sigradi2012XVI CONGRESSO DA SOCIEDADE IBEROAMERICANA DE GRÁFICA DIGITAL

FORTALEZA.BR

forma formação

13 | 14 | 15 | 16 DE NOVEMBRO

XVI Congresso da Sociedade Iberoamericana de Gráfica Digital

Sigradi Fortaleza. Br., 2012. Coordenação de Aléxia Carvallho Brasil; Organização de Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso [et. al.] - Fortaleza Expressão Gráfica e Editora, 2012. 688 p.:il. ISBN: 978-85-420-0074-0 (realizado nos dias 13, 14 15 e 16 de novembro de 2012). 1. Fabricação digital 2.Imagem-movimento 3.Técnicas digitais I. Brasil, Aléxia Carvalho II. Cardoso, Daniel Ribeiro III. Título

CDD: 6221.367

sigradi2012XVI CONFERENCE OF IBEROAMERICAN SOCIETY OF DIGITAL GRAPHICS

FORTALEZA.BR

NOVEMBER 13 | 14 | 15 | 16

DIRETORES DE TEMA

Carlos Eduardo Verzola Vaz, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Brasil

Charles C. Vincent, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Brasil

Clarissa Sampaio Freitas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

David Moreno Sperling, Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil

Luis Renato Bezerra Pequeno, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Regiane Trevisan Pupo, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brasil

Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil

COMITÊ ESTUDANTIL

Beker Fortes de Sousa, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Bruno Raviolo, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Ianna Brandão, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Levi Holanda, Curso de Design, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Lorrine Sampaio, Curso de Design, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Lucas Cabral, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Marina Pires, Curso de Design, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Pedro Lucca Cândido, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Thâmia Portela, Curso de Design, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Victor Rocha Isaias, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

CEI | COMITÊ EXECUTIVO INTERNACIONAL

DIRETORIA EXECUTIVA

María Elena Tosello, Presidente da SIGraDi, Argentina

Diana Rodriguez Barros, Vicepresidente administrativa, Argentina

Eduardo Sampaio Nardelli, Vicepresidente de Relações Internacionais, Brasil

Gabriela Ilusion Bustos Lopez, Tesoureira, Venezuela

Pedro Soza, Secretário Geral, Chile

COORDENADORES

Gabriela Celani, Coordenadora do Comitê Editorial IJAC, Brasil

Mauro Chiarella, Coordenador de Projeto Editorial, Argentina

Pablo C. Herrera Polo, Coordenador de Workshops, Peru

Carmen Aroztegui Massera, Coordenadora de Comunicações, Uruguai

Marcelo Paysse Alvarez, Coordenador de Gestão, Uruguai

MEMBROS SUPLENTES

Maria Estela Sanchez Cavazos, Membro Suplente, Águas Calientes, México

Diego Carlos Pimentel, Membro Suplente, Buenos Aires, Argentina

CA | COMITÊ ACESSOR

Patricia Hernandez, Comitê Acessor, Argentina

Jose Ripper Kós, Comitê Acessor, Brasil

Rodrigo Garcia Alvarado, Comitê Acessor, Chile

COORDENAÇÃO GERAL SIGRADI2012

Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

COL | COMITÊ ORGANIZADOR LOCAL

Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Cristiana Parente, Curso de Cinema e Audiovisual, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Gabriela Celani, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil

Aléxia Carvalho Brasil, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Clarissa Sampaio Freitas, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Luís Renato Bezerra Pequeno, Departamento de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Hector Rocha Isaias, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Natasha Catunda, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Raquel Magalhães Leite, Curso de Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Federal do Ceará

Daniel Lenz Costa Lima, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo, Universidade Estadual de Campinas

Fred Araújo Freitas, Curso de Ciência da Computação, Universidade Estadual do Ceará, Brasil

COMITÊ EDITORIAL

María Elena Tosello, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Argentina

Gabriela Celani, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Brasil

Clarissa Sampaio Freitas, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Brasil

Estimada comunidad de SIGraDi:

Es un placer para mi presentar el XVI Congreso de la Sociedad Iberoamericana de Gráfica Digital Forma (In) Formação. Una vez más, y gracias al generoso y creativo desempeño del Comité Organizador Local de la Universidad Federal de Ceará, Brasil, y de las demás universidades que se sumaron al desarrollo del evento, tenemos la oportunidad de reunirnos para compartir conocimientos y disfrutar del encuentro entre colegas y amigos. La organización de un congreso siempre es un desafío, por eso agradezco a todos los que trabajaron para que este año sea posible. ¡Gracias Fortaleza!

Resulta oportuno este espacio para comentar las actividades que el Comité Ejecutivo Internacional CEI ha desarrollado durante este año. Se realizaron cuatro reuniones bimestrales (vía skype) donde se analizaron diversos temas: el complemento de la estructura institucional a través de las comisiones de trabajo, el mejoramiento de los medios y las estrategias de comunicación, el posicionamiento y afianzamiento de la marca SIGraDi en ámbitos no académicos, la definición de estrategias presupuestarias, el fortalecimiento del sistema de revisión, el desarrollo de normas e instructivos para la organización de los congresos, la vinculación interinstitucional con organizaciones como CLEFA y ARQUISUR, el avance de la organización del congreso 2013 y el apoyo a la gestión del COL 2012.

Las comisiones se abocaron a la renovación del sitio web y envío mensual del Newsletter, la edición del Volumen 10 Número 2 de IJAC “Augmented Culture”, la propuesta de un manual de procedimientos para Workshops, la propuesta para afianzar la marca SIGraDi y las estrategias para incrementar el presupuesto. Además se patrocinó el 1° Congreso Nacional de Arquitectura Digital CONAD 2012, que tuvo lugar en Lima, Perú, y la Producción Colaborativa de Arte Visual Forma (In) Formação que se expondrá en este congreso y en breve se participará del próximo encuentro ARQUISUR. Agradezco a los miembros del CEI su compromiso y entusiasmo en el trabajo, e invito a todos los miembros de nuestra comunidad a sumarse y participar de las comisiones el año próximo, poniéndose en contacto con sus coordinadores.

Para finalizar, sólo quisiera reflexionar sobre la importancia de fortalecer y estimular los vínculos entre las personas e instituciones académicas involucradas con SIGraDi, en estos tiempos de incertidumbre social, política y económica es saludable y esperanzador contar con ámbitos como este, con un clima de armonía y respeto, y un grupo humano que comparte el ideal de mejorar la educación a través de la creatividad, la colaboración y la unidad latinoamericana.

¡Bienvenidos a Fortaleza!

María Elena ToselloPresidente de SIGraDi

Adriana GraneroAdriane BordaAffonso OrciuoliAlberto T. EstévezAlejandra EstradaAlejandro Ariel MoreiraAlexandra PaioAlexandre Braz de MacêdoAlexis Caridad Méndez GonzálezAlfredo StipechAna Cristina Rodrigues SilvaAna Paula AraujoAnat GevaAndré Luís de AraújoAndrea Maria De MonteAngela Becker MacielAnja PratschkeAntonieta H. AnguloAristóteles Lobo de Magalhães CordeiroArivaldo Leão de AmorimAwilda RodriguezBob MartensCamila Echeverria MartinezCarlos Alberto MuradCarlos Alfonso HuanambalCarlos Eduardo Verzola VazCarmen Aroztegui MasseraCarolina Fialho SilvaCarolina Reichert AndresCelso Pereira GuimarãesCettina SantagatiClarissa RibeiroClarissa Sampaio FreitasClaudia da Conceição GarciaClaudia Hedwig Czerkauer-YamuClaudia RuizClécio Magalhães ValeCristina Caramelo GomesDaniel Ribeiro CardosoDaniela Kutschat HannsDanny Alfredo Lobos CalquinDavid Moreno SperlingDébora Kling Petry BattastiniDenise Mônaco dos SantosDiana Rodriguez BarrosDiego Alejandro VelandiaDiego Carlos PimentelDouglas Lopes de SouzaEduardo CardosoEduardo J. A. Hamuy PintoElisabetta RomanoElza Luli MiyasakaEmanuel Dimas de Melo PimentaEmmanuel Ruffo Calderon DominguezErcument GorgulÉrica de Sousa CheccucciEvangelos Dimitrios ChristakouEverardo Reyes Garcia

Felecia DavisFélix Silva JrFernando Duro Da SilvaFernando García AmenFernando IgansiFernando José de Medeiros CostaFlavia Biccas da Silva PoloniniFrancisco Javier Valdes CastilloFrederico Braida Rodrigues de PaulaGabriel Fontanet NadalGabriel Girnos Elias de SouzaGabriela CelaniGabriela Ilusion Bustos LopezGilberto Corso PereiraGilfranco Medeiros AlvesGisele Lopes de CarvalhoGlaucia DavinoGloria Font BasteGreice Antolini SilveiraHakan AnayHeloisa Domingues NevesHenrique Telles NetoInês CasanovasIngrid Maria PohlIsabel Amalia Medero RochaJanice de Freitas PiresJarryer Andrade De MartinoJean-Pierre GouletteJorge de Rezende DantasJose Ripper KósJosé Roberto MerlinJuan Carlos Lobato ValdespinoJuan Pablo PortilloJulio BermudezKlaus Chaves AlbertoLeonardo Parra-AgudeloLuciana Abitante SwarwoskyLuis Antonio Hernandez IbáñezLuis Gustavo Gonçalves CostaMarcelo BernalMarcelo de MoraisMarcelo Eduardo GiacagliaMarcelo Gonçalves RibeiroMarcelo Paysse AlvarezMarco HemmerlingMaria Angela DiasMaria Elena ToselloMaría GriónMaria Luiza FragosoMariana M. X. LimaMark ClaytonMarly de Menezes GonçalvesMartín Gonzalo GómezMateus Moreira PontesMauricio Loyola VergaraMauricio Rivera HenaoMauro ChiarellaMiguel Antonio Roco Ibaceta

Miriam Clemencia BessoneMonica Ines Fernandez ColomboMonica Pujol RomeroMonica TavaresMurat Seyda GermenNatalia Sofia WortmanNatalie Johanna GroetelaarsNeander Furtado SilvaNeliza Maria e Silva RomcyOctavio Arturo Vázquez SantanderOliver NeumannPablo C. Herrera PoloPablo Salvador Banda PérezPatricia Laura MuñozPaula Gomez-ZamoraPedro Faria LopesPedro SozaPedro VelosoPolise Moreira De MarchiPriscilla Thais MarquetoRafael VillazónRavi PassosRavi SrinivasanRegiane Trevisan PupoRegina Andrade TirelloRegina C. RuschelRenata La RoccaRenata Vellozo GomesRicardo Hernan MedranoRicardo Sotaquira GutierrezRizal MusliminRoberto Machado CorrêaRodrigo A. Martin IglesiasRodrigo Cury ParaizoRodrigo Garcia AlvaradoRodrigo Peronti SantiagoRosirene MayerSandra Catharinne PantaleãoSandra MarquesSara EloySilvia Patricia HernándezSimone GaragnaniSinval Cantarelli XavierSolange LederSotirios KotsopoulosSubhajit DasSuely FragosoSylvain KubickiTaro NaraharaTomás DortaUnderléa Miotto BruscatoVerónica Paola Rossado EspinozaVictor BunsterViviana Barneche NayaWagner RezendeWilson FlorioWolfgang DokonalXico Costa

CCI | COMITÊ CIENTÍFICO INTERNACIONAL 2012

WORKSHOPSSIGRADI_Lab CONGRESSO01OUT 07NOV 13NOV 16NOV

DE ONDE VIERAM OS RESUMOS PARA O SIGRADI2012

QUANTIDADE DE ARTIGOS POR TEMACONGRESSOS ANTERIORES DA SIGRADI

WORKSHOPSSIGRADI_Lab CONGRESSO01OUT 07NOV 13NOV 16NOV

Aeroporto Internacional

Rodoviária de Fortaleza

UFC | Universidade Federal do Ceará

UNIFOR | Universidade de Fortaleza

FIC | Faculdade Estácio FIC

FA7 | Faculdade 7 de Setembro

IFCE | Unidade Fortaleza7

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ESPACIALIZAÇÃO DO EVENTO

forma formação

A idealização da Cidade Cibernética de Kisho Kurokawa | Elza Luli Miyasaka, Anja Pratschke

A Poe(Gene)tic Algorithm Method to Compute Gradient Spatiality | Tugçe Darcan, Ethem Gürer

Ausência visível: uma quase presença | Mara Martins

Autómatas Reciclados. Una experiencia de arte generativo low-cost dentro de la currícula de grado | Diego Pimentel, Mariano Cataldi, Gonzalo Muñiz, Agustin Castiarena, Noelia Castillo, Lautaro Castillo Retamales, Laura Facelli, Evangelina Lepore

Cultmapas urbanos | Carolina Reichert Andres, Reinilda de Fátima Berguenmayer Minuzzi

Ética en la Complejidad del Diseño Arquitectónico con Tecnología Digital (TD): redes multidimensionales colaborativas | Gabriela I. Bustos Lopez

La experiencia de habitar en Espacios Virtuales Interactivos | María Elena Tosello

Perspectiva Rizomática en la Complejidad Digital de la Arquitectura | Dayana T. Pirela Rivas

Produção colaborativa Forma (in)Formação | Luciana Abitante Swarowsky, Lucas Figueiredo Baisch, Maria Elena Tosello, Luis Gustavo Gonçalves Costa, Cecilia Verónica Zorzon

Programa e estratégia projetual | Isabel Amalia Medero Rocha

Projeções imagéticas: apontamentos poéticos | Marianna Stumpp, Reinilda de Fátima Berguenmayer Minuzzi

Regimes de permeabilidade entre o humano e os meios digitais e a tensão entre o digital e o analógico em processos de criação em Arquitetura | Sandro Canavezzi de Abreu

Reutilizando códigos como mecanismo de información y conocimiento: Programación en arquitectura | Pablo C. Herrera Polo

The Ornaments of Shoowa Kuba: A digital re-interpretation of a textile art | Sabri Gokmen

Towards which expressive horizons? | Giuseppe Pellitteri, Alessia Riccobono

Ambiente inteligente, la acción e interacción del usuario con los sistemas de control en búsqueda del confort | Silvia Patricia Hernández, Maureen Trebilcok K.

Collaborative design for existing architecture: the Building Information Modeling as a frontier for coordinated process | Simone Garagnani, Roberto Mingucci, Stefano Cinti Luciani

Entornos Colaborativos y Redes Sociales | Mónica Fernández Colombo, Liliana Bonvecchi

Las redes sociales como apoyo a la realización del proyecto arquitectónico en el ámbito universitario | Verónica Paola Rossado Espinoza

Maquetas digitales. Herramienta para la conservación del patrimonio cultural | Carolina Rainero, Adolfo del Rio

ÍNDICE | INDEX

POÉTICAS DA CRIAÇÃO

POETICS OF DESIGN

AMBIENTE COLABORATIVO DE PROJETO

COLLABORATIVE ENVIRONMENT AS A SUPPORT FOR DESIGN

21

24

29

34

38

43

47

52

56

60

65

69

74

79

84

91

96

101

104

109

Plataforma CIPP: desenho de um Sistema de Produção e Informação Inteligente para a área do Complexo Industrial e Portuário do Pecém | Hector Rocha Isaias, Daniel Ribeiro Cardoso, Daniel Lenz Costa Lima, Natasha Catunda, Raquel Leite

Simulación Urbana: Modelados colaborativos y manipulación digital de la información | Adriana Edith Granero, Mabel Clara Brignone

A cidade como interface em jogos urbanos | Rodrigo Cury Paraizo, Marina Lima Medeiros, Cecilia Baptista Rodrigues, Leandro Martins de Sá

A “experiência” como design: uma análise de sites como plataformas experienciais | Mirela Cristina Lacerda Soares Petrarolha Kühl Silva, David Moreno Sperling

A forma da informação de interesse educacional frente ao conceito de objetos de aprendizagem | Lisiane Corrêa Gomes Silveira, Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva, Janice de Freitas Pires

“A parede no digital é mais lisa!” Hibridismos urbanos e grafitti digital | Denise Mônaco dos Santos, Marcelo Tramontano

Computer Vision aplicado a la evaluación de prototipos físicos | Luciano Fernández, Denis Lecaros

Design da Informação e SIG para analisar o comportamento do mercado imobiliário em Fortaleza diante do instrumento das Zonas Especiais de Interesse Social (ZEIS) | Lara Sucupira, Naggila Frota, Clarissa Freitas, Renan Marinho, Fernanda Cavalcante

Diseño de estrategias para el consumo responsable de aparatos electrónicos | Bárbara Ibarra, Clara Jové

GeoMetrópoles - Uma Interface Intuitiva para Acesso a Dados Geográficos | Arthur Felipe Molina Moreira

Gramática da Forma: suporte de análise em tecnologias digitais aplicadas a preservação do patrimônio cultural edificado | Ludmila Guimarães de Oliveira, Bruna Azevedo Reis Teixeira

Hibridismos na cidade: considerações sobre interfaces tangíveis urbanas | Denise Mônaco dos Santos, Marcelo Tramontano

Información interconectada, curación colectiva y experiencias de usuario: El caso de la red social Pinterest | Diana Rodríguez Barros, María Mandagarán

Itinerário Virtual Cultural Iberê Camargo: por uma experiência contemporânea de museu | Nilza Cristina Taborda de Jesus Colombo, Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Lucas Graeff

Mecanismos atencionais como parâmetros para o design de sistemas de informação ambiente | Mauro Pinheiro, Rejane Spitz

Processo metodológico para construção do Guia de Turismo Ubíquo para a Rota Cultural Caminhos de Pedra/RS | Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Cristiano Costa, Sandro Rigo, Humberto Moura

Ruptura de un espacio de latencia por medio de un dispositivo responsivo, Metro estación Viña del Mar Chile | Jose Narea

The analyze of the use of software programming in the design process of a information visualization weather data poster | Luis Carli, Carlos Zibel Costa

DESIGN DE INFORMAÇÃO E INTERFACES

INFORMATION DESIGN AND INTERFACE

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144

149

154

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Um levantamento de requisitos gerais para o desenvolvimento e posicionamento de DOOTERS – um aplicativo lúdico de listas de tarefas para iPhone | Gustavo Angeluzzi, Daniela Kutschat Hanns

Ventajas y desventajas de pizarra interactiva de bajo costo en comparación a otros dispositivos de interfaz humana, enfocado al sketching y planificación de diseño | Felipe Jerez, Paloma Narbona, Nicolás Valenzuela

Visualização de Informação e Retórica Visual no Jornalismo Digital | Moisés Ribeiro da Silva, Rejane Spitz

Web-based Information System for Virtual Museum of Underwater Cultural Heritage in Turkey | Guzden Varinlioglu, Bulent Ozguc

Alberti Digital – Tradição e inovação na teoria e prática da arquitectura em Portugal | Filipe Coutinho, Eduardo Castro e Costa, José P. Duarte, Mário Kruger

A modelagem paramétrica e o ensino de geometria descritiva – as superfícies de Felix Candela | Carlos Eduardo Verzola Vaz, Natalia Pereira

Aprendizagem (compreensiva) da forma na formação/representação em arquitetura | Janice de Freitas Pires, Luísa dalla Vecchia, Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva

Aproximação ao conceito de fractal através da experimentação: uma abordagem didática | Ivana Patrícia Iahnke Steim, Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva, Janice de Freitas Pires

BIM e o ensino: possibilidades na instrumentação e no projeto | Alexandre Monteiro de Menezes, Mateus Moreira Pontes

CAD e BIM: Transições e reflexos no ateliê de projeto | Ricardo Alexandre Paiva, Raquel Magalhães Leite, Mariana Quezado Costa Lima

Construcción del aprendizaje con evidencia digital: ePortfolio en el taller de arquitectura | Miguel Roco

Conversaciones asíncronas en un Taller de Diseño: piloto del estudio de la relación entre presencia docente y presencia cognitiva en la construcción de conocimiento proyectual | Eduardo Hamuy Pinto, Lorna Lares L., Rosa María Mayordomo Saiz

Cybernetic models in building fabrication | Stefan Kaufmann, Frank Petzold

Diretrizes de acessibilidade aplicadas ao ensino de design de exposição | Eduardo Cardoso, Tânia Luísa Koltermann da Silva

Diseño, Enseñanza y Prácticas Disruptivas. Marcos conceptuales de referencia | Diana Rodríguez Barros

EduCAAD | Luiza Dacier Lobato Soares

Geometria Descritiva e Ambiente CAD - Reposicionamento e Contextualização de Seu Escopo e Ensino | Raphael Marconi

Incertidumbres y certezas en la enseñanza del pensamiento proyectual | Miriam Bessone, Susana Garramuño de Galuzzi

Integración y Colaboración Tecnológica en Arquitectura | Alejandro Moreira

M+P: Integração de Modelagem e Prototipagem no Ensino de Arquitetura | Carlos Alejandro Nome, Hélio Takashi Maciel de Farias

DIDÁTICA E CURRICULUM

TEACHING STRATEGIES AND CURRICULUM

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196

200

204

211

216

219

223

226

229

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238

243

246

251

255

259

263

268

272

O Desenho (didático) para o Insight | Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva, Janice de Freitas Pires, Tássia Borges de Vasconselos

O produto como ideia e não como objeto – a metodologia do design | Marly de Menezes Gonçalves

Perspectivas en los Laboratorios de Fabricación Digital en Latinoamérica | Pablo C. Herrera, Benito Juárez

Prática docente e experiências no atelier de desenho e projeto | Zilsa Maria Pinto Santiago

Procesos, Metodología y Prácticas en Urbanismo: flujo continuo de datos e información en sectores urbanos de la ciudad | Jane Espina

Propuesta metodológica para el diseño de unidades de aprendizaje en el campo del proyecto | Patricia Pieragostini, Mónica Osella

Reevaluación del concepto de constructividad en los edificios de geometrías complejas: su impacto en la formación tecnológica de los arquitectos | Natalia Camelio Zamorano, Mauricio Loyola Vergara

Relaciones in-formadas entre la investigación y la enseñanza de morfología | Patricia Muñoz

Relações Críticas no Ensino de Sistemas CAD | Douglas Lopes de Souza

Sense Viz | Ingrid Maria Pohl

Sistematização e disponibilização da produção de modelos tridimensionais digitais de patrimônio arquitetônico | Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva, Janice de Freitas Pires, Hector Medina Gomes, Andrew Escobar, Neusa Rodrigues Félix

3D Printed Textiles from Textile Code: Structural Form and Material Operations | Felecia Davis

Agent-Based Social Pedestrian Simulation for the Validation of Urban Planning Recommendations | Gideon Aschwanden

Alberti Digital – Estudo da Influência do Tratado Albertiano na Arquitetura Colonial Brasileira | Giovana de Godoi, Gabriela Celani

Arquitetura paramétrica em habitação de interesse social: uma análise da produção científica no Brasil e no exterior | Mayra Soares de Mesquita Mororó, Waldemar Felipe A. B. Lima, Tania de Freitas Vasconcelos

As contribuições da prototipagem virtual aplicadas ao ato de projetar arquitetura: uma análise sobre a produção de Foster and partners | Fernando Tadeu de Araújo Lima, Vinicius Rocha Rodrigues Morais

Avaliação Comparativa de Aplicativos de Análise Estrutural Vinculados ao Ambiente de Modelagem Paramétrica: estudo de caso utilizando o plug-in Scan-and-Solve para Rhinoceros | Guilherme S. Carvalho, André L. Araújo, Wilson Barbosa, Pedro Y. Noritomi, Marcelo F. Oliveira, Gabriela Celani

Biomimética e processo da Fabricação Digital: aplicações na produção da Arquitetura | Jair Antonio de Oliveira Junior

MODELAGEM DA INFORMAÇÃO E SIMULAÇÃO

INFORMATION MODELING AND SIMULATION

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281

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Customização de aplicativo BIM, segundo princípios da Coordenação Modular | Neliza Romcy, Daniel Cardoso, Alexandre Bertini, André Paes

Dense Stereo Matching (DSM): conceitos, processos e ferramentas para criação de nuvens de pontos por fotografias | Natalie Johanna Groetelaars, Arivaldo Leão de Amorim

Desenvolvimento de Aplicativo para Visualização de Patrimônio Histórico-Arquitetônico em Realidade Aumentada | Felipe Rodrigues Perrone, Hector Medina Gomes, Felipe Etchegaray Heidrich, Adriane Borda de Almeida da Silva

Designing an Interactive Architectural Element for a Responsive House | Sotirios D Kotsopoulos, Carla Farina, Federico Casalegno

Ejercicio de arte fotográfico. Reconstrucción de una vivencia espacial a través de una percepción inmersiva de la imagen (Fotografía) - escena (Arquitectura) | Nicolás Sáez Gutiérrez

Estrutura e caracterização dos modelos de projeto Performativo a partir da prática arquitetônica recente | Max Lira Veras Xavier de Andrade, Regina Coeli Ruschel

Fab Lab Kids: Oficina de projetos socioambientais para crianças de escolas públicas fazendo uso da eletrônica e da fabricação digital | Alex Angelo, Heloisa Maria Domingues Neves, Paulo Eduardo Fonseca de Campos

Fachada Cinética: aplicando aritmética modular para controlar padrões de movimento | José Luis Menegotto

Form Active Translations: Knitted Textiles to 3D Printed Textiles | Felecia Davis

Gramáticas da forma e modelagem paramétrica – uma aplicação na área da arquitetura paisagística | Carlos Eduardo Verzola Vaz, Maria Gabriela Caffarena Celani

Modelagem e Simulação da informação urbana de caráter histórico | Heliana Faria Mettig Rocha

Modelagem por partículas em Engenharia, Arquitetura e Construção | Ulisses Demarchi Silva Terra, Arthur Hunold Lara, Marcelo Eduardo Giacaglia, Norberto Correa da Silva Moura

Modelo Paramétrico para Compatibilidade Ambiental em Edifícios de Museu de Arte no Clima Sub Tropical Úmido | Laline Cenci, Rodrigo Garcia Alvarado

Morphological indicators of solar exposure | Reza Amindarbari

O Panorama sequencial: um passeio virtual pela Rua da Carioca no Rio de Janeiro nos séculos XIX-XX | Roberto Segre, Thiago Leitão de Souza

Otimização de Modelos digitais para Visualização de Patrimônio Histórico-Arquitetônico em Realidade Aumentada | Thales Serra Negra Teodoro, Hector Medina Gomes, Felipe Etchegaray Heidrich, Adriane Borda de Almeida da Silva

Otimização geométrica de superfícies de fachada para uso fotovoltaico | Virgínia C. Vannini, Ernesto Bueno, Benamy Turkienicz

O uso de BIM para a criação de um banco de dados da produção de habitação de interesse social em Limeira-SP | Eloisa Dezen-Kempter, Fernanda Arriva, Guilherme Magri Ramos

Parametric Natural Ventilation Simulation with Real-time Geometric Feedback (Nat-Vent) | Francisco Valdes, Yuming Sun

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Representação de Ambiente Arquitetônico com Tecnologia de Jogos Digitais: uma análise da modelagem geométrica | Wagner Costa Oliveira, Felipe Etchegaray Heidrich

Reverberación sonora: parámetros en modelación digital y física | Eduardo Cote, Andrés Augusto Pinzón

Scalable Explorations | Awilda Rodríguez Carrión

Simulando a dinâmica da segregação urbana: dos autômatos celulares aos modelos baseados em agentes | Mauro Normando Macêdo Barros Filho

The use of simulation to evaluate design options on conceptual mass study phase | Mariana M. X. Lima, Regina C. Ruschel, Glenda A. Silva

Uso de una herramienta computacional evolutiva para el diseño y optimización de vanos residenciales en el trópico | Maria Clara Betancourt Velasco, Rodrigo García Alvarado, Lina Marcela Quintero Villarreal

Virtual Mock-up Simulation of Building Skins for Design to Fabrication Integration | Minjung MAING

Aplicación del concepto conductor de Identidad de Marca en la generación de formas con Shape Grammar | Daniela Silva Guzmán, Joaquín Bustos Bello

Arquitectura modular basada en la Teoría de los Policubos | Edmundo Daniel Quezada Feijoó, Xavier Eduardo Burneo Valdivieso

Arquitetura como processo aberto baseado no uso de tecnologias digitais | Ivan Custódio dos Santos Souto

A Shape Grammar for Self-Built Housing | Joana Tching, Alexandra Paio, Joaquim Reis

Building Information Modeling: Um ensaio sobre as inovações nas formas de representação e gerenciamento de projeto e suas implicações na produção da arquitetura contemporânea | Fernando Tadeu de Araújo Lima, Aline Calazans Marques, Emmanuel Sa Resende Pedroso, Frederico Braida

Christopher Alexander e o dilema do espaço (in)formado | Pedro Veloso

Composiciones Plegadas. Propiedades espaciales y materiales (envolventes y componentes) | Mauro Chiarella, Rodrigo Garcia Alvarado

Desafios do Programa Minha Casa Minha Vida frente ao processo BIM – Building Information Modeling: migrando para o IPD – Integrated Project Delivery | Eduardo Sampaio Nardelli

Designing Eco Adaptable Residence in a Hot & Humid Climate, in Kolkata, India | Florina Dutt, Subhajit Das

Do espaço à espacialidade: a dimensão temporal na arquitetura contemporânea | Sandra Catharinne Pantaleão Resende

Eco-envelopes: An Environmental Approach to Parametric Design | Aaron Paul Brakke, Rodrigo Velasco

Ensino de Arquitetura e Urbanismo com auxilio de ferramentas digitais | Isabelle Maria Mensato da Silva, Simone Helena Tanoue Viz

PROCESSOS DE PROJETO

DESIGN PROCESSES

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Equipamentos Urbanos de Interesse Social: Racionalizando o Processo de Projeto | Daiane Folle, Underléa Miotto Bruscato, Regiane Trevisan Pupo

Fabricação digital de maquetes para análise de projetos não-construídos utilizando a cortadora a laser | Ana Tagliari, Wilson Florio

Formas locales para el comercio internacional | Sebastián Feinsilber, Pablo Caruso

How Biomimetic Approach Enlarges Morphological Solution Space | Sun-Joong Kim, Ji-Hyun Lee

Large Scale Interactive Modeling in Rural Areas | Werner Lonsing

LEGO como herramienta de introducción a la enseñanza del 3D | Bruno Perelli, Osvaldo Zorzano

Mapping the Experience of Space | Nancy Diniz, Bennedict Anderson, Hai-Ning Liang, Richard Laing

Mass Customization Quest | Charles Vincent

Micro arquitectura Urbana Domótica | Silvia Patricia Hernández, María Figueroa, María José Verón, Gabriela Mengo

Modelagem paramétrica para o projeto e produção automatizados de uma peça de mobiliário: um exercício de aplicação | Wilson Barbosa Neto, André L. Araújo, Gabriela Celani

MVRDV e Regionmaker: arquitetura e espacialização da informação | Lívia Paula Zanelli de Morais, David Moreno Sperling

O Algoritmo Evolutivo como método projetual | Jarryer Andrade De Martino, Gabriela Celani

O BIM e o ensino de projeto de edificações nos cursos de Arquitetura e Engenharia Civil em Minas Gerais | Alexandre Monteiro de Menezes, Maria de Lourdes Silva Viana, Mário Lucio Pereira Junior, Sergio Ricardo Palhares

O papel das impressoras 3D nas diversas etapas do projeto | Frederico Braida, Aline Calazans Marques, Emmanuel Sá Resende Pedroso, Fernando Tadeu de Araújo Lima

Para além dos clichés paramétricos | Verônica G. Natividade

Parametrização e fabricação como ferramentas para o avanço do processo de projeto | Mateus van Stralen, Ana Paula Baltazar, Marcus Bernardo

Projeto de Habitações de Interesse Social segundo uma abordagem generativa | Elisabetta Romano, Giancarlo Tonoli

Realidades Cruzadas y su aplicación en el Diseño Industrial | Bárbara Atenas, Francisco Rojas, Jorge Rojas

Symbiosis of Structural & Non-Structural properties in Building | Mania Aghaei Meibodi, Hamia Aghaiemeybodi

Technic Praxis learning: A design studio embedding digital and physical knowledge | Alexandra Paio, Brimet Silva, Maria João Oliveira, Luís Carvão

Um ensaio para inserção do conceito de processos generativos digitais em estágios iniciais da formação em arquitetura. | Gustavo Alcantara Brod, Janice de Freitas Pires, Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva

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Desafíos y propuestas para la implementación de Building Information Modeling en Chile | Mauricio Loyola Vergara, Ricardo Urrutia Beiza

Designing in HiFi | Daniel Smithwick, Lawrence Sass

Design-Through-Production: Towards a Humanist Position | Kevin R. Klinger

Eco-losas: desarrollo de componentes constructivos más eficientes por análisis topológico y diseño paramétrico | Rodrigo Garcia Alvarado, Oscar Otárola Mardones

En busca de nuevas metodologías y herramientas aplicables a la educación. Repensando nuestro rol docente en las aulas | Nicolás Carpena, Mariano Cataldi, Gonzalo Muñiz

Exercício Projetual de uma Estrutura de Cobertura com a Utilização do Diagrama de Voronoi no plug-in Grasshopper | Lucas Ariel Gomes, Wilson Barbosa Neto, André L. Araújo, Gabriela Celani

Experiência sem fronteiras | Regiane Trevisan Pupo, Affonso Orciuoli

Fabricando mundos. Realidad, simulacro e inmanencia | Fernando García Amen, Marcelo Payssé Álvarez, Paulo Pereyra Bonifacio, Lucía Meirelles

Kinetic Solar Panels | Shani Sharif, T Russell Gentry, Jeannette Yen, Jose N Goodman

Marcenaria Digital: design e fabricação sustentável | Affonso Orciuoli

Minha Casa Minha Vida - a critical perspective; Possible alternatives and improvements. | José Nuno Beirão

O digital e o analógico em simbiose na produção de ilustrações | Eduardo Bonini Hoewell, Adriane Borda Almeida da Silva

Pluripotent Structures: An Exploration into Digital Design & Fabrication by Bio Mimicry | Florina Dutt, Subhajit Das

Protótipo rápido de elementos construtivos produzidos pela tecnologia de sinterização seletiva a laser | Wilson Florio

Repensando a Cortiça em Arquitetura através do uso de Tecnologias CAD/CAM | José Pedro Sousa, José Pinto Duarte

Tecnología digital proyectual y didáctica relacional, para la producción artística visual contemporánea | Oliver Sáez Matamala

Uso de sistemas robóticos en la producción de componentes constructivos con complejidad geométrica | Mauricio Loyola Vergara, Jeremy Keagy

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NOVOS SISTEMAS DE PRODUÇÃO

NEW PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

POÉTICAS DA CRIAÇÃOPOETICS OF DESIGN

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Towards which expressive horizons?

Giuseppe PellitteriDipartimento di Architettura, Università di Palermo, Italygiuseppe.pellitteri@unipa.it

Alessia RiccobonoDipartimento di Architettura, Università di Palermo, Italyalessia.riccobono@unipa.it

ABSTRACTToday’s explosive developments in digital technology have also affected architecture and urban landscape. The new possibilities opened up by digital simulation have led to an increasingly strategic approach to planning, an approach based on generating scenarios, which thus represents a radical departure from traditional planning. But, up to now, what is the prevalent trend in architecture? Can we talk yet in term of language? Or have the extreme freedom in design destroyed the style? In this paper we present an analysis of the contemporary architecture, strongly influenced by digital technologies, through an objective analysis of several case-studies and we show the first result of this in progress research.

KEYWORDS: Design Process; New Trends; Architectural Criticism; Digital Design.

Starting from the first Sutherland’s attempt of automation in drawing, passing through the develops of the commercial software programs and their diffusion into the architectural and engineering studios in the early 90’s, coming to nowadays, architectural design is always strongly influenced by digital technology and most recent buildings certainly shows marked signs of this digital soul. We can see two parallel approaches to the architectural design: some architects start from the geometrical digital manipulation of the shape, thinking forms that can only be imaged with the computer aid, as in the Performative Architecture or in the Parametric Design, some others take advantage of these instruments to express their idea. In the second case the computer helps the designer, who probably couldn’t try to experiment and realize some projects with complex shapes without the provision given by information technology, but they continue to use the computer only as a way to represent and give form to an abstract idea, taking possession of the digital augmented capabilities “on the research of expressive solutions not yet explored with the traditional representation methods” (Riccobono, 2012, p. 132).

The use of the software controlling architectural shape

may have indirectly “reinforced the feeling of some architects to be the protagonists of a cultural environment, in which the geometry, science and philosophy are the fundament of new expressive avant-garde” (Pellitteri, 2010, p. 28). Several projects suffers from excessive solipsism and they are often self-referenced. Then, it is natural to ask if the relationship between digital modeling tools and some trends in contemporary architecture is become only a formal fact. Today, we take a big risk: the primacy of the shape can take precedence over others fundamental aspects of Architecture and the architecture can become only a “form for form’s sake” (Tschumi and Cheng, 2003, p. 49) .

It isn’t any doubt that we are inside a revolution of methods, processes, thinking. At first we saw different approaches to this tricky question: some were enthusiastic, others were skeptical and critical. Nowadays we can talk of Post-Digital Age, because the first effects of this revolution are strongly evident on global scale. “The architecture is very much a synthesis between the virtual, the actual, the biological, the cyborgian, the augmented and the mixed” (Spiller, 2009, p. 95). Today we have to reflect about the changes that architecture has undergone and is undergoing, to

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understand the real results and meanings of more than ten years of digital experimentation in the construction industry. As Antoine Picon says, “we are now past these initial reactions of enthusiasm or concern. The question is no longer whether the digital technology is a good or bad thing for design; it is rather about the direction architecture is taking under its influence” (Picon, 2010, p. 8).

The case-studies: selection and classification

For this reason, the main aim of the research is the comprehension of the current scenario and the hypothesizing the future, trying to put together the different approaches to the question, as much the aspects related to the design strategies placed at the base of project, as much the geometrical matters. Understanding the new directions in the architectural contemporary design it is certainly a complex issue and a historical-morphological approach can be useful to analyze the real impact of these building on our discipline. We think it is necessary to relate project ideas and formal configuration because, although in every historical age the architectural morphology has always reflected the moment culture through the design thinking, this is even more evident looking at the contemporary scene dominated by new digital media.

Therefore we have analyzed the current scenario through the selection and the classification of fifty case-studies, that we will explain in greater detail. The choose to make an as much possible objective analysis on the current buildings is a necessary task to really understand the modifications inside our cities and obviously in architectural language, if we can already talk in term of language and style. The case-studies were selected according with this parameters:

High-quality buildings, testified by the publication on journals with international relevance. It is chosen to not include the project never realized, because we can’t see their relationship with the environment or understand the real congruence between project and realizations. Furthermore, many projects remained on paper seem often like a funny ideas or games, rather than something that can be actually realized.

Architectures where is strongly evident the influence of digital tools and culture.

Last fifteen years projects, because in this way we could insert also the first pioneering attempts of digital experimentation in Architecture, such as the pavilion HTwoO by NOX / Lars Spuybroek or the Möbius House by UNStudio, until the last realizations.

Global scale: we choose to not limit our investigation into a specific geographical area, because the effects of digitization on the evolution of architectural shape are evident on global scale.

Classification based on Design Strategies

At first we have defined a vocabulary of the current architectural trends derived by the use of digital technologies. Each category was described, deepened and explained in all specific aspects. Then each architecture was then classified according these several categories, that now we will discuss in more detail. Some buildings may have more than one classification. The aim was to understand which are the most common trends, if several ways of designing are recurrent in the architectural practice, if they interact each other and with which results. The categories identified are:

BLOB: the term Blob (Binary Large OBject) assumes different connotations depending on the specific context in which it is used, but in general, it represents a mass without form and consistency. Greg Lynn was the first to associate the word with architecture in 1995, coining the term Blobitecture or Blob Architecture, referring to those buildings digitally designed that have an organic, a bulged shape, as an amoeba. The shapes are defined through special algorithms implemented within CAAD programs, in order that the shape evolves depending on the pressure applied from outside on the surfaces and modifying the algorithms consequently.

Fig. 1, the blob Son-O-House by NOX in Son en Breugel, Netherlands.

GRID: traditionally it is a Cartesian structure that generates static and rational shapes. Grids are transversal elements, always present in the history of architecture. In our time the term is inextricably linked to the concepts of net, connections, network and sharing. The introduction of the IT made it possible working on the grids in a different way: they are no longer a rational and rigid design tool, but become an instrument for designing forms and spaces unpredictable and changeable. “Laying down a grid” - variously modified and deformed - “should be a mapping of the possible, not a restraining order. [...] At any instant it can be pulled apart and shifted dramatically, [...] fixed one moment, vanish and refigured in the other” (Balmond, 2002, p. 372).

FLUIDITY: The term was defined for the first time in scientific field as that physical magnitude, inverse of the viscosity. With the advent of the digital age, the concept of fluidity extends to computing, becoming a key-word.

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The computer single particle is not a physical quantity, but rather an electrical pulse capable of providing and transferring data. In the contemporary landscape scientific discoveries and technological innovations are changing the same idea of nature and the Architecture reflects, with its proposals, the formalisms of science and technology. Curved figures, as spirals, waves, liquid crystals, become a precise figurative reference for the contemporary architecture.

FLOWS: Looking at the constitution of contemporary society, it is immediately apparent that itself, compared to a few decades ago, is dominated by a constant flow of people, information, mobility systems. “Not a flow - such as motorway or the phone - but the juxtaposition of a variety of flows, is the first finding that the reality where we live is made up of meshes that add interconnections” (Solà Morales, 1996, p. 15). Contemporary architecture has taken the flows as a starting point of the design. The movement of the users inside the space has generated a widespread trend of designers in creating free spaces, not rigidly structured: it is the user who creates the architecture, choosing to freely move inside it. There is no more a rigid concept of exterior and interior; the architecture is the result of the movement and is destined to be container of human activities.

DIAGRAM: in architecture it is usually thought of as “graphic tool” (Bijlsma, et al., 1998), that is the translation of a series of possible relationships between the parties in a drawing, but it can’t be attributed either to the type, nor even to a sketch. The term derives from Greek dià (through) and grámma (something written). Although it is usually made up of points, lines and surfaces organized in two-dimensional patterns or three-dimensional models, it may include data, legends, text, and then relate different aspects at the same time, crossing data, connecting functions and needs. Digital diagrams become an operational concept tools, design tools as well as a means of reading.

PATTERN: in architecture and design generally it indicates the repetition of a geometric graphic motif on a plane. The buildings can communicate through their materiality, the articulation of joints, the different types of surface, the different materials. Even though the current fascination with the aspect of facades has turned image into fetish, the reconsideration of physical and material qualities of architecture has nonetheless gained a new prominence in the contemporary tectonic tradition. Software programs with shape grammars allow the design of patterns, starting from a set of elements previously defined and repeating them with imposed or random schemes.

ARTISTIC FACT: one of the major trends, due to the introduction of information technology in architecture, is the growing interest as much in the formal outcome rather than in the process that gives life to the project. For

artistic fact we mean those buildings designed as if they are works of art, which increase infinitely the category of sculpture. The borderline between architecture and sculpture becomes increasingly ephemeral and undefined because certain works of art, such as those by Anish Kapoor, become part of the architecture of the city. On the other hand, more and more artists are implicated in the creation of the architecture, while some architects carry out art installations.

DECONSTRUCTION: The term enters into the history of Western philosophy with the writings of Jacques Derrida, from which arises the movement of Deconstructivism. Derrida didn’t intend to create an -ism, indeed it was contrary to place the deconstruction within a philosophical movement, as was then happened, involving Art and Architecture. From a superficial reading of Derrida’s thinking in key purely formalist, in recent years new forms were born, trying to dematerialize architecture, through disconnections, cuts, rotations, offsets.

FOLDED SURFACES: The concept of folding is introduced in architecture with the publication of the text of the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, The Fold. Leibniz and the Baroque. The main contribution concerns an alternative view of the concept of space. For centuries the architectural space has been designed according to the Cartesian model, in which each point is identified by fixed coordinates that allow to represent the objects through elementary geometric shapes and to frame precisely their position in relation to the context. This rational and linear vision of space has certainly practical advantages because it simplifies, distinguishes, orders. Some architects, like Eisenman, identify this new model with the topological surfaces, geometrical entities that, as the surface of the ground, they are continually modeled, deformed, folded.

MATHEMATICAL DERIVATION: architectural space is intimately linked to numbers and proportions, from antiquity to the present day. Before the advent of digital technology, the mathematics used in architecture was simple arithmetic, made by proportional relationships and Euclidean geometries. Digital technologies allow us to manage and design forms, whose mathematical relationships couldn’t be controlled only with Euclidean geometry. Within this category you can find those projects where the formal configuration comes from the work of mathematicians, for example, the Moebius strip; the topological surfaces, where the intrinsic properties of figures remain even when the surface is subjected to deformation; from everything that arises by fractals, where a geometric object is repeated throughout its structure in the same way on different scales. In addition, we have inserted also all those projects conceived through scripting operations, or by defining an algorithm that generates the form (genetic algorithms).

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NATURAL DERIVATION: intimately connected with the mathematical derivation, there are those projects derived from the nature, both the buildings having clear figurative references in natural forms, both the projects derived from the evolutionary processes in nature. The study of natural systems requires access to an information system so complex as to be inaccessible to human cognition and can be decrypted only with the aid of computer. On the other hand, information technologies allow to generate the form through computation, setting the logic of natural systems - for example the genetic code or biological systems - generating a series of possible scenarios. The project is obtained by combining the best basic conditions.

PERFORMANCE: the performative approach to the project wasn’t born with the advent of digital technology stricto sensu, since the goal is to optimize one or more parameters. With the advent of the information technology new lines of research were born: in fact the new software for architecture allows the creation of autonomous forms, arising from the optimization of different parameters. You can choose to focus on the structural, the climate - environmental, but also the social and procedural aspects, and many others. In parallel, the final shape can be achieved also due to the modification of a primitive initial, for example a sphere, a cube, a parallelepiped, modifying it, deforming it by successive approximations, until it reaches the best possible configuration.

Classification based on Geometry

This taxonomic classification was articulated in four different sub-categories. At first we defined the category “Geometrical Configuration”, distinguishing the Rectilinear and the Curvilinear, without considering, at this moment, what kind of geometry it is. The second step was classifying every case-study according with the category “Morphology”: then each project may falls

within the parameters Anthropomorphic, Biomorphic, Zoomorphic, Geometrical, which, in turn, it is sub-divided in Euclidean Geometry and New Geometries.

The successive action was the identification of the “Shape Primitives” placed at the base of the form (for example, Sphere, Cube, Parallelepiped, NURBS, Pyramid, Revolution Solid, Rotation Solid, Extrusion Solid, etc.). At the end, we classified all “Compositional Operations” made up during the definition of the architectural form (e.g. Boolean operations - addition, subtraction, intersection - Repetition, Deformation, Folding, Rotation, Overturning, Tilt, Cutting, Break, Interruption, Translation, Sliding).

Results

Up to now, because the research is in progress, we have we analyzed the 50% of fifty case-studies chosen and we have found that, among the “Design Strategies”, are prevalent the Blob, Fluidity and Folded Surfaces, with 14%, followed by Natural derivation (10%), Artistic fact (9%), Flows (8%). As regards instead the taxonomic classification, we can see that the curvilinear geometric configurations are prevalent, with the high percentage of 78%. Furthermore, regarding to the category “Morphology”, we have a very high percentage of the Geometrical ones (88%, obtained by the sum of 36% for the Euclidean Geometries and 52% for the New Geometries). As regards the “Shape Primitives”, has not been found a clear prevalence of any sub-parameter, instead regarding the “Compositional Operations”, were prevailing categories Deformation and Folding (together for a total of 48%), followed by the ever important Boolean Operations (25%).

In general, we might say that contemporary architecture seems to tend towards complex surfaces and deformed shapes, as an expression of a fluid society that is increasingly complex, mobile, interconnected and

Fig. 2, the Metropol Parasol in Seville by J. Mayer H. with its clear reference in the natural forms.

Fig. 3, the optimization of environmental parameters was the guiding principle to design the London City Hall, by Foster &

Partners.

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unpredictable. Therefore the contemporary world reflects itself in open and non-rational spaces, free-form geometries, liquid and permeable architectures, in which there aren’t clear divisions between inside and outside or between the various functional areas. Everything is flexible, free and subject to change.

It is evident that we are going maybe towards a New Expressionism or a New Baroque, but without the great cultural importance that has accompanied these two great historical and artistic movements. If we compare this new revolution to the discovery of Perspective in the fifteenth century, we can see that whereas the Renaissance was been a big cultural movement, involving all aspects of the society and art, this new revolution doesn’t seem have that great value. It is more related to instrumental facts or artistic facts, with often partial approaches of the design. “The image seems now the true aim of many architects, with all its consequences, such as fashions and styles” (Pellitteri, 2010, p. 28). Certainly the image, when it is perceived, has the value of the sign. But a sign without a real meaning. But, up to now, the Digital Age gave us only these products. Expressive languages emergent from instrumental, procedural and artistic facts with considerations primarily limited to the shape, with purporting to justify the formal choices through the use sometimes of society, sometimes of philosophy or art. The form, expression of an incomplete spatial research, very often remains or becomes only the image, in the continuing search for a visibility at all costs.

References

Balmond, C. 2002. Informal. Berlin: Prestel.

Bijlsma, L., Deen, W., Garritzman, U. (eds.). 1998. Diagrams. Oase, 48.

Pellitteri, G. 2010.L’involucro architettonico. Declinazioni digitali e nuovi linguaggi. Palermo: Fotograf.

Picon, A. 2010. Digital Culture in Architecture. An introduction for the deisgn professions. Basel: Birkhäuser.

Riccobono, A. 2012. Architecture in the Digital Age. Evolution of language and contemporary design. In M. Rossi (ed.), Nexus Ph.D. Day. Relationships between Architecture and Mathematics (pp. 129-134). Milano: MgGraw-Hill.

Solà Morales, I. 1996. Present y Futuros. Arquitectura en la ciudades. Barcelona: Actar.

Spiller, N. 2009. Plectic architecture: towards a theory of the post-digital in architecture. Technoetic Arts, 7 (2), 95-104.

Tschumi, B. and Cheng. I (eds.). 2003. The State of Architecture at the Beginning of the 21st Century. New York: The Monacelli Press.

Fig. 4-5, The graphs shows the results of the classifications based on “Design Strategies” and “Geometrical Configuration”.