VALUTAZIONE DELL’USABILITÀ BASATA SU EYE TRACKING:ANALISI DEL SITO WEB DEL

COMUNE DI MILANO

Relatore:Chiar.mo Prof. Marco PortaCorrelatrice:Chiar.ma Prof. Lidia Falomo

Tesi di Laurea di:Salvatore Tinebra

a.a. 2012-13

UNIVERSITA’ DEGLI STUDI DI PAVIADIPARTIMENTI DI SCIENZE POLITICHE E SOCIALI, STUDI UMANISTICI,

INGEGNERIA INDUSTRIALE E DELL’INFORMAZIONE,SCIENZE ECONOMICHE E AZIENDALI

CORSO DI LAUREA INTERDIPARTIMENTALE IN

COMUNICAZIONE, INNOVAZIONE, MULTIMEDIALITA'

ISO 9241, Part 11: “Extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of

use”

USABILITY

effectiveness

• Goals achievement

• Actions

efficience

• Errors• Time• Mental load

satisfaction

• Qualitative• Quantitative

“Usability is a quality attribute that assesses how easy user interfaces are to use”

JAKOB NIELSEN

Learnability

Efficiency MemorabilityErrors

Satisfaction

USER CENTERED DESIGN

“User Centered Design (UCD) is an approach to design that grounds the process in information about the

people who will use the product” - Usability Professionals Association

Iterative process

Why• Improved user

productivity• Decreased

development cost• Better costumers

loyalty• Reduced costumer

service cost

How• Interviews• Card sorting• Usability testing• Focus groups• Questionnaires

USER CENTERED DESIGN

Usability testing refers to evaluating a product or service by testing it with representative users 

USABILITY TESTING

Benefits

Evaluate participants’

skills

Reduced costumer

service costEvaluate time to complete tasks

Find out usability problems

Evaluate participants’ satisfaction

the measurement of eye activity

EYE TRACKING

gaze eye motion / head position

Where do we look?

What do we ignore?

How do pupils react?

EYE TRACKER

Eye Tracker based on Video – oculography (VOG)

• Non-intrusive

• Camera

• Infra-red illuminators

CALIBRATION

Static Dynamic

DATA INTERPRETATION

HEAT MAP

Hot Area

Cold Area

Lukewarm Area

GAZE PLOT

DATA INTERPRETATION

Fixation

Saccade

"there is no appreciable lag between what is fixated and what is processed“ - Just and Carpenter

EYE – MIND HYPOTHESIS

Gaze Cognitive Process

CASE STUDY: CHOICE OF THE WEBSITE

www.comune.milano.i t

Screenshots available in 20/10/13

Website of the Municipality of Milan

Usability Evaluation

TEST GOALS

Heuristic evaluation

Eye Tracking

test

HEURISTIC EVALUATION

Evaluator replaces User’s profile

System analysis

Usability problems

Jakob Nielsen’s 10 Usability Heuristics for Iterface Design

•6 users•20 – 26 years old•Italian native speakers

Participants

• Qualitative:• User’s behavior• Surrendered users

Data

EYE TRACKING TEST

Realistic Tasks

TASK

To look for areas with

parking rate payment in

Milan To look for the

exhibition areas of museums

and exhibits in Milan

Tobii 1750 and Tobii

Studio

Webcam Internet Explorer

TOOLS

Preliminary phase

• Test explanation• Thinking aloud• Revealing task

calibration

• How to make a correct calibration

Taskexecution

• Without observator’s help

TEST EXECUTION

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS (1)

Pop - Up

ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS (2)

Home page

• Images

• Banners

• Long scrolling

• Research bar

ANALYSIS OF RESULTS (3)

Information architecture (1)

ANALISYS OF RESULTS (4)

Information architecture

(2)

Designing a Public Authority’s Website is difficult

CONCLUSIONS

Complex contents and

servicesComplex

Management

CONCLUSIONS

Pop - Up

To avoid

Too invasive

Research bar

Graphical ly recognizable

Optimal posit ion

Banners

Banner bl indness

Display advertis ing or minor information

Information

Optimal organization

Anchors

Card sort ingBest results

Short scrol l ing

THANK YOU FOR YOUR

ATTENTION