Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD
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Transcript of Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD
ISCRAM 2009
Information Management for Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPADCrisis Response in WORKPAD
Alessandro Faraotti1, Antonella Poggi2, Berardino Salvatore3, Guido Vetere1
(1) IBM Center for Advanced Studies of Rome
(2) Università di Roma "La Sapienza" Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica "Antonio Ruberti"
(3) IBM Rome Solutions Lab
6th International Conference on Information Systemsfor Crisis Response and Management, Gothenburg, SwedenMay 10th – 13th 2009
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Project summaryProject summary• EU SPECIFIC TARGETED RESEARCH OR INNOVATION PROJECT
(STREP) - FP6-2005-IST-5-034749• An Adaptive Peer-to-Peer Software Infrastructure for Supporting
Collaborative Work of Human Operators in Emergency/Disaster Scenarios
• Consortium Università degli Studi di Roma LA SAPIENZA Università degli Studi di Roma TOR VERGATA IBM Center for Advanced Studies of Rome Salzburg Research TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN APIF MOVIQUITY S.A. SOFTWARE 602 A.S. Research Regione Calabria – Protezione Civile
• Start date: Sept. 2006• Duration: 36 months
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GoalsGoals• Enhance current crisis response IT
infrastructures by developing an open innovative platform (middleware, software, models)
• Support collaborative work of autonomous, decentralized organizations, with both field and back office forces, in a powerful, flexible and yet (hopefully) simple way
• Reach a better understanding of key problems of information integration\exchange for crisis management, and drive further research
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OperativeControl Room
State of the Art (Italy)State of the Art (Italy)
CentralControl Room
CoordinationCenter
CoordinationCenter
OperatingCenter
OperatingCenter
OperatingCenter
OperatingCenter
Coordination
Com
man
dProvides
information integration &
exchange
Collects data, plans and
coordinates operations
Interfaces operating
organizations
OperativeControl Room
OperativeControl Room
Hierarchical, unstructured IT information flows
Few or noIT
Few or noinformation flows
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RequirementsRequirements• To effectively manage crises, many different organizations (fire
brigades, red cross, army, volunteers, etc) must reach a high degree of coordination by timely exchange meaningful information
• Response organizations have to manage unpredictable situations, re-adjust priorities, collect information from multiple sources and evaluate them, receive and transmit orders
• Because of complexity, integration cannot be completely designed and implemented before real crises occur: “the value of planning decreases with the increase of the events' complexity” (Caesar Augustus)
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Working HypothesesWorking Hypotheses
Peer to peer networking provides better robustness, dependability, adaptability, and flexibility No dependence on centralized infrastructures Systems can dynamically enter and leave the network
Integration must be achieved by mapping heterogeneous conceptualizations No semantic standards (shared ontologies) in place
Critical updates must be notified to potentially interested parties
Asynchronous, query-time data integration is not enough Need to supplement it with event-handling capabilities
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The Proposed The Proposed ArchitectureArchitecture
CentralControl Room
CoordinationCenter
OperatingCenter
OperativeControl Room
OperatingCenter
CoordinationCenter
CoordinationCenter
OperativeControl Room
OperatingCenter
P2P semantically integrated network to be dynamically set-up for inter-organization coordination purposes
BACK-END NETWORK
MANET
MANET
MANET
Mobile ad-hoc networks of
devices
Reliable BE-FE link
Mobile ad-hoc networks of
devicesFRONT-END NETWORK
FRONT-END NETWORK
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P2P semantic integrationP2P semantic integration• Centralized information integration systems based on mediators provide:
Ontology (global view) Mappings of O with source DB schemes (GAV, LAV, GLAV) Certain answers over the first-order structure O+M+DB(s)
• In P2P environments, each system (peer) acts both as source and mediator
First-order semantics is inadequate (as long as mapping is free) [Halevy & al, 03]
Need to resort on multi-modal (epistemic) logic [Calvanese & al, 03] Main issues
Decidability, tractability
Logical soundness & completeness
Network-wide naming
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1. Each node exports an ontology (UML, DL-Lite, OWL2-QL)● City is_a Place(NAME)
2. Semantic mappings (GAV) with data sources are established● CAPITAL(ID) → City(lookup(ID))● TOWN(NM) → City(lookup(NM))
3. Individual terms are mapped by specific functions (e.g. string manipulation, lookup) 4. Queries are conjunctions expressed in terms of ontology concepts● x,y | Place(x), NAME(x,y)
5. Queries get reformulated in terms of source schemes or other ontologies, based on mappings
How WORKPAD’s semantic How WORKPAD’s semantic integration works \ 1integration works \ 1
WS oontntololoogygymanifesmanifestt
DB
manifesmanifestt
mappingsmappings
reasoning & query mgrnotification mgr
conjunctive query
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6. Suitable sub-queries are propagated to wrapped information sources, either local or remote7. Consistency of local data is up to local DBMS8. Network data items get integrated based on a “doxastic approach” [Vetere & al, 08]● No direct “knowledge transfer”● Knowledge integration rules● Reasoning on data provenance and majorities
9.Updates are propagated through a publish-subscribe mechanism● Notifications of updates may be used to optimize
data access or raise alerts
How WORKPAD’s semantic How WORKPAD’s semantic integration works \ 2integration works \ 2
WS oontntololoogygymanifesmanifestt
DB
manifesmanifestt
mappingsmappings
reasoning & query mgrnotification mgr
conjunctive query
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More on notification More on notification managementmanagement• WORKPAD peers should support a specific subscription service
• Any client (either a WORKPAD peer P or an external application) that is interested in receiving updates from a peer P', must implement a specific notification endpoint, which P' will use when notifying updates
• Subscription topics are defined with respect to the publisher’s ontology (concept, role, and attributes)
• WORKPAD prototypical implementation provides own point-to-point notification capabilities, with basic features such as message persistence, delivery and retry
• Event management infrastructures can be leveraged if available
subscribe
notify
mappingsmappings notification mgr
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Inside a WORKPAD PeerInside a WORKPAD Peer
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How to set up a PeerHow to set up a Peer
1. Pick up an ontology and extend it if needed, or develop a new one
2. Map it with your local DBMS
3. Identify other peers
4. Map other peers' ontologies with the local one
5. Subscribe for updates you are interest in
6. Iterate on previous steps if needed
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ConclusionConclusion• WORKPAD information platform is designed to semantically integrate control
rooms, headquarters, civil protection organizations in a P2P way Simple, robust, dependable, standards-based framework Decentralized semantic integration Endpoint based event handling
• What we achieved
A better understanding of crisis related information management A formal framework including new paradigms of Information Integration A prototypical running implementation based on Web Services
• What we plan
Refine the formal framework Refine the implementation to provide an industrial-strength solution Provide a concrete roll-out
ISCRAM 2009
ThanksThanks
More details: IEEE Internet Computing, January/February 2008 (Vol. 12, No. 1) pp. 26-37
WORKPADWORKPADwww.workpad-project.euwww.workpad-project.eu