Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
of 12
-
Upload
enrica-portas -
Category
Documents
-
view
233 -
download
0
Transcript of Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
1/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E ;
LkmmCi~jva kmmj Ia`kvdbcj
@kca`kmcDa` mk eavikca`j ljmmj ~vcij tamclj Ia`kvdbcj mjvk ljm
Ijlcajua t|kuk ~jv da`dmzljvtc
Ejljvcda C- ic`ck|zvk lk z` ik`atdvc||a ljm ;;22- Fcfmca|jdk Uk|cdk`k
K dzvk lc?
J`vcdk ^av|kt
CCC E
Mcdja Tdcj`|cecda H. Fva|z
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
2/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 6
C`lcdj?
Dk~c|ama 4LkmmCi~jva kmmj Ia`kvdbcj @kca`kmc
4.; Ejljvcda C lc Tujuck
4.6 C``adj`a CCC
4.4 Mk dvadck|k da`|va Dat|k`|c`a~amc
4.< Cm da`|vkt|a |vk C`hbcm|jvvk j Evk`dck4.: Mj da`tjhzj`j lc Fazuc`jt c` Evk`dck
4.5 Mj da`tjhzj`j lc Fazuc`jt c` C`hbcm|jvvk
4.8 Mk `ktdc|k ljm ^kvmkij`|a
4.2 Mj da`tjhzj`j lc Fazuc`jt `jm Tkdva Vaik`a Ci~jva Hjvik`cda
4.3 Mk da`djca`j ~amc|cdk lc Ejljvcda CC
4.;> Tda`ec||k j iav|j lc Ejljvcda CC
Hkmmjvck lc ciikhc`c? Ejljvcda CC
\kfjmmk Hzjvvj
Fcfmcahvkeck
Tc|ahvkeck
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
3/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 4
4.; EJLJVCDA C LC TUJUCK
La~a mk iav|j ljmmci~jvk|avj J`vcda U `jm ;;6:- jffjva
c`cca-kmmc`|jv`a ljm vjh`a- uj`|cdc`{zj k``c lc ma||j j hzjvvj dcucmc evk
lzj hvk`lc dktk|j ejzlkmc? {zjmmk lc Fkucjvk- c dzc tjhzkdc ezva`a
dbckik|c Hzjmec "lk Xjme- dk~at|c~c|j ljmmk ekca`j# j {zjmmk lc Tujuck
ljhmc Babj`t|kzej`- dbj kujuk`a daij tat|j`c|avc c Hbcfjmmc`c "lk
Xjcfmc`hj`- z` dkt|jmma ljmmk dktk tujuk#. C da`|vkt|c tc dkmikva`a tama
da` mk tkmc|k km |va`a lc Ejljvcda C Lc Tujuck- lj||a cm Fkvfkvattk lkm
damavj ljmmk fkvfk- `jm ;;:6. Jttj`la echmca lc ~klvj hbcfjmmc`a j
iklvj hzjmek- aeevcuk mj ikhhcavc hkvk`cj lc ~a|jv ~kdcecdkvj mj lzj
~kv|c kuujvtj. Cm tza ~vahvkiik jvk lc vcavhk`ckvj mci~jva j lc
vjt|kzvkvj mkz|avc|w ci~jvckmj- kz|avc|w dbj `jmmzm|cia ija tjdama
jvk ljdklz|k tck c` Hjvik`ck dbj c` C|kmck- |k`|a dbj {zjt|k jvk lcuj`|k|k z` |jvvc|avca ~jvcejvcda- `a` ~c ci~av|k`|j- ljmm ci~jva.
Cm ~k~k|a j mj dc||w tc keejvikuk`a daij daiz`c- |a|kmij`|j c`lc~j`lj`|c lkmmci~jva j da` ~va~vcj mjhhc. \z||a dc k Ejljvcda
k~~kvcuk daij z`k ujvk j ~va~vck ztzv~kca`j ljm ~a|jvj tauvk`a k~~kv|j`j`|j tama kmmci~jvk|avj7 cm tza ~vahj||a jvk lc
vc~vj`ljvj ta||a da`|vamma mj dc|| c|kmck`j- da` mj mava vctavtj laikvj mj vcuam|j ljc ejzlk|kvc ci~a`j`la mk tzk uama`| c` Hjvik`ck
j vcz`cecdkvj mci~jva. ^jvdc @jm ;;:2 tdjtj c` C|kmck k Va`dkhmck "~vjtta ^ckdj`k# j c` z`kttjifmjk ~vjtj`ck|k lk tch`avc
ejzlkmc "mk Lcj|k lc Va`dkhmck#- vcuj`lcd c lcvc||c ljm vj- mj vjhkmj- "`aic`k ljc ikhct|vk|c- vctdattca`j ljc lkc- da`ck|zvk lc
ia`j|j# dbj c daiz`c kujuk`a ztzv~k|a j laujuk`a vjt|c|zcvj km vj. [zjt|k vjt|c|zca`j ez avlc`k|k da` mk Da`t|c|z|ca lj
vjhkmcfzt"Dat|c|zca`j ljmmj vjhkmj#- ij`|vj da` mk Dat|c|zca`j
~jv mk ~kdjez ucj|k|k ah`c hzjvvk c`|jv`k. Mj dc|| dbj tc
vcfjmmkuk`a ec`cuk`a da` mjttjvj vktj km tzama "daij Dvjik `jm;;5> j Icmk`a `jm ;;56#. Mk ~vcik tda`ec||k ljm Fkvfkvattk tc bk k
Mjh`k`a lk ~kv|j ljmmk Mjhk Maifkvlk- dakmcca`j ljc ~vc`dc~kmc
daiz`c ljm `avl C|kmck `jm ;;85 lauj cm vj ez dat|vj||a k da`djljvj
zeecdckmij`|j mkz|a`aick kc daiz`c "mk ^kdj lc Dat|k`k `jm
;;24#. Lc ek||a `a` dc ez z` ujva uc`dc|avj |vk c daiz`c j
mci~jvk|avj. Ejljvcda C iav kmmj|w lc 8> k``c ij`|vj k||vkujvtkuk
z` eczij c` Ktck Ic`avj.
Fk||khmck lc Mjh`k`a
Tckia |vk cm RCC jl cm RCCC `jm ~cj`a ljmmj ma||j |vk Ci~jva j^k~k|a. Mk iav|j lc J`vcda U lc Tujuck tdk|j` z`k ma||k
~jv mk tzddjttca`j kl Ci~jvk|avj. Cm ~k~k ~vadmki daij
`zaua ci~jvk|avj A||a`j CU lc Fkucjvk j ~ac Ejljvcda
CC. Lzj Ci~jvk|avc {zc`lc lzj ekca`c? dbc jvk ~jv A||a`j
CU lcuj``j Hzjmea j dbc ~jv Ejljvcda CC lcuj``j Hbcfjmmc`a.
Ik mk lct|c`ca`j |vk Hzjmec j Hbcfjmmc`c `a` tc mcic| km
~kv|c|a ljm ^k~k a ljmm(Ci~jvk|avj. Iam|c jt~a`j`|c ljm
Dmjva ezva`a Hbcfjmmc`c ij`|vj lcujvtc Ci~jvk|avc ezva`a-
`jc ek||c- Hzjmec. Dat |vk c hvk`lc Hzjmec \atdk`c vcdavlckia
mk ekichmck ljcFza`ljmia`|cj mk dktk|k ljcIjlcdc-ij`|vj
|vk c Hbcfjmmc`c c ujtdauc lcKvja "\kvmk|c jl Zfjv|c`c# c
Da`|c Hzclc "Hzcla @aujmma |vk |z||c# j mk ekichmck ljhmc
Zfjv|c fj` vk~~vjtj`|k|k lkm ekiata Ekvc`k|k ljhmc
Zfjv|c. Tj z`k dc|| jvk Hzjmek |c~cdkij`|j "Ecvj`j- Mzddk#
mj tzj `jicdbj jvk`a Hbcfjmmc`j "Tcj`k- Kvja- ^ctk#.Hvk`lc t|avcj tc ta`a tucmz~~k|j |vk Hbcfjmmc`c j Hzjmec k
~kv|cvj lkmmk |k`|a vkdda`|k|k |vj hcav`c lc Dk`attk ec`a kmmk
ec`j ljmmk dktk|k lc Tujuck da` mk ljdk~c|kca`j tzmmk ~ckk
ljm ijvdk|a lc @k~amc ljm hcauk`jDavvklc`a lc Tujuck.
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Buondelmonti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Buondelmonti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Buondelmonti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Medici%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Medici%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Medici%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tarlati%20nell%E2%80%99Enciclopedia%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tarlati%20nell%E2%80%99Enciclopedia%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tarlati%20nell%E2%80%99Enciclopedia%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ubertini%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ubertini%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guidi%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guidi%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guido%20Novello%20Guidi%20in%20Dizionario%20Biografico%20%E2%80%93%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guido%20Novello%20Guidi%20in%20Dizionario%20Biografico%20%E2%80%93%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guido%20Novello%20Guidi%20in%20Dizionario%20Biografico%20%E2%80%93%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Farinata%20degli%20Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Farinata%20degli%20Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Farinata%20degli%20Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Corradino%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Corradino%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Corradino%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Corradino%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Farinata%20degli%20Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Farinata%20degli%20Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Uberti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guido%20Novello%20Guidi%20in%20Dizionario%20Biografico%20%E2%80%93%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Guidi%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ubertini%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tarlati%20nell%E2%80%99Enciclopedia%20Treccani.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Medici%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Buondelmonti%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20V%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htm -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
4/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E - m(ci~jvk|avj
Ejljvcda C kujuk |am|a cm Lzdk|a lc Fkucjvk kJ`vcda cm Mja`j.
@jm ;;25 ejdj t~atkvj cm echmca J`vcda UC da` Dat|k`k
l(Km|kucmmk- jvjlj km |va`a `avik``a lc Tcdcmck. @jm ;;28 cm vj
ljmmJhc||a Tkmklc`a ~vjtj Hjvztkmjiij j tc ~j`tkuk kmma
teadckvj ljmmk |jvk dvadck|k- ik cm ~k~k tc a~~atj. J`vcda UC
`jm evk||ji~a kujuk c`hvk`lc|a cm tza ci~jva? kmmk Hjvik`ck
khhcz`tj cm vjh`a lc Tcdcmck. Cm ~k~k C``adj`a CCCtc kmmkvi
tzfc|a ~jvdb kujuk lkuk`|c z` tauvk`a da` z` j`avij
~a|jvj j dk~kdj lc ta||aij||jvj cm ~k~k|a. J`vcda ~jv `a` ez
vj iam|a k mz`ha ~jvdb iav ci~vauuctkij`|j `jm ;;38- k
46 k``c- mktdck`la mci~jva km echmca Ejljvcda CClc tamc 6 k``c.
C``adj`a CCCez z`a ljc ~c hvk`lc ~k~c ljm Ijlcajua7 jhmc
tc da`tcljvkuk cm dk~a t~cvc|zkmj- km {zkmj jvk tzfavlc`k|a
k`dbj cm ~a|jvj |ji~avkmj. C``adj`a c`ek||c jvk da`uc`|a
ljmmkttamz|k tz~jvcavc|w ljm ~k~k vct~j||a kmmci~jvk|avj- |jtc
tat|j`z|k k`dbj lk Fjv`kvla lc Dbckvkukmmj. Cm ~k~k
vk~~vjtj`|k`|j lc Dvct|a tzmmk |jvvk j lk Lca kujuk vcdjuz|a j`|vkifc c ~a|jvc- t~cvc|zkmj j |ji~avkmj "\javck ljmmj lzj T~klj#. Da`
C``adj`a CCC mk Dbcjtk vkhhcz`tj m(k~cdj ljmmk tzk ~a|j`k. C`ek||c cm ~a`|jecdj kujuk mk ~cj`jk ljc ~a|jvc- c` ah`c dki~a j
kifc|a.
@jmmk ma||k ~jv mk tzddjttca`j kmmk dkvcdk ci~jvckmj la~a mk iav|j lc J`vcda UC- tavtjva `zaukij`|j tda`|vc |vk Hzjmec j Hbcfjmmc`c.
Cm ~k~k ~vjtj ~atcca`j ~jv cm hzjmeaA||a`j lc Fvz`txcdg da`|vaEcmc~~a lc Tujuck- tat|j`j`la mk tz~jvcavc| ljmm(kz|avc| t~cvc|zkmj
j cm lcvc||a ljm ~k~k lc hczlcdkvj m(cla`jc| ljmm(ci~jvk|avj. A||a`j CU lcuj``j vj `jm ;6>3- ~vaij||j`la km ~k~k lc `a` z`cvj ikc mk
dava`k ci~jvckmj k {zjmmk lc Tcdcmck.
Cm Tkmklc`a `kd{zj k Fkmfjjg- c` Mcfk`a- `jm ;;42 lk Ksszf- cm haujv`k|avj lc avchc`j dzvlk ljmmk dc||. Ujva
`aij Tkmkb km)Lc` Sztze cf` Ksszf tzm|k`a lc Jhc||a ";;8;);;34# j Tcvck ";;8
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
5/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E :
4.4 MK DVADCK\K DA@\VA DAT\K@\C@A^AMC
Kmmk ec`j ljm RCC tjdama- ^k~k C``adj`a CCC kdda`tj`| kmmk
[zkv|k Dvadck|k- da` mafcj||cua lc vcda`{zct|kvj Hjvztkmjiij.Kmmk t~jlcca`j- lcvj||k ujvta Avcj`|j j ujvta c ~kjtc fkm|cdc-
~kv|jdc~kva`a c ejzlk|kvc evk`djtc- c|kmck`c j |jljtdbc. C dvadck|c
ljdctjva lc ~kv|cvj lk Uj`jck ~jv tjvucvtc ljmmk tzk ema||k?
mc`|j`ca`j jvk {zjmmk lc da`{zct|kvj Hjvztkmjiij la~a kujv
addz~k|a mJhc||a. Ik Uj`jck- dbj kujuk a||cic vk~~av|c
daiijvdckmc da` hmc jhcck`c- vcztd k lcvchjvmc da` mc`hk``a
da`|va mk vcukmj Fctk`ca |vkj`la`j z` zm|jvcavj uk`|khhca
jda`aicda. C dvadck|c- c`ek||c- dbj `a` kujuk`a lj`kva tzeecdcj`|j
~jv ~khkvj cm uckhhca- kddamtjva mk ~va~at|k lc ~vjt|kvj kcz|a kc
uj`jck`c ~jv mk da`{zct|k ljmmk dc|| lc _kvk- k~~kv|j`j`|j km vjdk||amcda lZ`hbjvck. C`lch`k|a lkmmjuamujvtc ljmmk tc|zkca`j-
C``adj`a CCC tdaiz`cd c dvadck|c- ik tzfc|a la~a da`djttj cm ~jvla`a `jmmk t~jvk`k dbj daifk||jttjva da`|va c |zvdbc. @jm
;6>< Dat|k`|c`a~amc ez da`{zct|k|k j tkddbjhhck|k. Mk dc|| lc Uj`jck ez iam|a kuuk`|khhck|k- da`{zct|k`la Dvj|k j z`k ~kv|j
ljmmk Hvjdck.
La~a mk [zkv|k Dvadck|k- c` Evk`dck j C`hbcm|jvvk- tavtjva ljc ~kv|cdamkvc iaucij`|c ~a~amkvc- mj Dvadck|j ljc Fkifc`c. Jvk`a ljmmj
t~jlcca`c ~jv mcfjvkvj mk \jvvktk`|k- dai~cz|j lk klamjtdj`|c- c` hvk` ~kv|j ~kt|avjmmc ek`k|ck|c lkm hj`jvkmj dmcik icmmj`kvct|cda
ljmm(j~adk. Tc tuamtjva kmij`a |vj dvadck|j lc fkifc`c. Mk ~vcik- hzclk|k lkm evk`djtj;T|jek`a lc Dmasjt- vkddamtj dcvdk |vj`|kicmk
vkhkc dbj kffk`la`kva`a c ~klvc- mj iklvc- mj `z|vcdc j |z||c hmc kicdc ~jv lcvchjvtc c` ~vadjttca`j- dk`|k`la- ujvta cm
Ijlc|jvvk`ja. @a` tc tk fj`j tj ~va~vca lk {zjt|j dvadck|j dbj |vkj avchc`j ~vafkfcmij`|j mk ekiatk mjhhj`lk ljm ^ceejvkca lc
Bkijmc`. Mk ujvtca`j ~c kddvjlc|k|k {zjmmk ljmmc`ejt|kca`j ljcvk||c.
C ~cddamc ~vaej|c- fkifc`c j vkhkc lcdjuk`a lc kujvj kuz|a z`k
uctca`j djmjt|j c`emzj`k`la k`dbj c daj|k`jc k tjhzcvmc. ^j`tkuk`a
dbj {zk`la eattjva kvvcuk|c km ikvj Iat kuvjffj dvjk|a z` ukvda
~jv ~jvij||jvmc cm ~kttkhhca- daij ejdj ~jv mJtala ljhmc Jfvjc `jm
Ikv Vatta.
Mk [zkv|k Dvadck|k
Mk Dvadck|k ljc fkifc`c
;~kt|avjmma lalcdj``j ~vauj`cj`|j lkmmk dc||klc`k lc Dmasjt)tzv)mj)Macv- `jc ~vjttc ljm ucmmkhhca lc Db|jkzlz` `jmm(Avmk`t
http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloyes-sur-le-Loirhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teaudunhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orl%C3%A9anshttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orl%C3%A9anshttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orl%C3%A9anshttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teaudunhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloyes-sur-le-Loir -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
6/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 5
4.< CM DA@\VKT\A \VK C@HBCM\JVVK J EVK@DCK
\vk C`hbcm|jvvk j Evk`dck jvk c` k||a z` mz`ha da`emc||a ~jv kujvj cm da`|vamma
lc kmdz`c |jvvc|avc evk`djtc. Kmmk ec`j ljm RCC mC`hbcm|jvvk ~attjljuk {zktc
|z||j mj |jvvj ljm `avl ljmmk Evk`dck. Cm vj c`hmjtj J`vcda CC jffj ljmmj
da`emc||zkmc| da` cm ~k~k j mk dbcjtk- lcejtk lkm dk`djmmcjvj \baikt Fjdgj|-
kttkttc`k|a `jm ;88>. Tdaiz`cdk|a J`vcda CC tkm km |va`a tza echmca- Vcddkvla
Dzav lc Mja`j. Cm `zaua vj ~vjtj ~kv|j k |z||c c daifk||cij`|c c` \jvvk
Tk`|k ~jv {zjt|a cm vjh`a ez hjt|c|a lkm evk|jmma- Hcauk``c Tj`k \jvvk-
dbckik|a dat ~jvdb lkm ~klvj `a` jvjlc| kmdz` |jvvj`a.
MkFk||khmck lc Fazuc`jtcm 68 mzhmca ;6;< ez mk ~c ci~av|k`|j ljm Ijlcajua-
~jvdb tk`d mk lcuctca`j ljc |jvvc|avc ci~jvckmc. Tc tda`|vkva`a cm vj c`hmjtj
Hcauk``c Tj`k \jvvk da` cm tat|jh`a lc A||a`j CU- dk~a lc Hjvik`ck-
c`tcjij kc Eckiic`hbc j cm vj evk`djtjEcmc~~a CC. Mk fk||khmck jffj mzaha lc
Laij`cdk- cm dbj da`|vkuuj`cuk kmmk &\vjhzk lc Lca&.
A||a`j ~kv|jdc~ ~jvta`kmij`|j kmmk hzjvvk ~jvdb tdaiz`cdk|a lkm ~k~k k
dkztk lc kmdz`c da`|vkt|c. Mk tdaiz`cdk- k||a lc jt~zmtca`j lkmmk Dbcjtk-
lzvk`|j cm Ijlcajua- `a` jvk z` ek||a tamkij`|j vjmchcata- ik k`dbj
eav|jij`|j ~amc|cda- c` {zk`|a c ukttkmmc hczvkuk`a ejljm| kmm(ci~jvk|avj- ik
{zjt|a hczvkij`|a `a` jvk ~c ukmcla ujvta mj ~jvta`j tdaiz`cdk|j. [zc`lc
z` ci~jvk|avj tdaiz`cdk|a ~jvljuk "|javcdkij`|j# cm ~va~vca ~a|jvj
~amc|cda. Cm ~k~k tc a~~atj km vj lc Evk`dck- Ecmc~~a CC- {zc`lc mk ~vcik
kca`j dbj A||a`j laujuk jeej||zkvj ~jv ~a|jv jmcic`kvj mk ~va~vcktdaiz`cdk jvk |ahmcjvj cm tat|jh`a evk`djtj km ~k~k.
Mk fk||khmck jffj c`cca da` z` da`ezta tda`|va |vk mj a~~at|j dkukmmjvcj tzmm(kmk ljt|vk evk`djtj. Cm daifk||cij`|a ~c ljdctcua jffj
mzaha |vk c lzj dj`|vc7 mk ek`|jvck ljc ^kjtc Fkttc- dbj kmm(j~adk jvk mk ichmcavj jtct|j`|j- vjt~c`tj c Evk`djtc. C {zkmc ec`cva`a ~jv
lct|vzhhjvj mk dkukmmjvck eckiic`hk j k dk||zvkvj cm Da`|j lc Eck`lvk- z`a ljc dk~c ljmmk dakmcca`j. Km dj`|va ma tda`|va jvk `jm
evk||ji~a lcuj`|k|a z`k ictdbck |vk mj lzj vctjvuj lc dkukmmjvck daik`lk|j lkc lzj tauvk`c c` ~jvta`k.
Mk tjddk tda`ec||k tzfc|k lkmm(kmmjk`k ~av| k da`tjhzj`j lzvk|zvj ~jv |z||k mk t|avck jzva~jk.
Mk Fk||khmck lc Fazuc`jt
\baikt Fjdgj| `kd{zj k Ma`lvk `jm ;;;2. Mavl
Dk`djmmcjvj ljm Vjh`a l(C`hbcm|jvvk lkm ;;: da` m(kz|avckca`j ljm ~k~k
k tdaiz`cdkvj c ujtdauc dbj kujuk`a ztzv~k|a cm
tza lcvc||a l(c`dava`kca`j. J`vcda- tc vctj`|
`a|juamij`|j. Ujlj`lama c`ezvck|a- {zk||va
dkukmcjvc |j`|kva`a lc kvvjt|kvj Fjdgj| `jmmk
Dk||jlvkmjlc Dk`|jvfzvs- ik {zjt|zm|cia a~~atj
vjtct|j`k j ez kttkttc`k|a. Kddklljva icvkdamc
c`|av`a kmmk |aifk lc Fjdgj| j datc- `jm ejffvkca
;;84- Fjdgj| ez ek||a tk`|a.
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20II%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20II%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tommaso%20Becket%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tommaso%20Becket%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Giovanni%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Giovanni%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Battaglia%20di%20Bouvines%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Battaglia%20di%20Bouvines%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Battaglia%20di%20Bouvines%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Filippo%20II%20di%20Francia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Filippo%20II%20di%20Francia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Filippo%20II%20di%20Francia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellierehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellierehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_d%27Inghilterrahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1154http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1154http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_d%27Inghilterrahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellierehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cancellierehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Filippo%20II%20di%20Francia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Ottone%20IV%20di%20Brunswick-Grubenhagen%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Battaglia%20di%20Bouvines%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Giovanni%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Riccardo%20I%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Tommaso%20Becket%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Enrico%20II%20d'Inghilterra%20-%20Wikipedia.htm -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
7/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 8
4.: MJ DA@TJHZJ@_J LC FAZUC@JT C@ EVK@DCK
Cm da`emc||a ma uc`tj Ecmc~~a vj lc Evk`dck dbj ~a| kiic`ct|vkvj z` |jvvc|avca ukt|cttcia. ^jv ~a|jv jttjvj kz|avc|kvca j `a` ekvtc
ij||jvj c ~cjlc c` |jt|k lk `jttz`a- cm vj lcuj``j cm ~vc`dc~kmj Hkvk`|j ljmmk hczt|cck- ~va|j||avj ljc ~c ljfamc lc eva`|j kc ta~vztc
ljc ~a|j`|c. ^jv mk ~vcik uam|k- cm ~a|jvj ljm vj tz~jvk {zjmmk ljc tch`avc ejzlkmc.Cm vj lc Evk`dck- k`dbj tj da`|jt|k|a tzddjttcukij`|j lkc tzac ukttkmmc- `a` vctdbc ~c lc lcuj`|kvj z`
6&~vcizt c`|jv ~kvjt&- ik
kd{zct z` ~vjlaic`ca tz {zjmma dbj ~ac tkvjffj lcuj`|k|a cm |jvvc|avca evk`djtj- dbj `a` davtj ~c ~jvcdamc vjkmc ec`a km mkHzjvvk ljc
dj`|(k``c7 {zc`lc- c` ~vk|cdk- mk Fk||khmck lc Fazuc`jt ~atj mj ea`lkij`|k lc {zjmmk dbj tkvjffj lcuj`|k|k mk `kca`j evk`djtj.
Evk`dck j C`hbcm|jvvk la~a mk Fk||khmck lc Fazuc`jt
Tdbjik ljmmj dkukmmjvcj ljc lzj jtjvdc|c
6jt~vjttca`j mk|c`k "mj||jvkmij`|j tch`cecdk &~vcia |vk c ~kvc- mjt~a`j`|j lc z` hvz~~a lc ~jvta`j km tza t|jtta mcujmma j da` ~kvc lch`c|
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Guerra%20dei%20cent'anni%20-%20Wikipedia.htm -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
8/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 2
4.5 MJ DA@TJHZJ@_J LC FAZUC@JT C@ C@HBCM\JVVK
Hcauk``c Tj`k \jvvk {zk`la |av` c` C`hbcm|jvvk ez
dat|vj||a k ecvikvj cm\vk||k|a lc Dbc`a`. [zc lauj||j
keeva`|kvj c fkva`c c dzc ~attjlcij`|c c`4@avik`lck
jvk`a k`lk|c ~jvlz|c. C fkva`c k~~vaec||kva`a ljmmj
lceecdam| ljm vj j hmc tc vcfjmmkva`a da`|va7 ~jv lkvj
ia|cua kmmk vcuam|k tc k~~jmmkva`a km vk~~av|a lc
ukttkmmkhhca. Tck cm tch`avj dbj cm ukttkmma kujuk`a
ljhmc affmchbc icmc|kvc a ec`k`ckvc lk vct~j||kvj. ^jv
juc|kvj dbj cm vj ~a|jttj jeej||zkvj `zauj kca`c
da`|vkvcj km ~kvjvj ljc tzac da`tchmcjvc- Hcauk``c ez
dat|vj||a k ecvikvj mk Ikh`k Dbkv|k Mcfjv|k|zi- lk
dzc tc vc|cj`j kffck avchc`j mk ljiadvkck c`
C`hbcm|jvvk.
4.8 MK @KTDC\K LJM ^KVMKIJ@\A
MC`hbcm|jvvk `a` kujuk k`davk |vauk|a ~kdj kmmc`|jv`a ljm
vjh`a. La~a hmc zm|cic tda`|vc |vk c fkva`c j cm vj `jm ;6:2- cm
`zaua tauvk`a J`vcda CCC ez affmchk|a k da`djljvj mj
^vauuctca`c lc Areavl- z` c`tcjij lc ~vauujlcij`|c tjda`la
dzc z`k {zc`lcdc`k lc fkva`c kuvjffjva lauz|a kddai~kh`kvj
daij da`tchmcjvc j da`|vammc cm haujv`a ljm vj. [zjt|c fkva`c
dat|c|zcuk`a mkDkijvk ljc Mavlt. C ijvdk`|c j c favhbjtc `a`
`afcmc c`ujdj ekdjuk`a ~kv|j ljmmk Dkijvk ljc Daiz`c.
@kd{zj dat cm^kvmkij`|a- cm dav~a mjhctmk|cua ljmma T|k|a da`mk ez`ca`j lc k~~vaukvj mj mjhhc. Mk Baztj ae Mavlt j
mk Baztj ae Daiia`t tc vcz`ctda`a c` madkmc tj~kvk|c ljm
^kmka lc Xjt|ic`t|jv"`a|a daij &Baztjt ae
^kvmckij`|-k Ma`lvk. Mj ~vcij kttjifmjj ezva`a da`uadk|j
k Xjt|ic`t|jv lkJlakvla C. Mk dkvk||jvct|cdk ljm ^kvmkij`|a
c`hmjtj jvk dbj cm dmjva `j vcik`juk jtdmzta ~jv tzk tdjm|k-
tama ujtdauc j kfk|c ~a|juk`a ekv ~kv|j ljc Mavlt.
4vjhca`j ljm `avl)aujt| ljmmk Evk`dck- ~vauc`dck t|avcdk evk`djtj
Mk Ikh`k Dbkv|k "Ikh`k Dbkv|k Mcfjv|k|zi# z` ladzij`|a- tdvc||a
c` mk|c`a- dbj cm vj c`hmjtj Hcauk``c Tj`k\jvvk ez dat|vj||a k da`djljvj
kc fkva`c ljm Vjh`a- ~va~vc ejzlk|kvc lcvj||c- ~vjtta Vz``sijlj- cm ;:
hczh`a ;6;:. Cm vj Oab` Mkdgmk`l- dbckik|a dat ~jvdb- kmmk iav|j ljm
~klvj- `a` kujuk jvjlc|k|a kmdz` |jvvc|avca- ~jv lcej`ljvj j ~ac
vcda`{zct|kvj c ~attjlcij`|c ljc ^mk`|khj`j|c c` Evk`dck- lauj||j
c`hkhhckvj z`k hzjvvk da` cm vjh`a lc Evk`dck- ec`k`ck|k |vkic|j z`k
eav|j |kttkca`j ljc tzac fkva`c- dbj `j lj`z`dckva`a ~zffmcdkij`|j
m(kvfc|vkvcj|- tjh`kmk`la c` ~kv|cdamkvj hvkuc kfztc `jmm(k~~mcdkca`j ljmma
tdz|khczi. K dkztk ljmm(jtc|a `jhk|cua ljmmk t~jlcca`j evk`djtj "mj
|vz~~j c`hmjtc- kmmjk|j k {zjmmj ljmm(ci~jvk|avj |jljtda A||a`j CU-
uj``jva tda`ec||j k Fazuc`jt `jm ;6;
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
9/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E 3
4.2 MJ DA@TJHZJ@_J LC FAZUC@JT @JM TKDVA VAIK@A
CI^JVA HJVIK@CDA
M(ci~jvk|avj A||a`j CU- tda`ec||a tzm dki~a lk Ecmc~~a CCj tda`ec||a ~amc|cdkij`|j lkm ~k~k- ez dat|vj||a kl kflcdkvj j k djljvj
m(Ci~jva kEjljvcda CC lc Tujuck- ci~jvk|avj k~~ahhck|a lkm ~k~k. ^vcik lc ljlcdkvtc kmmj ekddj`lj jt|jvj- tc keejvi daij tauvk`a
c|kmck`a. T|kfcm mk ~va~vck dav|j- `a`db dj`|va dzm|zvkmj- k ^kmjvia7 `kd{zj dat mk Tdzamk Tcdcmck`k- lauj ~aj|c dai~a`juk`a
~ajtcj lkiavj c` mc`hzk uamhkvj- mc`hzk lceeztk j z|cmck|k lkm ~a~ama. Jttj`la vj laujuk ~attjljvj cm ~a|jvj c` ah`c kifc|a- ~jv
dzc |amtj kc hvk`lc tch`avc ejzlkmc tcdcmck`c j ljm tzl)C|kmck ah`c kz|avc| k||vkujvta mj Dat|c|zca`c lc Ijmec `jm ;64;. Da` mk
Dat|c|zca`j c` ekuavj ljc ~vc`dc~c- c`ujdj lcjlj ~cj`k kz|a`aick kc tch`avc |jljtdbc.
Ik~~k tzmmj lcujvtj da`tjhzj`j dbj jffj mk Fk||khmck lc Fazuc`jt c` Evk`dck- C`hbcm|jvvk j `jm Tkdva Vaik`a Ci~jva
Mk tdzamk ~aj|cdk tcdcmck`k- tav|k k||av`a km ;64> `jhmc kifcj`|c dbj hvkuc|kuk`a k||av`a kmm(ci~jvk|avj j vj lc Tcdcmck
Ejljvcda CC lc Tujuck- ~valzttj mk ~vcik mcvcdk c` uamhkvj c|kmck`a. Mk tzk k||cuc| lzv dcvdk z` |vj`|j``ca j tc da`dmztjda` ma thvj|amkij`|a ljmm(kifcj`|j dzm|zvkmj `jm ;655. @jmmk dav|j ljm vj k ^kmjvia tc vkddamtjva mj echzvj ~c
vk~~vjtj`|k|cuj ljmm(j~adk j tc tucmz~~kva`a `zijvatc c`|jvjttc dzm|zvkmc? uj``j lk|a z` `a|juamj ci~zmta kmmj
da`atdj`j |jd`cda)tdcj`|cecdbj j khmc t|zlc lc ikhck- kmmk mj||jvk|zvk ecmataecdk kvkfk- hvjda)fck`|c`k- kmmk ~ajtck |jljtdk
j kmmk ~ajtck ~vauj`kmj c` mc`hzk l(ad. ^va~vca lk {zjt|k |vklcca`j jffj avchc`j mk &tdzamk tcdcmck`k&- daij ez ljec`c|k
lk Lk`|j `jm Lj uzmhkvc jma{zj`|ck. Laic`k`|j c` kttamz|a `jc ~aj|c tcdcmck`c mk |jik|cdk l(kiavj tck lkm ~z`|a lc uct|k
|javcda "dat( kiavj- daij tc ik`cejt|k- {zkmc ta`a c tzac jeej||c#- tck daij aikhhca &ejzlkmj& ujvta mk la``k kik|k. Mj
eavij |c~cdbj lc {zjt|k ~ajtck ta`a mk dk`a`j- ialjmmk|k tzmmk dk`ta ~vauj`kmj? m(jt~vjttca`j &km|k& ljmmk ~ajtck
tcdcmck`k z|cmck|k ~jv dai~atcca`c lc dkvk||jvj |javcda j la||vc`kmj7 mk dk`a`j||k- dat|c|zc|k lk t|vaej lc ujvtc fvjuc-
z|cmck|k ~jv c`uadkca`c l(kiavj- jl cm ta`j||a- dbj dvjkca`j kz|a`aik j t~jdcecdk ljmmk tdzamk jl lcuj`|k|a cm
dai~a`cij`|a mcvcda fvjuj ~jv jddjmmj`k ljmmk ~ajtck c|kmck`k. Cm ~aj|k tcdzvkij`|j ~c tch`cecdk|cua ez Ckda~a lk
Mj`|c`c- vcda`atdcz|a lk Lk`|j daij ea`lk|avj ljmmk tdzamk tcdcmck`k j km {zkmj ~vafkfcmij`|j k||vcfzc|k m(c`uj`ca`j
ljm ta`j||a. \vklcca`kmij`|j dai~vjta `jmmk tdzamk tcdcmck`k k`dbj Dcjma l(Kmdkia- kz|avj ljm
da`|vkt|a "lckmaha# Vatk evjtdk kzmj`|cttcik |vk mk la``k- kmij`a c`cckmij`|j vc|vatk- j m(c``kiavk|a- c` dzc ta`a
~vjtj`|c- tzm ~ck`a t|cmct|cda- vcejvcij`|c k hj`jvc ~va~vc ljmmk mj||jvk|zvk ~vauj`kmj- daij mk ~kt|avjmmk j cm da`|vkt|a.
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Scuola%20siciliana%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Scuola%20siciliana%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Scuola%20siciliana%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Scuola%20siciliana%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Federico%20II%20del%20Sacro%20Romano%20Impero%20-%20Wikipedia.htm -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
10/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E ;>
4.3 MK DA@DJ_CA@J ^AMC\CDK LC EJLJVCDA CC
Ejljvcda CC ez tamkij`|j z` tauvk`a c|kmck`a. Uammj ci~avvj mk ~va~vck kz|avc| tz
mc`|jva |jvvc|avca c|kmck`a- mktdck`la lk ~kv|j mjt|jva. Tc dvjljuk z` tauvk`a kttamz|a-
cm vj tjda`la mzc ~jv mzc cm ucdkvca lc Lca c` |jvvk. Tc ct~cv kc ialjmmc ~vauj`cj`|c lk
Avcj`|j- mCtmki- cm Ict|cdctia Klkic|k c` dzc mci~jvk|avj `a` laujuk jttjvj
at|kdamk|a lk `jttz`a. Cm tauvk`a dbcjtj da`tchmca k`dbj kc ladj`|cljmmZ`cujvtc| lc
Famah`k- mk ~c k`|cdk z`cujvtc| ljm ia`la. Hmc vct~atjva dbj cm vj jvk ma``c~a|j`|j
jl jtdmztcua lj~atc|kvca ljmmk tauvk`c|. [zc`lc Ejljvcda uammj kttzijvj |z||a cm
~a|jvj.
4.;> TDA@EC\\K J IAV\J LC EJLJVCDA CC
^vcik lc iavcvj ";6:># Ejljvcda CCez tdaiz`cdk|a jl kddztk|a lc jttjvj mk`|c Dvct|a c` ~jvta`k7 `a` vcztd `j~~zvj k dai~cjvj cm
tza ~vahj||a? ta||aij||jvj c daiz`c. Hmc tzddjlj||j cm echmca cmmjhc||ciaIk`evjlc- ik cm ~k~k kmmkvik|a dbj ~a|jttj vc~vj`ljvj mk
t|jttk ~amc|cdk ljm ~klvj dbckiDkvma LK`hc- evk|jmma ljm vj lc Evk`dck- dbj `jm ;655 tda`ecttj j ~vjtj cm vjh`a k Ik`evjlc.
Tc ujvcecdk k`dbj c` {zjhmc k``c cmEjzlkmjtcia7 c`ek||c Dkvma ~jv vc~khkvj c tzac dkukmcjvc dbj k`lkva`a c` fk||khmck- da`djttj mava
`zijvatc ejzlc- |jvvj`c. ^jv mz|cmca lc {zjt|j |jvvj tc kddjtj z`k hvk`lj vcuam|k- mk Ujt~vc Tcdcmck`c- c` Tcdcmck `jm ;626. Lk z`k
~kv|j c Tcdcmck`c uamjuk`a ~c ~a|jvj j tc k~~jmmkva`a kmvj lKvkha`k. Lkmmkm|vk cm vj jvk kz|avc|kvca. Da` mk ^kdj lc Dkm|kfjmma||k`jm
;4>6 ec` mk hzjvvk j mk Tcdcmck lcuj``j |jvvc|avca kvkha`jtj. \z||c c tauvk`c ~vcik j ec`a k "dai~vjta# Ejljvcda CC Fkvfkvattk
uamjuk`a c`t|kzvkvj z`k ia`kvdbck `kca`kmj- daij c` Evk`dck j c` C`hbcm|jvvk. Lkm ;6:> km ;684 c vj `a` jvk`a ~c ljc ujvc
tauvk`c ci~av|k`|c- jvk`a c`tch`cecdk`|c jl cm |va`a ci~jvckmj `a` kujuk z` ujva j ~va~vca dk~a. Da` mk `ktdc|k ljmmj ~vcij
Ia`kvdbcj @kca`kmc lc Evk`dck j C`hbcm|jvvk tc k~vcuk z`k `zauk jvk- cm Ijlcajua t|kuk |jvic`k`la.
Mk Ujt~vc Tcdcmck`c
Z`k `zauk hvk`lj ct|c|zca`jdzm|zvkmj dbj tc keekddck la~a cm Icmmj
mz`cujvtc|w. ^jv mk ~vcik uam|k
dai~kvj cm ladj`|j- echzvk c`jlc|k lc
c`|jmmj||zkmj-mkcda a dbcjvcda- dbj vcdjuj
z` dai~j`ta. Cm ladj`|j ucuj ljm tza
mkuava c`|jmmj||zkmj. Mk dzm|zvk
jmkfavk|k lkmmj z`cujvtc| k`davk
mk|c`k- ik mct|c|zca`j hcw mjhk|k kmmk
uc|k ljmmj dc|| j ljmmk dzm|zvk zvfk`k.
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Manfredi%20di%20Sicilia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Manfredi%20di%20Sicilia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Manfredi%20di%20Sicilia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Carlo%20I%20d'Angi%C3%B2%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Carlo%20I%20d'Angi%C3%B2%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Carlo%20I%20d'Angi%C3%B2%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Feudalesimo%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Feudalesimo%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Feudalesimo%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Vespri%20siciliani%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Vespri%20siciliani%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Pietro%20III%20di%20Aragona%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Pietro%20III%20di%20Aragona%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Pietro%20III%20di%20Aragona%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Pietro%20III%20di%20Aragona%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Vespri%20siciliani%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Feudalesimo%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Nuova%20cartella/Carlo%20I%20d'Angi%C3%B2%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Manfredi%20di%20Sicilia%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Universit%C3%A0%20di%20Bologna%20-%20Wikipedia.htm -
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
11/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E ;;
HKMMJVCK LC CIIKHC@C EJLJVCDA CC
Mk dav|j ljm vj
Vc|vk||a lc Ejljvcda CC da` cm ekmda
Dava`k ljm vj
Tchcmma ljm vj
Ijmec- dkt|jmma ljm tauvk`a T~klk ljm tauvk`a
-
7/23/2019 Dall'Impero alle Monarchie Nazionali 2
12/12
LKMMCI^JVA KMMJ IA@KVDBCJ @K_CA@KMC;4 `aujifvj
6>;6
J@VCDK ^AV\KT CCC E ;6
\KFJMMK LJMMJ HZJVVJ
Mk Fk||khmck lc Mjh`k`a Ejljvcda C da`djlj kz|avc| kc daiz`c
Mk [zkv|k Dvadck|k Fctk`ca ucj`j tkddbjhhck|k
Mk Fk||khmck lc Fazuc`jt Mk Evk`dck tda`echhj mC`hbcm|jvvk j cm Tkdva Vaik`a Ci~jva
Mk Fk||khmck lc Fj`juj`|a Dkvma LK`hc uc`dj da`|va Ik`evjlc
Mk Ujt~vc Tcdcmck`c Mk Tcdcmck ~kttk khmc Kvkha`jtc
FCFMCAHVKECK
Mj |k~~j ljmmk T|avck Hkfvcjmj Lj Vatk Ic`jvuk C|kmcdk 6>>;>
TC\AHVKECK
)b||~?!!xxx.tk~jvj.c|!Ejljvcda C lc Tujuck ) Tk~jvj.c|.b|i
)T|avck]CU Dvadck|k- cm tkdda lc Fctk`ca "Dat|k`|c`a~amc# b||~?!!xxx.McfjvDahc|k|ca.b|i
Mk dk||jlvkmj mk dbcjtk dvct|ck`k ~c ci~av|k`|j lc z`k lcadjtc- lc dzc dat|c|zctdj cm dj`|va mc|zvhcda j
t~cvc|zkmj- c` dzc bk tjlj mk dk||jlvk ujtdaucmj "tjhhca#. Mk &dbcjtk dk||jlvkmj& "jddmjtck dk|bjlvkmct c` mk|c`a#-
a jmmc||cdkij`|j &dk||jlvkmj&- ljvcuk lk &dk||jlvk& "dk|bjlvk#- ~jvdb jttk at~c|k mk dk||jlvk ljm ujtdaua. Z`
km|va `aij da` dzc tc c`lcdk mk dk||jlvkmj jddmjtck ik|jv- ~jv c`lcdkvj dbj mk &dbcjtk iklvj& lc z`k
lcadjtc. Lk|k mk tzk ci~av|k`k k`dbj lj||k jddmjtck ikcav. Tji~vj k dkztk ljm tza vzama lc ~vc`dc~kmj
&dktk lc Lca& c` z`k vjhca`j- mk dk||jlvkmj jvk dbckik|k k`dbj Laizt Ljc- lk dzc ljvcuk cm |jvic`j
c|kmck`a lzaia "jl cm davvct~a`lj`|j Lai c` |jljtda#. C` lcujvtj dc|| ucj`j dbckik|k &lzaia&- ~jv
vkhca`c t|avcdbj- mk dbcjtk ~vc`dc~kmj- k`dbj tj `a` dk||jlvkmj.
C`cckmij`|j uj``j ljdvj|k|a dbj mk dk||jlvk ujtdaucmj `a` uj`cttj ~at|k `jmmk dbcjtk lc z` ucmmkhhca- ik
tama c` {zjmmk lc z`k dc||. [zjt|a ek||a `a` dai~av|kuk lceecdam| `jmm(Jzva~k da`|c`j`|kmj- lauj mj dc||
jvk`a `zijvatj j ezva`a c dj`|vc lk dzc mk dvct|ck`c| tc lceeztj `jmmj a`j vzvkmc. @jmmj ctamj
fvc|k``cdbj c`ujdj- mj dc|| jvk`a tdkvtj j iam|c ujtdauc kujuk`a c`emzj`k tz lj|jvic`k|j |vcf a
~a~amkca`c. Mk dk||jlvk lc {zjt|c ujtdauc kujuk t~jtta dkvk||jvj ichvk|avca.
http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Sapere.it.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Sapere.it.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Sapere.it.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/IV%20Crociata,%20il%20sacco%20di%20Bisanzio%20(Costantinopoli)%20%20%20http:/www.LiberCogitatio.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/IV%20Crociata,%20il%20sacco%20di%20Bisanzio%20(Costantinopoli)%20%20%20http:/www.LiberCogitatio.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/IV%20Crociata,%20il%20sacco%20di%20Bisanzio%20(Costantinopoli)%20%20%20http:/www.LiberCogitatio.htmhttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_(architettura)http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianesimohttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocesihttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latinahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattedrahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duomohttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedescahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattedra_vescovilehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_continentalehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianit%C3%A0http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_britannichehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_britannichehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_britannichehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_britannichehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianit%C3%A0http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europa_continentalehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattedra_vescovilehttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_tedescahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duomohttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattedrahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_latinahttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocesihttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cristianesimohttp://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiesa_(architettura)http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/IV%20Crociata,%20il%20sacco%20di%20Bisanzio%20(Costantinopoli)%20%20%20http:/www.LiberCogitatio.htmhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/releases/20121107221618/tmp/scratch_3/Storia/Federico%20I%20di%20Svevia%20-%20Sapere.it.htm
