27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 1

               

Seminario su Swarm 2001-2002

Pietro Terna

pietro.terna@unito.it

web.econ.unito.it/terna

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 2

               

Secondo semestre

mercoledì 27.3

mercoledì 10.4

mercoledì 24.4

martedì 7.5

sempre dalle 17.15 alle 19, aula 12

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“nostro” sito a http://eco83.econ.unito.it/swarm/

iscriversi alla mailing list seminarioswarm (vedi sopra per le istruzioni)

inoltre è utile http://eco83.econ.unito.it/swarm/materiale/

questo file ppt e i successivi sono/saranno in linea a

http://web.econ.unito.it/terna/swarm/ e a

http://eco83.econ.unito.it/swarm/materiale/pptDelSeminario01-02/

questo è seminarioSwarm01-02-20020327.ppt

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jVE – Java Virtual Enterprise

Presentazione per SwarmFest 2002 a

web.econ.unito.it/terna/jve/jVE SwarmFest 2002.zip

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 5

               

dict

iona

ry

unit = a productive structure within or outside our enterprise; a unit is able to perform one or more of the steps required to accomplish an order

order = the object representing a good to be produced; an order contains technical information (the recipe describing the production steps) and accounting data

recipe = a sequence of steps to be executed to produce a good

A dictionary

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1-22-1328-7-27-7...

market Enterprise front end

units

our jVE enterprise(a sub-swarm of

units)

FE

28

7

27

A system of enterprises and micro productive units

(a swarm)

FE

recipes

reci

pes

and

unit

sRecipes and units

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WD WD: What to Do

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 8

               basi

c re

cipe

Basic recipe

The basic recipe in an order is:

n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4 . . .

time specification: days, hours, seconds

time quantity measured in days, hours, secondsstep in recipe

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 9

               bat c

h pr

oduc

tion

a unit is making a batch production if in a given time interval it repeats b times the production of the same step of the recipes of b orders

Batch production

n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 / b3

time specification: days, hours, seconds

time quantity measured in days, hours, secondsstep in recipe

the slash is followed by the number of production steps to be repeated in the given time interval: in a batch production of b pieces, the time necessary for the production of each piece is measured by the fraction m/b

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 10

               

proc

urem

ent a

nd c

ompo

nent

par

ts

Procurements or component parts produced by ourselves

n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 e c4

n1 ts m1 / b1 e c2

n1 ts m1 e c1

Procurements: we order outside the components coded cx (here c1, c2, c3); our management has to deal with the time necessary to have the order performed, to make the transport, etc. (in the third line, n2 can be a transport step)

n1 ts m1 e c5

n1 ts m1 / b1 e c6

e stays for end

n1 ts m1 / b1 n2 ts m2 / b2 e c3

Component parts produced internally: we produce inside the components coded cx (here c4, c5, c6); our management has to deal with the time necessary to have these internal order performed

We can explore the details of these recipes considering other jVEs=swarms and so using swarm of swarms

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 11

               

step

s us

ing

com

pone

nt p

arts

Using component parts (mainly, in assembly steps)

n1 ts m1 p k c1 c2 . . . ck n2 ts m2 . . .

step in recipe

after step n1 we have here a procurement phase (internal or external), looking for k components coded c1, c2, . . ., ck

p stays for procurement

the unit performing the successive step asks to a special object ‘procurementAssembler’ to check if the internal or external units can send the components; if not, the unit waits

the ability of a unit to call a special object to have special tasks performed, increases widely the degrees of freedom of the jVE structure

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 12

               mul

tipl

e pa

ths

Multiple paths in recipes

after each step we can have multiple paths in our recipes, but only one of them is followed at a specific time

n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4

n22 ts m22

or

we use here a C-like formalism (|| = or)

n1 ts m1 || 1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 || 2 n22 ts m22 || 0 n4 ts m4

where || 0 stays for the conclusion of the multiple paths

end

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 13

               para

llel

pat

hs

Parallel paths in recipes

after each step we can have also parallel paths in our recipes, all to be simultaneously executed at a specific time

n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4

n22 ts m22

and

we use here a C-like formalism (&& = and)

n1 ts m1 && 1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 && 2 n22 ts m22 && 0 n4 ts m4

where && 0 stays for the conclusion of the multiple paths

end

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 14

               

an in

tric

ate

exam

ple

(i)

p 4 c1 c2 c3 c4 n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4

An intricate example (i)

orp 2 c1 c2 n5 ts m5 n6 ts m6

andp 2 c3 c4 n7 ts m7

gives

||1 p 4 c1 c2 c3 c4 n1 ts m1 ||2 &&1 p 2 c1 c2 n5 ts m5 &&2 p 2 c3 c4 n7 ts m7 &&0 n6 ts m6 ||0 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 15

               

an in

tric

ate

exam

ple

(ii)

An intricate example (ii)

WD

p 4 c1 c2 c3 c4 n1 ts m1 n2 ts m2 n3 ts m3 n4 ts m4

or

p 2 c1001 c1002 n6 ts m6

p 2 c1 c2 n5 ts m5 e c1001

p 2 c3 c4 n7 ts m7 e c1002

and, summarizing,

We can represent the same example as a supply chain; so the second path of the or choice becomes …

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a cl

oser

look

to in

vent

orie

s

A closer look to inventories

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 17

               war

ehou

ses

Warehouses and inventories: stand alone productions

28-7-27-7

units

FE

28

7

27

FE

7

?

?

??

? … how to decide?

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 18

               proc

urem

ent

Procurement

28-7-27-7

units

FE

28

712134

73

...

Exploding recipes to consider deeply sub–procurement problems

28-121-34-…-73-7-27-7

WD

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 19

               

inve

ntor

ies

in s

uppl

y ch

ains

Inventories in supply chains

n1 n2 . . . n10 e 121

n11 n12 . . . n15 e 341

n21 n22 . . . n25 e 342

p 2 341 342 31 e 34

virtual or actual units keeping the completed procurement components in a list (in a warehouse)

WD

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DW DW: which is Doing What

DW

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               sim

ple

unit

s

Simple unit data are reported in a text file

unit_#__useWarehouse____prod.phase_#____fixed_costs_____variable_costs

1 1 11 12 1

2 1 0 0 0

3 1 3 15 2

4 1 0 0 0

5 1 51 12 2

6 1 6 11 20

7 1 12 23 1

8 1 8 22 11

9 1 13 7 12

10 1 18 40 7

11 1 11 5 1

DW

27.3.2002 Seminario Swarm 2001 2002 22

               com

plex

uni

ts 1

Complex units are able to perform more than one (unique) production step

We read their data from a sheet in a spreadsheet (Excel like, produced via Office or StarOffice or OpenOffice or . . .

To access spreadsheet data from a Java environment we use the ExcelReader.java class, written by Michele Sonnessa (sonnessa@di.unito.it) and based upon the Andy Khan's excelread library (http://www.andykhan.com/excelread/)

DW

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               com

plex

uni

ts 2

DW

The general scheme (to be used as a remark page)

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               com

plex

uni

ts 3

DW

A specific complex unit

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Scaricare jVE da http://web.econ.unito.it/terna/jve/

usando jVEfileProvvisoriPerSeminario.zip

oppure la versione 0.60 non appena disponibile

Iniziamo a studiare il modello da

VEFrameModelSwarm.java

UnitParameters.java

Unit.java