year”

CERN Large Hadron Collider “the most powerful instrument

on earth”



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LabVIEW Graphical System Design Platform

Dataflow C Code Textual Math Simulation Statechart

PC PXI Systems CompactRIO Custom DesignSB RIO

Real-Time FPGA MicroprocessorsLabVIEW

Desktop

WSN



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NI CompactRIO FPGA-based Hardware


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What is Real-Time?

• Real-time does not always mean real fast• Real-time means absolute reliability

• Real-time systems have timing constraints that must be

met to avoid failure• Determinism is the ability to complete a task within a fixed

amount of time


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Spectrum of Real-Time Applications

Test and validation Industrial control Embedded design



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Operating System CharacteristicsGeneral Purpose OS

• High-priority tasks can bepreempted by lower-priority tasks

• Extraneous background programs

- Screen savers, disk utilities, virussoftware, and so on

• Peripheral Interrupts- Mouse, keyboard, and so on

Real-Time OS• Scheduler ensures high-priority

tasks execute first

• Direct control over all tasks• Stand-alone (no mouse, keyboard,

and so on)

Loop Rate Software Jitter

10 – 100 Hz Unbounded

Up to 50kHz Bounded



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LabVIEW Real-Time

Execution Trace Tool

LabVIEW Real-Time

Target

Linker

System Analysis Tools

RTOS

Microprocessor

I/O Connectivity

Compiler

Debugger

Real-Time Development Tools

Development

Software

Real-Time

Hardware



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Single-Board

ComputersTraditional COTS HW

Device Drivers

Board Support

Package (BSP)

Driver API

Application Software

• RTOS with prebuilt BSP

• Built-in boot loader, flash and download utilities/drivers (optional)

• USB, Ethernet and other low-level software stacks

• Processor-based SBC

• No FPGA

Traditional

COTS HW

vendors supply

SBC and BSP

Created by theembedded

designer for

each project



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Single-Board

Computers

CompactRIO or NI

Single-Board RIO

Device Drivers

Board Support

Package (BSP)

Driver API

Application Software

• Graphical or Text programming

• Program HMI, real-time processor and FPGA with one tool flow

• Signal processing, control, communications libraries in LabVIEW

• Complete C and VHDL support

Complete Easy to Use I/O API Libraries:

• Built-in APIs for analog, digital, motion, etc

• APIs for DMA transfer

• APIs for Serial, CAN, TCP and file I/O

Validated Low-level Drivers:

• Device drivers for all analog and digital I/O

• Device drivers for RS232, TCP/IP, UDP, etc

• Drivers for System Services such as Interrupt Control , Power Management ,External Bus Interface Unit Control , Deferred Callback , DMA Management

Ready to Run Out of the Box:

• VxWorks RTOS with prebuilt BSP

• Built-in boot loader, flash and download utilities/drivers

• USB, Ethernet and other low-level software stacks

• Freescale Processor

• Xilinx FPGA

• NI custom high performance bus interface ASIC

• Connectivity for custom design or C Series I /O

Validated,

Tested, and

Proven

Embedded

Middleware

Drivers



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LabVIEW Real-Time Module

• Rapidly develop robust and reliable systems with graphical programming

• Implement and visualize precise deterministic performance

• Eliminate time spent integrating diverse I/O



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LabVIEW Real-Time Hardware Targets

Compact

Vision

System

Compact

FieldPoint

PXI Desktop or

Industrial PC

LabVIEW Real-Time

CompactRIO Smart

Camera

NI Single-Board

RIO



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NI CompactRIO FPGA-based Hardware

• Reconfigurable FPGA for high-speed and custom I/O timing, triggering, and control

• Real-time processor for reliable measurement, analysis, connectivity, and control

• I/O modules with built-in signal conditioning for connection to sensors/actuators

Real-Time

Processor

FPGA

Extreme Ruggedness

• -40 to 70 C temperature range

•

50g shock, 5g vibration

Low Power Consumption

• 9 to 35 VDC power, 7-10 W typical



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NI Single-Board RIO Embedded Control & Acquisition

Small Size, Low Power 21 x 9 cm. (8.2 x 3.7 in.)

19-30 VDC power, (7-10 W typ.)

-20 to 55 °C operating temp

-20 to 85 °C storage temp

Real-Time Processor 400 MHz processor for floating-point control,

analysis, and logging

Reconfigurable FPGACustomized timing and processing of I/O

Expansion I/OConnect up to three C Series modules for

additional I/O (strain, TC, comm., motion, etc…)

Onboard Analog and Digital I/O110 DIO, Up to 32-ch AI, up to 4-ch AO,

Up to 32-ch of 24 V DIO

Networking/Peripherals

10/100 Ethernet portRS232 Serial port



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C Series I/O Modules

• Analog Input

Up to 250 kS/s simultaneous sampling

4, 8, 16, and 32-ch options

Built-in signal condition for sensors• Strain gages, accelerometers,

thermocouples, RTDs

Up to 300V, ± 60 V, ±20 mA

12, 16 and 24-bit resolution

Available ch-to-ch isolation

• Analog Output Up to100 kS/s simultaneous

updating 4-ch per module

10 V, ±20 mA

Isolation

• Digital I/O – Up to 30 MHz timing

– 8 and 32-channel options

– 5V/TTL, 12/24/48 V logic levels – Available ch-to-ch isolation

• Other – 2-port CAN modules (high and low

speed)

– Brushed DC servo motor drivemodule

• Connector options – Screw terminal, spring terminal, BNC,

D-Sub



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CompactRIO/Single-Board RIO Applications

Machine Control

• Packaging/Processing

High-speed motioncontrol, batch control,discrete control

• Heavy Machinery Control

Real-time signalprocessing and controlof power electronics,

hydraulic systems• Semiconductor/Biomed

Custom motion andvision inspection,material handling

Machine Monitoring

• Machine Condition Monitoring

– Bearing order analysis,lubrication monitoring, cooling,combustion…

• Mobile/portable DSA, NVH

– Noise, vibration, harshness,dynamic signal analysis,acoustics

• Distributed Acquisition

– Central controller withdistributed I/O nodes overEthernet/wireless

In-Vehicle Data Acquisition

• In-Vehicle Data Acquisition

– Automobiles, motorcycles,recreational vehicles, researchaircraft, trains

• Engine and ECU test cells

– HIL testing of engines andengine controllers, sensorsimulation using FPGA

• Rapid Control Prototyping

– Automotive/aerospace controlprototyping



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Exercise Station – CompactRIO Demo Box



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LabVIEW 8.6: A New Era for CompactRIO

• Program CompactRIO in minutes with new

CompactRIO Scan Mode

• Work with new monitoring and maintenance tools



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NI CompactRIO

LabVIEW Real-Time

LabVIEW Real-Time

FPGA

I / O M o d u l e s

RIO Scan

Interface

NI Scan Engine

I/O MemoryTable

I/O Variables

I / O M o d u l e s

LabVIEW FPGAVI

FPGA Host Interface

New LabVIEW 8.6 Programming Model for

CompactRIO



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Exercise 1

Temperature Threshold Measurement

I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

LabVIEW

Real-Time

I/O Scan



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CompactRIO Specialty Digital

Functionality

• Add specialty digital functionality to any C Series digital

I/O module (8 channels or less)

• No programming required• Supports high-speed counter, PWM, and quadrature

encoder



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Exercise 2- Specialty Digital Function



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The LabVIEW Timed Loop

• Each timed loop is a real-time task• Variety of sources for loop timing

• Assign unique priorities to a maximum

of 128 tasks

• Obtain timing feedback from loop• Dynamically change loop timing

• Assign to particular CPU core on

multicore systems



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Implementing Control in LabVIEW

(CompactRIO)

Minimal change in code for different types of I/O



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• Built-in Tools for Control PID, Fuzzy Logic, Advanced

Import C algorithms, Simulink Models

• Complete Analysis Libraries FFT, Linear Algebra, Filtering

Point by Point Analysis and Signal Generation

• Easily Integrate Diverse I/O Data Acquisition

Modular Instruments

Serial, GPIB, CAN, IEEE 1394, DeviceNet

• IEC61131-3 Function Blocks 18 new functions common in industrial control

Seamless LabVIEW Project integration

LabVIEW Real-Time Control & Analysis



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LabVIEW Function Blocks

28

• Familiar industrial functions based on

IEC 61131-3 standard

• Designed for real-time control

• Network-published shared variable

parameter values

• Install with LabVIEW Real-Time Module

• Also runs on Windows OS

• LabVIEW Project integration



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Exercise3- Alias and new Function

Blocks

Accumulate

Collect Boolean Array

Collect Numeric Array

Totalize

RS Bistable

SR Bistable

Count Down

Count Up

Count Up Down

Pulse Timer

Elapsed Timer

Retentive Timer On

Timer On Delay

Timer Off Delay

One Shot Rising

Accumulate and Collect

Bistable/Flip-Flop

Timing Edge Detection



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External Communication Methods

• Default Communication Best for developing and debugging

• Remote Panels

Best for remote control through Web browser

• Shared Variables Best for fast and distributed communication

Simple, intuitive API for fast development

Scalable for high-channel, rapid development

apps



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Remote Panels

• Uses LabVIEW built-in Web server • Monitor and control application with a Web browser



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LabVIEW 8.6 Real-TimeWeb Services Support

• Windows and Real-Time

• Custom Web clients

• No run-time engine needed

• Standard HTTP protocol

• Firewall friendly

Web Server

Thin Client Thin Client



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LabVIEW Execution Trace Toolkit

• Add-on for the LabVIEW Real-Time Module• Provides exact execution tracing of VIs and threads

running on real-time target for advanced debugging

Step 1: Use the TraceVI’s to analyze behavior

Step 2: Use the Execution Trace Tool to viewthread execution and debug application



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Scheduling Example: Two Real-Time

Tasks

• Task A runs every 10 ms and needs 3 ms of CPU time A A

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

• Task B runs every 1 ms and needs 0.5 ms of CPU time

Idle Time

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

B B B B B B B B B B B B B B

• Timed Loop A (priority 100) and Timed Loop B (priority 101) together:

AAAAAAAAA

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

B B B B B B B B B B B B B B



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Implement Multirate Scheduling



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FPGA Technology

I/O Blocks

Programmable

Interconnects

Logic

Blocks



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Importance of FPGA in Systems

• High Reliability – Designs become a custom circuit

• High Determinism – Runs algorithms at deterministic rates

down to 25 ns (faster in many cases)

• True Parallelism – Enables parallel tasks and pipelining

• Reconfigurable – Create new and alter existing task-specific

personalities



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How Does LabVIEW FPGA Work?

1. Same graphical programming

2. Generate VHDL

3. Compile VHDL through Xilinx

4. Generate downloadable bit file



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When to Use LabVIEW FPGA

• Waveform acquisition > 1kHz

• Custom triggering

• Hardware based analysis• Highest performance

• Unsupported modules

• Unsupported targets



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FPGA Co-Processing• Hardware-in-the-loop

• Sensor simulation Cam and crank

LVDTs

• Encoding/decoding sensors Tachometers

Custom digital protocols

• Signal Processing and Analysis Spectral analysis (FFT and windowing)

Filtering, Averaging, etc.

Integrate 3rd party IP

LVDT Simulation

Quadrature Encoder



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NI CompactRIO

LabVIEW Real-Time

LabVIEW Real-Time

FPGA

I / O M o d u l e s

RIO Scan

Interface

NI Scan Engine

I/O memorytable

I/O Variables

I / O M o d u l e s

LabVIEW FPGAVI

FPGA Host Interface

Programming CompactRIO with

LabVIEW FPGA



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Combining Scan Mode with FPGA Mode

• Add FPGA to project

• Drag modules to FPGA

• Requires compile

• Scan mode modules

• FPGA mode modules



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I/O

I/O

I/O

I/O

LabVIEW

Real-TimeLabVIEW

FPGA

Exercise 4. Using LV FPGAProgramming with LabVIEW FPGA



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LabVIEW Real-Time Targets

CompactRIONI Single-Board RIO PXI

DesktopPC

CompactVision System

Compact

FieldPoint

I/O Variety

Scalability

Performance

Ruggedness

Good Better Best



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CompactRIO Embedded System•Extreme Durability

•Reconfigurable FPGA Circuitry•Isolated Industrial I/O

•Real-Time OS

•Small Size, Low Power Consumption



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NI Single-Board RIO Embedded Device

• Single-Board Computer based on

CompactRIO

Real-Time OS, Reconfigurable FPGA, uses C

Series I/O Modules

• Several I/O modules included onboard (DIO, AI, AO, 24V DI & DO)

• Ideal for high-volume and

OEM applications



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NI Embedded Evaluation Kit

• Contents

NI Single-Board RIO with DIO, AI, AO

Signal accessory daughter card

LabVIEW evaluation software

• LabVIEW, LabVIEW Real-Time, andLabVIEW FPGA (expiring license)

Getting started guide with

exercises and tutorials

Power supply Ethernet cable

• Price – 879 € for 90-day eval kit

–1049 € for 180-day eval kit

ni.com/embeddedeval



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RT Series PXI Embedded Controllers

• High speed I/O

• Instrument grade accuracy

• Synchronization backplane

• Headless operation

• Hard drive or CompactFlash

• Watchdog timers



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• Convert desktop, industrial PCs, and Single-Board

Computers (SBC) into Real-Time targets• Integrate large variety of PCI I/O hardware

• Leverage high performance of latest PCs

Desktop PC as Real-Time Target

Additi l I f ti



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Additional Information

• Visit

ni.com/labview/ini.com/pac/i

ni.com/realtime

ni.com/fpga

ni.com /compactrio or ni.com/sbrio - and find:» Product information

» User applications

» Training opportunities

» In-depth tutorials• Technical Support

www.ni.com/ask

www.ni.com/zone



Le Caratteristiche di LabVIEW 2009

• Development Environment Enhancements

• Language and Performance Improvements

• LabVIEW MathScript RT Module

• Data Management and Visualization

• Software Engineering Tools

•

LabVIEW Community

Wh t’ N i L bVIEW R l Ti



What’s New in LabVIEW Real-Time

Architect Advanced Systems with Real-Time Technologies• Real-Time Hypervisor• MathScript RT Module• Object-Oriented Programming

Distribute, Synchronize, and Communicate Between Real-TimeSystems

•Absolutely Timed Structures

• Network Improvements• System Replication• Secure Web Services (SSL)

Increase CompactRIO Scan Mode Flexibility and FPGA Integration• Programmatically configure and access I/O• Insert preprocessed FPGA Data into the Scan Engine• Synchronize LabVIEW FPGA code with the NI Scan Engine

Wall Clock Timing on



Wall Clock Timing onLabVIEW Real-Time Targets

• Fire events at a specifictime on a specific day

• Synchronize multiple

distributed targets

Synchronize Events across



Synchronize Events acrossDistributed Real-Time Targets

Add FPGA Data to the Scan Engine



NI CompactRIORTOS

LabVIEW Real-Time

FPGA

S c a n M o d e I \ O m o d u l e s

RIO Scan

Interface

NI Scan Engine

I/O

memorytable

I/O Variables

F P

G A M o d e I \ O m

o d u l e s

LabVIEWFPGA VI

FPGA HostInterface

Add FPGA Data to the Scan EngineNew in 2009

User FPGAdata

Timing



http://www.ni.com/labview/whatsnew/i/



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LabVIEW Tour Dove?



LabVIEW Tour, Dove?

Industria

Milano * 27 ottobre Novotel Cà Granda

Torino* 29 ottobre Novotel Torino

Genova 4 novembre Novotel Genova Ovest

Firenze 5 novembre Una Way Firenze Nord – Campi Bisenzio

Brescia 10 novembre AC HotelPadova * 11 novembre Crowne Plaza

Chieti 18 novembre Hotel Sporting Villa Maria – Francavilla a Mare

Rimini 19 novembre Hotel Diplomat Palace

Roma* 24 novembre Hotel dei Congressi

Bari 26 novembre Sheraton Nicolaus

Agenda



AgendaOre 9:00 Registrazione

Ore 9:30 Benvenuto

Ore 9:45 – 11:00 Introduzione: le novità di LabVIEW 2009Le nuove funzionalità dell’ambiente di sviluppo per semplificare la

programmazione, i miglioramenti nel linguaggio e nelle prestazioni per

aumentare la produttività, gli strumenti di software engineering.

Ore 11:00 – 11:20 Pausa caffè

Ore 11:20 – 13:00 Il mondo di LabVIEW 2009: i moduli e le novità hardware

Programmazione real-time (possibilità di scaricare file LabVIEW

Mathscript su target real-time, migliore comunicazione e

sincronizzazione fra sistemi distribuiti e maggior integrazione fra Scan

Engine e FPGA) ed FPGA (migliore integrazione con il compilatore,

nuove IP - intellectual property - per calcolo e signal processing);

generazione di report html da una rappresentazione a diagramma di

stato; nuovi toolkit RF di LabVIEW per GPS, WLAN, WiMAX e MIMO;nuovi nodi Wireless Sensor Network programmabili da LabVIEW;

prototipazione digitale grazie all’integrazione con SolidWorks ed alle

librerie NI SoftMotion.

Il bus ideale per le applicazioni di acquisizione dati, datalogging



e monitoraggio

In occasione di quattro date speciali, LabVIEW 2009 Tour proseguirà

nel pomeriggio con un seminario formativo sul tema: “PCI Express,

USB, ZigBee, Wi-Fi, Ethernet, PXI: qual è il bus per le tue applicazioni

di acquisizione dati, datalogging e monitoraggio?”. Obiettivo del

seminario è presentare linee guida ed esempi concreti su come

scegliere il bus più adatto tra i molteplici disponibili in funzione delle

esigenze della tua applicazione; si analizzeranno le piattaforme

hardware di acquisizione dati NI per ogni bus, tra cui plug-&-play USB,

wireless Wi-Fi ed Ethernet, i nuovi Wireless Sensor Network su

ZigBee, la terza generazione di schede della Serie X per PCI

Express/PXI Express, fino all’acquisizione dati intelligente con FPGA

su PCI/PXI. Verranno poi discussi gli strumenti software per acquisire,

analizzare e presentare i risultati ottenuti, sfruttando la piattaforma di

programmazione grafica di NI LabVIEW.

Nota bene: è necessario registrarsi separatamente alla sessione

pomeridiana della data prescelta.

Dove e quando: Milano, 27 ottobre Torino, 29 ottobrePadova, 11 novembre Roma, 24 novembre

Dalle 14:30 alle 17:30

I Ser i i di NI Ital



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I Servizi di NI Italy

Formazione

SupportoTecnico

ManutenzioneSoftware

ManutenzioneHardware

Corsi organizzati presso le sedi NI, presso il cliente e ON-LINE via web

P d tti di ili l f i M li CD Kit



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F o r m a z i o n e Base

Intermedia

Avanzata

Prodotti disponili per la formazione: Manuali, CD Kit

LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, TestStand, DIAdem

Corsi Tematici sulle misure

Corsi orientati ai moduli software: Real-Time, FPGA

Corsi orientati all’uso di hardware: Acquisizione Dati, Bus

CAN, Strumenti Modulari - PXI, Vision & Motion, CompactRIO

Corsi avanzati sui prodotti, programmi “ad hoc” per il cliente

Certificazione – Associate, Developer, Architect per LabVIEW, LabWindows/CVI, TestStand

S u p p o r t o

T e c n i c o

Supporto tecnico mediante WEB FORUM

Supporto tecnico telefonico/e-mail mediante gli Application Engineer di NI

Italy (è richiesto l’acquisto di un Servizio Software – di seguito)

Giornate di START-UP presso la sede del cliente

Supporto tecnico presso la sede del cliente

Supporto sistemistico – Definizione architettura sistema / Review finale

CORSI TEMATICI:

La misura con il supporto del PC

Misure Elettriche con il PC

Misure Termotecniche con il PC

Corso Base: Acustica & VibrazioneCorso Avanzato: Acustica & Vibrazione

Standard Service Program, SSP – fino a 5 licenze:

Durata annuale Aggiornamento automatico della/e licenze software



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M a n u t e n z i o

n e

H a r d w a r e

RIPARAZIONI: mediamente 10/15 gg lavorativi

ESTENSIONE DI GARANZIA: fino a 5 anni / Gestione longevità e ciclo vita sistema

CONTRATTI HARDWARE PER RAPIDA MANUTENZIONE – Gestione fermi macchina

SAP (SYSTEM ASSURANCE PLAN) - STANDARD – cFP, cRIO e PXIhw assemblato e testato, sw e sw driver preinstallati, 3 anni di garanzia e del servizio di calibrazione inclusi

SAP – PREMIUM – Programmi di manutenzione per rispondere a esigenze specifiche del cliente

M a n u t e n z i o n e

S o f t w a

r e

Durata annuale - Aggiornamento automatico della/e licenze software

Supporto tecnico diretto mediante Application Engineer

Sconto sui programmi di formazione

Ricezione rivista tecnica LabVIEW World (per gli utenti di LabVIEW)

Contratto Software - fino a un max di 5 licenze:

Durata annuale con rinnovo automatico, costo inferiore al precedente

Servizi inclusi: come per SSP

Volume License Agreement, VLA - manutenzione annuale per multilicenze:

Vantaggi e risparmio nell’acquisto delle licenze e costo della manutenzione

Tutti i servizi previsti per SSP

I servizi di NI durante il progetto



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Progettazione SviluppoInstallazione

Impiego

Ciclo vita del sistema-apparecchiatura-progetto

I servizi di NI durante il progetto

Piano-contratto di manutenzione

Corsi e certificazioni

Calibrazione, Estensione di garanzia, Riparazioni

Programma di aggiornamento piattaforma Software

Servizi Standard

Supporto di Startup

Supporto sistemistico Upgrade AssistanceCorsi Avanzati / Supporto tecnico

Servizi specialistici

L bVIEW W ld



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LabVIEW World

• La prima rivista italiana per lacomunità LabVIEW

• Per abbonarti, visita il sito diFiera Milano Editore

www.ilb2b.it/labview_world• Se sei un utente Developer Suite

o Standard Service Program diNational Instruments, un anno di

abbonamento è incluso

http://www.ilb2b.it/labview_world

http://www.ilb2b.it/labview_world



Grazie per l’attenzione

Xxxx xxxxxNational Instruments Italy

[email protected]

Controllo Avanzato Con LabVIEW e Tecnologia Compact Rio

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