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Transcript of masonry third lecture
Materials in Masonry
Construction
Third Lecture
Masonry Construction
March 2013
1
Decreto Ministeriale 14 gennaio 2008:
Norme Tecniche per le Costruzioni – NTC2008
Circolare 617-09:
Istruzioni per l’applicazione delle
“Norme tecniche per le costruzioni”
di cui al D.M. 14 gennaio 2008
EN 1996 - Eurocodice 6 EN 1996
Reference codes:
Capitolo 4 – Costruzioni civili e industriali
Sezione 4.5 – Costruzioni di muratura
Capitolo 7 – Progettazione per azioni sismiche
Sezione 7.8 – Costruzioni di muratura
Capitolo 8 – Costruzioni esistenti
Sezione 8.7– Valutazione e progettazione in presenza di azioni sismiche
Paragrafo 8.7.1 Costruzioni in muratura
Capitolo 11 – Materiali e prodotti per uso strutturale
Sezione 11.10 – Muratura portante
Parti delle NTC 2008 relativi alle costruzioni in muratura:
Masonry is the assemblage of units properly bonded with mortar .
What is masonry?
Basic Components of Masonry:
� units
� mortar
� grout
� accessory materials
Types of Bricks
The quality and characteristics of masonry products are directly and exclusively
determined by the raw materials and methods of manufacture used in their
production. A basic introduction to this aspect of masonry will aid in understanding
the finished products and how they may best be used in specific design applications.
� CONCRETE MASONRY
� Clay bricks
Concrete Masonry
Discovery of Portland cement cause the development of modular concrete masonry.
The first production were heavy, unwieldy and poorly adaptable units but later
inventions in molding of cement ingredients into large blocks produce a bright new
material.
Concrete masonry today is made from a relatively dry mix of cementitious materials,
aggregates, water, and occasionally special admixtures.
Concrete Masonry
Lecablocco is a small component of Leca concrete that is used different elemnts of
masonry construction. .
LECA stands for Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregate. It is clay fired at a fairly high
temperature. Leca is an inert granular lightweight, insulating, resistant.
Clay Bricks
Clay is the final product of the chemical alteration over long periods of time of the less
stable minerals in rock.
Clays are basically compounds of silica and alumina with varying amounts of metallic
oxides and other minor ingredients and impurities.
Clay is produced by suitable blend of clay and water.
Design, workmanship and material are the important elements of proficiency in
masonry construction and also, quality and characteristics of raw material and
methods of production.
light color bricks (salmons) indicate low temperature in burning (under burning)
which cause high porosity and absorption but low strength and durability and
resistance to abrasion And dark color bricks (clinker) are the results of over
burning and they have high compressive strength and abrasion resistance and
resistance to freezing and thawing and reduction in absorption.
Clays may be calcareous or non- calcareous which both of them are hydrous
aluminum silicates. around 15% calcium carbonate in calcareous clays cause
yellow color brick during firing.
The oxide inside the non-calcareous clay, from 2to 25%, produce a buff to a pink o
red color brick.
Clay Bricks
� Forming
� Drying
� Burning
� Drawing and Storage
Manufacturing of Clay bricks
� solid
� solid with frog
� Perforated
� hollow
� cellular
Shapes of the bricks
Shapes of the Bricks
Mortar is the medium which binds together the individual structural units to create
a continuous structural form e.g. brickwork, stonework etc. Mortar serves a number
of functions in masonry construction:
� distribute the pressures evenly throughout the individual units
� bind together the individual units
� infill the joints between the units and hence increase the resistance to moisture
penetration
Mortar
Present day mortars are specifically manufactured to suit the type of construction
involved. In most cases they are mixtures of :
Mortar
� Sand
� Cement
� lime
� Water
Properties of mortars