Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD

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ISCRAM 2009 Information Management for Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD Crisis Response in WORKPAD Alessandro Faraotti 1 , Antonella Poggi 2 , Berardino Salvatore 3 , Guido Vetere 1 (1) IBM Center for Advanced Studies of Rome (2) Università di Roma "La Sapienza" Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica "Antonio Ruberti" (3) IBM Rome Solutions Lab 6th International Conference on Information Systems for Crisis Response and Management, Gothenburg, Sweden May 10th – 13th 2009
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WORKPAD (EU STREP project FP6-2005-IST-5-034749) is an experimental platform for Crisis Response which adopts a decentralized, event-driven approach to overcome problems and limitations of centralized information integration systems.

Transcript of Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD

Page 1: Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPAD

ISCRAM 2009

Information Management for Information Management for Crisis Response in WORKPADCrisis Response in WORKPAD

Alessandro Faraotti1, Antonella Poggi2, Berardino Salvatore3, Guido Vetere1

(1) IBM Center for Advanced Studies of Rome

(2) Università di Roma "La Sapienza" Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica "Antonio Ruberti"

(3) IBM Rome Solutions Lab

6th International Conference on Information Systemsfor Crisis Response and Management, Gothenburg, SwedenMay 10th – 13th 2009

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Project summaryProject summary• EU SPECIFIC TARGETED RESEARCH OR INNOVATION PROJECT

(STREP) - FP6-2005-IST-5-034749• An Adaptive Peer-to-Peer Software Infrastructure for Supporting

Collaborative Work of Human Operators in Emergency/Disaster Scenarios

• Consortium Università degli Studi di Roma LA SAPIENZA Università degli Studi di Roma TOR VERGATA IBM Center for Advanced Studies of Rome Salzburg Research TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITAET WIEN APIF MOVIQUITY S.A. SOFTWARE 602 A.S. Research Regione Calabria – Protezione Civile

• Start date: Sept. 2006• Duration: 36 months

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GoalsGoals• Enhance current crisis response IT

infrastructures by developing an open innovative platform (middleware, software, models)

• Support collaborative work of autonomous, decentralized organizations, with both field and back office forces, in a powerful, flexible and yet (hopefully) simple way

• Reach a better understanding of key problems of information integration\exchange for crisis management, and drive further research

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OperativeControl Room

State of the Art (Italy)State of the Art (Italy)

CentralControl Room

CoordinationCenter

CoordinationCenter

OperatingCenter

OperatingCenter

OperatingCenter

OperatingCenter

Coordination

Com

man

dProvides

information integration &

exchange

Collects data, plans and

coordinates operations

Interfaces operating

organizations

OperativeControl Room

OperativeControl Room

Hierarchical, unstructured IT information flows

Few or noIT

Few or noinformation flows

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RequirementsRequirements• To effectively manage crises, many different organizations (fire

brigades, red cross, army, volunteers, etc) must reach a high degree of coordination by timely exchange meaningful information

• Response organizations have to manage unpredictable situations, re-adjust priorities, collect information from multiple sources and evaluate them, receive and transmit orders

• Because of complexity, integration cannot be completely designed and implemented before real crises occur: “the value of planning decreases with the increase of the events' complexity” (Caesar Augustus)

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Working HypothesesWorking Hypotheses

Peer to peer networking provides better robustness, dependability, adaptability, and flexibility No dependence on centralized infrastructures Systems can dynamically enter and leave the network

Integration must be achieved by mapping heterogeneous conceptualizations No semantic standards (shared ontologies) in place

Critical updates must be notified to potentially interested parties

Asynchronous, query-time data integration is not enough Need to supplement it with event-handling capabilities

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The Proposed The Proposed ArchitectureArchitecture

CentralControl Room

CoordinationCenter

OperatingCenter

OperativeControl Room

OperatingCenter

CoordinationCenter

CoordinationCenter

OperativeControl Room

OperatingCenter

P2P semantically integrated network to be dynamically set-up for inter-organization coordination purposes

BACK-END NETWORK

MANET

MANET

MANET

Mobile ad-hoc networks of

devices

Reliable BE-FE link

Mobile ad-hoc networks of

devicesFRONT-END NETWORK

FRONT-END NETWORK

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P2P semantic integrationP2P semantic integration• Centralized information integration systems based on mediators provide:

Ontology (global view) Mappings of O with source DB schemes (GAV, LAV, GLAV) Certain answers over the first-order structure O+M+DB(s)

• In P2P environments, each system (peer) acts both as source and mediator

First-order semantics is inadequate (as long as mapping is free) [Halevy & al, 03]

Need to resort on multi-modal (epistemic) logic [Calvanese & al, 03] Main issues

Decidability, tractability

Logical soundness & completeness

Network-wide naming

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1. Each node exports an ontology (UML, DL-Lite, OWL2-QL)● City is_a Place(NAME)

2. Semantic mappings (GAV) with data sources are established● CAPITAL(ID) → City(lookup(ID))● TOWN(NM) → City(lookup(NM))

3. Individual terms are mapped by specific functions (e.g. string manipulation, lookup) 4. Queries are conjunctions expressed in terms of ontology concepts● x,y | Place(x), NAME(x,y)

5. Queries get reformulated in terms of source schemes or other ontologies, based on mappings

How WORKPAD’s semantic How WORKPAD’s semantic integration works \ 1integration works \ 1

WS oontntololoogygymanifesmanifestt

DB

manifesmanifestt

mappingsmappings

reasoning & query mgrnotification mgr

conjunctive query

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6. Suitable sub-queries are propagated to wrapped information sources, either local or remote7. Consistency of local data is up to local DBMS8. Network data items get integrated based on a “doxastic approach” [Vetere & al, 08]● No direct “knowledge transfer”● Knowledge integration rules● Reasoning on data provenance and majorities

9.Updates are propagated through a publish-subscribe mechanism● Notifications of updates may be used to optimize

data access or raise alerts

How WORKPAD’s semantic How WORKPAD’s semantic integration works \ 2integration works \ 2

WS oontntololoogygymanifesmanifestt

DB

manifesmanifestt

mappingsmappings

reasoning & query mgrnotification mgr

conjunctive query

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More on notification More on notification managementmanagement• WORKPAD peers should support a specific subscription service

• Any client (either a WORKPAD peer P or an external application) that is interested in receiving updates from a peer P', must implement a specific notification endpoint, which P' will use when notifying updates

• Subscription topics are defined with respect to the publisher’s ontology (concept, role, and attributes)

• WORKPAD prototypical implementation provides own point-to-point notification capabilities, with basic features such as message persistence, delivery and retry

• Event management infrastructures can be leveraged if available

subscribe

notify

mappingsmappings notification mgr

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Inside a WORKPAD PeerInside a WORKPAD Peer

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How to set up a PeerHow to set up a Peer

1. Pick up an ontology and extend it if needed, or develop a new one

2. Map it with your local DBMS

3. Identify other peers

4. Map other peers' ontologies with the local one

5. Subscribe for updates you are interest in

6. Iterate on previous steps if needed

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ConclusionConclusion• WORKPAD information platform is designed to semantically integrate control

rooms, headquarters, civil protection organizations in a P2P way Simple, robust, dependable, standards-based framework Decentralized semantic integration Endpoint based event handling

• What we achieved

A better understanding of crisis related information management A formal framework including new paradigms of Information Integration A prototypical running implementation based on Web Services

• What we plan

Refine the formal framework Refine the implementation to provide an industrial-strength solution Provide a concrete roll-out

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ThanksThanks

More details: IEEE Internet Computing, January/February 2008 (Vol. 12, No. 1)   pp. 26-37

WORKPADWORKPADwww.workpad-project.euwww.workpad-project.eu