CM - An introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

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CORSO DI COSTRUZIONI METALLICHE An introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM) Konstantinos Gkoumas , Ph.D., P.E. Docente: Franco Bontempi, Ph.D., P.E. Facoltà di Ingegneria Sapienza Università di Roma CORSO DI COSTRUZIONI METALLICHE Konstantinos Gkoumas 17/12/2015 Source: http://macinteract.com/bim-reality-check-1253

Transcript of CM - An introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

Page 1: CM - An introduction to Building Information Modelling (BIM)

CORSO DI

COSTRUZIONI METALLICHE

An introduction

to Building

Information

Modelling (BIM)

Konstantinos Gkoumas,

Ph.D., P.E.

Docente: Franco Bontempi,

Ph.D., P.E.

Facoltà di Ingegneria

Sapienza Università di Roma

CORSO DI COSTRUZIONI METALLICHE

Konstantinos Gkoumas

17/12/2015

Source: http://macinteract.com/bim-reality-check-1253

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BIM - Introduction

• Productivity and automations has been slow in the last decades

in the architecture, engineering, and construction industry (AEC)

• AEC necessitates to embrace the benefits of integrated data

management

• This includes the gathering, processing, and utilizing information

across the spectrum of consulting, design, implementation, and

operations

• BIM is a process improvement methodology that leverages data

to analyze and predict outcomes throughout different phases of

the building life cycle

• BIM is a database-driven representation of the building

throughout the building’s life cycle

Construction technology needs

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BIM - IntroductionConstruction technology transformation timeline

http://dcee2015.info

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BIM - IntroductionConstruction technology transformation timeline

http://dcee2015.info

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BIM - IntroductionConstruction technology transformation timeline

http://dcee2015.info

• Public participation design process

• Learnable design tool

• Experience Based Maker

• Human-centered

• Interactive cooperation/ Complete integration (also software)

• 3D printing technology on construction

• Big data

• Trackable design tool

• Analysis on disaster prevention

• Concurrent cross-disciplinary design process

• Biotech materials

• Emotional design

• Algorithm/automatic design

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BIM - IntroductionConstruction technology transformation timeline

Source: Sackey, Enoch, A Sociotechnical Systems Analysis of Building Information Modelling (STSaBIM)

Implementation in Construction Organisations, PhD Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014

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BIM - IntroductionDefinitions

• Building Information Modelling (BIM) is the process of generating

and managing building data during its life cycle

• Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital representation of

physical and functional characteristics of a facility

– A BIM is a shared knowledge resource for information about a

facility forming a reliable basis for decisions during its life-cycle,

defined as existing from earliest conception to demolition

• BIM models are differentiated from traditional CAD systems in

that the software objects in a BIM model are intelligible to

computer programs as representations of real-world building

components, unlike the graphic objects in a two-dimensional CAD

file

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BIM - IntroductionWhat about

• BIM is the process of generating and managing project

information throughout the whole life cycle of the

infrastructure – not just that for a building – from planning and

design, through construction, to operation, maintenance and

de-commissioning.

• BIM describes an activity, not an object, and is therefore much

more than a single technology or tool (e.g. REVIT) ~ it’s a

quantum change in design and delivery practice, processes and

behaviors – and because it is addressing infrastructure, sound

information management and GIS is critical to its delivery.

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BIM - IntroductionWhat for

• Design visualization

• Reduction of Errors

• 4D Constructability

• 5D Cost Estimating

• Asset/Equipment Inventory

• Facility Operations

• Space assignment

• Maintenance/Repair

• Collision Detection

• Quantity Take Off

• Emergency response, etc.

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BIM - IntroductionGlossary

Source: BUILDING BEFORE BUILDING: THE BIM REVOLUTION

http://www.bimgeneration.com/english/pdf/bim-book_25x30.pdf

• 3D MODEL: a 3D representation of all data making it possible to design and

construct a project and simulate its behaviour.

• BIM (BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING): a process by which this data is

managed throughout the life-cycle of the building.

• 4D: Phasing and programming. When time is added to the model, it creates a

fourth dimension enabling those involved in the project to observe how the

scheme might be phased and built.

• 5D: Cost. A fifth dimension is introduced when the concept of cost over time is

added to the 3D model. 5D allows modellers to explore the budget/estimated

cost of a project at any given point in time during the project.

• 6D: Asset Management and Facility Management. The 6D model is often referred

to as the "As Built" model. This model is handed over to the client/end user

once the project has reached practical completion.

• 7D: The next dimension, not widely used in construction, today refers to

energy and environmental performances of the project.

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BIM - IntroductionX-Ds (information associated with the model)

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BIM - IntroductionObstacles to BIM

• Training curve. Even those trained in CAD today need to step

back and realize that this is something new. This is not CAD+, or

Son of CAD. BIM is its own approach and its own discipline. It

warrants and requires serious, and possibly lengthy, study to

become proficient in the ins and outs of the tools, but any time

spent now to master this approach will be time (and money)

well spent.

• Cost of software. BIM tools do not come inexpensively, and it

may fall outside the budgetary realities of a smaller firm. Smaller

firms can still benefit from BIM by participating in team meetings,

and possibly outsource any required model construction to BIM

consultants.

Source: Building Information Modeling:. Understanding and Operating in a New Paradigm.

Prepared for The Foundation of Wall and Ceiling Industry By Words & Images, 2009

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Purpose

Sharing of intelligent models from cross-functional project teams to

better plan, design, build, and manage building and infrastructure projects.

BIM - Introduction

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BIM - IntroductionPurpose

BIM can be broken down into different but similar

database sets that are based on the author and use of the

information:

• Design intent model (by the designer for the designer)

• Build intent model (by the contractor for the

contractor)

• Fabrication intent model (by the subcontractor for the

subcontractor)

• Facility management model (by the owner for the

owner)

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BIM - IntroductionPurpose

Τhere are four main BIM objectives:

• Architect’s BIM

– the primary deliverable of the architect (the construction documents)

helps define an architect’s BIM.

• Contractor’s BIM

– ability to identify design issues with the building before the construction

trailer is placed on the site

• Building product manufacturer’s BIM

– To provide an accurate model of its equipment to the mechanical

contractor so that its product will be specified in the model and in the

construction drawings.

• Owner’s BIM

– serves not only as a virtual model but also as a database that contains all

the information about a building’s space, equipment, furnishings, installations,

and critical warranties in graphical and nongraphical format.

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BIM - IntroductionFrom CAD to BIM

From CAD to BIM

• A BIM model is not simply a

3D CAD model, i.e. digital

equivalent of a card model! 3D

CAD models are not new, but

in most cases they represent

only the visual aspects of the

building.

• In a BIM model it is possible to

add non-graphic information

about the components (BIM

objects) in the digital model,

thus, creating designs with

intelligent objects.

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BIM - IntroductionFrom CAD to BIM

source http://www.r-m-a-architekten.de

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BIM - IntroductionMain aspects of BIM

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BIM - Introduction“what” can be done - and “what for”

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BIM - CharacteristicsArchitect’s BIM

BIM interacts in the four phase architectural design process:

• programming phase (the activity of setting the needs that a

building must fulfill).

• schematic design phase (obtain an overall high-level design or

“scheme.”)

• design development phase (the schematic design is refined into

the final design. The focus shifts from the overall project to a

more detailed view of the project)

• construction document phase (creation of the construction

documents, which the general contractor will use to construct

the building)

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BIM - CharacteristicsBIM levels

• Level 1: 2D & 3D using models, objects plus file based collab.

• Level 2: BIMs plus file based collab. and library management for models

and objects and

• Level 3: iBIM, Lifestyle Management, common dictionaries, data and

processes, integrated and interoperable data through web

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BIM - CharacteristicsBIM maturity level (UK)

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BIM - CharacteristicsFuture trends*

• Predictive Maintenance (to analyze BIM data across a portfolio of

buildings and to determine maintenance cycles)

• Constructability Analysis (to simulate the construction process

and to predict outcomes)

• Product Manufacturer Analysis (to provide product information

models – PIMs - for use in BIM software)

• Building Management Systems (to have detailed information about

the building, its systems and intelligence)

* (adapted from: BIM for Building Owners and Developers: Making a Business Case for Using BIM on

Projects, K. Pramod Reddy, January 2012)

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BIM enabled software (commercialy available)CAE

• Bentley AECOsim Building Designer http://www.bentley.com/en-US/Products/AECOsim+Building+Designer

• GRAPHISOFT ArchiCAD http://www.graphisoft.com/archicad

• Tekla Structures http://www.tekla.com/products/tekla-structures

• Autodesk Revit Architecture http://www.autodesk.com/products/revit-family/overview

• NEMETSCHEK Allplan Architecture http://www.allplan.com/en/software/architecture/allplan-architecture.html

• NEMETSCHEK Vectorworks Architect http://www.vectorworks.net/architect

• 4M IDEA Architectural http://www.4msa.com/ideaENG.html

• Virtual Build Technologies RhinoBIM http://rhinobim.com

• GehryTechnologies Trimble Connect http://connect.trimble.com

• Softtech Spirit https://www.softtech.de/software/spirit-2d-3d-bim-cad

• CADSoft Envisioneer http://www.cadsoft.com

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Source: Sackey, Enoch, A Sociotechnical Systems Analysis of Building Information Modelling (STSaBIM) Implementation in Construction

Organisations, PhD Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014

UK most popular BIM platforms

BIM enabled software (commercialy available)CAE

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BIM -TransitionThe uses of BIM

Source:

"Determining the Frequency and Benefit of Applying

BIM for Different Purposes on Building Projects"

Ralph Kreider, John Messner, and Craig Dubler,

“Determining the Frequency and Impact of Applying

BIM for Different Purposes on Building Projects,” in

Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on

Innovation in Architecture, Engineering and

Construction (AEC) (Penn State University,

University Park, PA, USA, 2010),

http://www.engr.psu.edu/ae/AEC2010 .

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BIM - ImplementationTime-cost analysis

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BIM - ImplementationFailed implementation

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BIM - ImplementationEffort VS cost

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BIM - ImplementationDIRECTIVE 2014/24/EU

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BIM - ImplementationDIRECTIVE 2014/24/EU

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BIM - ImplementationItaly

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BIM - ExampleArchicad

3D model in ArchiCAD (left) and

the Interactive Schedule Element (right)

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BIM - ExampleRevit

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BIM in AEC

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References

• DIRECTIVE 2014/24/EU

• Jarnagin, R.E. 2008. ASHRAE Vision 2020. Atlanta: ASHRAE Vision 2020 Ad Hoc

Committee.

• National Institute of Building Sciences (NIBS). 2007. National Building Information

Modeling Standard Version 1, Part 1.

• Jernigan, F. 2007. BIG BIM little bim, The Practical Approach to Building Information

Modeling, Integrated Practice Done the Right Way! Salisbury, Md.: 4Site Press.

• Parker, S. 1984. McGraw Hill Dictionary of Science and Engineering. New York:

McGraw-Hill.

• NISTIR 7417. 2007.

• Eastman, C., et. al. 2008. BIM Handbook, A Guide to Building Information Modeling

for Owners, Managers, Designers, Engineers, and Contractors. Hoboken, N.J.: John

Wiley & Sons.

An introduction to

Building Information Modelling

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Konstantinos Gkoumas

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An introduction to

Building Information Modelling

Thank you!

[email protected]

An introduction to

Building Information Modelling