1 Silvia DALLA TORRE CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 S. Dalla Torre HIGH-LIGHTS DA HIGH-LIGHTS DA argomenti...

Silvia DALLA TORRESilvia DALLA TORRE

CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 11

S. Dalla TorreS. Dalla Torre

HIGH-LIGHTS DA HIGH-LIGHTS DA

argomenti selezionatiargomenti selezionati::

•caratteristiche del Workshop(s)caratteristiche del Workshop(s)

•RICH ed esperimenti (presente e futuro)RICH ed esperimenti (presente e futuro)

•stato, innovazioni e prospettive della tecnologiastato, innovazioni e prospettive della tecnologia

•il prossimo WORKSHOPil prossimo WORKSHOP


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 22

IL WORKSHOPIL WORKSHOP workshop precedentiworkshop precedenti

il sito di RICH2004 il sito di RICH2004 http://www.ifisica.uaslp.mx/rich2004/main.htmlhttp://www.ifisica.uaslp.mx/rich2004/main.html

partecipanti: 94 registratipartecipanti: 94 registrati

sessioni, tutte plenarie, sessioni, tutte plenarie, sui temi:sui temi:

(per un totale di 64 talk(per un totale di 64 talke 13 posters)e 13 posters)

Year Location Proceedings1993 Bari, Italy Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, Vol 343, Issue 11995 Upsalla, Sweden Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, Vol. 371, Issue 1/21998 Ein Gedi, Israel Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, Vol. 433, Issue 1/22002 Pylos, Greece Nuclear Instruments and Methods A, Vol. 502, Issue 1

RICH at Colliders Novel RICH Detectors RICH at Fixed Target Experiments Technological Aspects Cherenkov Detectors in Astroparticle Projects Other Particle ID Methods

il sito di RICH2004il sito di RICH2004


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 33

L’ INFN @ RICH2004L’ INFN @ RICH2004

DAL PROGRAMMA SCIENTIFICO: DAL PROGRAMMA SCIENTIFICO: la partecipazione italianala partecipazione italiana

(8 contributi)(8 contributi)

speaker titolo esperimento

Fulvio Tessarotto STUDIES FOR A FAST RICH COMPASSSergio Costa CLAM COMPASSMaria Angela Nitti Progress in UV thin film photocathodes ALICESilvia Dalla Torre STATUS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF COMPASS RICH-1 COMPASSMauro Iodice Performance and results of the RICH detector for kaon physics in Hall A at Jefferson Lab Hall A J-labClara Matteuzzi A RICH with aerogel LHC-bEugenio Nappi New perspectives with RICH ALICE, HERMES, STARSergio Costa SIC, a Cherenkov radiation simulator COMPASS


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 44

VITALITA’ DEI RICH 1/2VITALITA’ DEI RICH 1/2Physics Topic Physics Topic Examples: Exciting Issues (2004)Examples: Exciting Issues (2004) Some Experiments with Some Experiments with

RICH; RICH; Active/ Active/ Future:Future:

(and(and without RICH/Č without RICH/Č det)det)

Heavy Flavor PhysicsHeavy Flavor Physics • Confronting the Standard Model:Confronting the Standard Model:

Precision Measurements of CP Precision Measurements of CP Violation in B Sector; Violation in B Sector; • Are there experimental hints of New Are there experimental hints of New Physics?Physics?

BaBar(SLAC)BaBar(SLAC), , BELLE(KEK),BELLE(KEK), CLEO-CLEO-III(Cornell), CKM, III(Cornell), CKM, SELEX, SELEX, BTeV (Fermilab)BTeV (Fermilab)

LHCb (CERN); Super B-LHCb (CERN); Super B-Factory (SLAC/KEK?)Factory (SLAC/KEK?)

Hadron StructureHadron Structure • Do Pentaquarks exist?Do Pentaquarks exist?• Do other exotic hadrons exist? Do other exotic hadrons exist? • What is quark content of new states? What is quark content of new states? E.g., DE.g., DssJJ[2317]; D[2317]; DssJJ[2460]; D[2460]; DssJJ[2632][2632](SELEX); X(3872)(SELEX); X(3872)

Many of the Heavy Many of the Heavy Flavor Experiments Flavor Experiments above;above; HERMES(DESY);HERMES(DESY); COMPASS(CERN); COMPASS(CERN); (SELEX(Fermilab))(SELEX(Fermilab))

GSI: PANDA, CBMGSI: PANDA, CBM

HALL-A (JLAB)HALL-A (JLAB)

Neutrino PhysicsNeutrino Physics • First Confirmed Physics Beyond SMFirst Confirmed Physics Beyond SM• Are neutrinos Dirac or Majorana? Are neutrinos Dirac or Majorana? • What is the mass hierachy?What is the mass hierachy?• Neutrino AstrophysicsNeutrino Astrophysics

Super Kamiokande; Super Kamiokande; SNO(Sudbury); Lake SNO(Sudbury); Lake Baikal;Baikal;

Ice Cube(South Pole);Ice Cube(South Pole);

Antares(Mediterranean)Antares(Mediterranean);;

NESTOR (Greece)NESTOR (Greece)tabella di B. Ratcliff – RICH2004tabella di B. Ratcliff – RICH2004(con qualche aggiounta)(con qualche aggiounta)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 55tabella di B. Ratcliff – RICH2004tabella di B. Ratcliff – RICH2004(con qualche aggiounta)(con qualche aggiounta)

VITALITA’ DEI RICH 2/2VITALITA’ DEI RICH 2/2Physics Topic Physics Topic Examples: Exciting Issues Examples: Exciting Issues

(2004)(2004)Some Experiments with RICH; Some Experiments with RICH; Active/ Active/ Future:Future:

(and(and without RICH/Č det.)without RICH/Č det.)

Quark Matter at High Quark Matter at High Density (Heavy Ions)Density (Heavy Ions)

Discovery of Quark-Gluon Discovery of Quark-Gluon PlasmaPlasma

HADES(GSI) HADES(GSI)

PHENIX(RHIC)PHENIX(RHIC)

STAR(RHIC)STAR(RHIC)

ALICE (CERN)ALICE (CERN)

High Energy FrontierHigh Energy Frontier Discovery!Discovery!• Higgs?; Higgs?; • Supersymmetry?Supersymmetry?

CDF/D0(Fermilab)CDF/D0(Fermilab)ATLAS/CMS(LHC)ATLAS/CMS(LHC)

Astro-particle physicsAstro-particle physics • Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays;Rays;• Very High Energy Gamma Very High Energy Gamma Rays;Rays;

Discussed at this conferenceDiscussed at this conference

AMS-02(Space)AMS-02(Space)

Auger (Argentina)Auger (Argentina)

HESS (Namibia); HESS (Namibia);

Puebla Puebla

TTUUNNKKA (A (SSiibbeerriiaa))

Mexico/ChalcatayaMexico/Chalcataya

Magic (la Palma) Magic (la Palma)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 66

PERCHE’ APPARATI SENZA RICH PERCHE’ APPARATI SENZA RICH ALLE FRONTIERE DELL’ENERGIAALLE FRONTIERE DELL’ENERGIA ? ?

non sembra esserci un golden channel che richieda PIDnon sembra esserci un golden channel che richieda PID anche se un buon PID puo’anche se un buon PID puo’

ridurre il fondo combinatorio fornire sensibilita’ per segnali di nuova fisica rendere gli apparati ancor piu’ multipurpose

il problema tecnico principale potrebbe venire dalla richiesta di il problema tecnico principale potrebbe venire dalla richiesta di ermeticita’ermeticita’

nel futuro, vedremo proposte come quella qui sotto diventare nel futuro, vedremo proposte come quella qui sotto diventare realta’?realta’?

STAR Upgrades R&D Proposal STAR Upgrades R&D Proposal

(N. Smirnov - RICH2004): TPC e RICH integrati !(N. Smirnov - RICH2004): TPC e RICH integrati !

Pad Det with CsI (GEM ?!)16 identical miniTPC’s with GEM readout; “working” gas: fast, low diffusion, UV transparenty

x

Pad Detector III

Pad Detector II

Pad Detector I

Beam Pipe andVertex Detectors

miniTPCToF

EMCMagnet

y

x


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 77

PROGRESSI TECNOLOGICI DEL PROGRESSI TECNOLOGICI DEL RECENTE PASSATORECENTE PASSATO

CSI-MWPCs in COMPASSCSI-MWPCs in COMPASS[+ costruzioni per [+ costruzioni per ALICE-HMPID]ALICE-HMPID]

LHC-B LHC-B

Il DIRC di B

ABAR

Il DIRC di B

ABAR MAPMT per l’upgradeMAPMT per l’upgradedi COMPASS di COMPASS [+ studi per BTEV][+ studi per BTEV]

AEROGEL:AEROGEL:HERMESHERMESLHC-BLHC-BAMSAMSBELLE up-gradeBELLE up-grade

pp

MAPMT perMAPMT peril RICH di AMSil RICH di AMS


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 88

UNA CURIOSITA’ : UNA CURIOSITA’ : IDENTIFICAZIONE DI IONI PESANTIIDENTIFICAZIONE DI IONI PESANTI

C

Z2

3 6

>~16

>16

He

Li Si-P ?

~Fe ?

Nγ in the ring ~ Z2 - dopo CAPRIS e HIRICH, i test beam di AMS

M. BuénerdM. Buénerd

CC


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 99

PROGRESSI TECNOLOGICIPROGRESSI TECNOLOGICINOVITA’NOVITA’

fotorivelazionefotorivelazione depositi fotosensibili e gas: il ruolo di ion feedback

studi quantitativi con CsI fotorivelatori a gas:

GEM & GEM-like + Cs

fotorivelatori in vuoto: flat panels MCP - PMT

radiatoriradiatori gassosi (beyond C4F10) aerogel

nuovi approccinuovi approcci TOP, focalized DIRC


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1010

CsI MWPC – ION FEEDBACKCsI MWPC – ION FEEDBACK

Dose-effect relation from 3 different irradiated zones

Different doses on 3 irradiated positions

Dose-response relation for49 days and 129 days after irradiation(time effect taken into account by interpolation)

expected dose for 10 y ALICE

(0.5 mC/cm2)

fits of the dose effect with a cumulative lognormal distribution function

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

lognormal fit 49 dinterpolated measurement 49 dlognormal fit 129 dinterpolated measurement 129 dlognormal fit 2 dinterpolated measurement 2d

integrated dose [mC/cm2]

QE

dec

reas

e [%

]

Pos 3

Pos 1Pos 2

pos 3

pos 1

pos 2

y [mm]

x [mm]

Inorm

Results obtained with the VUV-scanner for 3 irradiation with different doses of accumulated charge

identificazione del fenomeno dell’ion feed-back come il PROBLEMA dello CsIidentificazione del fenomeno dell’ion feed-back come il PROBLEMA dello CsI

(H. Hoedlmoser)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1111

GEM e CsI 1/4GEM e CsI 1/4

RELATIVE QUANTUM EFFICIENCY FOR DIFFERENT GASESCsI semi-transparent photocathode

CsI semi-transparent photocathode

EDRIFT

VGEM

Photocathode

REFLECTIVE PHOTOCATHODEPhotocathode

REFLECTIVE CsI PHOTOCATHODE: field dependence of Q.E.

0

-40 +40

pushing for high pushing for high V !!V !!

reduced IFBreduced IFB

-Reflective PC (compared to ST), higher QE, low sensitivity to ionizing BG radiation- Reduced secondary effects high gains 106 - 107

- Fast: with CF4 = 1.6ns w\single electrons

= 0.33ns w\150 electrons

A. Breskin


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1212


si pensa gia’ ad una si pensa gia’ ad una applicazione: applicazione: l’upgrade di l’upgrade di PhenixPhenix

HBD HBD (Hadron Blind Detector): (Hadron Blind Detector): un contatore Cerenkovun contatore Cerenkov senza senza finestrefinestre

HBD concept:HBD concept:

♣♣ Windowless Cherenkov Windowless Cherenkov detector (L=50cm) detector (L=50cm)

♣♣ CFCF44 as radiator and detector as radiator and detector gasgas

♣♣ CsI reflective photocathode CsI reflective photocathode

♣♣ Triple GEM with pad readoutTriple GEM with pad readout

(I. Tserruya)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1313


Real challenge:

GPMTs for the visible range!

Photocathodes(e.g. bi-alkali)

are very chemically reactive.

Cannot operate in flow-mode! Solution:

Visible-range GPMTs => sealed mode

Secondary avalanches due to Secondary avalanches due to ion feedbackion feedback

gain limits, imaging problems (observed in gain limits, imaging problems (observed in K-Cs-SbK-Cs-Sb)) Photocathode damagePhotocathode damage due to ion sputtering due to ion sputtering

observed in both: observed in both: CsICsI and and K-Cs-SbK-Cs-Sb

Major efforts to limit ion backflowMajor efforts to limit ion backflow

photocathode

cathode mesh

hv

VC-TVA-C

E trans

E drift

CA

MHSP:MHSP:Microhole & Strip Microhole & Strip

PlatePlateA. Breskin


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1414


R. Chechik et al.

Thick GEM-like multipliers (TGEM) Thick GEM-like multipliers (TGEM) : : a simple solution for large area a simple solution for large area UV-RICH detectorsUV-RICH detectorsmanufactured by standard PCB techniques of precise drilling drilling in G-10 (+ other materials) and Cu Cu etchingetching

A TGEM costs ~4$ /unit.

• Gains: 105 with a single TGEM; 107 with cascaded double TGEM

• Fast signals: r.t. <10 ns.

• The e- transfer efficiency (into the holes) is well understood.

• Counting rate capability: ~ 106 avalnches/sec x mm2 @ gain 4x104

• Ion backflow: study in course

• TGEMs of different materials (e.g. Kevlar, Teflon…) for CF4 ?.

• TGEM studied with transparent and reflective photocathode

• G-10 TGEMs tested with several gases.

1mm


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1515

FLAT PANELSFLAT PANELS

Belle upgrade, test beamBelle upgrade, test beam

matrix of flat panels,matrix of flat panels,Hammamatsu H8500Hammamatsu H8500

P. Krizan P. Krizan

J. Vavra J. Vavra

uniformity is ~1:2.5


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1616

Channel~400m

~10m

MCP-PMT 1/4MCP-PMT 1/4

Electron amplification in micro Electron amplification in micro

channel (channel ( ~10 ~10m)m) Fast/small transit time spread Gain saturation

B field immunity

Geometrical apperture ~ 60% Geometrical apperture ~ 60%

Gain ~O(10Gain ~O(1066) w/ 2-3 stages ) w/ 2-3 stages Possible to make a multi-Possible to make a multi-

anode PMT.anode PMT.

Toru Iijima

quando le richieste sonoquando le richieste sono• risoluzione temporale spinta risoluzione temporale spinta • operazione in campo magneticooperazione in campo magnetico

HPK6R3809U-50-11X

BINP8N4428

HPK10R3809U-50-25X

Burle2585011-501


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1717

MCP - PMT 2/4MCP - PMT 2/4

TDC(time walk corrected).

25ps/count

Tail componentdue to bouncingpe at MCP surface

Small chanel diam. Shows high stability against B-field

1p.e2p.e

3p.e

HPK6 at B=1.5T (0deg.) BINP8 at B=1.5T (15deg.)

Toru Iijima

•MCP-PMT w/ <10m has excellent single photon counting performance up to 1.5 T

•Gain > 106

•TTS < 35ps Unresolved issues: cross talk + Life time


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1818

MCP-PMT 3/4MCP-PMT 3/4i multianodoi multianodo

Photo cathodePhoto cathode multi-alkalimulti-alkali

#MCP stage#MCP stage 22

Gain (HV)Gain (HV) 2x102x1066 (-3.5KV) (-3.5KV)

MCP hole dia.MCP hole dia. 1010mm

Geometrical Geometrical C.E.C.E. 50%50%

#pixel /size#pixel /size 1x4 / 5mmx22mm1x4 / 5mmx22mm

Eff. area (2cmEff. area (2cmTT)) 77%77%

Under

dev

elopm

ent

HAMAMATSU: SL10 MCP-PMT

Toru Iijima


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 1919

MCP-PMT 4/4MCP-PMT 4/4i multianodoi multianodo

uniformity is ~1:1.5

J. Vavra J. Vavra


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2020

RADIATORI GASSOSIRADIATORI GASSOSI C4F10 – non piu’ in produzione (3M)C4F10 – non piu’ in produzione (3M)

n ~ 1.0014 (il maggior n fra i fluorocarbori gassosi a T ambiente) C5F12 (minimo n fra i fluorocarburi liquidi a T ambiente)C5F12 (minimo n fra i fluorocarburi liquidi a T ambiente)

RICH in pressione o caldi

BTeV investigation: gas C4F8O (n=1.0014) might be a viable gas C4F8O (n=1.0014) might be a viable replacement of C4F10 ?replacement of C4F10 ?

C4F8O in use by semiconductor industry first use as Cherenkov radiator (TEST BEAM) Chemical name: octafluorotetrahydrofuran. Density: ~10 times heavier than air Boiling point: –0.8oC (Matheson TRI-GAS MSDS), -5.5oC (American Chemical Society) Not a poison. Non-explosive. Colorless. Odorless. Stable, mostly non-reactive except with alkali halide metals (Sodium,

Potassium) According to manufacturer can pick-up and transport oils. Contact with

organic materials should be minimized. 99.6% pure, rest mostly the isomer of this molecule, also other

perfluorocarbons (freons), Non-perfluorocarbons <0.05% Price: ~$40/lb ($24/ft3 at 20oC)

C4F8O characterization on-going C4F8O characterization on-going Material compatibility tests with C4F8O in progress at Syracuse some doubts it could work in UV, scintillations?T. Skwarnicki


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2121

AEROGEL 1/4AEROGEL 1/4

yearyear producerproducer

’’80s80s AirglassAirglass

19961996 MatsubishitaMatsubishita

20042004 Matsubishita,Matsubishita,

NovosibirskNovosibirsk

(da E.Nappi)(da E.Nappi)

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800

T %

wavelength (nm)

’80s

1996

2004

t

n = 1.03, t = 1 cm‘‘80s80s

20020044

total

undefldeflect

l’aumento di qualita’ l’aumento di qualita’ negli anninegli anni


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2222

AEROGEL 2/4AEROGEL 2/4 COLLABORAZIONECOLLABORAZIONE

KEK Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd.

hydrophobic New production technique New production technique

new solvent introduced: new solvent introduced: DMF(N,N-di-methly-DMF(N,N-di-methly-formamide)formamide)

Use DMF together with Methanol as solvent

Ichiro Adachi

High transparency with DMF >~ 70%100x100x20mm3 n=1.050

No cracks

ISSUES:ISSUES:• larger transparencylarger transparency• larger tileslarger tiles• multilayer tilesmultilayer tiles

boundaryn=1.050

n=1.045

n=1.055


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2323

AEROGEL 3/4AEROGEL 3/4Notizie da NovosibirskNotizie da Novosibirsk collaborazione dal 1988 dicollaborazione dal 1988 di

Boreskov Institute of Catatlysis

Budker Institute of Nuclear Physiscs

campione campione igroscopicoigroscopico

Light scattering length = 44 mm at 400 nmthickness

mmindex

desiredindex

measuredLayer1 6.0 1.030 1.0297+- 0.0003Layer2 6.3 1.027 1.0268+-0.0005Layer3 6.7 1.024 1.0234+-0.0003Layer4 7.0 1.022 1.0213+-0.0003

NOVOSIBIRSK NOVOSIBIRSK (A. Danilyuk)(A. Danilyuk)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2424

AEROGEL 4/4AEROGEL 4/4

(S. (S. Korpar)Korpar)

Matsushita Aerogel

AEROGEL, how to increase number of photons without degrading the resolution?


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2525

DIRC DI SECONDA DIRC DI SECONDA GENERAZIONE: IL TOP 1/2GENERAZIONE: IL TOP 1/2

TOP Counter TOP Counter ConceptConcept

Quartz-based RICH counter to detect Quartz-based RICH counter to detect

internally reflected Cherenkov light internally reflected Cherenkov light

(like DIRC at BaBar)(like DIRC at BaBar) But reconstruct the image in (X,TOP) But reconstruct the image in (X,TOP)

instead of (X,Y).instead of (X,Y).

““TOP” = TOP” = Time Of PropagationTime Of Propagation Possible if Possible if

TOP < TOP < 100ps100ps for each arriving photon. for each arriving photon.

Toru Iijima

butterfly TOP butterfly TOP

J. Vavra


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2626

DIRC DI SECONDA DIRC DI SECONDA GENERAZIONE: IL TOP 2/2GENERAZIONE: IL TOP 2/2

each photon will be measured with a ~100ps timing resolution, to correct out the chromatic error

the Focusing DIRC prototype is in the test beam at SLAC.

focusing TOPfocusing TOP3D information

t, x and vertical angle

Toru Iijima

J. Vavra


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2727

SIXTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON RICH IMAGING

CHERENKOV DETECTORS@

TRIESTE

Hosting Institution: INFN


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2828

Trieste selected on 1/12/04 by ISACTrieste selected on 1/12/04 by ISAC

we thanks the Committee we will do our best to make the 6th

Workshop successful

when?when?

in 3 years from now October 2007


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 2929

The BaseLineThe BaseLineOptionOption

“Stazione Marittima” “Stazione Marittima”

The main feature of this proposal is the location of the Workshop Building, which is down-town, in the town centre, directly located on the see side, near (within walking distance) to several hotels, a number of restaurants, most of Trieste Museums, the historical nucleus of the town and the most elegant shopping area.


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 3030

JUST IN CASE …JUST IN CASE …


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 3131

ANCORA GASANCORA GAS

goals:goals: be highly pixilated

(a few mm2 pads), work in 15kG

magnetic field, deliver a 100-200ps

timing resolution per single photon be affordable

Why gas?Why gas? in vacuum, photoelectrons

go straight and hit topMCP surface. Only less than 30-50% of them will be “in time” and collected

in gaseous device, 95-98% photoelectrons will becollected. They would work in magnetic field.

(da J.Vavra, T. Simiyoshi )(da J.Vavra, T. Simiyoshi )

IDEA per bloccare l’ion IDEA per bloccare l’ion feed back (funziona feed back (funziona in campo B; inclinaz. in campo B; inclinaz. fori MCPfori MCP= angolo di Lorenz)= angolo di Lorenz)L’ ion backflow al catodo e’ nullo entro l’erroire di misura.


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 3232

HPD & Co.HPD & Co. propsettive per un’alternativa propsettive per un’alternativa

agli HPD DEPagli HPD DEP

sviluppo di HPD e HPAD in cooperazione Belle e sviluppo di HPD e HPAD in cooperazione Belle e HamammatsuHamammatsu

goal : multi-anode (144ch) HPD/HAPD Outer: 72x72 mm2 Effective : 59x59 mm2 (65%) Multi-anode:12x12=144 ch. Pixel Size: 4.9x4.9 mm2

dal catalogo DEPdal catalogo DEP

Basic performance has been studied with the 3x3 type HPD /HAPD.

3x3 ch HPD No serious problem Higher gain than expected (1500 -> 2100).

3x3 ch HAPD Low yield of good quality APD’s. There is a HV leak from photocathode. High gain but very noisy. Further investigation is underway with a new production batch.

ppnn

Photo electron

APD PD


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 3333

FOTORIVELATORI A VUOTO DI FOTORIVELATORI A VUOTO DI GRANDI DIMENSIONI PER LA GRANDI DIMENSIONI PER LA

FISICA DEI FISICA DEI 1/21/2

432 mm

(17”)

380 mm

PAHV

optical gel(refr. index matching + insulation)

benthos sphere(432 / 404)

electrical feed-throughs

valve

standard base plate of HPD 10” (prel. version).

C2GT C2GT PhotodetectorPhotodetector

15joint Si

sensorceramic support

grande grande accettanzaccettanzaaangolare angolare (~ 120 (~ 120 gradi),gradi),

buona buona risoluzionrisoluzione e temporaletemporale(~ 2 nsec)(~ 2 nsec)

(C. Joram) (C. Joram)


CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 3434

FOTORIVELATORI A VUOTO DI FOTORIVELATORI A VUOTO DI GRANDI DIMENSIONI PER LA FISICA GRANDI DIMENSIONI PER LA FISICA

DEI DEI 2/22/2

QUASAR-370QUASAR-370

NT-200

Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev

1 Silvia DALLA TORRE CSN I, 3-4/4/2005 S. Dalla Torre HIGH-LIGHTS DA HIGH-LIGHTS DA argomenti...

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