No. 073 2016 2

16

64, 26 33 2015 1)

1

1

ACM

QCM

1 10ng/cm2

pH

ACM pH

pH pH

(JIS ) (ISO )

ACM

QCM

No. 073 2016 2

17

2.1

2.1.1 ACM Atmospheric Corrosion Monitor

ACM 2),3)

Ag

12 ,3

.

2.1.2

Rs

Rp

4)-6)

24) 5) 6)

24 7 3 (CS) WS, NiWS4) (1/Rs, 1/Rp) Rp, Rs

Rs 1/Rs

1 10.80.

020

0.01

5

基板 (炭素鋼)

導電性ペースト絶縁ペースト

(a)

(b)

基板 (炭素鋼)

導電性ペースト (Ag)

銅箔

絶縁ペースト (BN)A A'

A電流計

64

641 ACM

2 (a) (b)

(a) (b)

No. 073 2016 2

18

2.1.3 (Kelvin)

R (M)

ΔφMR

VMR=ΔφMR/e VMR (E)

E= VMR + (1)

E VMR VMR E

3 4 CS WS NiWS Ni

4 MgCl2 10

(a) 0.8mm 0.8mm (b) 5μm 5 μm

No. 073 2016 2

19

8) /

(AFM) (KPFM9)10 ) nm

( 4(b)10))

2.1.4

511

612 13 712

5

7 6 12

6 (a)12) (b) 13)

No. 073 2016 2

20

2.1.5 QCM Quartz Crystal Microbalance

QCM

1

10ng/cm2

14) QCM

RH 15) 8

(Δm/Δt)

Fe+H2O+1/2 O2 Fe(OH)2 (2-1)

Fe+3/2 H2O+3/4 O2 Fe(OH)3 (2-2)

: ΔL/Δt

(ΔL/Δt)=(1/ρFe)(MFe/M(OH)x) (Δm/Δt) (3)

MFe M(OH)x Fe

(OH)x ρFe , ρFe =7.86/gcm3,

2.1.6

h

Δε (R)

Δε= -Δh/2R (4)

(Δh)13)

916

0

2

4

6

8

10

Wei

ght C

hang

e /

10-7

[g/c

m2 ] QCM

Ws=1.1 10-2g/m2

(a)

(b)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

RH

(%

)

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700Time (min)

8 (a)RH(b) QCM

9 (a) (b) 16

(a)(b)

No. 073 2016 2

21

2.1.7

1011

2.2

2.2.1

pH

1mL

pH

pH pH

pH4 1117

2.2.2

(1)

(JIS )

(ISO ) 1

18

(2) QCM

QCM QCM

= +

( 1219))

11 - (b)pH (b)

10

242220181614121086420

( )

pH 1995.05. 254

5

6

7

3

pH

0.27mm

( 300 mm )

(a)

(b)

No. 073 2016 2

22

Airborne sea salt

Cylinder with PbO2 paste

Alkaline filter paper

Sulfur oxide

ISO

JIS

Filter paper immersed inK2CO3 solution

PbO2

Aqueous solution of glycerin

Wet candle

wet gauze

Dry gauze

1 / ISO JIS

Nov. in 1992

Shimizu90

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

log

Ws

[g/m

]2

Oct. in 1992

Start

Rain

161514131211109876543213130

Rain Rain

12 QCM

No. 073 2016 2

23

ACM

3.1

3.1.1

ACM

13 ACM (RH) 10

3.1.2

ACM 142)3) ( 15) /

(Ith) Ith=10nA 16μm/y 3.4.1 (7)

3.1.3

ACM (I) RH

16 2 3 RH I

I RH 16

(Ws) 22)3)

13 ACM

No. 073 2016 2

24

14 aACM (b)

(Ith=10nA,CRth=16μm/y)

(2007)

(2003)

(2006)

(2002)

(2002)

(2002)

15 (Tdew)(Tdry) (Train)

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

Tsukuba

>0.5mm/h<0.5mm/h

rain

rain-affected

rain perioddew dew dew

drydry

(a)

(b)

2

10080604020-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

3

4

RH (%)

log

I [μ

A]

2

1

0

-1

-2

-3

-4

log Ws[g/m ]2

16 ACM (I) RH

210-1-2-3-4

log Ws[g/m2]

( 998）

(1999

No. 073 2016 2

25

3.2

3.2.1

17 ACM (I) RH

17(a) I-RH

17(b)

I-RH

3.2.2

ISO

(TOW) 0℃ 80%

TOW(ISO)=Tdew(ISO)+Train(ISO) (5)

ACM

TOW(ACM)=Tdew(ACM)+Train(ACM) (6)

RH≥80%

Train(ACM)=Train(ISO) TOW(ISO)

TOW(ACM) Tdew(ISO)=Tdew+dry(RH RHth=80%)

Tdew(ACM) 3) 18 1

(dew+dry )

(dew )

I (μ

A)

105

104

103

102

101

100

10-1

10-2

10-3

/

(a)

0 20 40 60 80 100RH (%)

I (μ

A)

105

104

103

102

101

100

10-1

10-2

10-3

(b) (July, 1992) 7/9 12:00 -7/10 12:00 7/10 12:00 -7/11 12:00 7/10 12:00 -7/11 12:00

50 60 70 80 90 100RH (%)

17 I-RH (a) (b)

18 (a) (b) 1(Tdew+dry:○)

(Tdew:●)

RH (%)100806040200

Miyako, 1992.11 - 1993.10Ws=7.4 10 - 2.8 10 g/m-2 -1 2

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

Tim

e (h

)

RHth=80%RHc=62%

(b)

dry+dew dew

Ws= 7.4×10-2 – 2.8×10-1 g/m2

1993.1-1993.12

Ws=1.4×10-2-1.1×10-1g/m2

1992.10-1993.10

Ws=7.4×10-2-2.8×10-1g/m2

Tim

e (h

)

No. 073 2016 2

26

ISO RHth=80% Tdew(ACM) ( )

Tdew+dry(RH RHth=80%) ( ) RH 80% 18(a)

Tdew(ACM)= Tdew+dry(RH RHc) RHc RHc=78% RHth=80%

RHc=62% 18(b) ISO RHth 80%

80% 3)

3.3

3.3.1

0.1 40μm20),21) 21)

21) JIS ISO

1

3.3.2

30 40μm21)

2

(α*D) 22) 19 ACM 23) 500m24) 3m (Ws) α*D

Ws>0.1g/m2 Ws α*D Ws-α*D

α*D 4km

Ws 0.3 2g/m2 Ws-α*D

4km Ws

3.4

3.4.1 ACM

QCM ACM

(Q)

log CR [mm/y]= 0.378 log Q [C/day] - 0.636 (7)

-2

-1

0

1

D (107 m2/s/day)0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

ChibaShimizu

log

Ws[

g/m

2 ]

Nishihara(4km)

3m)

log Ws=2.4×10-7α D-5.0log Ws=2.6×10-7α D-2.7

(’97.8-’98.8) (’94.11-’96.11)

(500m)

19(Ws) (α*D)

No. 073 2016 2

27

202 3 Q

ACM (0.1nA)

2μm/y

3.4.2

ACM

2125 ) ACM Zn 3 5μm/y 0.3

0.4μm/y ( 10: 20μm/y) 1/5

26)

3.5 27)

(CR) ACM (Qeff)

( 22)

log CR [mm/y] = 0.682 log Qeff [C/day] - 0.256 (8)

Qeff= Qeff[dew] +Qeff[rain]

= Qdew +0.2Qrain

20 ACM(Q)

Ws=4.5 10-4 g/m2

Ws=1.1 10-2 g/m2

Fe(OH)2Fe(OH)3

Fe(OH)2

Fe(OH)3

QCM

10-1-2-3-4-5-6

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

log Q [C/day]

log

CR

[mm

/y]

'95.10'94.10 '95.10

(1- 12 )

76%

'95.5

85%

log CR=0.378log Q - 0.636

-3

-2

-1

Fe

0-1-2-3-4-5log Ws [g/m2]

-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

6 ('95.2)

7 (1y)

部位 4, 6

'95.5 - '96.8部位 1

部位 5

部位 7部位 10

部位 1 部位 5部位 7 部位 10

月ごと ('95.5 - '95.9)

7 ('95.8)

6 (1y)

-4

-3

-2

Zn

log

Q [

C/d

ay]

log

CR

[m

m/y

]

21ACM (Q)

(Ws)

No. 073 2016 2

28

Qrain 0.2Qrain

(CR)

CR 1) (Tdew) CRdew

1 (Td) Q=Qdew(Td/Tdew) (7) 3.4.1

(Ldew) Ldew=CRdewTdew 1

(L) Ldew (ΔL= L – Ldew) Train

23 Train>82h ΔL Train Train<82h

Train>82h (0.061μm/h)

3.6

3.6.1

(RH) 1)

RH 30 50% RH 70% 28)

Cl- 2429

ACM 251)-3)

23 (L)Ldew (ΔL= L–L dew) Train

22(CR)

ACM (Qeff)

log Qeff [C/day]

-2

-1

1

-3

0

log CR=0.682log Qeff -0.256

-2 -1 0-3 21

Qeff = Qeff[dew]+Qeff[rain] = Qdew+ αQrain (α=0.2)

log

CR

[mm

/y]

No. 073 2016 2

29

3.6.2

500m ACM

2 1994 11 1996 1023) Ws 26 ACM

:SW Site1 ’95.4.18

6.22 Ws ’95.4.23 4.24

2.1 2.4g/m2 1996

’95.4.23

37.5m/s(SW)

Ws 1g/m2

2 22Cr-0.8Mo Ws

Ws 0.5g/m2 25

Ws

24 0.1g/m2 MgCl2 304RH

Kelvin

25 RH (%)

log

Ws[

g/m

2 ]

26

240220200180160

Chiba

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

0

1

2

log

Ws

[g/m

]2

Apr. May Jun. Jul.in 1995

Time (days)

(Site 1) Side A(Site 3)Side B (Site 4)Side B

4.23

7.3

log

Ws [g

/m2 ]

No. 073 2016 2

30

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