MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aircraft Systems

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I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aircraft Systems Jeffrey W. Eggers, Col Director, UAS Transformation Air Force Combat Support Office 8 Feb 2008

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MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Jeffrey W. Eggers, Col Director, UAS Transformation Air Force Combat Support Office. 8 Feb 2008. One Man’s Vision. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Transcript of MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aircraft Systems

Page 1: MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 Reaper Unmanned Aircraft Systems

I n t e g r i t y - S e r v i c e - E x c e l l e n c e

MQ-1 Predator / MQ-9 ReaperUnmanned Aircraft Systems

Jeffrey W. Eggers, ColDirector, UAS Transformation

Air Force Combat Support Office

8 Feb 2008

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One Man’s Vision

“We have just won a war with a lot of heroes flying around in planes. The next war may be fought by airplanes with no men in them at all. It certainly will be fought with planes so far superior to those we have now that there will be no basis for comparison. Take everything you’ve learned about aviation in war, throw it out of the window, and let’s go to work on tomorrow’s aviation. It will be different from anything the world has ever seen.”

Gen Hap Arnold, USAAFVJ Day, 1945

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AF Family of Systems

Small UAS Operators Rated Aviators

Micro Man-Portable Small Large/Theater Capable

Low Capability High Capability

Multi-Mission

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Predator/Reaper System

Aircraft

Ground Control Station (GCS)

Predator Primary Satellite Link (PPSL)

Operations Center

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MQ-1/MQ-9 Comparison

MQ-1 Predator MQ-9 Reaper

A-10 SizeC-172 Size

2 x 500 lb bombs

4 x Hellfire

Endurance: 24 HrsMax Speed: 120 KtsMax Altitude: 25,000Payload: 300 Lbs

Endurance: 24 HrsMax Speed: 240 KtsMax Altitude: 50,000Payload: 3000 Lbs

2 x Hellfire

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Current Combat CAPs

Total Combat CAPs - Predator: 20 Reaper: 2

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Remote Split Operations

Ku Satellite

PPSL

Creech AFB

Mission Control Element

GCS

Ops Ctr

LOSOnly

Launch &

Recovery

Element

Fiber Optics

Predator VideoNetwork

In Theater

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Current Operations

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LaserDesignator

EO & IR Camera IR Marker AGM-114P Hellfire

MQ-1B Tactical Systems

Multi-spectral Targeting System

IR Marker

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Target Coordination

Laser Rangefinder Designator*For guiding weapons

Laser Target Marker*Visible in NVGs

Mensurated Target Coordinates

ROVER Video Direct to JTAC

Tactical DatalinkLink-16 and SADL

Standard J-CAS andJ-Fire Procedures

ROVER videoshows target

JTAC

Target Designatorfor Laser Guided

Bombs and Missiles

Target Marking Laser

for NVGs

* Predator cannot see LRDs or LTMs from other providers.

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Close Air Support - Raid

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Close Air Support – An Najaf

Friendlies

Sniper

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Close Air Support – An Najaf

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Disaster Relief

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Relief Operations

Commercial Satellite

GCS*

Creech AFB

Ops Cell

ROVERFeed

Fiber Optics

Network

Relief Personnel•GCS: Ground Control Station•LRE: Launch and recovery element

USNORTHCOMDept Homeland

Security

POTUS

FMV

Katrina New

Orleans

LRE*

MQ-1 to provide full motion video at USNORTHCOM’s direction in the event of CONUS catastrophe

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all pads, 13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01 Clrd KB07 pad 1-6 13K avoid Betty all pads, 13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01 Clrd KB07 pad 1-6 13K avoid Betty [02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK, stardust RTB 0215 NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01> c, kb01 pd1-6 13k, betty hot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK> c, stardust, clrd hammond

[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb, I’ll see if it is ready[02:05] <CJTF-2> target deck sent to your JWICS email[02:10]<Deadly_MC>got it. start from north or by #?[02:11]< CJTF-2 >n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC> on tgt 2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2> 3 pax sw

support rqd att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c, rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reported shots fired sect 23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03 activated N361402 W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike 44 enroute tic 03, QT pls activate betty sfc to 180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortar poo

[02:22]<Deadly01> LRE, were low on gas, expect 0330 handback[02:22]<LRE_P1> sb, let me check[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly, we can handle that, just don’t be late or you’ll bump hamer22[02:25]<Deadly01> copy, we can make it

all pads, 13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01 Clrd KB07 pad 1-6 13K avoid Betty all pads, 13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01 Clrd KB07 pad 1-6 13K avoid Betty [02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK, stardust RTB 0215 NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01> c, kb01 pd1-6 13k, betty hot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK> c, stardust, clrd hammond

[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb, I’ll see if it is ready[02:05] <CJTF-2> target deck sent to your JWICS email[02:10]<Deadly_MC>got it. start from north or by #?[02:11]< CJTF-2 >n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC> on tgt 2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2> 3 pax sw

support rqd att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c, rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reported shots fired sect 23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03 activated N361402 W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike 44 enroute tic 03, QT pls activate betty sfc to 180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortar poo

[02:22]<Deadly01> LRE, were low on gas, expect 0330 handback[02:22]<LRE_P1> sb, let me check[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly, we can handle that, just don’t be late or you’ll bump hamer22[02:25]<Deadly01> copy, we can make it

Aircrew collaborates real time with end user, intel analysts, cmd elements, airspace ctrl, other aircraft, ground forces

Secure UHF/VHF/FM radio and secure computer chat

SA provided on FalconView w/ airspace diagrams, Link-16, target sets, tgt imagery, weather, msn planning data…

Mission integration screens NOT tied into gnd ctrl station!

Mission Collaboration

AIRCREWJTAC

How the Mission Gets Done

Army

TOC

Army

TOC

DCGSDCGS

ASOCASOC

CAOCCAOC

LRELRE

CRCCRC

SOFTOCSOFTOC

SIPRSA & Comm

JWICS

SA & Comm

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Pilot’s Mission Integration Screen

killbox 6 180-210[02:16]<QueenTk>SE31, sb coordinating[02:16] ]<Deadly01> QT, rqst kp01 all pads, 13K[02:17]<QueenTk>Dy01 Clrd KB01 pad 1-6 13K avoid Betty [02:17]<Kelt_PM>QueenTK, stardust RTB 0215 NSTR[02:18]<Deadly01> c, kb01 pd1-6 13k, betty hot—tks[02:18]<QueenTK> c, stardust, clrd hammond

[01:55]<Deadly_MC>c, sb[01:57]<Deadly_MC>eta 0220, do you have target list?[01:57]<CJTF-2>sb, I’ll see if it is ready[02:05] <CJTF-2> target deck sent to your JWICS email[02:10]<Deadly_MC>got it. start from north or by #?[02:11]< CJTF-2 >n2s[02:20]<Deadly_MC> on tgt 2140Z[02:21]<DGS_2> 3 pax sw

support rqd att[01:33]<ASOC_3>c, rock.[02:10]<MNCG_2>Reported shots fired sect 23d[02:11]<ASOC_3>TIC03 activated N361402 W1140232[02:13]<ASOC_3>Strike 44 enroute tic 03, QT pls activate betty sfc to 180[02:13]<MNCG_2>mortar poo N361413 W1140155[02:14]<QueenTk>rgr, ROZ Betty active sfc-180 ufn

your clrd Golf sector 12K, ready to handover[02:21] ]<MAC_P1>got it thanks, copy golf @ 12[02:22]<Deadly01> LRE, were low on gas, expect 0330 handback[02:22]<LRE_P1> sb, let me check[02:25]<LRE_P1>Deadly, we can handle that, just don’t be late or you’ll bump hamer22[02:25]<Deadly01> copy, we can make it

UNCLASSIFIED

UNCLASSIFIED

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Operations Center

How the Missions are Managed

Operations Supervisor

Weather Senior IntelManager

Msn Coord Msn Coord Msn Coord Msn Coord

Air Crew Air Crew Air Crew Air Crew

DCGSDCGSArmy TOC

Army TOC

DCGSDCGSMarineTOC

MarineTOC DCGSDCGSSOF

TOCSOFTOC DCGSDCGSSOF

TOCSOFTOC

LRELRECAOCCAOC

Operations Center Manages sortie generation

and crew assignment Provides msn comm and

situational awareness (SA) to mission crews

Distributes video andtactical data link tracks

Provides weather and intel support to msns

Supports aircraft emergencies andmsn retaskings

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Global Operations Concept

Distributed OperationsCentrally Coordinated

Globally Applied

ND ANGMQ-1

TX ANGMQ-1

NY ANGMQ-9

CA ANGMQ-1

AZ ANGMQ-1

42 ATKS

39 Sq (UK)

MQ-9

15, 17 RS, 3rd SOSMQ-1

Global

Operations Center

Global

Operations Center

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Consolidation and Allocation of Critical Resources

AOR 1

GlobalOperations

Center

AOR 2

AOR 3Global Ops Center Matches dispersed

resources to multiple combatant forces

Preset allocations andalignment for normal ops

Rapid reallocation for weather, equipment failures, combat surge needs

Multi-Aircraft Control Station run from ops center to feed aircraft to flying units near the target area Geographically Separated Stateside units

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Predator Self Image

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From Galileo to Predator

1609-Galileo discovers moons of Jupiter

1655-Lens used to discover Titan

2006-MTS-B Sensor

Development of UASs will be a long and difficult process too!

But we must lead the way.

Development of UASs will be a long and difficult process too!

But we must lead the way.

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Why UAS?

Missions That Are

DullDirty

Dangerous

WasMissions That Need

Now

IntegrationCollaborationPersistence

Tied-InTeamed-UpTenacious

Tied-InTeamed-UpTenacious

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Concepts in Automation

The mission drives the automation design Automate to EMPOWER not replace aircrew Autonomous = BAD, Highly Automated = Good Hybrid Multi-Aircraft Control

Multi-control for low-dynamic periods Single-control for high-dynamic periods

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High Altitude ISR

Example Scenario Image predefined targets Occasional ad hoc targets Altitude above 60,000 ft

Ideal for Automation Objectives clear and consistent Above most weather, other

aircraft, mobile threats

Ideal for Automation Objectives clear and consistent Above most weather, other

aircraft, mobile threats

Notional: Real-world environments and missions can be much more complex

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Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses

Example Scenario Electronically detect and classify

threat systems Predefined search area Predefined rule set for

prioritizing and targeting

But impacted by WX, other aircraft, threats Airspace control and WX

reporting not yet automated all the way to the aircraft Challenging for Automation

Many aspects can be automated, but some

still cannot

Challenging for AutomationMany aspects can be automated, but some

still cannot

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Close Air Support

Example Scenario Fluid ground environment Continually changing objectives Difficult to ID friendly, enemy,

and non-combatant Airspace and weapons

deconfliction is complex Coordination by voice Results proportional to

performance, division of attention can cost lives

Resistant to AutomationVery difficult environment to

codify

Resistant to AutomationVery difficult environment to

codify

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Networked Multi-Aircraft Control

Networked-ControlAllows all aircraft to be monitored and controlled from one or more “Multi-Aircraft Control Stations” (MACS) and rapidly switch to the Advanced Cockpit Control Station

One Mind-One MissionThe Advanced Cockpit provides an immersive environment providing full control of one or more aircraft coordinating on a single mission.

Multi-Aircraft ManagerA pilot who controls multiple aircraft en route to and from targets and manages static/ autonomous missions.

Network Server

Multi-Aircraft Control Stations

Advanced CockpitControl Stations

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AutomatedMission Integration

Automation is not just for aircraft ctrl, but for mission management too Information is life! Build a virtual battlespace Info fusion--multiple domains, multiple security levels

PredatorOperations

Center

Synthesis

VideoDistribution

GroundForces

Voice RadioROVER Video

Weather

Threats

Blue Forces

Msn Assignment

Msn Coord

Target Coord

Airspace Coord

Scheduling

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Automation Conclusions

The Mission Drives the Automation One Mind – One Mission Automate to Empower not Displace Just say “No” to Autonomy Information is Life Network, Network, Network

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Questions?

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Apr 22, 2023

Concepts for Multi-Aircraft Control

Cooperative Engagement

Benign Ops Manager

Swarm

One

to M

any

One to Many O

ne to

Man

y