Maurizio Pizzamiglio

I MATERIALI

NEL SETTORE AERONAUTICO

Come si progetta

- Aerodinamici

-da manovra (simmetrici- asimmetrici) - da raffiche (verticali, laterali)

- Propulsivi - spinta - coppie

- CARICHI d'atterraggio 

-su portaerei o simili  -su ruota o pattino-su acqua-d'arresto

- Di decollo - normale - catapulta - con razzi

- Speciali - cabina pressurizzata - da traino velivolo- da sollevamento velivolo

Carichi

Missione tipica

5

D

C

E

G FH

A

S

n

1

V

-1

n1

n2

n4

n3

Va

Vsr

Vs VdVne

66 fps 50

fps

25 fps

25 fps

50 fps

66 fps

Diagramma di manovra e di Diagramma di manovra e di raffica raffica

Carichi

Curva di Wöhler

STRESS-STRAIN curves

MATERIAL INTRODUCTION

•The deformation and fracture response of a material to externally applied forces are affected by

many factors: metallurgy alloying crystal formation heat-treatments environment

•No successful theory for prediction of the properties of materials (in the future too)•The significant properties of materials for structural design purposes are determined experimentally•Tension and compression coupon tests provide the simplest information on mechanical properties. Experimental data are recorded on

Elemento Lega

7075 2024 2219 2014 2017 6061Cu 1,6 4,5 6,0 4,45 4,0 0,28

Mg 2,5 1,5 - 0,50 0,50 1,0

Mn - 0,65 0,3 0,80 0,70 -

Zn 5,7 - - - - -

Si - - - 0,85 - 0,60

Cr 0,25 - - - - 0,25

Ti - - - - - 0,15 max.

V - - 0,10 - - -

Zr - - 0,15 - - -

Materiale A%

tr

Kp/mm2

cs

Kp/mm2

EcKp/mm2

0,7

Kp/mm2

n R

Kp/mm2

2014-T6 [ estrusi t <= 12 mm ] 7 42,2 37,3 7530 37,3 18,5 24,6

2014-T6 [ forgiati t <=100 mm ] 7 43,6 36,6 7530 36,8 20 27,4

2024-T3 [Piastre e lamiere t <= 6 mm ] 12 45,7 28,1 7530 27,4 11,5 28,1

2024-T4 [ Piastre e lamiere t <= 12 mm ] 12 45,7 26,7 7530 25,8 15,6 28,1

2024-T3 [ Lamiere plastate 0,5 < t < 1,6 mm ] 12 42,2 26,0 7530 25,1 12 26,7

2024-T6 Lamiere placcate e piastre t > 1,6 mm 8 43,6 34,5 7530 43,6 11 26,0

Lamiere placcate e piastre t < 1,6 mm 8 42,2 33,1 7530 33,1 10,6 25,3

2024-T81 [ Lamiere placcate t <= 1,6 mm ] 5 43,6 38,7 7530 39,4 11,2 26,7

6061-T6 [ Lamiere t <= 6 mm ] 10 29,6 24,6 7100 24,6 31 17,2

7 Lamiere e piastre t <= 12 mm 7 53,5 47,1 7390 49,3 9,2 32,4

0 Estrusi t <= 6 mm 7 52,8 49,3 7390 50,7 16,6 30,2

7 Stampati t <= 50 mm 7 50,0 40,8 7390 41,2 15,2 31,7

5 Forgiati a mano Area <= 10 Cm2 4 50,7 44,3 7390 44,9 25 31,7

- Lamiere placcate e piastre t <= 12 mm 8 49,3 45,0 7390 45,4 19,5 31,7

T6

7079-T6 Forgiati a mano t <= 150 mm 4 47,1 41,5 7390 41,9 26 27,3

WING &STABILIZERSparRibSkinMechanisms & Fittings

FUSELAGEFloor AssembliesFramesFloor Cross BeamSeat TracksBulkheadBaggage DoorAccess DoorsKeel BeamCanopy BeamsSeat AssembliesWindows Frames

COCKPITWindow FramesDashboardCenter Pedestral & Sides

Engine Mount AssyEngine Attach Pylon FittingWing Attach Pylon FittingTitanium RibsPanelsEngine Pylon Assemblies

SYSTEMSVentilation ImpellerFuel Pipe Connectors

LANDING GEARTorque LinksTowing FittingDoors Goose Necks Fitting assemblies

Nacelle & Thrust reverser & EngineRingBeams & FramesEquipmentsSuspension CaseBladesFlow Splitter

DOORSStructureMechanismsHingesFittings

Frame 1 – A380

8ft (2500mm)

Frame 42 – A320

13ft (4000mm)

Frame 16 – A380 Nose Landing Gear Box

16ft (4900mm)

5ft (1500mm)

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Floor Assy T15 – A330 PAX Floor Assy T15 – A330 GMF

20ft (6000mm)

8ft (2500mm)

Floor Assy Section 12 A350 XWB(Design and built contract)

12.16ft (3800mm)

16.22ft (5070mm)

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Wing Spar - G650Outboard Rear

Spar G65036ft long

Outboard Front Spar G65042ft long

Outboard Aft Spar - G650

Wing Skin Legacy 450

Vertical Stabilizer Skin FALCON 900/2000

30ft (9000mm)

Wing skin – FALCON 900/2000

Wing skin Machining + Forming

Elevator Panel Falcon 900/2000

12ft (3650mm)

Machining + Forming

Attachment FittingATR 42/72

Flap Track Titanium - RAIL

ERJ190

Flap Track Titanium - RAIL

LEGACY 450 EMBRAER

43’’x16’’ (1100mm x 400mm)

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Titanium Panel – A350

Compositi

Compositi

Compositi

Compositi

Comportamento a fatica

Problematica