Analisi del rischio per la sicurezza nelle gallerie stradali.
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Analisi del rischio per la sicurezza nelle gallerie stradali - ID191 Di Santo, C. 1 , Gkoumas, K. 2 e Bontempi, F. 3 1 Ingegnere,Via delle Benedettine 71, Roma (RM) 01010, [email protected] 2 StroNGER srl, Incubatore ITech, via Giacomo Peroni 442-444, TecnopoloTiburtino - 00131 Roma, [email protected] 3 Facoltà di Ingegneria Civile e industriale, Sapienza Università di Roma,Via Eudossiana 18 - 00184 Roma, [email protected] VALUTAZIONE E GESTIONE DEL RISCHIO NEGLI INSEDIAMENTI CIVILI ED INDUSTRIALI VGR 2016 Roma, 13 - 15 Settembre 2016 Istituto Superiore Antincendi Via del Commercio, 13 THE ISSUE OF SAFETY IN TUNNELS (1) THE ISSUE OF SAFETY IN TUNNELS (2) PIARC/OECD QRAM OUTPUTS TUNNEL RISK ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE SOCIETAL RISK ACCEPTABILITY CRITERIA 1) DANGEROUS GOODS AND ACCIDENT SCENARIOS 2) SCENARIO PHYSICAL EFFECTS 3) PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 4) PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF THE SCENARIOS 5) SOCIETAL RISK INDICATORS 6) SOCIETAL RISK INDICATORS THE ST. DEMETRIO TUNNEL TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: EQUIPMENT & TRAFFIC DATA TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: EQUIPMENT & TRAFFIC DATA TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: F-N CURVE IN THE SOUTH DIRECTION TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS RESULTS TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO F-N CURVES CONCLUSIONS: QRAM AND FLUID D./EVAC. MODELS 1,00E-03 1,00E-02 1,00E-01 initial curve Bus ratio = 0 Bus Coaches Ratio = HGV Ratio LPG in Bulk =LPG in Cylinder = 0.15 LPG in Cylinder = 0.30 People in a Light Vehicle = 1 People in a Light Vehicle = 1.5 People in a Light Vehicle = 2.5 People in a Light Vehicle = 3 People in a HGV = 1.5 People in a HGV =2 People in a HGV = 3 facc x 10 facc x 10-1 DG-HGV correction factor * 10-1 DG-HGV transport correction factor * 10 Camber = 2.5 Camber = 4.12 Ground (Bad Rock): 1 Ground Type (Fragmented): 2 Segment Gradient = 0 Segment Gradient = 3 Segment Gradient (SOUTH) = -0.32 Segment Gradient (NORTH) = -0.32 Segment Gradient = -3 Number of Lanes 1 Number of Lanes 3 Construction 2 (Rectangualar cross-section) Normal Longitudinal Ventilation 105 Normal Longitudinal Ventilation 210 Open Area of discrete Drains = 0 Open Area of discrete Drains * 2 Emergency Coms = 1 (bell/siren) Emergency Coms = 2 (Public Address system) Emergency Longitudinal Ventilation 200 Emergency Longitudinal Ventilation 300 Emergency Longitudinal Ventilation → Reverse Flow Average Spacing between Emergency Exits = 200 Average Spacing between Emergency Exits = 400 Delay for Stopping Traffic = 1 min Delay for Stopping Traffic = 2 min Delayfor Stopping Traffic = 3 min Delay for Stopping Traffic = 4 min Delay for Stopping Traffic = 5 min Delay for Stopping Traffic = 10 min EVs in Direction South Traffic Frequency of accidents Structure details Safety equipment Number of Lanes f acc x 10 DG-HGV factor x 10 Delay for stopping approaching traffic BUS ratio Data Collection Data Preparation Risk Calculation Using QRAM Is Risk acceptable? NO Additional risk reduction measures START YES End Idintification of Critical Scenarios Single Scenario Simulation CFD Simulation (Fire, Ventilation) Evacuation Model (Evacuation, Rescue) Qualitative Risk Estimation Measures Included in the model? YES NO An operating method to follow can be to identify the critical scenarios that give the most significant contribution to the overall risk through the QRAM, and then to simulate those scenarios in detail in order to define risk reduction measures (Petelin S. 2009) See also: Gkoumas, K., Di Santo, C., Bontempi, F. (2016) “Risk analysis for severe traffic accidents in long road tunnels”, International Journal of Forensic Engineering,Vol. 3, No. 1-2, pp. 106-126
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Transcript of Analisi del rischio per la sicurezza nelle gallerie stradali.
Analisi del rischio per la sicurezza nelle gallerie stradali - ID191 Di Santo, C.1, Gkoumas, K.2 e Bontempi, F.3
1 Ingegnere, Via delle Benedettine 71, Roma (RM) 01010, [email protected]
2 StroNGER srl, Incubatore ITech, via Giacomo Peroni 442-444, Tecnopolo Tiburtino - 00131
Roma, [email protected]
3 Facoltà di Ingegneria Civile e industriale, Sapienza Università di Roma, Via Eudossiana 18 -
00184 Roma, [email protected]
VALUTAZIONE E GESTIONE
DEL RISCHIO NEGLI INSEDIAMENTI
CIVILI ED INDUSTRIALI
VGR 2016
Roma, 13 - 15 Settembre 2016
Istituto Superiore Antincendi
Via del Commercio, 13
THE ISSUE OF SAFETY IN TUNNELS (1) THE ISSUE OF SAFETY IN TUNNELS (2) PIARC/OECD QRAM OUTPUTS
TUNNEL RISK ASSESSMENT PROCEDURE SOCIETAL RISK ACCEPTABILITY CRITERIA 1) DANGEROUS GOODS AND ACCIDENT SCENARIOS
2) SCENARIO PHYSICAL EFFECTS 3) PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS 4) PROBABILITY OF OCCURRENCE OF THE SCENARIOS
5) SOCIETAL RISK INDICATORS 6) SOCIETAL RISK INDICATORS THE ST. DEMETRIO TUNNEL
TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: EQUIPMENT & TRAFFIC DATA TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: EQUIPMENT & TRAFFIC DATA TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: F-N CURVE IN THE SOUTH DIRECTION
TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS RESULTS TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO F-N CURVES CONCLUSIONS: QRAM AND FLUID D./EVAC. MODELS
1,00E-03
1,00E-02
1,00E-01
initia
l curv
e
Bus r
atio =
0
Bu
s C
oa
ch
es R
atio
= H
GV
Ra
tio
LP
G in B
ulk
=LP
G in C
ylin
der
= 0
.15
LP
G in C
ylin
der
= 0
.30
Pe
op
le in
a L
igh
t V
eh
icle
= 1
People
in a
Lig
ht V
ehic
le =
1.5
People
in a
Lig
ht V
ehic
le =
2.5
Pe
op
le in
a L
igh
t V
eh
icle
= 3
Pe
op
le in
a H
GV
= 1
.5
People
in a
HG
V =
2
People
in a
HG
V =
3
facc x
10
facc x
10-1
DG
-HG
V
corr
ectio
n fa
cto
r *
10
-1
DG
-HG
V t
ransp
ort
corr
ection f
acto
r *
10
Ca
mb
er
= 2
.5
Ca
mb
er
= 4
.12
Gro
un
d (
Ba
d R
ock):
1
Gro
und T
ype (
Fra
gm
ente
d):
2
Segm
ent G
radie
nt =
0
Segm
ent G
radie
nt =
3
Segm
ent G
radie
nt (
SO
UT
H)
= -
0.3
2
Segm
ent G
radie
nt (N
OR
TH
) =
-0.3
2
Segm
ent G
radie
nt =
-3
Nu
mb
er
of L
an
es 1
Nu
mb
er
of L
an
es
3
Constr
uction 2
(R
ecta
nguala
r cro
ss-s
ection)
No
rma
l L
ong
itu
din
al V
en
tila
tio
n 1
05
No
rma
l L
ong
itu
din
al V
en
tila
tio
n 2
10
Open A
rea o
f dis
cre
te D
rain
s =
0
Open A
rea o
f dis
cre
te D
rain
s *
2
Em
erg
ency C
om
s =
1 (
bell/
sir
en)
Em
erg
ency C
om
s =
2 (
Public
Addre
ss s
yste
m)
Em
erg
ency L
ongitudin
al V
entila
tion 2
00
Em
erg
ency L
ongitudin
al V
entila
tion 3
00
Em
erg
en
cy L
on
gitu
din
al V
en
tila
tio
n →
Re
ve
rse
Flo
w
Avera
ge S
pacin
g b
etw
een E
merg
ency E
xits =
200
Avera
ge S
pacin
g b
etw
een E
merg
ency E
xits =
400
De
lay f
or
Sto
ppin
g T
raffic
= 1
min
De
lay f
or
Sto
ppin
g T
raffic
= 2
min
De
layfo
r S
top
pin
g T
raff
ic =
3 m
in
Dela
y for
Sto
ppin
g T
raffic
= 4
min
De
lay f
or
Sto
ppin
g T
raffic
= 5
min
De
lay f
or
Sto
pp
ing
Tra
ffic
= 1
0 m
in
EVs in Direction South
TUNNEL ST. DEMETRIO: SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS RESULTS
Traffic
Frequency
of accidents
Structure
details
Safety
equipment
Number
of Lanes
facc x
10
DG-HGV
factor x 10
Delay for stopping
approaching trafficBUS ratio
CONCLUSIONS: QRAM AND FLUID DYNAMICS/EVACUATION MODELS
Data Collection
Data Preparation
Risk Calculation
Using QRAM
Is Risk
acceptable?
NO
Additional
risk reduction
measures
START
YES
End
Idintification of
Critical Scenarios
Single Scenario
Simulation
CFD Simulation
(Fire, Ventilation)
Evacuation Model
(Evacuation, Rescue)
Qualitative Risk
Estimation
Measures
Included
in the model?
YES NO
An operating method to follow can be to
identify the critical scenarios that give the most
significant contribution to the overall risk
through the QRAM, and then to simulate those
scenarios in detail in order to define risk
reduction measures (Petelin S. 2009)
See also: Gkoumas, K., Di Santo, C., Bontempi, F. (2016) “Risk analysis for severe traffic accidents in long road tunnels”, International Journal of Forensic
Engineering, Vol. 3, No. 1-2, pp. 106-126
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