Come combattere lo SPAM in un Come combattere lo SPAM in un ambiente Exchange Server ambiente Exchange Server

2003: tecniche e metodi2003: tecniche e metodi

11 novembre 2005 - 10:3011 novembre 2005 - 10:30

Alessandro AppianiAlessandro AppianiMCT MCSE (2000 NT 4.0 NT 3.5)MCT MCSE (2000 NT 4.0 NT 3.5)

AgendaAgenda

Spam: come affrontare il problema in Spam: come affrontare il problema in aziendaazienda

Exchange Server 2003 Anti-SpamExchange Server 2003 Anti-Spam mail filtering e ambiti di azionemail filtering e ambiti di azione Intelligent Message Filter & Outlook Intelligent Message Filter & Outlook

integrationintegration VSAPI e integrazione con sistemi Anti-VirusVSAPI e integrazione con sistemi Anti-Virus

Per concluderePer concludere Exchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2 newsExchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2 news Message Hygiene @ MicrosoftMessage Hygiene @ Microsoft Best PracticeBest Practice

Spam worldSpam world

I messaggi indesiderati sono il problema I messaggi indesiderati sono il problema numero 1 del mondo e-mailnumero 1 del mondo e-mail Sono un rischio per security, privacy, availabilitySono un rischio per security, privacy, availability

Phisher scams, ID and information theftPhisher scams, ID and information theft Spoofing detected in 95% of phishing Spoofing detected in 95% of phishing

attacksattacks Unauthorized relayUnauthorized relay Spam rappresenta più del 60% del traffico e-mailSpam rappresenta più del 60% del traffico e-mail

Hotmail blocca più di 3 miliardi di Hotmail blocca più di 3 miliardi di messaggi al giornomessaggi al giorno

Virus, Spyware, TrojanVirus, Spyware, Trojan

Fare Spam costa poco, genera alti profitti, può Fare Spam costa poco, genera alti profitti, può essere fatto in modo anonimoessere fatto in modo anonimo è difficile bloccare alla fonte spammer e phisherè difficile bloccare alla fonte spammer e phisher

Critical Critical Legitimate Legitimate

MailMail

Less Critical Less Critical Legitimate Legitimate

MailMail

Legitimate Legitimate Commercial Commercial

MailMail

Business and Personal mailBusiness and Personal mail Easily classified at gatewayEasily classified at gateway

SubscriptionsSubscriptions ListservsListservs

Mail from company with a Mail from company with a pre-existing business relationshippre-existing business relationship

Unsolicited promotional messages, Unsolicited promotional messages, phishing, scamsphishing, scamsSpamSpam

Viruses, malware, spywareViruses, malware, spyware Easily classified at gatewayEasily classified at gateway

DestructiveDestructive

Message ClassificationMessage Classification

* External communication only, all internal communication is assumed to be legitimate

Enterprise Requirements per Enterprise Requirements per Anti-SpamAnti-Spam

Evitare i falsi positiviEvitare i falsi positivi Bloccare quanto più possibile a livello di Bloccare quanto più possibile a livello di

gatewaygateway Trasparente per gli utenti (non se ne Trasparente per gli utenti (non se ne

accorgono)accorgono) Minimizza l’impatto dello spam sulla banda e Minimizza l’impatto dello spam sulla banda e

sulle risorse di sistema (anche client)sulle risorse di sistema (anche client) AmministrazioneAmministrazione

Soluzioni completeSoluzioni complete Facili da gestireFacili da gestire Ottimizzare il compromesso tra controllo Ottimizzare il compromesso tra controllo

aziendale e scelte utente aziendale e scelte utente

Come combattere lo spamCome combattere lo spam

Cosa analizzareCosa analizzare

La struttura di un messaggioLa struttura di un messaggio Da dove proviene (Connection)Da dove proviene (Connection) Da chi arriva (Sender)Da chi arriva (Sender) A chi è destinato (Recipient)A chi è destinato (Recipient) Di cosa tratta (Content)Di cosa tratta (Content)

La struttura del messaggio viene gestita La struttura del messaggio viene gestita direttamente da singole funzionalità di direttamente da singole funzionalità di sicurezza di exchangesicurezza di exchange

analizzando il messaggio possiamo analizzando il messaggio possiamo decidere cosa farne (accept / reject)decidere cosa farne (accept / reject)

Exchange FilteringExchange Filtering Da dove proviene: Da dove proviene: Connection filtering (IP)Connection filtering (IP)

Global allow and deny listsGlobal allow and deny lists DNS Block Lists (RBL)DNS Block Lists (RBL)

Da chi arriva: Da chi arriva: Sender filteringSender filtering Filter messages sent from particular e-mail addresses or Filter messages sent from particular e-mail addresses or

domainsdomains Internal spoof detectionInternal spoof detection

A chi è destinato: A chi è destinato: Recipient filteringRecipient filtering Block messages to non-existent recipients or specific e-mail Block messages to non-existent recipients or specific e-mail

recipients recipients Restricted DLsRestricted DLs

Di cosa tratta: Di cosa tratta: Content filteringContent filtering SmartScreenSmartScreen Intelligent Message Filter (IMF)Intelligent Message Filter (IMF)

Message taxonomy mapped to Exchange FeaturesMessage taxonomy mapped to Exchange Features

Da dove proviene: Connection Da dove proviene: Connection FilteringFilteringListe globali “Allow / Deny”Liste globali “Allow / Deny”

Specifici IP o subnetSpecifici IP o subnet ““Deny” by designDeny” by design

Supporto ad abbonamento a Supporto ad abbonamento a servizi esterni “real-time block servizi esterni “real-time block list (RBL)”list (RBL)” Es: Mail from 62.190.247.12Es: Mail from 62.190.247.12

12.247.190.62.bad.bl.org12.247.190.62.bad.bl.org Supporto per diversi fornitori Supporto per diversi fornitori

RBL (3 o 4 ideale)RBL (3 o 4 ideale) NDR personalizzabile per NDR personalizzabile per

ogni fornitoreogni fornitore Possibilità di sovrascrittura Possibilità di sovrascrittura

del filtro (exception by E-del filtro (exception by E-mail address)mail address)

Connection Filtering Demo

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Da chi proviene: Sender filteringDa chi proviene: Sender filtering

Filtro di messaggi spediti da un indirizzo Filtro di messaggi spediti da un indirizzo e-mail o dominio smtpe-mail o dominio smtp

Filtro di messaggi senza mittenteFiltro di messaggi senza mittente Può eventualmente droppare la Può eventualmente droppare la

connessioneconnessione

Sender Filtering Demo

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A chi è destinato: Recipient A chi è destinato: Recipient FilteringFiltering Filtro di messaggi spediti a destinatari non Filtro di messaggi spediti a destinatari non

esistentiesistenti nessuna NDR (protocol level)nessuna NDR (protocol level) verifica in tempo reale in Active Directoryverifica in tempo reale in Active Directory

Filtro di messaggi spediti a specifici indirizziFiltro di messaggi spediti a specifici indirizzi Restricted Distribution ListRestricted Distribution List

Solo utenti autenticati possono usarle per inviare Solo utenti autenticati possono usarle per inviare mailmail

si possono differenziare DL interne e pubblichesi possono differenziare DL interne e pubbliche

In aggiunta all’Address Filtering sul client – In aggiunta all’Address Filtering sul client – Safe/Block listSafe/Block list

Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering

Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering

Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering Distribution List securityDistribution List security

Recipient Filtering Demo

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Antispam: Microsoft Exchange Antispam: Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message FilterIntelligent Message Filter Basato sulla tecnologia SmartScreenBasato sulla tecnologia SmartScreen

presente in Outlook2003presente in Outlook2003 utilizzata da Hotmail dal 24 Febbraio 2004utilizzata da Hotmail dal 24 Febbraio 2004 integrata con l’infrastruttura SCL ( Spam integrata con l’infrastruttura SCL ( Spam

Confidence Level )Confidence Level )

E’ un’estensione (gratuita) di Exchange E’ un’estensione (gratuita) di Exchange 2003 Server SP1 (è Built-in in SP2)2003 Server SP1 (è Built-in in SP2)

Coesistenza con le soluzioni di 3° partiCoesistenza con le soluzioni di 3° parti

Exchange Anti-Spam FilteringExchange Anti-Spam Filteringcaratteristichecaratteristiche

E’ un componente di Front-End (no E’ un componente di Front-End (no cluster setup)cluster setup)

AggiornabileAggiornabile Non filtra messaggi da connessioni Non filtra messaggi da connessioni

autenticate e accettateautenticate e accettate evita i falsi positivi su mail interne o trustedevita i falsi positivi su mail interne o trusted

Documentato in Exchange SDKDocumentato in Exchange SDK http://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange http://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange

Introduce nuove proprietà del messaggio Introduce nuove proprietà del messaggio (fields) per associare ad ogni messaggio (fields) per associare ad ogni messaggio informazioni specifiche sullo spaminformazioni specifiche sullo spam

Spam Confidence Level (SCL)Spam Confidence Level (SCL)

La probabilità che il messaggio sia La probabilità che il messaggio sia Unsolicited Commercial E-mail (UCE) o Unsolicited Commercial E-mail (UCE) o junk e-mailjunk e-mail

E’ un numero da 0 (no spam) a 9 (spam E’ un numero da 0 (no spam) a 9 (spam sicuro)sicuro)

E’ memorizzato nel database insieme al E’ memorizzato nel database insieme al messaggio (tag property) e con esso messaggio (tag property) e con esso persiste (routing, inbox, ...)persiste (routing, inbox, ...)

Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message FilterMessage Filter

Si amministra con Si amministra con Exchange System ManagerExchange System Manager

Basato su soglieBasato su soglie Gateway SCL thresholdGateway SCL threshold

Reject, delete, archive,Reject, delete, archive,and no actionand no action

Store SCL thresholdStore SCL threshold

Built-in performance counters Built-in performance counters MOM management pack extensionMOM management pack extension Comprehensive deployment guideComprehensive deployment guide

How it worksHow it works (Server & Client settings) (Server & Client settings)

Intelligent Message FilterIntelligent Message Filter basic configurationbasic configuration Customizing Intelligent Message Filter (deployment Customizing Intelligent Message Filter (deployment

guide – capitolo 6)guide – capitolo 6)

IMF Demo

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Outlook & OWA Client FeaturesOutlook & OWA Client Features

Web/Spam Beacon blockingBlocca contenuti HTML potenzialmente pericolosi

Outlook2003 & OWA2003 Outlook2003 & OWA2003 EnhancementsEnhancements

User specified Safe & Blocked Senders listsUser specified Safe & Blocked Senders lists Safe Senders, Safe Recipients, Blocked SendersSafe Senders, Safe Recipients, Blocked Senders Possono includere Contatti e GALPossono includere Contatti e GAL Supporta anche la modalità Safe Senders OnlySupporta anche la modalità Safe Senders Only

User Lists CONDIVISE da Outlook 2003, Exchange 2003 ed User Lists CONDIVISE da Outlook 2003, Exchange 2003 ed OWAOWA memorizzate sul server (mbx store) memorizzate sul server (mbx store) richiede Outlook 2003 per la configurazione richiede Outlook 2003 per la configurazione

Spostamenti in junk-folder determinati da:Spostamenti in junk-folder determinati da: Exchange 2003 Mailbox Store based on user lists Exchange 2003 Mailbox Store based on user lists Per message SCLPer message SCL Client Side based on Microsoft SmartScreen TechnologyClient Side based on Microsoft SmartScreen Technology

Block all external content by default (Web beacons)Block all external content by default (Web beacons)

Il client OutlookIl client OutlookPosta indesiderataPosta indesiderata

Outlook 2003 security (Smartscreen, ...)Outlook 2003 security (Smartscreen, ...) Client settings (junk-mail, ...)Client settings (junk-mail, ...)

Outlook Web Access Demo

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Come combattere i virusCome combattere i virus

Enterprise Requirements for Enterprise Requirements for AntivirusAntivirus Sono necessarie difese adeguateSono necessarie difese adeguate Trattamento differenziato di messaggi Trattamento differenziato di messaggi

inbound e outboundinbound e outbound Non solo AV scanningNon solo AV scanning

Attachment management is keyAttachment management is key Directory lookups before scanningDirectory lookups before scanning Security notificationsSecurity notifications Message purging versus cleaningMessage purging versus cleaning Metrics and reportingMetrics and reporting

Anti-Virus ProtectionAnti-Virus Protection In Exchange Server 2003 è presente una In Exchange Server 2003 è presente una

API specifica per la gestione dei Virus API specifica per la gestione dei Virus (Virus Scanning API 2.5)(Virus Scanning API 2.5)

Previene la possibilità che i virus arrivino Previene la possibilità che i virus arrivino in Outlookin Outlook Come per lo SPAM a maggior ragione per Come per lo SPAM a maggior ragione per

i virus il blocco deve essere il più i virus il blocco deve essere il più possibile lato serverpossibile lato server

Blocca allegati potenzialmente pericolosiBlocca allegati potenzialmente pericolosi Gateway scanning (non-mailbox server)Gateway scanning (non-mailbox server) Cancella messaggi infettatiCancella messaggi infettati

How to Fight VirusesHow to Fight Viruses

VSAPI 2.5 exposed at the Exchange transport VSAPI 2.5 exposed at the Exchange transport level (gateway)level (gateway) Inbound message arrives at gateway using SMTPInbound message arrives at gateway using SMTP Transport event sink hands message to VSAPI queueTransport event sink hands message to VSAPI queue VSAPI removes message from queue and passes to VSAPI removes message from queue and passes to

scannerscanner

Additional message properties are exposed to Additional message properties are exposed to the scannerthe scanner For example, sender and recipient addresses can be used For example, sender and recipient addresses can be used

in notificationsin notifications

Message deletion is possibleMessage deletion is possible Allows an antivirus solution to implement message purge Allows an antivirus solution to implement message purge

featurefeature

Exchange Server 2003 Antivirus Exchange Server 2003 Antivirus FeaturesFeatures VSAPI 2.5VSAPI 2.5

Backward compatible with VSAPI 2.0Backward compatible with VSAPI 2.0 Optional infected message deletionOptional infected message deletion Additional message propertiesAdditional message properties

Sender e-mail addressSender e-mail address Recipient addresses (To: and Cc:)Recipient addresses (To: and Cc:)

Additional MAPI error codesAdditional MAPI error codes Virus presentVirus present Virus present, message deletedVirus present, message deleted

Exchange Server 2003 Exchange Server 2003 Service Pack 2Service Pack 2

newsnews

Exchange Server 2003 SP2 Anti-Exchange Server 2003 SP2 Anti-Spam FeaturesSpam Features Updated SmartScreen TechnologyUpdated SmartScreen Technology Anti Phishing TechnologyAnti Phishing Technology Sender ID Framework (SIDF) SupportSender ID Framework (SIDF) Support

Updated SmartScreen Updated SmartScreen TechnologyTechnology Integrated Intelligent Message FilterIntegrated Intelligent Message Filter

Latest Filter UpdatesLatest Filter Updates User Interface updates to Exchange System User Interface updates to Exchange System

Manager – Junk E-Mail FilteringManager – Junk E-Mail Filtering Added Anti Phishing TechnologyAdded Anti Phishing Technology

Anti Phishing TechnologyAnti Phishing Technology

Integrated into SmartScreen Integrated into SmartScreen TechnologyTechnology Transparent to administrators and end-Transparent to administrators and end-

users users Phishing Confidence Level (PCL)Phishing Confidence Level (PCL)

Weighted 1-8 (higher = more likely bad)Weighted 1-8 (higher = more likely bad)

Sender ID Framework (SIDF)Sender ID Framework (SIDF) Industry standard created to counter Industry standard created to counter

domain spoofingdomain spoofing SIDF has been reviewed and submitted to the SIDF has been reviewed and submitted to the

Internet Engineering Task Force for final Internet Engineering Task Force for final reviewreview

Combines Sender Policy Framework and Combines Sender Policy Framework and Microsoft Caller ID for EmailMicrosoft Caller ID for Email

Email domain authentication framework Email domain authentication framework that uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF) that uses Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records in DNS as an authentication records in DNS as an authentication mechanismmechanism

Message Hygiene @ Message Hygiene @ MicrosoftMicrosoft

Anti-SpamAnti-SpamAntivirus and Antivirus and AttachmentsAttachments Mailbox Mailbox

serversserversClientsClients

Message Hygiene at MicrosoftMessage Hygiene at Microsoft

Gateway ServerGateway ServerTransportTransport

SCL=GatewaySCL=GatewayThreshold?Threshold?

Exchange IMFExchange IMF

Sender/RecipientSender/RecipientFilteringFiltering

Filter ActionFilter Action

Connection FilteringConnection FilteringRBLsRBLs

NoNo

YesYes

Gateway ServerGateway ServerTransportTransport

Attachment StrippingAttachment Stripping

Virus ScanningVirus Scanning

SCLSCL

Mailbox ServerMailbox ServerStoreStore

SCL StoreSCL StoreThresholdThreshold

User Safe/User Safe/BlockedBlockedSendersSenders

Spam?Spam?

JunkmailJunkmail InboxInbox

YesYes NoNoSCLSCL

Outlook 2003 &Outlook 2003 &Outlook Web Outlook Web

AccessAccess

Desktop Anti-VirusDesktop Anti-Virus

Attachment blockingAttachment blocking

User Safe/BlockedUser Safe/BlockedSendersSenders

Spam?Spam?

JunkmailJunkmailInboxInbox

InternetInternet

Message Hygiene at MicrosoftMessage Hygiene at Microsoft

Outlook 2003 andOutlook 2003 andOutlook Web AccessOutlook Web Accessjunk e-mailjunk e-mail

Connection Connection filteringfiltering

Sender and Sender and recipient filteringrecipient filtering

Intelligent Intelligent Message Message FilterFilter

Blocks of all Blocks of all incoming SMTP incoming SMTP

connections connections

Blocks of Blocks of remaining messagesremaining messages

Blocks of Blocks of remaining messagesremaining messages

Blocks of remaining Blocks of remaining messagesmessages

Best PracticeBest Practice

Best Practice - 1Best Practice - 1

Connection FilteringConnection Filtering Abilitare Accept/Deny IP al gateway (e se Abilitare Accept/Deny IP al gateway (e se

possibile anche RBL)possibile anche RBL) le liste IP restrictions possono essere le liste IP restrictions possono essere

modificate da codice (modificate da codice (KBKB 810913) 810913) Recipient FilteringRecipient Filtering

Recipient Lookup al GatewayRecipient Lookup al Gateway Abilitare ricerca in ADAbilitare ricerca in AD

Restricted DLRestricted DL solo quando tutti i membri sono internisolo quando tutti i membri sono interni attenzione all’uso da parte di applicazioni attenzione all’uso da parte di applicazioni

(autenticazione o no)(autenticazione o no)

Best Practice – 2 (IMF)Best Practice – 2 (IMF) In realtà Multi-ForestIn realtà Multi-Forest

abilitare l’autenticazione (cross-forest) sui abilitare l’autenticazione (cross-forest) sui connettori SMTPconnettori SMTP

in questo modo vengono mantenute le info in questo modo vengono mantenute le info su SCL Tagging & c.su SCL Tagging & c.

non abilitabile su Exchange 2003 Cluster non abilitabile su Exchange 2003 Cluster (è un tipico servizio di Front-End)(è un tipico servizio di Front-End)

iniziare “laschi” per evitare falsi positiviiniziare “laschi” per evitare falsi positivi Configurare Outlook 2003 Trusted Configurare Outlook 2003 Trusted

Senders (& Junk setting) via CIWSenders (& Junk setting) via CIW

Best Practice – 3 (IMF)Best Practice – 3 (IMF)

Reject vs ArchiveReject vs Archive controllare la cartellacontrollare la cartella location modificabile (registry)location modificabile (registry) può contenere anche SCL (registry)può contenere anche SCL (registry)

controllabile con Performance Monitorcontrollabile con Performance Monitor Total Messages Scanned for UCETotal Messages Scanned for UCE Messages Scanned for UCE/secMessages Scanned for UCE/sec % UCE out of Total Messages Scanned% UCE out of Total Messages Scanned Total Messages Assigned an SCL Rating of Total Messages Assigned an SCL Rating of XX ........

Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message Microsoft Exchange Intelligent Message Filter Deployment GuideFilter Deployment Guide

IMF Archive ManagerIMF Archive Manager

IMF Archive Manager Demo

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Riferimenti e risorseRiferimenti e risorse

IMF Archive Manager (C# tool released with IMF Archive Manager (C# tool released with source on GotDotNet)source on GotDotNet)http://workspaces.gotdotnet.com/imfarchivehttp://workspaces.gotdotnet.com/imfarchive

Microsoft Safety Microsoft Safety Technology and Strategywww.microsoft.com/mscorp/safety/default.mspx

Security Resources Security Resources http://www.microsoft.com/technet/securityhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/security

Sender ID:http://www.microsoft.com/senderid

Riferimenti e risorse (Exchange)Riferimenti e risorse (Exchange)Exchange HomeExchange Homehttp://www.microsoft.com/exchangehttp://www.microsoft.com/exchange

Exchange Italy HomeExchange Italy Homehttp://www.microsoft.com/italy/exchangehttp://www.microsoft.com/italy/exchange

Exchange Server TechCenterExchange Server TechCenterhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/default.mspx

Exchange Server 2003 Technical Documentation LibraryExchange Server 2003 Technical Documentation Libraryhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/2003/library/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/prodtechnol/exchange/2003/library/default.mspx

Exchange Developer Documentation on MSDNExchange Developer Documentation on MSDNhttp://msdn.microsoft.com/exchangehttp://msdn.microsoft.com/exchange

Exchange Server 2003 Errors and Events Web SiteExchange Server 2003 Errors and Events Web Sitehttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/support/ee/search.aspx?LCID=1033&DisplayNahttp://www.microsoft.com/technet/support/ee/search.aspx?LCID=1033&DisplayName=Exchange%20Server%202003&ProdName=Microsoft%20Exchange&MajorMinome=Exchange%20Server%202003&ProdName=Microsoft%20Exchange&MajorMinor=6.5r=6.5

Exchange Support CenterExchange Support Centerhttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=fh;EN-US;exchangehttp://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=fh;EN-US;exchange

Exchange DownloadsExchange Downloadshttp://www.microsoft.com/exchange/downloads/http://www.microsoft.com/exchange/downloads/

Exchange Server Community CenterExchange Server Community Centerhttp://www.microsoft.com/Exchange/community/default.mspxhttp://www.microsoft.com/Exchange/community/default.mspx

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© 2004 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.This presentation is for informational purposes only. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, in this summary.